Alkmaar viloyatidagi tarixiy shahar Shimoliy Gollandiya ichida Gollandiya, qirg'oqdan 10 km uzoqlikda va shimoliy-g'arbiy qismida 40 km Amsterdam. Shahar aholisi 95 mingga yaqinni tashkil qiladi, butun shahar hududi bu raqamdan ikki baravar ko'p. Alkmaar viloyatning shimoliy qismi uchun mintaqaviy markaz bo'lib, taxminan 600 000 kishiga xizmat qiladi. Shahar markazida 17-asrga oid kanallar va tor ko'chalar namunasi saqlanib qolgan va ko'plab tarixiy binolar (va ba'zi chirkin yangi binolar) mavjud. Yaqin atrofdagi plyajlar va qumtepalar zaxiralariga Alkmaardan osongina kirish mumkin. Ichki makon tarixiy qishloq xo'jaligi landshaftidir, 17 asrda polderlar mavjud: biri (De Beemster) - a YuNESKOning Jahon merosi ro'yxati.
Tushuning
Alkmaar Gollandiyaning "yarim orolida", Amsterdam va Haarlem shimolida. O'rta asrlarda bu ko'llar va botqoqlar mintaqasi bo'lib, qirg'oqdagi qumtepalar orqasida yotardi. (O'rta asrlarning qirg'oqlari boshqacha edi: dengiz Medemblik - Schagen - Petten yo'nalishidan shimoldan boshlandi). So'nggi 800 yil ichida qumtepalar ortidagi mintaqa ko'llar va dengizdan qaytarib olindi - ko'pincha bir necha marta, chunki erni qayta-qayta suv bosdi. Alkmaar atrofidagi polderlar Gollandiyadagi eng qadimgi kishilardir. Alkmaarning janubidagi kichik Achtermeer 1532 yilda shamol tegirmonlari tomonidan ko'lning birinchi marta drenajlanishi qayd etilgan.
Alkmaar balandroq balandlikdagi kichik aholi punkti, tabiiy qum tizmasi (eski plyaj chizig'i) sifatida boshlandi. Gollandiya okrugidagi eng qadimgi shahar va qishloqlar ushbu tizmalarda yoki tepaliklar chekkasida qurilgan: Alkmaar shaharlarning eng shimolidir. Birinchi marta 9-asrda aholi punkti qayd etilgan. U o'sib ulg'aygan sayin 1254 yilda Alkmaarga shahar huquqi berildi. U Gollandiya okrugi uchun mudofaa pozitsiyasi sifatida strategik ahamiyatga ega edi: dushman G'arbiy Friz erlari xandaqning narigi tomonida, Oudorp tomonida boshlandi.
O'rta asrlarning oxiriga kelib, Alkmaar Amsterdam va Haarlemning shimolidagi eng katta shahar edi va hozir ham shunday. Bu mintaqaning qishloq xo'jaligi mahsulotlari uchun bozor shahri edi va Alkmaar pishloq bozori bu vazifani eslatib turadi. 1573 yilda Gollandiya qo'zg'oloni paytida Alkmaar Ispaniya kuchlari tomonidan qurshovga olingan. Qamal muvaffaqiyatsizlikka uchradi va o'sha paytdan beri "Alkmaardagi g'alaba" Gollandiyaning Ispaniyadan mustaqil bo'lishida burilish davri sifatida qabul qilinadi.
17-asrda Alkmaar muhim provinsiya shahri bo'lgan va eski shaharning joylashuvi asosan shu davrga tegishli. 19-asrda ba'zi eski binolar, shu jumladan barcha shahar eshiklari buzib tashlangan, ammo tarixiy xarakterga etkazilgan zararning aksariyati 1960-yillardan boshlab shaharlarning yangilanishi natijasida sodir bo'lgan.
Dengizga yaqin bo'lsa-da, Alkmaarda qirg'oq porti yo'q. Dengiz qirg'oqlarida tabiiy kirish joyi yo'q va ilgari dengizga ko'llar va kanallar orqali sharq tomon suzib yurish. Alkmaar va qirg'oq o'rtasida Schorlse Duinen o'rmonli qumtepalar joylashgan bo'lib, ularning aksariyati qo'riqxonadir. Qumtepalarning chetida Egmond-Binnen, Egmond aan den Hoef, Bergen, Shoorl va Groet qishloqlari joylashgan. O'rta asrlarning oxirlarida qirg'oq Groetning shimolida to'xtadi, ammo hozirgi qirg'oq uzayadi Den Helder, viloyatning shimoliy uchida joylashgan dengiz porti.
Alkmaar bugungi kunda Gollandiyaning o'rta bo'yli shahri bo'lib, u o'zining shahar chegaralaridan oshib ketgan. Eng yangi uy-joylarning aksariyati eski shaharning shimoliy-sharqida 10 km uzoqlikda joylashgan Xerxugovard singari shahar atrofidagi qishloqlarda joylashgan. Shahar bilan birgalikda ular 200 000 ga yaqin odamni o'z ichiga oladi. Ammo Alkmaar ma'muriy poytaxt emas, uning universiteti yo'q, lekin bir nechta dasturlar bo'yicha bakalavr darajalarini beradigan kasb-hunar ta'limi (golland tilida "hogeschool") universiteti mavjud. Amsterdamga yaqinligi Alkmaarni Zvolle yoki Maastrixt kabi mustaqil mintaqaviy shahar markazi bo'lishiga to'sqinlik qiladi.
Chiqinglar
Alkmaarga Amsterdamdan shaharlararo poezdlar xizmat qiladi, soatiga 4 ta poezd, sayohat vaqti 35-40 minut. Ushbu shaharlararo poezdlar boshlanadi Nijmegen yoki Maastrixt, to'xtang Utrext va Den Helderda tugaydi. Amsterdamning g'arbiy qismida joylashgan Amsterdam-Sloterdijk stantsiyasida ular Sxipol aeroportiga poezdlar bilan ulanishadi, Leyden, Gaaga, Rotterdam, Dordrext va Breda.
Alkmaar shuningdek, Gaagadan poezd yo'nalishida Haarlem va Alkmaar, to Hoorn, har 30 daqiqada. Dam olish kunlari Haarlemda poezdlarni almashtirishingiz kerak.
Jamoat transporti orqali
Alkmaarga poezd orqali xizmat ko'rsatiladi 1 Alkmaar stantsiyasi NS 
, Sprinter (to'xtash poezdi) va shaharlararo (tezyurar poezd) xizmatlari ko'rsatiladi Amsterdam, Utrext, Arnhem, Nijmegen, Haarlem, Hoorn va Maastrixt. Stantsiyaning avtovokzaliga asosan Connexxion xizmat qiladi, buning uchun u mahalliy markaz bo'lib, avtobuslari bor Egmond aan Zee ( 165 ), Xerxugova ( 160 ), Bergen aan Zee ( 166 ) va Broek op Langedijk ( 169 ). Shuningdek, viloyatga ikkita xizmat mavjud Frislend Arriva tomonidan xizmat ko'rsatiladigan Afsluitdijk orqali. Bular 350 ga Leyvarden va 351 ga Xarlingen. Ammo ikkinchisi faqat yozda faol bo'ladi. Biroq, bu ikki yo'nalish Amsterdam va Zvolle bir xil yo'nalishlarga borish uchun.
Mahalliy avtobus qatnovlari Alkmaarni atrofdagi qishloqlar va shaharlarga, taxminan 30 km uzoqlikda bog'laydi. Ularning barchasi Alkmaar avtovokzalida, temir yo'l stantsiyasining yonida to'xtaydi. Ba'zi marshrutlar eski shahar markazining shimoliy chekkasida (Kanaalkadada) yoki janubiy chekkada (Metiusgracht bekatida, "Molen van Piet" shamol tegirmoni ko'prigi bo'ylab) to'xtaydi.
