Bhubanesvar - Bhubaneswar

Bhubanesvar, poytaxti Odisha, unda yotadi qirg'oq bo'yi sohilda bo'lmasa ham, mintaqa. Bu Mahanadi daryosi deltasining bir qismi bo'lgan Kuaxay daryosi bo'yida joylashgan. Bilan birga Konark va Puri, u hosil qiladi Swarna Tribhuja yoki Odisha oltin uchburchagi turizm. Ushbu shahar Kalinga me'morchiligining ulug'vorligini o'rganishni, uning buyuk ibodatxonalarida ibodat qilishni yoki Puri plyajlaridan bahramand bo'lishni istagan sayohatchilar uchun ideal boshlanish nuqtasini yaratadi.

Bhubanesvar 30 km Kesik, Odishaning tijorat poytaxti. Shuningdek, u o'z-o'zidan muhim biznes markazidir. U Hindistonning tez rivojlanayotgan shaharlaridan biri hisoblanadi, ishlab chiqarish va axborot texnologiyalari o'sib borayotgan tarmoqlar qatoriga kiradi. Shaharda 100 dan ortiq o'quv institutlari bilan Bhubanesvar ham Hindistonning Sharqiy qismi talabalari uchun juda mashhur.

Odia - bu shaharda gaplashadigan eng keng tarqalgan til. Biroq, madaniyat kosmopolitizm tomon siljishi bilan hind va ingliz tillari juda yaxshi tushuniladi va qabul qilinadi.

Tushuning

Kalinga me'morchiligining butun spektrini o'z ichiga olgan ko'plab hind ibodatxonalari bilan Bhubanesvar ko'pincha Hindistonning ma'bad shahri deb nomlanadi va Puri va Konark bilan birgalikda u Sharqiy Hindistonning eng ko'p tashrif buyuradigan joylaridan biri bo'lgan Svarna Tribxujani ("Oltin uchburchak") tashkil etadi. . Zamonaviy shahar 1946 yilda nemis me'mori Otto Königsberger tomonidan loyihalashtirilgan Jamshidpur.

Chiqinglar

Samolyotda

• 20.24444485.8177781 Biju Patnaik xalqaro aeroporti (BBI ^IATA). kichkina, ammo yangi va yaxshi ko'rinishga ega ko'rinadi. U Hindistonning yirik shaharlari bilan yaxshi bog'langan. To'g'ridan-to'g'ri reyslar Dehli, Haydarobod, Kalkutta, Mumbay va ozroq darajada Bangalordan amalga oshiriladi. Kuala-Lumpur va Bangkokdan Air Asia bilan xalqaro reyslar mavjud.  

Aeroportda taksi olish uchun rasmiy ravishda ruxsat berilgan ikkita variant mavjud - Carzonrent, xususiy taksi agentligi va aeroport tomonidan boshqariladigan oldindan to'lanadigan taksi xizmati. Ikkalasida ham chiqish joyida hisoblagichlar mavjud. Carzonrent sotuvchisi siz faqat sayohat qilmoqchi bo'lganingizda, sizga kunlik sayohat paketlarini sotishga harakat qiladi. Unga e'tibor bermang, chunki siz shahar ichida yaxshiroq variantlarni topishingiz kerak. Shuningdek, boshqa oldindan to'lanadigan taksilar xavfsizlik to'sig'idan o'tganingizdagina, Carzonrent esa ichkarida ham, tashqarida ham mavjud. Qaroringizni faqat ishdan chiqqaningizdan so'ng qabul qilishingiz yaxshiroqdir. Yana bir yaxshi variant, agar sizning manzilingiz shahar ichida bo'lsa, radio kabinani chaqirishdir.

Poyezdda

Bhubaneswar - Hindiston temir yo'llarining Sharqiy sohil bo'linmasining bosh qarorgohi. U Kolkatadan Chennaygacha bo'lgan asosiy yo'nalishda joylashgan va Hindistonning eng yirik shaharlari bilan yaxshi bog'langan. Vaqt va boshqa tafsilotlar uchun Hind temir yo'llari veb-sayti.

Nyu-Dehli

• Rajdhani Express, Nandankanan Express, Kalinga Utkal Express, Duranto Express, Puri Express va Purushottam Express

Mumbay (Bombay)

• Konark Express va Lokmanya Tilak Express va boshqalar.

Chennay (Madras)

• Coromandel Express, Chennai Howrah pochtasi va boshqalar.

Xaura (Kolkata)

• Dhauli Express, Janasatabdi Express, Coromandel Express, Howrah Puri Express, Shri Jagannath Express, Falaknuma Express, Howrah Chennai Mail, Howrah Yesvantpur Express, EastCoast Express va boshqalar.

Haydarobod (Secunderabad)

• Falaknuma Express, East Coast Express, Konark Express, Visakha Express va boshqalar.

Bangalor

• Prashanti Express, Yeshwantpur Howrah Express, Yeshwantpur Guvahati Express (faqat dushanba kunlari), Guvahati Express (chor, payshanba, jum).

• 20.26538885.8425952 Bhubaneswar temir yo'l stantsiyasi. (yangilangan noyabr 2020)

Yo'lda

Bhubaneshvar 5-sonli Milliy avtomagistralda joylashgan Kolkata va Chennay. Dan 480 km Kolkata, Visaxapatnamdan 445 km, 1225 km dan Chennay, Kuttakdan 32 km, Chilika ko'lidan (Barkul) 130 km, dengizdagi Gopalpurdan 184 km, Konarkdan 64 km va Puridan 62 km.

Avtobusda

Avtobuslar Baramunda avtovokzalidan kelib chiqqan holda mintaqaning yirik shaharlarigacha qaytib keladi. Stantsiyaga avtoulov bilan borishi kerak emas umuman markaziy. Chiptalarni stantsiyada bron qilish mumkin, u erda ko'plab ovqatlanish joylari, meva-sabzavot do'konlari va hatto sartaroshxona tomonidan xizmat ko'rsatiladi. Avtobuslar eskirgan, ammo g'alati bezatilgan va juda arzon (2015 yil boshida Kolkata shahriga bir kechada yurish narxi 400 dollar).

Atrofga boring

Bhubanesvar yo'llari hind me'yorlari bilan yaxshi qurilgan va shaharning yangi qismlari yaxshi rejalashtirilgan. Atrofga borish oson va arzon.

Avtobusda

Shahar bo'ylab avtobuslar qatnaydi. Bular hukumat tomonidan boshqariladigan va arzon. DTS (Dream Team Shahara) - bu Odisha hukumati va jamoat avtobusi xizmatini ko'rsatadigan "Sahara" xususiy kompaniyasi o'rtasidagi hamkorlikdir. Avtobuslar butun shahar bo'ylab soat 06:30 dan 22:30 gacha 20 minut oralig'ida qatnaydilar, ammo aniq marshrutlar vaqti o'zgarib turadi. Narxlar juda maqbuldir, 15 km yurish narxi ₹ 25. Chiptalar avtobusda sotib olinadi - faqat naqd pul bilan. Ushbu avtobuslardan hindlarning boshqa har qanday shaharlariga xos ravishda ehtiyotkorlik bilan foydalanish tavsiya etiladi, chunki ular juda gavjum bo'lishi mumkin.

Taksida

Avtomatik rikshalar - Bhubanesvarning hayot yo'lidir va uni shaharning aksariyat ko'chalarida topish mumkin. Haydovchilar odatda xushmuomala va halol. Oldindan tarif bo'yicha muzokaralar olib boring va haydovchining boradigan joyingizni tushunishiga ishonch hosil qiling. 5 km atrofida qisqa sayohat sizga journey 100 ga tushadi. Shuningdek, ₹ 5 / km masofani bosib o'tadigan umumiy avtoulovlar mavjud.

Kabi bir qancha onlayn-taksi kompaniyalari mavjud Ola kabinalari (Avtomatik, Taksilar, kabinalar, to'liq kunlik ijaraga beradigan kabinalar), Uber (Kabinalar), Clear Car Ijaraga (Taksilar), Jugnoo (Avtomatik) va Rapido (Bikes) Bhubanesvarda ishlaydi. Ola va Uberni Puri, Konark yoki Chilika shaharlaridagi kunlik sayohatlar uchun jalb qilish mumkin. Biroq, siz ham xavfsiz va ishonchli yollangan taksilarni osongina topishingiz mumkin, bu esa buni amalga oshiradi.

Avtomatik ravishda

Auto Rickshawas yoki 'auto' yaxshi transport vositasidir. Ularni qisqa masofalarga ijaraga olish yoki oldindan belgilangan turistik joylarni qamrab olish uchun bir muddat bron qilish mumkin. Ular hisoblagichlarda ishlamaydilar, shuning uchun narxlar tur boshlanishidan oldin belgilanishi kerak. Narxlar ham og'ir savdolashishga olib keladi.

Yurish orqali

Bhubanesvar ibodatxonalari kichik maydon atrofida to'plangan. Hudud haddan tashqari ko'p va tor yo'llar va yo'llar bilan bog'langan, bu joy piyoda yaxshiroq o'rganiladi.

Qarang

Ma'badlar shubhasiz ushbu shaharning eng diqqatga sazovor joylari. Bhubanesvar - qadimgi shahar, bu erda Hindistonning asosiy dinlari buddizm, hinduizm va jaynizm o'z tarixida bir muncha vaqt davomida mavjud bo'lgan. Barcha dinlar bu erda me'moriy izlarini qoldirdilar. Xususan, bu joy Kalinga uslubi 10-13-asrlarda hind ibodatxonasi me'morchiligi rivojlangan; bu erda uslubning eng yaxshi namunalarini ko'rasiz. Afsuski, Ligaraj va Kapilesvar singari ibodatxonalarning bir nechtasi hindu bo'lmaganlarga kirishga ruxsat bermaydi. Eng qadimiy ibodatxonalarning aksariyati, ularning 400 ga yaqin qismi atrofida joylashgan Eski shahar maydon. Ma'badlar kichik maydon atrofida tarqalib ketgan va yo'llar va bylaneslarning murakkab tarmog'i bilan bog'langan, shuning uchun yurish yaxshi imkoniyatdir. Quyida keltirilgan barcha ibodatxonalarni qoplash kamida 3 kundan 4 kungacha davom etishi mumkin. Bhubaneswar, shuningdek, Buddist va Jain joylari bilan bir qatorda yaqin atrofdagi arxeologik joylarga ega. Shaharda shuningdek, seyflarni taklif qiluvchi ulkan zoologik park mavjud. Shaharda yana ikkita muzey va botanika bog'i mavjud.

Asosiy ibodatxonalar

Chausati Jogini ibodatxonasidan tashqari, Bhubanesvarning boshqa barcha yirik ibodatxonalari Buindu Saravor atrofida joylashgan eski shahar hududida joylashgan. Ularni piyoda sayr qilish va avtoulovlarni jalb qilish bilan o'rganish yaxshiroqdir. Ularning barchasini o'rganish uzoq va charchagan kun bo'ladi.