Paromda
A yordamida Buyuk Britaniyadan Alkmaarga tashrif buyurishingiz mumkin parom Gollandiyaga. Angliyaning shimoliy-sharqida joylashgan bir qator parom kompaniyalari mavjud, ularning Gollandiyadagi portlari Alkmaardan uzoqroq masofada joylashgan bo'lib, ular ham mini-kruizlar turlarini taklif qilishadi.
Velosipedda
Belgilangan shaharlararo velosiped marshruti LF7 Amsterdamdan Alkmaargacha bo'lgan qismni o'z ichiga oladi. Ushbu qism Amsterdam Centraal Stantsiyasi orqasida, parom (Buiksloterwegveer) orqali o'tishdan boshlanadi. Marshrutning qariyb yarmi qishloq joylari, shu jumladan Alkmaarder Meer, "Alkmaar ko'li" sohilidan o'tadi, lekin aslida Uitgeest yonida. Bu mintaqada qolgan yagona katta ko'l - qolgan 450 yil ichida suvsizlanib qolgan. Alkmaarda LF7 stantsiya yaqinidagi eski shahar orqali o'tadi. Marshrut 57 km uzunlikda, taxminan 4 soat davom etadi va siz belgilarga diqqat bilan e'tibor berishingiz kerak, aks holda siz noto'g'ri burilishingiz mumkin. Zaandam orqali N203 yo'li bo'ylab to'g'ridan-to'g'ri velosiped yo'li ham mavjud. Uning velosiped chizig'i bor, lekin siz band bo'lgan yo'l bilan birga 2-3 soat velosipedda yurasiz.
Bundan tashqari, temir yo'l stantsiyasi yonidagi Fietspoint Stoop-da Alkmaarga etib borganingizda velosipedni ijaraga olishingiz mumkin, chiqish paytida darhol o'ng tomonda. Velosiped ijarasi (va boshqa velosiped marshrutlari) haqida ko'proq ma'lumotni quyida ko'ring, Velosiped marshrutlari va ijaraga berish.
Atrofga boring
Qarang
Qadimgi Alkmaar shahri bekatdan janubi-sharqda taxminan oval joylashgan. Sharqdan g'arbga qadar taxminan 1 km masofada joylashganki, hamma narsa yurish masofasida. Do'konlar va jamoat binolari g'arbiy qismida to'plangan, stantsiyaga eng yaqin, sharq va janub turar-joy binolari. Shimoliy Gollandiya kanali bo'ylab piyodalar ko'prigidan foydalanish mumkin bo'lgan eski shahar tashqarisida joylashgan Noorderarcade-dan bitta savdo markazi mavjud. Eski shaharda tarixiy binolarning aksariyati joylashgan.
Stansiyadan: Stantsiyadan chiqayotganda o'ngga buriling, Stationsweg bo'ylab. Scharlo bo'ylab o'ng tomonga buriling, Singelgracht (eski xandaq) ustidagi ko'prikdan o'ting va siz eski shahardasiz. Ko'prik stantsiyadan 5-10 daqiqa piyoda.
G'arbiy tomon
Eski shaharga olib boriladigan ko'prik 1 Bergerbrug, Bergenga boradigan eski yo'nalish. Bu yerdagi shahar darvozasi (Bergerpoort) 19-asrda buzib tashlangan. Ko'prikdan darhol burchakda, Zevenhuizen 13-23 da joylashgan 2 Hofje van Paling en van Foreest. A hofje bu, ayniqsa, 1850 yilgacha bo'lgan bino, ko'pincha yopiq hovli atrofida qurilgan. Ular badavlat fuqarolarning meroslari tomonidan moliyalashtirildi va odatda ularning ismlarini olib yurishdi. Bu 1540 yil atrofida Pieter Claez Paling va Josina van Foreest merosi tomonidan moliyalashtirildi: ularning oilaviy gerblari eshik oldida. Protestantlar qabul qilingan, ammo alohida yashagan 1670 yilgacha bu erda faqat katolik ayollar yashashi mumkin edi. 19-asr qo'shimchalari bilan hofje endi yopiq bog 'atrofida blok hosil qiladi.
Ko'pchilik xandaq qadimgi shahar atrofida saqlanib qolgan, uning hozirgi ko'lami taxminan 1590 yilga to'g'ri keladi. Shimoliy tomonda u endi yuk tashish yo'li bo'lgan Noordhollands kanaalidir, qirg'oq tomon esa gavjum yo'l. G'arbda va janubda qadimgi bastionlarga daraxtlar ekilgan va suv bo'yida piyoda yo'l bor. Noordhollands kanaali qurilganida (1824 yilda) eski shaharning kichik qismi (Heiligland atrofida) kesilgan.
The 3 Klarissenbolverk eski xandaq bo'ylab eng yaxshi saqlanib qolgan qismdir. Piyodalar tokchasiga olib boruvchi kemerli eshikdan o'tib ketadi: bu 1850 yil atrofida muzxonaga aylantirilgan sobiq porox jurnali. Xozirda Alkmaarning yarasalari joylashgan. Shuningdek, piyoda yo'li Lamoraalsluis kichik suv darvozasidan o'tib ketadi: qayiqlar Lindegracht va Oude Gracht bilan bog'langan Scheteldoekshaven kichik portiga kirishdi. 1899 yilgacha Geestning egri ko'chasi kanal edi. Alkmaardagi ko'plab pivo zavodlari Lindegrachtda, port hali ham ishlatilayotganda to'plangan. Kichik kanallar Alkmaarni Egmond va Bergen bilan bog'lab turardi.
- 4 Alkmaarning eng qadimgi uyi, Kanisstraat 1. XIX asrda tiklangan Geest burchagidagi bu uy Alkmaarning saqlanib qolgan eng qadimgi uylaridan biridir. Shaharda qadimgi uylar bo'lgan, ammo ularning aksariyati yog'och uylar bo'lgan va shu sababli shaharning takroriy yong'inlarida omon qolmagan.
- Singelgracht bo'ylab piyodalar ko'prigining oxirida joylashgan 5 Sint-Jozefkerk (Avliyo Jozef cherkovi), Nassaulaan 2. Bu 19-asr o'rtalaridan Birinchi Jahon urushigacha Gollandiyada qurilgan neo-gotik katolik cherkovlarining odatiy namunasidir. Bu 1910 yilda muqaddas qilingan va Margri va sheriklari, neo-gotik mutaxassisning izdoshlari va Rijksmuseum arxitektori tomonidan ishlab chiqilgan. Kyperlar. Kyupersning o'zi Verdronkenoord 78 da katolik Sint Laurentiuskerkni yaratgan. Margri cherkovlari tasvirlangan va tasvirlangan o'sha veb-sayt.
- Shahar markazining yagona shamol tegirmoni, De Grootsifatida tanilgan 6 De Molen van Piet (Pietning shamol tegirmoni). Uni Klarissenbolvekning janubiy uchida topish mumkin. Bu norasmiy ravishda Piet oilasi nomi bilan atalgan, u tegirmonni shu kungacha boshqarib kelmoqda. O'shandan beri mulk munitsipalitetga ko'chirildi. Shamol tegirmonlari tez-tez Gollandiyaning shaharlari atrofidagi shahar devorlari qal'asi va devorlariga joylashtirilgan, shunda ular ko'proq shamolni ushlab turishlari mumkin edi. Alkmaarda devorlarda o'nta tegirmon bo'lgan va ulardan biri 1605 yilda qurilgan. Hozirgi shamol tegirmoni - don zavodi 1769 yilda qurilgan.