• 20.238485.83361 Lingaraj ibodatxonasi (odia: ଲିଂଗରାଜ ଠାକୁର), Lingaraj yo'li, Eski shahar, ☏ 91-674-234 0105. 08:00-12:00, 16:00-20:00. 10 yoki 11-asrda Bhubanesvarning Lingaraja ibodatxonasi "orzu va haqiqatning eng to'g'ri birlashuvi" deb ta'riflangan. Noyob asar - Lingaraja ibodatxonasi taniqli san'atshunos va tarixchi Fergyuson tomonidan Hindistondagi sof hind ibodatxonasining eng yaxshi namunalaridan biri sifatida baholangan. 55 m balandlikdagi Lingaraja ibodatxonasi yuzasining har bir santimetri nafis naqshlar bilan ishlangan. Mukammal uyg'unlikni yaratish uchun haykaltaroshlik va arxitektura nafis birlashtirilgan. Hindu bo'lmaganlarga ichkariga kirishga ruxsat berilmaydi; ammo, chegara devorlaridan biri yonida baland tomosha platformasi mavjud. Platformaga chiqish uchun ma'badning asosiy kirish qismiga qarab, o'ng tomonga aylaning. Ma'bad va platformaning orqa tomoniga olib boradigan yo'l bor. Ma'bad majmuasi ichida suratga olish taqiqlanadi: platforma ma'badni suratga olish uchun yaxshi joyni taqdim etadi. Siz bilan do'stlashishga harakat qilayotgan firibgarlardan ehtiyot bo'ling, ular ma'badga rahbarlik qilyapsizlar, keyin sizni "mehmonlar daftarchasi" ga kiritinglar, bu shunchaki tasodifiy ismlar va "xayr-ehsonlar" bilan to'ldirilgan daftar, sizni "xayriya" qilishga majbur qiladi. " shuningdek. Ulardan biri, sizni aldashga urinib, keyin ko'k skuterda keladigan ikkinchisiga, har qanday xorijiy odam haqida xabar beradi. Ma'bad yaqinida Bindu Sarovara, Hindistonning barcha muqaddas daryolaridan bir tomchi suv bor deb tanilgan katta ko'l. Bepul, qurbonliklar qabul qilinadi.  
• 20.242785.84052 Mukteshvara ibodatxonasi (Odia: ମୁକ୍ତେଶ୍ୱର ଦେଉଳ). Milodiy 996 yilda qurilgan Mukteshwara ibodatxonasi Kalinga me'morchiligining dastlabki va keyingi bosqichlari o'rtasida muhim o'tish nuqtasini belgilaydi. Ushbu ma'bad Odishan me'morchiligining marvaridi hisoblanadi. Muktesvara "Ozodlik Lordi" degan ma'noni anglatadi. Eng diqqatga sazovor joyi - bu ajoyib torana: dekorativ shlyuz, kemerli asar, Odishadagi buddistlar ta'sirini eslatadi. Ikkala tomonida fillarning boshlari tasvirlangan kamar nafaqat gullar dizayni bilan, balki haykaltarosh haykallar, shu jumladan ayol figuralari, maymunlar va gaja-singxalar bilan bezatilgan (filni oyoq osti qilayotgan sher). Muktesvara ibodatxonasi ikki qismdan iborat, ya'ni Jagmohan (yig'ilish maydoni) va Biman, ichki muqaddas joyni o'z ichiga oladi. Jogmohan pog'onali piramida tuzilishi bilan, biman esa baland shpal bilan toj kiydirilgan. Ma'badning tashqi devorlari turli xil diniy va ijtimoiy sahnalarni, shu jumladan Pancharatna hikoyalarini aks ettiruvchi murakkab o'ymakorlik bilan ishlangan. Xuddi shu majmuada Siddheshvara ibodatxonasi joylashgan. Muktesvara ibodatxonasidan balandroq va keyinchalik qurilgan Siddheshvara ibodatxonasi Orissa ibodatxonasi me'morchiligining mumtoz namunasidir, garchi u Muktesvaraning inoyatidan mahrum bo'lsa. Bepul, qurbonliklar qabul qilinadi.  
• 20.2429485.839633 Parasuramesvara ibodatxonasi (Odia: ପର୍ଶୁରାମେଶ୍ୱର ମନ୍ଦିର) (Mukteshvara ibodatxonasi yonida). Surise - quyosh botishi. Milodiy 650 yilga qadar bu Bubanesvarda saqlanib qolgan eng qadimiy ibodatxona va ehtimol Odishadir. Bu Orissa ibodatxonasi me'morchiligining eng qadimgi namunasidir va Lingaraj, Puri va Konark qudratli Kalinga ibodatxonalari urug'i hisoblanadi. Ma'bad Lord Shivaga bag'ishlangan. Ma'bad biaman va jogmohan ikki qismdan iborat bo'lib, jogmohan keyinchalik qurilgan. Parasuramesvara ibodatxonasining tashqi devorlari turli xil diniy va ijtimoiy sahnalarni aks ettiruvchi murakkab o'ymakorlik bilan ishlangan. Ma'badning kirish eshigi yonida ulkan Shiva Linga joylashgan. Ozod. (yangilangan dekabr 2015)
• 20.2441785.843564 Rajarani ibodatxonasi (Odia: ରାଜାରାଣୀ ମନ୍ଦିର). Ushbu ma'bad o'z nomini mahalliy darajada Rajarani deb ataladigan qizil-oltin qumtoshdan oldi. Bu tashlandiq ma'bad va uning raisi xudosi yo'q. Rajarani ibodatxonasi an'anaviy Odissa ibodatxonasi uslubidan sezilarli darajada farq qiladi. Rajarani ibodatxonasi Xajuraxo ibodatxonalariga juda o'xshash bo'lgan bir nechta pastki shpillardan iborat. Rajarani ibodatxonasining yulduzlar jozibasi uning qiyshiq tashqi qiyofasi. Gullar dizaynidan tortib geometrik naqshlargacha va majoziy tasvirlardan yakshilargacha xudolarga qadar tashqi devorni qoplaydi. Tashqi o'ymakorlikning diqqatga sazovor xususiyati shundaki, ularning aksariyati erotik holatda bo'lgan ayol figuralari, bu yana shunga o'xshashdir Xajuraxo.  
• 20.240585.83575 Ananta Vasudeva ibodatxonasi (odia: ଅନନ୍ତ ବାସୁଦେବ ଦେଉଳ) (Bindu Saravarning sharqiy tomoni). Ushbu 13-asrga oid ma'bad Bindu Saravarning sharqiy qismida joylashgan. Bu Lord Krishnaga bag'ishlangan. Bu erda Balaram va Subhadra bilan birga Krishnaga sig'inishadi. Bu Odishaning yirik ibodatxonalaridan birinchisi va Orissa ibodatxonasi me'morchiligining klassik namunasidir. Ma'bad Bhog Mandap (Bhog tarqatish maydoni), Nat Mandir (raqs zonasi), Jogmohan (yig'ilish maydoni) va Bimandan iborat bo'lib, Garbha Griha (ichki muqaddas joy) joylashgan. Ma'badning tashqi devorlarida murakkab haykallar mavjud bo'lib, ularning aksariyati jiddiy zarar ko'rgan. Afsuski, bu muhtasham ibodatxona yaxshi ta'mirlanmagan, chunki o'nlab ruhoniylar ma'bad majmuasida boho tayyorlash bilan shug'ullanmoqdalar. Yog'och olovidan chiqarilgan otish ma'badning sariq qumtoshlarining katta qismini qoraytirdi. (yangilangan dekabr 2015)
• 20.244483885.8527576 Bxaskaresvar ibodatxonasi (Odia: ଭାସ୍କରେଶ୍ୱର ମନ୍ଦିର). Bxaskaresvar ibodatxonasi Rajarani ibodatxonasining sharqida joylashgan va yo'lning qarama-qarshi tomonida joylashgan va ochiq maydon bilan o'ralgan. Ganga sulolasi davrida qurilgan XII asr ma'badi Lord Shivaga bag'ishlangan. Ma'bad faqat 4 metr balandlikdagi platformada joylashgan vimandan iborat. Platformaning to'rt tomonidagi eshiklar ma'badning ichki qismiga kirish imkoniyatini beradi. Ichki makonda balandligi 3 m va atrofi 4 m bo'lgan ulkan Shiva Linga joylashgan. Tashqi devorda bezak yo'q va faqat tashqi devorda joylashgan parchalar Parvati, Kartikeya va Ganesha. (yangilangan may 2020 yil)
• 20.243316785.85631097 Megheswar ibodatxonasi (Odia: ମେଘେଶ୍ଵର ମନ୍ଦିର). Megheswar ibodatxonasi Bxaskaresvar ibodatxonasining sharqiy qismida joylashgan. Ma'bad to'rtburchaklar shaklidagi tank joylashgan katta ochiq maydon bilan o'ralgan, devor bilan o'ralgan majmua ichida joylashgan. Ma'bad milodning 12-asrining oxirlarida qurilgan bo'lib, yozuvida ibodatxona Ganga qiroli Rajarajaning ukasi bo'lgan Swapnesvaraning ko'rsatmasi bilan qurilganligi aytilgan. Lord Shivaga bag'ishlangan ma'bad jagmohan va vimananing bir-biriga bog'langan ikkita qismidan iborat. Ma'badning tashqi devorlari murakkab haykaltarosh tasvirlar bilan bezatilgan, ammo afsuski ularning aksariyati jiddiy zarar ko'rgan. Tashqi devorlarida raqs urg'ochilari, sher, fil va yalis kabi turli xil hayvonlar, qushlarning o'ymakorligi bor. Kirish yonida nag va nagani haykallari bilan o'ralgan va tepasida to'qqiz sayyora haykallari joylashgan. (yangilangan may 2020 yil)