Laurenskerk va Langestraat
Eski shahar ikkita asosiy maydonga ega: bekatga eng yaqin joylashgan kanadaplein, Alkmaarning asosiy cherkovining shimoliy qismida 7 Sint Laurenskerk . Grote Kerk nomi bilan ham tanilgan, 1470-1520 yillarda qum tizmasining eng baland nuqtasida qurilgan. Kechki gotik cherkovi Brabant gotika uslubida qurilgan: uning tarkibida Gollandiya grafasi (1254 -1296) Floris V ning Uyg'onish davridagi qabri bor. Jamoat har kuni yozda ochiq, ammo hozirda u asosan konferentsiyalar, ziyofatlar va kontsertlar uchun ishlatiladi. Canadaplein yangi shahar kutubxonasi va muzeyi va De Vest teatr va madaniy markazi tomonidan yopilgan.
- 8 Stedelijk muzeyi Alkmaar, Canadaplein 1, ☏ 31 725 489 789, ✉[email protected]. Tu-F 10: 00-17: 00; Sa Su va ta'til 13: 00-17: 00. Alkmaar va mintaqa, xususan XVI-XVII asrlar tarixi va zamonaviy Alkmaarning o'sishini o'z ichiga olgan har ikkala davr rasmlari bilan yaxshi mintaqaviy muzey. Kattalar uchun 12 evro; oilaviy chipta (ikki kattalar bolali) 16 evro.
- 9 Het Hooge Huys, Sint Laurensstraat 1-3. 1931 yilda neo-mediaeval sug'urta idorasi qurildi. Me'mor, A.J. Kropholler Sug'urta idoralari va cherkovlarini loyihalashtirgan katolik an'anachisi edi. Uning an'anaviyligi uning qulashi edi: u Germaniya istilosi davrida natsistlar mafkurasi bilan hamkorlikda ayblangan va faqat 1945 yildan keyin qiyinchilik bilan ishlashi mumkin edi.
The Asosiy ko'cha Sint-Laurenskerkdan boshlanib, Vaaglenning janubida tugaydigan Langestraatdir. Ko'chaning yarmi - kechki gothika 10 Stadxuis yoki shahar zali, 1509 - 1520 yillarda qurilgan. Bino va minora 1911-1913 yillarda qayta tiklangan va hozirgi fasad aslida asl nusxasi. Schoutenstraat bilan burchakdagi kengaytma 1694 yilda klassik uslubda tiklandi. Eshikda sobiq hokimlarning gerblari va ehtiyotkorlik va adolatning allegorik namoyandalari namoyish etilgan. Zalda Romeyn de Xogening ikkita monoxrom alleqorik rasmlari (taxminan 1694) mavjud.
Langestraat 93 da Huize Egmont (pastda) bilan o'sha davrdagi patritslar uyi 11 Moriaanshoofd. 1748 yilda qurilgan bo'lib, hozirda u shahar zali tarkibida ishlatiladi. Ism saytdagi avvalgi tavernadan bo'lib, "Murning boshi" degan ma'noni anglatadi. Kirishning yuqorisida polixrom haykal bilan tepalikka o'rnatilgan deraza mavjud. Ichki makonda Italiya marmaridan yasalgan zali, devorlari va shiftlari ham bor.
Langestraat 114 da 12 Huize Egmont, 1742 yilda qurilgan, bezakli qumtosh fasadli uy Louis XIV uslubi Alkmaar meri Karel de Dieu uchun. Korniş ustidagi yivli triglliflar va oddiy metoplar almashinuvini ko'rsatib, do'stlaringizga qoyil qoling. Ularga murojaat qiling Vitruvius IV kitob, 2-bob trigliflar va metoplarning kelib chiqishi uchun. Huize Egmont me'mori Amsterdamlik Jan Kulon, gugenotlik qochoqning o'g'li va Gollandiyada Louis XIV uslubining kashshofi edi. Haykaltaroshlar Asmus Frauen (Amsterdam) va Villem Straetmans (Alkmaar) interyerda ishladilar va Kapelkerkni qayta tiklashda yana hamkorlik qildilar. Coulon ning me'mori edi Herengracht 539 ko'p bo'lgan Amsterdamda misollar ushbu uslubning.
Langestraat shimolida va unga parallel ravishda Gedempte Nieuwesloot, ya'ni "to'ldirilgan yangi xandaq" degan ma'noni anglatadi. Ko'chaning yarmida Xof van Sonoy joylashgan bo'lib, u ham ko'chaning nomi.
- 13 Xof van Sonoy, Veerstraat 1. Xof van Sonoy - bu Mariya Magdalena sobiq monastirining bir qismini o'z ichiga olgan hofjening kattaroq versiyasidir. Alkmaarni qamal qilish paytida monastir yangi mudofaa ishlari bilan ko'chirilganlarni joylashtirish uchun ishlatilgan. Qamaldan so'ng, Diederik (Ditrix) Sonoyga sotildi. Taniqli Sonoy Klivts knyazligidagi Kalkardan kelib chiqqan zodagon edi, u Ispaniya sudi bilan to'qnashuvda Uilyam Orange tomonini tanladi. U "Gollandiyaning Shimoliy kvartali" ga, Alkmaar atrofidagi mintaqaga gubernator etib tayinlandi va Alkmaar qamalini yengishda muhim rol o'ynadi. Biroq, u "ozod qiluvchi" emas edi: qo'zg'olonning ba'zi boshqa rahbarlari singari u ham diniy aqidaparast edi. U Egmond Abbeyini yoqib yuborgan va katoliklarni quvg'in qilgan, qiynoqqa solgan va o'ldirgan. (Katoliklar va protestantlarning o'zaro noroziligi Gollandiyaning ijtimoiy tarixida muhim rol o'ynagan: bu masala 20-asr o'rtalariga qadar to'liq hal qilinmagan). Keyingi egasi Villem van Bardes (17-asr boshlari) gerbini ko'tarib minora va darvozani qo'shib qo'ydi. 1743 yilda bino islohot cherkovi tomonidan sotib olingan bo'lib, uni muhtoj keksa odamlarni uyi sifatida ishlatgan. Xof van Sonoyning bir qismi hozirda restoranga aylangan.
Xof van Sonoy yonida 14 Xuis van Axten, Lombardstigda 23. Bu sakkizta keksa odam uchun yana bir sadaqa uyi - shuning uchun shunday nom berilgan (Sakkiz uy). Uning rasmiy nomi 1657 yilda Nordingen merosi bilan tashkil etilgan Provenhuis van Yoxan van Nordingendir. Uyg'onish fasadiva zaldagi yog'och o'ymakorligi uning erkaklar uchun xospis vazifasini ko'rsatmoqda. Sakkizta xonaning derazalari Veerstraat va Lombardstig tomonida ko'rinadi. Nieuwesloot tomonida regentslar palatasi va nazoratchining uyi joylashgan. Ichkarida yopiq o'tish joyi bog'ni o'rab oladi.
Keyinchalik shimolda, Gedempte Nyuveslotga parallel ravishda Koningsweg joylashgan. Uchun birinchi tosh 15 Koningsweg 78-dagi uy 1598 yil avgustda yotqizilgan. Yon devorlari va shiftlari asl bo'lib, uyning yog'och ramkasi (Skandinaviya emanasi) qayta tiklangan. Qo'ng'iroqning hozirgi jabhasi 1787 yilda boshlangan, 1925 yil kattalashgan. Uyda cho'kib ketgan karavot va orqada o'zining qudug'i va sardobasi bo'lgan.
Vaag atrofida
Bozorning asosiy maydoni Waagplein bo'lib, Alkmaarning eng fotogen binolari bilan Vaag yoki tortish uyi. Bu Alkmaar pishloq bozorining aksariyat postkartalari uchun zamin yaratadi. Vaagda hozirda Kaasmuseum (pishloq muzeyi) joylashgan. Bino 1390 atrofida cherkov sifatida qurilgan va 1582 yilda munozarali shaharga aylantirilgan.