• 20.239734485.85172648 Bramexsvara ibodatxonasi (Odia: ବ୍ରହ୍ମେଶ୍ୱର ମନ୍ଦିର). Bramexsvara ibodatxonasi Bxaskaresvar ibodatxonasining janubida joylashgan va milodiy 1058 yilda qurilgan. Bu Lord Shivaga bag'ishlangan ma'bad. Devor bilan o'ralgan asosiy ma'bad ikkita bog'lovchi qismdan iborat: jagmohan va vimana. Vimana ichki muqaddas minoralarni 18.96 m (62.2 fut) balandlikka ko'taradi. Jaghoman, majlislar zali pog'onali piramida bilan o'ralgan. Devorli majmua, shuningdek, devor bilan o'ralgan majmuaning to'rt burchagida joylashgan to'rtta yordamchi ibodatxonani. Devorlangan majmuadan tashqarida ham bir nechta inshootlar mavjud. (yangilangan may 2020 yil)
• 20.24242985.8323239 Vaital Deul (Odia: ବଇତାଳ ଦେଉଳ). Vaital Deul Bindu Saravorning g'arbiy qismida joylashgan. Ma'bad 8-asrning so'nggi choragida qurilgan. Vaital Deul ma'buda Shakti bag'ishlangan va me'morchilikning xaxara uslubiga amal qiladi. Ma'bad vimana va jgamohanning o'zaro bog'langan qismlaridan iborat. Vimana to'rtburchaklar shaklida bo'lib, tepasida tepa bilan qoplangan minora o'rnatilgan. va janubiy hind ibodatxonasi me'morchiligi bilan o'xshashliklarga ega. Ma'badning orqa tomonida beshta panel mavjud bo'lib, unda markaziy o'rinni egallagan Ardhanarishawara (Yarim ayol xudo) qiziqarli paneli mavjud. Sharqiy devorda Mahisasurda - Mardini holatida sakkiz qo'lli Durga tasvirlangan tosh paneli mavjud. Vital Deul yonida kichik, ammo nafis Sisireswara ibodatxonasi joylashgan. Milodiy 775 yil atrofida qurilgan, ehtimol uning qo'shnisi Vaital Deuldan bir necha yil oldin bo'lgan. Ushbu ma'bad vimana va jagmohanning ikkita o'zaro bog'langan qismidan iborat an'anaviy oriya uslubiga amal qiladi. Vimananing yuqori qismi qulab tushdi va yagmohan yangi qo'shilgan tom bilan tiklandi. Sisireswara ibodatxonasi to'rt tomondan murakkab bezaklarga ega, ammo tajovuz shimoliy, sharqiy va g'arbiy tomonga kirishni imkonsiz qildi. Ma'badning faqat ochiq qismi janubiy tomoni. Ushbu tomon juda bezatilgan va Lakulisa va Ganeshni o'z ichiga oladi. (yangilangan may 2020 yil)
• 20.25346985.83591710 Rameshvar ibodatxonasi (ରାମେଶ୍ୱର ମନ୍ଦିର). Mahabharataning buyuk hind eposining Lord Rama nomi bilan atalgan, Bhubanesvardagi aksariyat ibodatxonalar singari ma'bad Lord Shivaga bag'ishlangan. Qaytish paytida afsonaga ko'ra Lanka ga Ayodxya Rama va Sita aynan shu joyda dam olishdi va Sita Shivaga ibodat qilishni istashini bildirdi. Rama Shiva Ling-ni qurdi va shu sababli Rameshvar nomini oldi. Tarixiy ma'lumotlarga ko'ra, Rameshvar ibodatxonasi milodning 9-asrida Somavamsi sulolasining boshida qurilgan. Bu Bhubanesvarning eng qadimiy ibodatxonalaridan biri va Kalinga me'morchilik maktabining o'tish bosqichida ko'rib chiqilgan. Ma'bad minoradan vimana va asosiy inshootdan butunlay ajratilgan mandapadan iborat. Mandap pog'onali piramidali tomga ega va janubiy va g'arbiy tomonida eshiklari bor. Asosiy ma'badning kirish qismi sharqda, boshqa devorlarda Vyalas (afsonaviy hayvonlar) va shahvoniy panellar tasvirlangan bir nechta panel mavjud. Qolgan uchta tomonda, kirish qismidan tashqari, ma'bad devorlariga sayoz nishlarga o'rnatilgan Durga (shimoliy), Kartikeya (g'arbiy) va Ganashaning (janubdagi) qora tosh panellari mavjud. Kirish eshigi to'qqiz sayyoradan iborat qora tosh paneli bilan qoplangan. Ma'bad katta birikmada joylashgan bo'lib, uning ichiga tosh zinapoyalar bilan o'ralgan katta suv havzasi kiradi. Ma'bad Mausi Maa ibodatxonasi deb ham tanilgan, bu so'zma-so'z onalik xolasining uyiga tarjima qilingan. Ramchandra ibodatxonasi Lord Lingraj uchun onalik xolasining uyi bo'lib xizmat qiladi. Chandrashexarning bronza haykali (Lingraj vakili) har yili Rukmini va Basudeva haykallari bilan birga Lingaraj ibodatxonasidan Rameshvar ibodatxonasiga juda rangli marshrutda olib boriladi. Bu Chaytra oyining 8-kuni (mart oxiri) sodir bo'ladi. Xudolar Rameshvar ibodatxonasida to'rt kun turadilar va beshinchi kuni katta tantanada Lingraj ibodatxonasiga qaytib kelishadi. (yangilangan may 2020 yil)
• 20.253277585.836459211 Lakshmaneshvar, Bharateshvar va Satruganesvara ibodatxonasi. Lakshmaneshwar, Bharateshwar va Satrughanaeswara ibodatxonasi joylashgan ma'bad majmuasi Rameshvar ibodatxonasi qarshisida joylashgan. Uchta ibodatxona shimoliy janubda, shimolda Lakshmaneshwarat, o'rtada Bharateshvar va janubda Strughaneswara ibodatxonasiga to'g'ri keladi. Rameshvar ibodatxonasi bilan bir xil davrda qurilgan uchta ibodatxona boshqa hech qanday inshootlarga ega bo'lmagan baland minoralardan iborat. Strughaneswara - bu ibodatxonalarning eng daxlsizidir. Ma'badning old qismida nafis va murakkab bezaklar mavjud. Bharateshwar ibodatxonasining old qismida ham naqshlar bor, ammo ularga janubiy qo'shnining nafisligi va go'zalligi etishmayapti. Lakshmaneshwar ibodatxonasi rekonstruksiya qilingan uchta va katta qismlarning eng kam bezaklari hisoblanadi. Faqat eshik ramkasida ba'zi bir bezaklar mavjud. (yangilangan may 2020 yil)
• 20.224952585.878753712 Chausati Jogini ibodatxonasi (Odia: ଚଉଷଠି ଯୋଗିନୀ ମନ୍ଦିର), Xirapur. Chaushat Yogani ibodatxonasi yoki 64 yoganis ibodatxonasi Bubanesvardan 20 km janubi sharqda, Xirapur qishlog'ida joylashgan. 1953 yilda Odisha davlat muzeyi arxeologlari va tarixchisi Kedarnat Moxapatra ma'badni rekonstruksiya qilish uchun qumtosh bloklarini bir-biriga bog'lab qo'yishdi. Kichik kvadrat markaziy pavilonga ega bo'lgan ochiq dumaloq ochiq havo inshootidan iborat. Afsonalarga ko'ra jinni mag'lub etish uchun Durga bir marta jinni mag'lub etish uchun 64 yoganis shaklini olgan. G'olib chiqqanidan so'ng, yoganislar Devi Durga ularning sharafiga ma'bad qurishni iltimos qilishdi, shuning uchun Chaushat Yogani ibodatxonasi tushunchasi. Hindistonda beshta Chaushat Yogani ibodatxonasi mavjud. Bhubanesvar yaqinida ibodatxonani qurishning asl sanasi haqida ko'p narsa ma'lum emas. Ba'zi bir olimlar ma'bad miloddan avvalgi 8-9 asrlarda Bhauma sulolasining qirolichasi Xiradey tomonidan qurilgan, chunki yaqin atrofdagi Xirapur (dastlab Xiradeypur) qishlog'i uning nomi bilan atalgan, boshqalari esa miloddan avvalgi XI asrning biroz kechroq sanasini taxmin qilishgan. . Dumaloq ma'badning tashqi devorlari 2 m balandlikka ko'tarilgan. Kirish sharqda va uning yonida ikkita qo'riqchining haykallari (darpal) joylashgan. Tashqi devorda to'qqizta Katayani tasvirlari joylashtirilgan chiroyli uyalar mavjud bo'lib, ularning har biri qazish bilan yonboshlab ishlangan bosh ustida turadi. Katayanilarning boshlarida berella bor va ularning har biri pichoq tutishadi, xuddi go'yo boshi kesilgan edi. Ichki devorda oltmish martalik yogani haykallari joylashgan oltmish joy mavjud. Markaziy kvadrat pavilonning har ikki tomonida ravoqlar bor, ular ikkala tomonida haykallar bilan o'ralgan. Pavilondagi sakkizta haykalning uchtasi yoganis (bitta yogani haykali yo'q), qolgan to'rttasi Bayrayas. (yangilangan may 2020 yil)