- 16 Kaasmarkt (Alkmaar pishloq bozori), Vaaglin. Bahor va yoz oylarining har juma kuni ertalab soat 10:00 dan 12:30 gacha. Garchi u endi mos bozor emas, balki sayyohlar uchun shou bo'lsa-da, taniqli pishloq Alkmaar bozori - bu an'anaviy kostyumlarda pishloq tashuvchilar bilan to'ldirilgan narsaning nusxasi.
- 17 Hollands Kaasmuseum (Pishloq muzeyi), Waagplein 2, ☏ 31 725 155 516, ✉[email protected]. M-Sa 10: 00-16: 00, ammo vaqtlar farq qilishi mumkin. Kattalar 5 €, 4-12 yosh bolalar 2 yosh, <3 bolalar va Museumkaart yoki Alkmaarpas egalari bepul.
- Turistik ofis (VVV Alkmaar), Waagplein 2, ☏ 31 725 114 384, faks: 31 725 117 513, ✉[email protected]. M-Sa 09: 30-17: 00, Su 12: 00-17: 00. Vaagning (tortish uyi) pastki qavatida, pishloq muzeyining kirish qismida joylashgan.
Vaagpleinning shimoliy qismida joylashgan 18 Nationaal Biermuseum de Boom, 17-asrning Houttil 2. pivo zavodida joylashgan. Bu Alkmaardagi eng yirik pivo zavodlaridan biri edi. O'rta asrlarda kamdan-kam hollarda ichimlik suvi ta'minlanadigan shaharlarda pivo juda ko'p miqdorda mast bo'lgan. Alkmaar pivo ishlab chiqaruvchilari toza suvni bochkalarda, daryolardagi suv havzalaridan yoki ko'lmaklardan olib kelishgan: qirg'oqda ularni maxsus kran ko'targan. M-Sa soat 13: 00-16: 00, pishloq bozorida 11: 00-16: 00. Yakshanba, dam olish kunlari va 8 oktyabr kuni yopiq. Barda 86 xil pivo xizmat qiladi. Kirish 5,00 evro, 7-12 yoshdagi bolalar 2,50 evro.
Vaagpleinning janubi 19 Vismarkt yoki Mient va Verdronkenoord burchaklaridagi baliq bozori. XIX asrgacha oziq-ovqat va qishloq xo'jaligi mahsulotlarining aksariyati ko'cha bozorlarida savdo qilinardi. Shahar qanchalik katta bo'lsa, shuncha ixtisoslashgan ko'cha bozorlari bor edi. Ushbu bozorlarning nomlari Evropaning eski shaharlarida ko'cha nomlari sifatida saqlanib qolgan: masalan, Haymarket, Heumarkt va Hooimarkt. Gaaga Kalvermarkt, Varkenmarkt va Dagelijkse Groenmarkt - buzoqlar bozori, cho'chqalar bozori va kunlik sabzavot bozoriga ega. Alkmaarda Paardenmarkt (ot bozori) va Turfmarkt bor: maysa taxminan 1870 yilgacha asosiy ichki yoqilg'i bo'lgan.
- Oddiy yopiq baliq rastalari birinchi bo'lib XVI asrda qurilgan va 1755 yil atrofida ta'mirlangan. XIX asrda. Bu erda baliqlar 1998 yilgacha sotilgan. Ustunlar (birinchi o'tin, keyinroq tosh) quyma temir ustunlar bilan almashtirilgan. Baliqlar tosh stollarda sotilgan, odatda stul orqasidagi kanaldagi savatlarda saqlangan. Eshik kanalga kirish huquqini berdi, bu ham baliqlarni tashish edi: boshqa eski shaharlardagi shunga o'xshash baliq do'konlari ham kanalga qaytdi. Bu dabdabalar 1785 yildan boshlanib, 1882 yilda yangilangan. Ushbu baliq do'konlarining yana bir o'ziga xos xususiyati drenajdagi mis panjaralardir: tuz (baliqni saqlash uchun ishlatiladigan) temir panjaralarni zanglaydi.
Vaagplein va uning atrofidagi maydonlar va ko'chalar panjara bilan o'ralgan va Alkmaars tungi hayotining markazidir.
Oude Gracht
Eski shahardagi eng uzun kanal bu Oude Gracht, davomi bilan Lindegracht. Langestraat bilan parallel ravishda nisbatan keng kanalda bir nechta tarixiy uylar joylashgan.
Ritsevoort 2-da, Oude Gracht bilan burchakda joylashgan 20 Xofje van Splinter. Ushbu hofje 1646 yilda Margareta Splinterdan qolgan meros bilan tashkil etilgan. U vafotidan keyin sakkizta turmushga chiqmagan xonimlar uchun muhtojlik sharoitida, ammo yaxshi oilada hofje sifatida tiklandi. Splinter gerbi fasadda joylashgan. Yuristlar idorasi yonidagi belgilanmagan eshik sakkizta kichkina uy bo'ylab yopiq kichik yo'lakka olib boradi. Xofje shaxsiydir, lekin ular jimgina tashrif buyurishini kutib, mehmonlar uchun eshik ko'pincha ochiq.
Oudegracht 247 da 21 Huize Oort, 18-asrda ta'mirlangan 17-asrning uyi. Fasad neo-klassik uslubda: transom oynasida (eshik tepasida) er-xotin gerb tasvirlangan. Marmar polli zal asosiy bog 'xonasiga olib boradi, shiftli va shiftli shkaf.
Da 22 Oudegracht 239-241 ikkita fotogenik XVII asr uylari: korbel taxtasi bo'lgan uyda 1623 yilni ko'rsatadigan tosh bor. Friz ikkita sher niqobini o'z ichiga oladi, boshqa uyning jabhasida ikkita kanon va ikkita kema bor. Tosh (hozirgi polikrom), ehtimol uy qurgan Alkmaar dengiz kapitaniga tegishli.
- Kanaldan tashqarida, Hofstraat (nr 15) da 23 Sinagog. Yahudiylar 1604 yilda Alkmaarga qabul qilindi, bino 1802 yilda sotib olindi, kengaytirildi va ibodatxonaga aylantirildi. Uning orqasida maktab bor edi va ravvin uchun uy va "mikwe" (marosimdagi hammom) bor edi. Fasaddagi sanalar - yahudiylarning kalendar yangilanish sanalari, 1826 yil va 1844 yil. Alkmaar yahudiylari 1942 yil mart oyida hibsga olingan va ularning deyarli barchasi o'ldirilgan. Baptistlar uni 1952 yilda sotib olguncha bino buzilib ketgan edi. Baptistlar uch yil oldin ko'chib ketganlaridan so'ng, bino 2011 yil dekabr oyida ibodatxona vazifasini tikladi.
Oudegracht 187 da 24 Evangel-lyuteran cherkovi1692 yilda qurilgan. Tashqi ko'rinishi sodda: ichki qismi ko'tarilgan markaziy bo'lagi bilan bochkadan yasalgan bochka va xiyobonga ega. 1754 yilgi organda rokoko o'ymakorligi bor: organ ustidagi oqqush Lyuter va Lyuteran cherkovining ramzi hisoblanadi.
Oudegracht-da 45-91 katta hofje, 25 Wildemanshofje. Bunga Gerrit Floris asos solgan. Yovvoyi odam - 1717 yilda qurilgan, 1849 yilda qayta tiklangan. Ta'sischini sharaflash uchun bezatilgan ayvonda klub bilan yovvoyi odam haykali mavjud. Yovvoyi odam - O'rta asr va dastlabki zamonaviy Evropa mifologiyasi vakili - Germaniyada ham an'anaga aylangan Wildeman gerbiga kiritilgan. Boshqa allegorik raqamlar Yosh va qashshoqlikni anglatadi, haykal Alkmaar haykaltaroshi Yakob van der Beek tomonidan yaratilgan: simmetrik yopiq bog'da ikkinchi haykal bor. The hofje 24 nafar keksa ayolni joylashtirgan.
Keetgracht bilan burchakda 26 Stadstimmerwerf, yoki sobiq shahar ustaxonasi (so'zma-so'z "shahar duradgorlari iskala"). Gollandiyaning aksariyat shaharlarida shu kabi ustaxonalar va hovlilar mavjud edi: bu bino 1600 yil atrofida shiypon sifatida boshlangan va 1726 yilda ancha kengaytirilgan. Fasaddagi korbel ikkinchi hikoya qo'shilganligini ko'rsatadi.
Verdronkenoord
Verdronkenoord ("g'arq bo'lgan joy") - Alkmaarning ikkinchi asosiy kanali. Kanaldan tashqarida joylashgan Kapelsteegda - o'rta asrning ikkinchi asridagi Alkmaar cherkovi 27 Kapelkerk. U birinchi bo'lib 1500 va 1540 yillarda, Brabant gotika uslubida qurilgan. Cherkov rekonstruksiya qilingan Golland klassikasi uslubi 1707 yilda: transept va gumbazli shpil qo'shildi. 1762 yilda yana (olovdan keyin) qayta qurilgan. Cherkov qurilganida, Laat kanal edi, shuning uchun kirish xiyobonda edi.
Tashqi jabhada tosh va g'isht qatlamlari o'zgarib turadigan "speklagen" bor, bu so'nggi gotika me'morchiligining o'ziga xos xususiyati. Ichki makonda shahar ma'murlari (kengash) uchun Lui XIV uslubidagi yopiq skameyka (1707). 1762 yilda armiya zobitlari, almshouslarning regentlari va shunga o'xshash taniqli shaxslar uchun ikkinchi o'rindiq qo'shildi. 1762 yildagi qayta qurish tarkibida Huize Egmont (Langestraat 114) da ishlagan haykaltaroshlar Asmus Frauen va Willem Straetmans tomonidan ekranli va korpusli rokoko kanseli bor edi. Organning o'zi Kristian Myullerga tegishli. Hozirgi vitraylar 1920-1940 yillarda paydo bo'lgan. Cherkov veb-saytida batafsil tavsif mavjud (golland tilida, ichki ko'rinishi tasvirlangan).
Verdronkenoord 78 katolikdir 28 Sint Laurentiuskerk: u bag'ishlangan Laurenskerk singari Avliyo Lourens, o'limga qadar qovurilgan erta nasroniy shahid. Ikki nusxadagi cherkovlar Gollandiyada keng tarqalgan: keksa Laurenskerk, albatta, islohotdan keyin protestant. Ushbu katolik versiyasi 1859-1861 yillarda neo-gotik uslubda qurilgan va eng taniqli gollandiyalik neo-gotik me'morning dastlabki asari bo'lgan, Pyer Kyupers. Ichki makon ham neo-gothic, marlstone relyeflari va Alkmaarning qon mo'jizasi tasvirlangan freska (1429). Bu katoliklarning non va sharobni Masihning tanasiga aylantirish, transubstantatsiya qilish haqidagi e'tiqodi bilan bog'liq bo'lgan ko'plab o'rta asr mo''jizalaridan biri edi. Uch tomchi "qon" bo'lgan mato parchasi hali ham ushbu cherkovda saqlanib kelinmoqda va hanuzgacha an'anaviy katoliklar tomonidan hurmat qilinmoqda.
Verdronkenoord 45 da XVII asrning bezatilgan gable bilan jihozlangan muhim ombori mavjud 29 De Vigilantie (Hushyorlik). Gable vaza, ikkita oval kartoshka va boshqa gullar bilan bezatilgan kamarga ega. Fasad Amsterdam me'mori Filipp Vingbonning uslubida, uyni taqqoslang Rokin 145 yoki Cromhout uylari Amsterdamda.
Luttik Oudorp
Eski shaharning uchinchi asosiy kanali - Luttik Oudorp. Appelsteeg bilan burchakda Alkmaarda saqlanib qolgan yagona yog'ochdan yasalgan uy bor, 30 Het huis met de kogel. "To'pponchali uy" o'z nomini 1573 yilda Alkmaar qamalida Ispaniya to'pi tomonidan urilganligi sababli oldi. Eslatib o'tamiz, fasadda hali ham to'p bor. U erda bo'lganlar, kalvinistlar voizi Yan Arendsz va uning oilasi hech qanday zarar ko'rmagan.
To'pponcha uyidan ko'prik bo'ylab fotogenik bo'lgan qisqaroq kanal bor 31 Kooltuin, faqat bir tomonida quay bilan (boshqa uylar suvga qaytib). Parallel tor ko'chasi Achterdam (bu uylarning old qismida) butunni tashkil qiladi qizil chiroqli tuman Alkmaar. Achterdam - to'rtburchaklar blok atrofida to'rt ko'chadan biri. Ularning nomlari bu birlik, aslida XV asr oxiridagi melioratsiya ekanligini ko'rsatadi: Dijk, Voordam, Achterdam, Zijdam - dayk, old to'g'on, orqa to'g'on va yon to'g'on.
Gollandiyaning eski shaharlaridagi kanallar iqtisodiy vazifani bajargan: ular hayotiy transport vositasi bo'lgan. Omborlar va oz sonli sanoat tarmoqlari yon tomonda edi. Tovarlar barjalardan tushirilgan va ko'pincha yuqori qavatlarga ko'tarilgan. Luttik Oudorp 81-da a odatdagi katta ombor ko'tarish moslamasi uchun nurli nur bilan, 32 De Korenschoof ('Bug'doy karasi'). Omborda to'rt qavatli ikkita kirish eshigi bor va ularning yonida kamarli derazalar (dastlab shisha o'rniga panjurlar o'rnatilgan). Eshik yonidagi qumtosh bloklari asl og'ir menteşeleri olib yurar edi. Yuqori qavat (uchta kamar derazasi bilan) ko'tarish qavatidir, ko'tarish g'ildiragi omon qoladi. Yuk ko'targichni quyidagi qavatlarning har biridan ishlash mumkin edi.
Luttik Oudorpga parallel bo'lgan uzoq tor ko'chada Fnidsen oddiy 33 Namoyish qiluvchi cherkov (Fnidsen 35-39). Bu schuilkerkyoki "yashirin cherkov". Islohotdan so'ng Gollandiyalik islohot cherkovi yagona qonuniy din edi. Vaqt o'tishi bilan katoliklar va non-konformist protestantlik oqimlari o'z dinlariga amal qilishlariga ruxsat berishdi, lekin faqat jamoatchilik nazaridan chetda qolishdi. Xususiy uylar ichidagi kapellarga, keyinchalik cherkovlarga o'xshamasliklari uchun, kichik cherkovlarga yo'l qo'yilgan. Bu 1658 yilda tegirmonda yashirin yig'ilish joyini almashtirish uchun qurilgan. Ikkala yonbosh uyli darvoza keyinroq, 1728 yilda qurilgan. Eshik ustidagi temir temir RK (Remonstrantse Kerk) harflarini o'z ichiga oladi, ichki qismida XVII asrning kantseli, 18-asr suvga cho'mish ekrani va shu mis mis qandillar mavjud. davrlar va bitim maydoni (an'anaviy ravishda qum bilan qoplangan).