Kamroq ma'lum bo'lgan ibodatxonalar

Bu kam tanilgan ma'badlarning aksariyati boshqa bir qancha ziyoratgohlar va tanklar joylashgan yirik ma'bad majmualarida joylashgan. Ko'pchilik uning tashqi devorlarida murakkab bezaklarga ega. Har qanday ehtimolga qaramay, bu ibodatxonalarga faqat Odiya yoki Hind ibodatxonasi me'morchiligiga chinakam qiziqish bildiradigan sayyohlar tashrif buyurishlari kerak.

• 20.239329985.833502813 Chitrakarini ibodatxonasi (Odia: ଚିତ୍ରକାରିଣୀ ମନ୍ଦିର) (Ligraj ibodatxona majmuasining shimolida va Papanasini ibodatxona majmuasining sharqida). Asosiy ma'bad jagmohan va vimanadan iborat. Majmuaning to'rtta burchagida faqat vimanadan iborat to'rtta yordamchi ibodatxonalar joylashgan. Ma'bad, ehtimol 13-asrning o'rtalarida qurilgan va Narasingha Deva I (Parama Mahesvara nomi bilan ham tanilgan) tomonidan buyurtma qilingan. Ma'bad ASI tomonidan parvarish qilingan gulzorlarga ega bo'lgan chiroyli ta'mirlangan bog'larda joylashgan. Ma'buda Chitrakarini Devi Sarasvatining mujassamidir, ammo ma'badning hozirgi raisi xudosi Chamundadir. Asosiy ma'bad va yordamchi ma'badlar tashqi bezaklarda o'z ulushiga ega. Uning aksariyati yemirilib ketgan yoki buzilgan. (yangilangan avgust 2020)
• 20.239809985.832938214 Papanasini ibodatxona majmuasi (Lingraj ibodatxona majmuasining shimoli-g'arbida). Ushbu ma'bad majmuasida to'rtta ibodatxona va Papanasini nomli toshli suv havzasi joylashgan. Ma'badlar Papanasini, Banesvar, Maytsvarva va Varunesvara bo'lib, bir vaqtning o'zida bunyod etilmagan. Papanasini to'rtta ibodatxonaning eng kichigi va majmuaning shimoliy g'arbiy qismida joylashgan. Bu milodning 14-asridan boshlangan juda kichik ma'baddir. Uning yonida majmuaning shimoliy chegarasida Banesvar ibodatxonasi joylashgan. Miloddan avvalgi 9-asrga oid juda kichik ma'bad, bu uni majmuadagi eng qadimiy ma'badga aylantiradi. Majmuaning markazida Maitreswara ibodatxonasi Papanasini ibodatxona majmuasining eng katta va eng ko'zga ko'ringan inshooti turadi. Ma'bad bir-biriga bog'langan jogmohan va qulab tushgan vimandan iborat. Uning qurilishi 12-14 asrlarga to'g'ri keladi va Ganga sulolasi hukmronligiga to'g'ri keladi. Varunesvara ibodatxonasi - bu majmuaning ikkinchi yirik ibodatxonasi va Papanasini tankidan shimolda joylashgan. Bu majmuaning eng yangi ma'badi. U, ehtimol, XV asrda Gajapati sulolasining asoschisi Kapilendra Deva tomonidan qurilgan. Ushbu ma'badning ikkala jagmohan va viman ham buzilmagan. Papanasini tosh bilan o'ralgan tanki majmuaning janubiy qismida joylashgan. Afsonalarga ko'ra, bir doston bu sohada uzoq vaqt davomida oziq-ovqat va suvsiz uzoq vaqt meditatsiya qilgan va nihoyat Lord Shiva paydo bo'lgan. Donishmand odamlarning gunohlarini tozalash uchun muqaddas suv bilan to'ldirilgan idishni qurishni orzu qilgan. Rabbiy uning tilagini bajardi va shu sababli Papanasini, ya'ni "gunohlarni tozalovchi" ma'nosini berdi. Tarixchilarning fikriga ko'ra, hovuz XI asrda qurilgan. (yangilangan avgust 2020)
• 20.239867885.832547915 Makareswar ibodatxonasi (Papanasini ibodatxona majmuasi qarshisida). Oddiy Odiya me'morchiligiga rioya qilgan holda oddiy ibodatxona. Ehtimol, u 14-asrda qurilgan va keyingi Gangaa sulolasiga to'g'ri keladi. Ma'badda faqat bezak izlari bor va Ganesha, Kartikeya va Parvati haykallari o'zlarining markaziy rax uyalarida joylashgan. Majmuada, shuningdek, majmuaning janubiy g'arbiy burchagida joylashgan yordamchi ziyoratgoh joylashgan. Ehtimol, u ilgari qurilgan. (yangilangan avgust 2020)
• 20.240474985.832354816 Bxarati matematikasi (Odia: ଭାରତୀ ମଠ) (Bakresvara ibodatxonasining sharqida va Lingraj ibodatxonasining shimoliy g'arbida). Bu ibodatxona emas, balki milodiy XI asrga oid hind monastiri. Uch qavatli qurilish 11-asrga to'g'ri keladi. U juda yomon ahvolda va uning katta qismlari allaqachon qulab tushgan. Mahalliy e'tiqodga ko'ra, monastir Lingraj ibodatxonasining me'mori Yajati Kesari tomonidan qurilgan va ma'badda ishlaydigan hunarmandlar uchun yashash joyi bo'lib xizmat qilgan. Bharati matematikasi oldida Bharati matematik ibodatxonasi turibdi. Faqatgina vimandan iborat ma'bad qisman hozirgi zamin sathiga ko'milgan. U Lord Shivaga bag'ishlangan va juda cheklangan bezak bilan qo'pol qumtoshdan qilingan. Bxarati matematik ibodatxonasi orqasida to'qqizta kichik Shiva ibodatxonasi joylashgan. (yangilangan avgust 2020)
• 20.240485.831517 Yameshvar ibodatxonasi (Odia: ଯମେଶ୍ୱର ମନ୍ଦିର). Yameshvar ibodatxonasi yoki Jeymsvar ibodatxonasi Bakresvara ibodatxonasi qarshisida joylashgan bo'lib, ikkalasi ham Lingraj ibodatxonasining shimoliy g'arbida joylashgan. Ma'bad milodiy 13-asr Ganga davriga to'g'ri keladi. Ma'bad majmuasida Yameshvar ibodatxonasidan ancha oldin qurilgan bir nechta inshootlar joylashgan. Qadimgi inshootlarning bir nechtasi yer ostiga ko'milgan, ba'zilari esa qazilgan. Tarixchilarning fikriga ko'ra, qadimgi inshootlar VII asrga tegishli bo'lib, uni Bhubanesvarning qadimiy ibodatxonasi bo'lgan Parasuramesvara ibodatxonasi bilan zamonaviy qiladi. G'arbga qaragan ma'bad jagmohan va vimananing bir-biriga bog'langan ikkita qismidan iborat. Nat mandir (raqs platformasi) ulanmagan va masofada joylashgan. Odiya ibodatxonasi me'morchiligi uchun juda g'ayrioddiy narsa, faqat Quyosh ibodatxonasi Konarak ushbu rejaga amal qiladi. Asosiy tuzilish va nat mandir o'rtasida kichik ko'tarilgan mandap (pavilion) ustida turgan Nandi Bull haykali joylashgan. Kompleks tarkibida bir nechta shiva lingalari, shu jumladan sahasra lingasi, yuzasi ko'plab miniatyura lingalari bilan qoplangan. Tashqi devorlari murakkab bezaklarni o'z ichiga oladi, ularning aksariyati vaqt o'tishi bilan buzilib ketgan va boshqa ko'plab narsalar ham buzilgan. (yangilangan avgust 2020)
• 20.240742985.831497818 Bakresvara ibodatxonasi (Yameshvar ibodatxonasi qarshisida). Bu Bhubanesvarning tark qilingan bir nechta ibodatxonalaridan biridir. Me'moriy dalillar shuni ko'rsatadiki, ma'bad milodning 14-asrida qurilgan bo'lib, bu Ganga sulolasining oxiriga to'g'ri keladi. An'anaviy Odiya ibodatxonasi jagmohan va vimana uslubiga amal qiladi va tashqi ko'rinishi juda kam bezaklarga ega. (yangilangan avgust 2020)
• 20.238493185.832431219 Aisanesvara ibodatxonasi (Lingraj ibodatxonasining g'arbiy qo'shma devoriga tutashgan va munitsipal korporatsiya kasalxonasi yonida). XIII asr Shiva ibodatxonasi an'anaviy Odiya rejasida qurilgan va jagmohan va vimananing o'zaro bog'langan ikkita qismidan iborat. Ma'badning shimolida yordamchi ma'bad joylashgan. Ma'badning boshqa devorida va yordamchi ma'badda batafsil o'ymakorliklar etishmayapti va nish bo'sh. Lord Lingarajning buti bu erga Shivaratridan keyingi 6-kuni keltirilgan. (yangilangan avgust 2020)
• 20.237585585.834590220 Ekamresvar ibodatxonasi (Lingraj ibodatxonasining janubiy sharqiy burchagida). Milodiy 12-asr ma'badi faqat vimandan iborat. Ma'badning deyarli ikki metrligi er ostiga ko'milgan. Ekamra Ksetra qayta qurish rejasiga binoan ma'badning ko'milgan qismi qazilgan. (yangilangan avgust 2020)
• 20.238098685.834672921 Byamokesvara ibodatxonasi (Suresvara Mahadeva ibodatxonasi) (Lingaraj ibodatxonasining asosiy (sharqiy) kirish qismida). X asrga oid ma'bad g'arbga qaragan va qo'pol kulrang qumtoshdan qilingan. Ma'bad qisman er ostiga ko'milgan va uning atrofini do'konlar, savdo rastalari va turar-joy binolari qattiq egallab olgan. Asl ibodatxona faqat vimandan iborat, ammo g'arbiy kirish eshigi oldida zamonaviy pavilyon qo'shilgan. (yangilangan avgust 2020)
• 20.237761485.835593622 Kartikeswar ibodatxonasi (Giani Zail Singh Singh va Moharana Lane yo'llarining tutashgan joyi). Qo'shni ibodatxonalar singari, bu XIII asrdagi ma'bad qisman er ostiga ko'milgan. Jagmohan va vimana qo'shni ikkita tuzilishi bilan klassik Odiya ibodatxonasi uslubiga amal qiladi. Tashqi devorlari ba'zi bezaklarni o'z ichiga oladi. (yangilangan avgust 2020)
• 20.237159985.836146123 Dakara Bivisanesvara ibodatxonasi. Dakara Bivisanesvara ibodatxonasi Lingaraj ibodatxonasining kichik joyi sifatida qaraladi. Miloddan avvalgi XI asrda qurilgan va Lingraj uchun zamonaviy hisoblanadi. Ma'bad xudosi Lord Lingarajning xabarchisi deb hisoblanadi. Afsonalarga ko'ra ma'bad Ravananing ukasi Bibhisana tomonidan qurilgan. Ma'bad qadimgi ma'badni qadimgi davridan mahrum qilgan bir qancha yangi zamonaviy qo'shimchalar bilan yomon ta'mirlangan. Martlar zamonaviy sirlangan plitkalar bilan qoplangan va kengaytirilgan beton shiypon bilan qo'shilgan. (yangilangan avgust 2020)