Shimoliy tomon
Eski shaharning shimoliy tomonida shahar devorining deyarli barcha izlari ketgan. Xandaq 1824 yilda kengaytirilib, Noordhollands kanaaliga aylandi va keyinchalik kanalning qirg'og'i port sifatida ishlatilgan. Qayiq bo'yidagi yo'l (Kanaalkade) endi shahar markazi atrofidagi asosiy yo'lga aylandi, shuning uchun u juda band.
Kanaalkadaning boshida kanalda "yarimorol" mavjud, 34 Kanaalschiereiland, yangi shahar idoralari (Stadskantoor, 2001) va 1980-yillarning Alkmaar politsiya bo'limi bilan.
Politsiya qarorgohi qarshisida a 35 maxsus ishlab chiqarilgan pishloq ombori, 1919 yilda Shimoliy Gollandiya kooperativ sut eksport assotsiatsiyasi uchun qurilgan va keyinchalik Eyssen kompaniyasi tomonidan ishlatilgan. Uslub - bu bir necha boshqa pishloq omborlarini loyihalashtirgan friziyalik me'mor Zitse Feddema tomonidan soddalashtirilgan kech Jugendstil. Ofislar pastki qavatda, pishloqlar yuqorida saqlangan. Kichkina derazalar pishloq omborlariga xosdir: ular yorug'lik uchun emas, balki shamollatish uchun mo'ljallangan. Bino endi rassomlar studiyalari sifatida vaqtincha foydalanishga topshirildi.
Keyinchalik Kanaalkade bo'ylab piyodalar ko'prigi joylashgan 36 Ringersbrug, eski shaharni qayta qurilgan shimoliy bank bilan bog'laydigan kvartiralar va sobiq sanoat hududidagi savdo markazi bilan. (Alkmaars zavodlari yuk tashish kanali bo'ylab to'plangan). Keyingi ko'prikdan so'ng (Frizeburg), 19-asrning kichik bog'i bor, 37 Viktoriepark, haykali bilan Alkmariya g'olibligi F. Strake (1873) tomonidan taxallusli Viktorientje. Qanotli shaxs Alkmaar qamalidagi g'alabani yodga oladi va Alkmaarning norasmiy ramzi hisoblanadi - bir nechta mahalliy sport jamoalari "Alkmaria Victrix" deb nomlangan. Parkning chetida joylashgan Wageweg bo'ylab zo'rg'a ko'rinadigan g'isht devori asl shahar devorining bir qismidir.
Bierkade yoki "pivo quay" markazning sharqiy chekkasini tashkil qiladi. Bierkade 23 da 38 Accijnstoren yoki 1622 yilda qurilgan Aktsiz minorasi. Bu qirg'oq Alkmaarning yopiq porti edi va Evropaning aksariyat qismida bo'lgani kabi, shahar ham o'z import bojlariga ega edi. (Ichki bojlar va aktsiz bojlarining bekor qilinishi 19-asr liberalizmining muhim talabi edi). Aktsiz minorasi, shakliga qaramay, asosan ofis binosi bo'lgan. To'rtburchak g'ishtli minorada toshdan yasalgan chiziqlar mavjud va u balkonli yog'och qo'ng'iroq minorasi bilan yopilgan (toksin yoki qo'ng'iroq uchun). Minora asl joyida emas: u uylarga yaqinroq joyda qurilgan, chunki tor iskala avtoulovlar harakati kuchayishiga to'sqinlik qilar edi, butun minora 1924 yilda relslarga siljish bilan tashqariga ko'chirildi.
Markazdan tashqarida
Piyodalar va velosipedchilar uchun kichik feribot Bierkade'dan Noordhollands kanaalini kesib o'tadi. Boshqa tomonda eski shaharning bir qismi joylashgan bo'lib, u 1607 yilda qaytarib olingan va keyinchalik 1824 yilda kanal bilan uzilib qolgan. Hududning nomi Veneetse, markazdagi Fnidsen ko'cha nomi singari, Venesiyaning korrupsiyasidir. (Venetsiya). Da 39 Heiligland 7 sobiq qassoblar do'koni bo'lib, 19-asrda yog'och ayvon bilan to'ldirilgan do'kon.
Bu erdan shimol tomon yurishingiz mumkin 1 Oudorp - ilgari zamonaviy uy-joy bilan o'ralgan alohida qishloq (1972 yilda Alkmaarga qo'shilgan). Bu shimolda (Herenveg) eski yo'lda: keyingi qishloqqa (Sint Pancras) borishda, eski yo'l Hoornsevaart, eski kanalni kesib o'tadi Hoorn. Xornsevaart qirg'oqlarida omon qolgan oltitadan to'rttasi bor 40 Oudorp shamol tegirmonlari. Bu erda 1627 yildan 1630 yilgacha qo'shni polderni to'kish uchun oltita shamol tegirmoni qurilgan. Ulardan biri 1688 yilda yoqib yuborilgan, ikkinchisi esa demontaj qilingan va Niderlandiyaning Ochiq osmon ostidagi muzeyida qayta tiklangan. Arnhem. U erda omborda bo'lganida, Ikkinchi Jahon urushi paytida, u Britaniya bombasi bilan yo'q qilingan.
Oudorp-dan siz orqaga qaytishingiz mumkin Munnikenveg (rohiblarning yo'li). Bu graf Floris V davrida 1270 yil atrofida qurilgan mintaqadagi eng qadimgi yo'llardan biridir.
- Yo'l bo'ylab ikkita qal'a bor edi, 41 Middburg (yoki Middelburcht), va 42 Nijenburg (yoki Nieuburburt). Nijenburg qal'asining zamin rejasi endi g'isht yo'llari bilan ko'rsatilgan (yo'l va Xornsevaart kanali orasidagi bog'da, yo'l bo'yidagi xaritaga qarang). Boshqa qasrdan qolgan narsa dalada biroz ko'tarilish (yo'l yonida, belgisi bilan). The castles were built for defence against the Frisians: in the early Middle Ages Holland and Friesland were still joined by land. They were separated as the Zuider Zee grew in the 12th and 13th centuries. The area east of Alkmaar, towards Hoorn and Enkhuizen, is still known as West Friesland.
At the end of the Munnikenweg is another windmill, a functioning grain windmill called 43 't Roode Hert - moved here from its original location in Zaandam. The Friese weg (Frisian way, the old road to Friesland) takes you back to the city centre, across the Friese brug (Frisia bridge).
- 't Roode Hert has a shop, where you can buy the milled eco-flour, pasta, and nuts. Open Monday afternoon, and Tuesday to Saturday from 10:00 to 16:30, 16:00 on Saturday. The mill is a work project for the mentally handicapped.
Until 1870 Alkmaar remained within the old walls, apart from a few houses along the road to the station: see the 1865 map at the city website. The small 19th-century additions to the city are along the moat itself, (Geestersingel and Kennemersingel), or just beyond it, such as the small Emmakwartier, a few 19th-century streets along the Emmastraat, and the Spoorbuurt (railway quarter), between the station and the moat. Early 20th-century development was just beyond those areas, such as the Nassaukwartier around the Nassauplein, and the Bloemwijk, on the other side of Westerweg. The main growth of Alkmaar came after the Second World War, and especially after 1972, when it was officially designated for expansion. The architectural history of all city neighbourhoods is documented by the Alkmaar planning department (Dutch text, with images of typical building style per neighbourhood).
South of the Nassaukwartier is the 44 Alkmaarderhout, a city park since 1607, redesigned by L. A. Springer, from 1902 onwards. The neighbourhood is now dominated by the regional hospital, Medisch Centrum Alkmaar, which originated in the former Cadet School (1893, converted 1929).
The old main road south, passing the Alkmaarderhout, is the Kennemerstraatweg. It used to run through the villages (Heiloo, Limmen, Castricum) towards Haarlem, but the present provincial highway N203 turns toward Zaandam and bypasses the old village streets.
- At nr. 11 is 45 Huize Tesselschade, named after Maria Tesselschade Roemer Visscher (1594-1649) who married a sea-captain from Alkmaar (it is not entirely certain that she lived in this house). Maria Tesselschade was the most prominent female poet of the Netherlands Golden Age, but is now remembered mainly for her name. Her merchant father had been ruined shortly before her birth, when his ships were sunk in a storm off Texel (Tessel), so he named the baby 'Texel-losses'. The present front of the house dates from around 1800, the wooden carvings depict fishing gear.
West of the old city, Alkmaar station is just north of the Bergerweg, the relocated road to Bergen. The station dates from 1864, but there is very little left of its original glory [1]. Near the station is a 28 meter 46 water tower built in 1900, architect A. Holmberg de Beckfelt. Like other Dutch towns near the coast, Alkmaar began to pipe drinking water from the dunes in the late 19th century. In 1886 about 600 houses were connected, the poor were still dependent on water sold from municipal taps on the streets. In 1889, the schools were connected so that the children could drink clean water. Water remained scarce, and the city sold additional water from municipal rainwater cisterns, fed from the roof of larger buildings.
- The purpose of a water tower is to maintain the pressure in the network of pipes: the pressure reservoir must be higher than the highest tap in the system. This one has a steel tank for 800 000 litres. In many other countries the reservoir was located on a hill, but in the flat regions a tower is necessary. Water towers became a characteristic feature of Dutch towns and cities, and there are also isolated towers in rural areas. Technological change made them redundant, pumps are now used to maintain pressure.
North of the city centre, the Noordhollands kanaal continues north, to the port of Den Helder. It was built in 1824, for sailing ships with tall masts, and it had no fixed bridges. In rural areas, it was crossed only by ferries and floating bridges. One of these has survived just north of Alkmaar, the 47 Koedijk floating bridge, Koedijker Vlotbrug. The wooden bridge has sections that slide under each other, to clear the channel. The best way to reach it is along the canal: the west bank is the main road (Helderseweg), cyclists should use the cycle paths and minor roads on the east bank. From the floating bridge, you can cycle on to Bergen, along the Kogendijk. Beside the floating bridge is a reconstructed windmill, the 48 Sluismolen: it was destroyed by arson in 2001, but has since been reconstructured.
Inland from Alkmaar
To the east of Alkmaar is a landscape of old polders and reclaimed lakes, with about 15 surviving windmills. The best way to see it is on a bike, but several windmills are clustered around the small village of Schermerhorn, which is served by the Alkmaar - Purmerend bus lines 121 and 127, every 30 minutes. Schermerhorn is located between two former lakes, De Schermer (reclaimed in 1635) and De Beemster (reclaimed in 1612).
Qil
The things to do in Alkmaar are primarily to see the old city, to play a wonderful collection of pinball machines (Friday nights only!), to walk or cycle in the surrounding countryside, or to go to the beach (see Get out, below). Although the canals in Alkmaar are sometimes narrow, and the bridges low, there is also a canal boat ride. The boats themselves are low, and have no roof: they depart from a jetty in the canal at Mient, almost opposite the Waag.
- Rondvaart Alkmaar, 31 72 - 511 77 50, ✉[email protected]. From April to October, Monday to Saturday, every hour on the hour, from 11:00. From May to September also on Sundays, same times. The time of the last departure depends on the weather, and on the number of passengers waiting. It costs €4.70 for adults, and €3.20 for children.
You can also hire a canoe, and paddle for yourself. This firm rents bicycles and canoes:
- Kano, en fietsverhuur de Kraak, Verdronkenoord 54, Alkmaar, ☏ 31 72- 512 5840, ✉[email protected]. €11 per half day for a 1-person kayak, €17 per half day for a 2-person kayak, €20 per half day for a 3/4 person canoe, €20 per half day for a 4-person waterbike, €36 per half day for a 5-person motorboat, and €36 for 4 hours (maximum battery load) in an electric boat.
In fact you can go further than the old city, on the small canals around Alkmaar. The ring canal of the Bergermeer Polder (Berger Ringvaart) is accessible from the city, part of it runs about 300 m behind the station, alongside a windmill (Eendrachtsmolen). The Hoevervaart, the small canal to Egmond aan den Hoef, is also suitable for canoes. It is connected to the Berger Ringvaart, and to the moat around Alkmaar (Singelgracht).
Futbolni tomosha qiling ie soccer at AZ Alkmaar, who play in Eredivisie, the top tier of Dutch football. Their home ground is AFAS Stadion (capacity 17,000) just beyond the ring road 1 km south of the centre.
De Koog pinball gameroom
If you long for the days when you could play a dozen or more different pinball machines at any amusement arcade, Alkmaar has a fabulous and ever-changing private collection in the De Koog gameroom. The owners welcome visitors, and the gameroom is open every Friday. For a few euros, you can play all the machines (which are on Free Play) for the whole evening, from about 20:30 until maybe 01:00; you will also meet some juda skilled players, including tournament winners!
If you plan to visit, e-mail them first: you will find contact and other details here [2]; remember this is a private collection and so the gameroom bu occasionally closed. The gameroom is on the top floor of a unit on an industrial estate which is about a 15 to 20 minute drive out of town, so you'll need to organise yourself a taxi to get to Beverkoog and to get home later. However, the owners are very friendly and helpful and will call a cab for you at closing time, if necessary.
If you're truly a pinball fan, De Koog should be on your 'must see' list when you visit the Netherlands! (Unfortunately, the pinball room in Partycenter Silverstone at Zwanenburg is now an 'arcade hall' and now has only three or four pinball machines left: very sad!).
Cycle routes and rental
Besides the Amsterdam-Alkmaar section of the LF7 cycle route, two other national cycle routes[3] pass Alkmaar. The LF15 begins in Egmond aan den Hoef, 6 km south-west of Alkmaar, goes east to Hoorn va Enkhuizen, and ends at Enschede, near the German border. In Alkmaar, both routes (LF7 and LF15) cross the bridge between the station and the old city (at Zevenhuizen). The LF1, along the Belgian and Dutch coast to Den Helder, passes through Egmond aan den Hoef and Schoorl, where it links with the LF7.
There are several signposted cycle routes near Alkmaar - the Droogmakerij route, the Duinstreekroute, the Brede Duinen route, and the Dijkroute. They are circular routes, about 40 to 50 km long, which take you back to their starting point. Routes are usually indicated by hexagonal signs: some are on signposts, but others are on low posts and may be obscured by grass, so look carefully. You can also print a 41-km online cycle tour of Alkmaar and surroundings.
- The Brede Duinen route was voted the most scenic cycle route in the country, in 2005. You can join it as it crosses the cycle bridge over the Noordhollands kanaal in Alkmaar, 1 km north of the railway bridge. The route passes dune forest, open dunes, the modern sea dike at the Hondsbossche Zeewering, the older mediaeval dike behind it, and old polder landscape with windmills. You can also see how the Dutch upper-middle-class lives, in the dune-edge villages. The route passes through the Noordhollands Duinreservaat, and you need a day ticket (€1.20). You pass a ticket machine at the entrance to the reserve, just north of Bergen.
- The Droogmakerij route goes around and through the reclaimed Schermer lake, passing almost 20 windmills. You can join it at the 4 windmills in Oudorp, along the Hoornsevaart canal.
- The Dijkroute is longer (56 km), and further north: much of it runs along the mediaeval ring dike of West Friesland. You can join it at Petten, at the north end of the Hondsbossche Zeewering, or alternatively at Schagen station.
You can rent bikes at the station in Alkmaar, and in Bergen and Schoorl. You need to show a passport, and pay a refundable deposit.