• 20.23702485.838330124 Purbesvara ibodatxonasi (Dakara Bivisaneswara ibodatxonasidan 200 m sharqda va yo'lning qarama-qarshi tomonida). Ma'bad an'anaviy Odiya me'morchiligini jagmohan va vimana tuzilmalari bilan bir-biriga bog'lab turadi. Vimananing yuqori qismi Shiva Lingamni ochiq osmonga qo'yib, uzoq vaqt qulab tushdi. Keyinchalik lingam jagmohanga o'tkazildi. Uning tashqi devorlari deyarli hech qanday bezaklardan mahrum. (yangilangan avgust 2020)
• 20.238823485.836089125 Laxyesvara ibodatxonasi. Lord Shiva uchun bag'ishlangan 13-asr ma'badi. Ma'bad sharqqa qaragan va faqat vimanadan iborat. Jogmohan uzoq vaqt erdagi oyoq izlarini qoldirib qulab tushdi. (yangilangan avgust 2020)
• 20.239041185.836243326 Gangesvara va Yamunesvara ibodatxonalari (Debi Padaxara tankidan 80 m shimoli-sharqda, Laxyeswara Siva ibodatxonasi qarshisida). Ganga va Yamunaga bag'ishlangan egizak ibodatxonalar 13-14 asrlarga to'g'ri keladi. Ular Ganga sulolasi davrida qurilgan. Afsonaga ko'ra Parvati (Bhabani) sigir eshitgan niqob bilan Bubanesvarda, o'sha paytda Ekarma deb nomlangan joyda yashagan. Unga ikki jin Kirti va Basa hujum qildi. U ikkalasini ham yer ostiga bosib o'ldirdi. Bu jarayonda u chanqab qoldi. Shiva uning uchligini urdi va hovuz paydo bo'ldi, u Ganga Yamuna Tank nomi bilan mashhur bo'ldi. Tosh chiziqli tank hali ham egizak ibodatxonalarning shimolida ko'rinadi. Uning suvi sehrli davolovchi kuchlarni o'z ichiga oladi deyishadi. Kulrang qumtoshdan qurilgan egizak ibodatxonalar faqat vimandan iborat. Endi ular zamonaviy tuzilma bilan bog'langan. (yangilangan avgust 2020)
• 20.23991185.834382827 Suka va Sari ibodatxonalari (Bindu Saravor janubida). Suxa Sari - bu Suxa, Sari va boshqa noma'lum ma'bad joylashgan uy-joy majmuasi. Kompleksning shimoliy qismida joylashgan bo'lib, g'arbiy tomon Sari ibodatxonasiga qaragan - bu majmuaning eng katta ma'badi. Oddiy uslubda qurilgan o'zaro bog'liq jagmohan va vimandan iborat. Ehtimol, u 13-asrda qurilgan va Ganga sulolasiga to'g'ri keladi. Ma'badning tashqi devorlarida inson bezaklari, xudolari, o'ralgan asarlari va guldasta naqshlari kabi murakkab bezaklar mavjud. Shimoliy uyada Parvatining ajoyib haykali bor, afsuski, qolgan ikkita uyadagi haykallar yo'qolgan. The temple complex has gone through an extensive archaeological excavation in 2014 revealing lower parts of the temple, which have been buried for centuries. The excavation also unearthed the remains of a further five temples, some of which may date back as early as the 7th century CE. Sarai temple lies south of the Sukha temple. It was built during the same time as Sukha Temple. The temple is west facing and consists of only the vimana, but the jagmohan footprints are clearly visible on the stone platform. The ornamentation of Sari is subjected to severe weathering but a few panels have remained intact over centuries and demand a closer look. Te compound also houses a third nameless temple, consisting of the vimana only. (updated Aug 2020)
• 20.240542885.833973528 Mohini Temple (on the southern banks of Bindu Saravor). According to legend, the temple is named after Mohini Devi, queen of Sivakara II of the Bhauma (Kara) dynasty, but historians doubt regarding it. The temple dedicated to Devi Chamunda and is severely encroached upon. (updated Aug 2020)
• 20.241001585.833529329 Markandeshwar Temple (on the south west corner of Bindu Saravor). The 8th-century temple has a newly constructed jogmohan, built of sandstone block, with no ornamentation. The original jagmohan has been lost long back and the vimana contains some intricate ornamentation. (updated Aug 2020)
• 20.243665385.836093130 Uttaresvara, Bhimesvara and Asta Shambhu Temples (north of Bindu Saravor). This temple complex housing three temples lie on the northern edge of Bindu Saravor. The complex also houses a stone line tank known as Godavari Kund. The Uttaresvara and Bhimesvara Temple have been totally reconstructed and have cement plastered walls with bright yellow paint. A few statues of Ganesha, Kartikeya and Kama (with Rati and Priti) have been set on the outer plaster walls of Uttaresvara Temple. Asta Shambhu Temples is a cluster of eight temples, which still maintains its antiquity. The temples consisting of only the vimana have varying heights ranging between 4.2 m and 6.1 m. Five of the temples are in a single alignment and rest there lies at the corner of the Godavari Kund. (updated Aug 2020)
• 20.241970485.835081331 Brahma Temple (at the middle of Bindu Saravor). The old town of Bhubaneswar is situated around the Bindu Saravor. The majority of Bhubaneswar's temples are located all around the lake. The lake dates back to 7th - 8th century and is contemporary with some of the oldest temples of the city. The Brahma temple is located at the middle of Bind Saravor lake and with no regular ferry service the temple is generally inaccessible. But on the 42nd day of Chandan Yatra festival, the temple becomes a ritualistic centre, as the image of Lord Lingaraja pays a visit here by boat. (updated Aug 2020)
• 20.24128485.838115532 Kotiteertheswara Temple. A winding road connects the Mukteshwara Temple Complex with the Bindu Saravor. The winding lanes and by lanes houses several ancient temples. Kotiteertheswara is the first of the temple and lies on the left hand side of the road. The 11th-century Shiva temple was built by the Somavansi dynasty. According to legend single worship of the lingam in the temple is equivalent to 1 crore (10 million) pilgrimage, hence the name Kotiteertheswara. Apart from the main temple the complex also houses a subsidiary temple. Both the structures consist of the vimana only and have almost no ornamentation. The complex also has a pond named Kotiteertha Tank. (updated Aug 2020)
• 20.241785485.837930433 Swarnajaleswara Temple. Located north of the Kotiteertheswara Temple, the Swarnajaleswara Temple heavily is encroached, making it almost impossible to photograph the entire temple. The temple dates back to the 7th century and corresponds to the reign of Sailodbhava dynasty. The temple, dedicated to Lord Shiva went through an extensive restoration during the 1980s. The restoration was carried out by the State Archaeology Department of Odisha. The temple still exhibits some intricate ornamentation, including sculptures from Mahabharata and Ramayana. (updated Aug 2020)
• 20.242371885.837621334 Champakeswara Temple (north of Swarnajaleswar Temple). The 13th-century Champakeswara Temple is located in a densely populated neighbourhood of old Bhubaneswar, but luckily it is one of the least encroached temples of Bhubaneswar. The temple follows the traditional Odiya architecture with interconnecting jagmohan and vimana. The temple lacks ornamentation had the central niches on all three sides contains images put up at a much later date. The complex house smaller shrines at the north east and south east corners. It may be assumed that the complex once followed the panchayatana plan, with the central structure being flanked on the four corners by minor shrines. (updated Aug 2020)
• 20.241087785.837243135 Subarnajaleswara Temple. Subarnajaleswara Temple is a temple dedicated to Lord Shiva dating back to 9th-10th century. The area was once inhabited by goldsmiths, hence the name. It lies east of Kotiteertheswara Temple and lies east of the Lingaraja West Canal. Consisting of the vimana only it has almost plain walls devoid of any ornamentation. (updated Aug 2020)
• 20.24107785.837090936 Sampoornajaleswara Temple. Sampoornajaleswara Temple lies on the west of Lingaraja West Canal and is approachable from the Subarnajaleswara Temple by a small bridge spanning over the Lingaraja West Canal. The temple dates back to the 9th-10th century. Unlike its counterpart on the other side of the canal, this temple has rich ornamentation on its outer wall. (updated Aug 2020)
• 20.245865585.839138537 Nageshwar Temple. (updated Aug 2020)
• 20.2290985.82743838 Kapileswar Temple (south west outskirts of Old Bhubaneswar). One of the largest temple complex of Bhubaneswar and houses over 30 shrines and also includes a huge tank (Manikarnika tank). It is a satellite of the Lingaraj Temple. According to the legend the temple marks the birth place of sage Kapila, the father of Sankhya Philosophy. The main temple built in later Odiya style towers to a height of 60 ft (18 m). It was built during 14th century CE during Gajapati rule of Kapilendra Deva. Non Hindus allowed inside the temple complex. (updated Aug 2020)

Buddhist and Jain Sites

• 20.192385.839239 Dhauli Giri, Dhauli Road (8 km from the city). Looking down on the plains that bore witness to the gruesome war waged on Kalinga by the Mauryan emperor Ashoka, stand the rock edicts of Dhauli. It was here that King Ashoka, full of remorse after the Kalinga War in 261 BCE, renounced his bloodthirsty campaign and turned to Buddhism. The edicts are a living testimony to the King's change of heart. He urges his administrators to rule the land with justice and compassion. The edicts are so remarkable that they have been excellently preserved, despite the fact that they date back to the 3rd century BCE. A sculpted elephant, the symbol of the boundless powers of Lord Buddha, tops the rock edicts. The Shanti Stupa or the peace pagoda, built through the Indo-Japanese collaboration, is on the opposite hill. Free.  
• 20.262585.785440 Khandagiri & Udayagiri, Khandagiri-Chandaka Road Khandagiri (off AH45 (NH16)). 06:00-18:00. These twin hills served as the site of an ancient Jain monastery which was carved into cave like chambers in the face of the hill. Dating back to the 2nd century BCE, some of the caves have beautiful carvings. The Rani Gumpha (Queen's Cave), one of the largest and double-storied, is ornately embellished with beautiful carvings. In the Hati Gumpha (Elephant Cave), King Kharavela has carved out the chronicles of his reign. At the summit of Udayagiri is an excavated Jain temple. Khandagiri has a operating Jain temple. Udayagiri: ₹5 for Indians, ₹100 for foreigners. Entry to Khandagiri caves is free.  

Museums

• 20.256285.841541 Odisha State Museum, Lewis Rd, Kalpana Square, BJB Nagar, ☏ 91 674 243 1597. The original museum dates back to 1932 and it has been housed in the current building since 1960. Housing a rich collection of sculptures, coins, copper plates, stone inscriptions, lithic and bronze age tools, rare manuscripts written on palm leaves, traditional and folk musical instruments. Rare epigraphic records are preserved in the Epigraphy Gallery.  
• 20.2829585.80681142 Museum of Tribal Art & Artefacts, CRPF Square. Popularly known as the Tribal Museum it is conceptually labeled as Museum of Man. The museum was conceptualized way back in 1953. It was shifted to the present location in 2001. It gives an impressive insight into the culture of the many different tribes living in and around Odisha. Tools, clothes and artwork are presented over several halls. In every area a guide of the museum will take care of you and give you extensive explanations. No entrance fee.  
• 20.29959785.832059143 Regional Museum of Natural History. Regional Museum of Natural History is an undertaking of Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of India and was inaugurated in 2004. It exhibits plants, animals and geology specimens from Eastern India, North-Eastern India va Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Since 2017 the museum has used green energy through solar power production. (updated May 2020)
• 20.251753885.80753744 Odisha Crafts Museum. (updated Aug 2020)

Other places

• 20.3971785.8204645 Nandankanan Zoo, Nandankanan Road, Khordha Barang (about 15 km from the city). April–September: 07:30-17:30. October–March: 08:00-17:00, closed Mondays. The zoo has some rare species of animals and is particularly well known for white tigers. There is a nice lake inside for boating and a ropeway, which, as of 2015, has been non-functional for 3 years. There is also the Botanical Garden is adjacent to the zoo. Avoid visiting the park on weekends when it gets crowded. Entry: ₹20 for Indian adults, ₹5 for Indian children between 3-12yrs, ₹100 for foreigners (you get a map free), Free for handicapped visitors. ₹50 for the safaris - the tickets are sold together even though the prices are quoted separately. Aquarium: ₹10 for adults, ₹5 for children, Paddle Boat: ₹25 for a 2-seater, ₹50 for a 4-seater and ₹100 for Family Boat. There are charges quoted for cameras, but no one seems to care about mobile cameras. ₹50/person for "Battery Operated Vehicles", but they will insist that you take on the entire 15-seater vehicle for ₹750.  
• 20.3142285.688146 Deras Dam, near Chandaka Sanctuary (around 20 km away from the Bhubaneswar Baramunda Busstand). A pristine, quiet lake in the midst of the nature. 
• 20.303940885.805754747 Ekamra Kanan Botanical Gardens. The botanical garden covers an area of 500 acres and was founded in 1985. It is undertaking of Regional Plant Resource Centre (RPRC). (updated May 2020)
• 20.229383385.847819448 Sisupalgarh. Sisupalgarh is an archeological site south of Bhubaneswar. Archaeological evidence has confirmed that the fortified settlement was continuously inhabited from the 5th century BCE to the 4th century CE. Set on a square plan, Sisupalgarh covers an area of 1 km². The ancient fortified settlement is surrounded by a 9-m-high defensive wall. The fortified city had intelligent traffic management, pedestrian-friendly pathways, grand gateways with guardhouses, wide roads and vast open space. It was a smart city dating back to 500 BCE. Sisupalgarh is named after Sisupal a character from the great Indian epic Mahabharata. According to historians, the original name of the citadel has been lost. Today the remains of Sisupalgarh are scattered in two parts, the northwest gate and the pilar complex. The gate is an elaborate brick structure. It is poorly maintained, the Archeological Survey of India (ASI) boards have long vanished, leaving only the frame and the site is overgrown with vegetation.The pillar complex or the queen complex is located just southeast of the gate and is locally called Shola Khamba, literally meaning 16 pillars. Contrary to the name there are only 14 pillars. The front row contains 5 pillars (excluding one, which has only its base) there is a cluster of four pillars in a square arrangement at the eastern end of the front row. Sadly today large part of the fortified area of Sisupalgrah have been encroached upon by rapid building activities. Close proximity to the state capital of Bhubaneswar, soaring land prices and administrative neglect have made Sisupalgarh a soft target of the land sharks. (updated Jul 2020)

Qil

• 20.29812285.832241949 Pathani Samanta Planetarium. The planetarium is named after the famous Odia astrologer Samanta Chandra Sekhar Mahapatra, who was popularly known as Pathani Samanta. The planetarium runs four shows daily between 2PM to 6PM – two in Odia, one in Hindi and one in English. Each show duration is of 45 minutes. The planetarium also conducts sky watching classes. Special events are also held on occasions of solar eclipse, lunar eclipse and other astronomical events. (updated May 2020)
• Visit the scores of parks in the city. The science park refreshes your basics and takes you back to school days. Or go around the rose garden in CRPF square or the NICCO park.
• There may be an odd play going on in Rabindra Mandap, opposite the General Post Office. Or a dance program at Soochana Bhavan. This place also had radio news broadcasts (May 1998) and a newspaper library. Visit places such as the hall of dance called Natamandira or the bhoga-mandapa, meaning hall of offering. Though these particular places can be found around the temple, the temple itself is off limits to non-Hindus.