- Fietspoint Stoop, Stationsweg 43, Alkmaar (beside the station), ☏ 31 72-5117907. The advantage is the long opening hours: they don't close until midnight. Open at 05:00 on weekdays, 07:00 on Saturday, and at 08:00 on Sunday. About €8 per day. Reservations are advisable on fine days in summer, or for groups call.
- Tweewielercentrum Busker, Kerkstraat 1, Bergen
- Rijwielhandel De Paardenmarkt, Paardenmarkt 45, Schoorl
- Bikecenter, Paardenmarkt 23, Schoorl.
- Raat Fietsverhuur, Duinweg 41, Schoorl
Sotib oling
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Almost all bars serve food and the town offers a wide range of restaurants, almost all of which in walking distance from the city center. varying from Dutch to Thai, from Chinese to Russian and Eastern European, from Spanish to Indonesian and from Greek to Scotch. Restaurants are typically open from around 17:00 to 23:30.
- Abby's Restaurant, Ritsevoort 60. 31 72-511 1111. It's on the edge of the city center, at the foot of the Molen van Piet. Serves lunch and dinner, mains around €20 plus €3.50 for side dishes.
- De Koperen Pot - Bistro, Luttik Oudorp 59. 31 72-5114742. Serves Dutch/French food and grills.
- Grand Café 't Gulden Vlies, Koorstraat 30. Tel. 31 72-5122442. Fax 31 72-5159020. Serves Dutch food.
- Mexicaans Restaurant Rose's Cantina, Fnidsen 107. Tel. 31 72-5152606. Fax 31 72-5111634. Serves large portions of reasonable Mexican food for €15 to 20.
- Schots Restaurant Hielander, Ridderstraat 15, 31 72-5120015. Small restaurant for Scottish dining - yes, they do also serve haggis - run by a rotund kilted Scotchman. Main courses are €20 to 25. The restaurant has a vast selection of malt whiskies, and plenty of knowledge to provide you with advice on which ones to choose. During the weekends it's not a bad idea to book ahead, as they regularly book out.
- Sonneveld Eten & Drinken, Canadaplein 2. 31 72-5489898. It's in Theater De Vest, a good spot if you'd like to combine a play with a meal.
- Tapas. Alkmaar has a surprisingly large amount of tapas restaurants.
- La Cubanita, Mient 22. 31 72-5200019. Unlimited tapas for €17.50. Populated with groups of people in their early 20s loudly having a great time. The tapas themselves are rather salty and greasy, which may be just what you want if you plan to have a great time talking, drinking and laughing with friends.
- Tapas & Co, Fnidsen 101. 31 72-5200562. Unlimited tapas for €19.50 on weekdays and €21.50 on weekends. Very similar to La Cubanita in every way, just add a few euros to the bill, subtract a few decibels (but not too many) from the sound level the crowd produces, and add a couple of years to the median age of the guests.
- Don Quijote Gedempte Nieuwesloot 11. 31 72-5158847. While the former two aim for a more Latin-American vibe, this place goes for a more Spanish atmosphere - and better food. Tapas are between €4 and €5.
- Granada, Kerkplein 5. 31 72-5128115. It's near the Canadaplein opposite, while the others centered around the Waagplein. Its pleasant terrace catches some late afternoon sun. It serves not-quite-authentic individual tapas in fairly large portions for around €7, has a 3-course tapas dinner for €29.50 and a set tapas platter main course for €23.50. There is also a-la-carte dining. Between all this your pleasant spot on the terrace is their best asset.
- Finally, Rose's Cantina mentioned earlier also serves tapas, though this is not their main forte.
Smaller shoarma and kebab places have longer hours, operating from mid-afternoon to as late as 03:00. Alkmaar also has two McDonald's, a Subway, and a Burger King.
Ichish
Alkmaar has many bars, which are mostly centred around the Waagplein and Platte Stenen Brug (Mient). Bars are open until 02:00 on weekdays and until 02:30 or 03:00 on Fridays and Saturdays.
- Café de Lindeboom, Verdronkenoord 114. 31 72-5121743.
- Café De Tramps, Verdronkenoord 108. 31 72-5156216.
- Café Joey's, Houttil 26. 31 72-5208878.
- De Kade (On the promenade on the northern shore of the Noordhollands Kanaal). During summer, De Kade advertises itself as a 'city beach'. It sports a bar and a seating area in what is essentially a big sandbox. It often has live music by local musicians and bands, and often has expositions of local artists. It provides free use of barbequeues for a bring-your-own meat BBQ. Note there is no swimming.
Clubs
The main music venue of Alkmaar is Podium Victorie, Breedstraat 33. 31 72 - 5115076 Saturday nights are mostly dance music, ranging from 1990s nights to hardstyle nights. Fridays tend to be more alternative, with the upstairs bar having smaller more quirky acts the might be a band or a dj set. Some Thursday nights host more low-key events as pub quizzes, or they might just have booked an international metal band. Cover charge is generally around €10, or higher for larger international acts, and there is free entrance to the upstairs bar. Don't expect crowds before midnight, or it to be packed before 01:00 during the weekend. Closes at 04:00.
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Most accommodation in the region is on the coast, especially in the seaside villages, and in the dunes. In Alkmaar, there is one small hotel opposite the station, a larger hotel in the city center, two larger chain hotels, and several bed and breakfasts.
Hotels:
- Hotel Stad en Land, Stationsweg 92-94. Tel. 31 72 - 5123911, fax 31 72 - 5118440, e-mail [email protected]. opposite the station
- Golden Tulip Alkmaar, Arcadialaan 6, (near the ring road, at the end of the A9 motorway). Tel. 31 72 - 5401414, fax 072 - 5470141 e-mail [email protected].
- Amrâth Hotel Alkmaar, Geestersingel 15. Tel. 31 72 - 5186186, fax 31 72 - 5186100, e-mail [email protected]. [4]
- Grand Hotel Alkmaar, Gedempte Nieuwesloot 36. Tel. 31 72 - 5760970, fax 072 - 5625397, e-mail [email protected].
Current hotel vacancies in Alkmaar can be checked at the tourist office website. Boring [5][o'lik havola] and click on Accommodation, then click on "Up to date availability".
For current vacancies in the coastal/dune villages, again go to "Up to date availability", go to the bottom of the page, and click on "Up to date availability at the North Sea Coast Region". Or search per village at [6].
Hostel
Bor StayOkay hostel (affiliated to Hostelling International) just south of Egmond aan den Hoef. Open all year, low season weekday bed rate €21. Herenweg 118, 1935 AJ Egmond. Tel 31 72 506 22 69, fax 31 72 506 70 34, e-mail [email protected].
Campsites
Many of the coastal campsites are intended for families with young children. Category, address, and some details of campsites are available at the recreation association website.
- De Bregman, Schoorl, 3 star.
- Buitenduin, Schoorl, 2 star. Small forested site.
- Koningshof, Schoorl, 3 star.
- Het Lange Veld, Schoorl, 2 star. "The facilities are very basic". No disco, no restaurant, no shop, no activities for children. Dogs and large groups of people are not allowed.
- Groede, Schoorl, 2 star. "for the over-40s and families with young children up to 10 years old".
- De Woudhoeve, Egmond aan den Hoef, 4 star. "Hotel is aimed especially at families with young children".
Keyingisi
Most non-local visitors to Alkmaar go back the way they came - Amsterdam. Otherwise, t onward destinations:
- Bergen - luxury seaside destination with the Schoorlse Duinen (protected dunes)
- Enkhuizen - picturesque village with the Southern Sea Museum
- Hoorn - a historic port town of the Dutch East India Company
- Texel - popular seaside island, part of the West Frisian Islands
| Routes through Alkmaar |
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