Work

Bhubaneswar has developed as an information technology hub. Mindtree, Infosys, Satyam, TCS, IBM, Wipro, Mindfire Solutions, AnantaTek, Discoverture Solutions and others have their offices here. It is also growing into an education hub. There are many engineering colleges and some good Business schools. XIM and KSOM are two prominent B-schools in Bhubaneswar.

Other than the new-economy companies, historically, the largest employer in Bhubaneswar has been the government.

Sotib oling

Bhubaneswar is a great place to buy the handicrafts of Odisha. Silver filigree work, Applique work, items made of jute and papier mache items are some of the things you should consider taking back from your trip. The best place to buy these, though is not the city itself, but Pipili, 8 km away, on the route to Konark and Puri.

Colourful wooden icons of Lord Jagannath, sandstone icons and gemstones are a few other artifact that you can take back as mementos.

Hand-woven textiles, known as "handlooms" as in the rest of India, are exquisitely beautiful. For women: sarees and clothes that can be stitched into salwar kameezes, or kurtas. Shirts or kurtas for men are a good buy.

• Bhawani Mall. 
• Big Bazar. 
• 20.265185.83321 Boyanika, Unit-2, Ashok Nagar Bhubaneshwar,, ☏ 91-674-2530230, ✉[email protected]. Government-run handloom shop (updated Mar 2015)
• 20.26485.8332 Market Building, Ashok Nagar, Bhubaneshwar, Odisha (via Raj Path Street and 4th street). 08:00-20:00, closed on the last Monday of the month. This shopping complex run by the city's Municipal Corporation, is an excellent place to shop in Bhubaneswar. It has a multitude of shops, including Boyanika, and Utkalika, government run shops for handlooms and handicraft respectively, many other shops that sell handlooms, general cloth shops and various street vendors selling a wide range of products. Free. (updated Mar 2015)
• Pantaloon. 
• The World. 
• Esplanade Mall. 
• Ekamra Haat. 
• Pal Heights. 

Yemoq

• Country Kitchen, Bapuji Nagar (2.7 km from railway station). Spicy non-veg (mainly chicken) and separate veg restaurant. 
• Dalma, Sachivalaya Marg, Chandrasekharpur (Unit 4 and KIIT Square). Authentic Odiya cuisine. 
• Hare Krishna restaurant (near the railway station). A vegetarian restaurant. 
• May Fair, 8-B, Jaydev Vihar-Ekamra Kanana Road, ☏ 91 674 666 0101. 
• Mirch Masala; petrol pump Chandrashekharpur, Patia

Ichish

Not a place to really party out. But you can still chill at the following places.

• The Cellar (Mayfair Hotel). The latest addition to the city's night-life, where you can bowl, booze, and dance to Bollywood numbers from 21:00-23:00. This place attracts crowds. 
• Desire, , Pal Heights. Good interiors, a good place for boozing and chilling out 
• Rock On, opposite XIMB. Nice place to drink and to spend time with friends. 
• Xstacy Lounge, Plot No 421B, Nandan Kanan Road, Above Canara Bank, Chandrasekharpur, ☏ 91 9437799977. 

Uyqu

There is a variety of options from as cheap as ₹150 up to ₹4000.

• City Lodge, 55 Janapath, Ashok Nagar (from the circle in front of train station, face the station and walk along the road to the right for some metres), ☏ 91 674 2531393, ✉[email protected]. Belgilanish: 12. The entrance does not look good, just a narrow metal staircase, but the lodge is in reasonable condition. 
• Ginger Hotel. Ginger probably gives the best value for money in Bhubaneswar. Book online (but change into a package price during check-in to get breakfast included). Buffet breakfast and dinner. In-house Coffee-Day and ATM. Wireless may work. ₹2000. 
• Hotel Pushpak, Kalpana Square. Looks old but the interiors are very good. The bar is quite comfy. 
• OYO 27976 Hotel Upasana, Laxmi Sagar 1 Subash Marg (not really walking distance to anything, so take an auto or grapple with the local bus "system"), ☏ 91 124 620 1614, ✉[email protected]. Rooms are basic if shabby with comfortable beds, TVs, bathrooms and wifi. Room service is reasonably priced. Given the option, choose a room on an upper floor with a fan (not AC). The laundry service is slow and not recommended unless staying three or more nights. On a quiet back street, the hotel is near to a number of breakfast stands and a shiny new supermarket. Online bookings, although the card payment system is unreliable. English is spoken by some staff. ₹1241. 
• Bhubaneswar Railway Retiring Rooms, Inside the Railway Station (Ashok Nagar). Very clean and safe place. Your ticket number is essential. ₹150. (updated May 2015)
• 20.269741385.8417361 Swosti Grand, 103, Janpath, ☏ 91-9337476478, Bepul: 1800 123 1414. ₹3254. (updated Aug 2020)

Stay safe

Bhubaneswar is one of the greenest cities in India and it has a clean look, with adequate arrangement for dustbins made by the local municipal authorities. It is a generally peaceful city with hardly any history of violence. Nevertheless, you should avoid travelling late in night as the city tends to sleep early. Also, wear cool, white clothes in the summer.

Respect

The temples are managed in the age-old traditions so be aware of the Hindu rituals and traditions before entering them. Make sure to take off your footwear when you enter a temple or any household. Women in particular needed to be cautious in their clothing and hygiene, but things are more equitable now.

Cope

Summer tends to be hot.

Be aware of the many touts near to the tourist places: railways, temples and hotels. The 'Pandas' can be notorious if not shown respect. But be within your limits and a polite no (sometimes repetitive) will be ok to avoid getting scammed. In case you have an issue with an auto rickshaw driver or taxi then report immediately to a police outpost, or call 100.

Keyingisi

• Baliguda, roughly 270 km south from Bhubaneswar is home of Konds and Kutia konds. This is known as gateway to tribal tourism in the state. You can enjoy the nearby attractions like Belghar Sanctuary, Sapanala River Valley and Daringbadi, and get good hotel accommodation in Baliguda. Hotel Bivab is the best hotel to stay in this area.
• Bhitarkanika National Park, roughly 120 km north of Bhubaneswar, is home to the largest population of Saltwater Crocodiles (Crocodylus porosus) in all of India and is home to the largest known living crocodile at 23 feet in length. The park also features a wide variety of other wildlife, including a rare Albino Saltwater Crocodile.
• Chilika Lake is highly regarded by birdwatchers. It is about 100 km from Bhubaneswar. The brackish water being the reason for its amazing bird diversity, it is the second largest brackish water lake in Asia.
• Konark
• Koraput - NALCO and HAL plants
• Manglajodi in Chilika is a fishing village on the banks of the lake. it would be better to contact the local conservation group Wild Odisha, who will suggest a good guide who can take you around and will help you hire a boat too.
• Puri
• Rock City Kodala is nicknamed Rock City, it is around 60 km from Brahmapur.
• Rourkela - about 340 km north from Bhubaneswar. Direct train is available. Rourkela is one of the bigger cities of Odisha, and is also known as "Steel City".
• Sambalpur - Hirakud Dam and wildlife sanctuaries.
• Silk city Brahmapur (also spelled Berhampur) is nicknamed Silk City. It is around 180 km from Bhubaneswar.
• Simlipal National Park