Frantsuzcha so'zlashuv kitobi - French phrasebook

Frantsuz tilida so'zlashadigan joylar

Frantsuz (Frantsiya) - bu romantik til va dunyodagi eng keng tarqalgan tillardan biri: frantsuz tilida 277 million kishi, shu jumladan 100 millionga yaqin ona tilida so'zlashuvchilar. Frantsuz tili kelib chiqqan bo'lsa-da Frantsiya, zamonaviy davrda u har bir qit'ada gapiriladi; bu 29 davlatning rasmiy tili, boshqa o'nlab mamlakatlar va mintaqalarda muhim biznes, madaniy yoki ozchiliklar tili bo'lib, rasmiy ravishda BMT, Evropa Ittifoqi va Xalqaro Olimpiya qo'mitasi kabi ko'plab xalqaro tashkilotlar tomonidan qo'llaniladi. 20-asrga kelib frantsuz tili asosiy xalqaro lingva frank edi va bir paytlar Evropaning ko'p qirollik sudlarida frantsuz tili ishlatilgan. Bugungi kunga qadar u qolmoqda de rigueur dunyodagi ko'plab jamiyatlarda o'qimishli odamlar uchun ba'zi bir darajadagi asosiy frantsuzcha qobiliyatlari bo'lishi kerak.

2014 yilda frantsuz tilida so'zlashuvchilarning mamlakatlar bo'yicha nisbati (0-50% gradation)

Frantsuz tili Frantsiyaning yagona rasmiy tili, shu jumladan uning barcha chet el bo'limlari va hududlarini o'z ichiga oladi va frantsuz fuqarolari bilan aloqa o'rnatishingiz kerak bo'lgan yagona tildir. Frantsiyadan tashqari, Evropaning ko'plab yaqin mamlakatlarida, shu jumladan janubiy yarmida frantsuzcha keng tarqalgan Belgiya (Valoniya va Bryussel), g'arbiy Shveytsariya, Monako, Lyuksemburg, va Aosta vodiysi shimoli-g'arbiy Italiya. Ko'p sonli tillarda ikkinchi tilda so'zlashuvchilar ham mavjud Kanal orollari (Jersi, Gernsiva Sark, bu erda frantsuz tiliga juda o'xshash Norman lahjalari saqlanib qolgan) va kichik Pireney mamlakatida Andorra.

Amerikada frantsuzcha asosan Kanadaning provinsiyalarida gaplashadi Kvebek, Nyu-Brunsvik, ning shimoliy va sharqiy qismlari Ontario va Winnipeg maydoni atrofida Manitoba. Haqiqatdan ham, Kanada rasmiy ravishda ikki tilli millatdir va deyarli har bir viloyatda frankofon anklavlari mavjud, garchi aytib o'tilgan to'rtta viloyat tashqarisida ham Kanadada frantsuz tilidan ko'proq so'zlashadigan odamni uchratish mumkin bo'lmagan joyda uchratish juda kam uchraydi. Frantsuz tilida so'zlashadigan jamoalar. Frantsuz tili ham ba'zi bir qismlarda gaplashadi Qo'shma Shtatlar, ya'ni qismlar Luiziana va shimoliy Meyn, Nyu-Xempshir va Vermont. Karib dengizida frantsuz tili rasmiy tildir Gaiti, Frantsiyaning sobiq mustamlakachisi. Amerikada, shuningdek, frantsuz bo'limlari joylashgan Martinika, Gvadelupava Frantsiya Gvianasi, shuningdek chet el jamoalari Sent-Pyer va Mikelon, Sankt-Bartelemiyava shimoliy yarmi Avliyo Martin.

Boshqa joylarda fransuz tili Afrikadagi ko'plab sobiq frantsuz va belgiyalik mustamlakalarning rasmiy tili hisoblanadi Kamerun, Kongo Demokratik Respublikasi, va Kongo Respublikasiva norasmiy, ammo boshqalarda obro'ga ega, ya'ni Jazoir, Tunisva Marokash. Bu sobiq Frantsiya Janubi-Sharqiy Osiyo mulklarida muhim ma'muriy, ma'rifiy va madaniy tildir Vetnam, Laos va Kambodja. Hind okeanida, Reunion va Mayot Frantsuziyaning chet el bo'limlari, frantsuz tili ham rasmiy tildir Mavrikiy va Seyshel orollari. Okeaniyada, Yangi Kaledoniya, Frantsiya Polineziyasiva Uollis va Futuna Frantsiyaning xorijdagi hududlari bo'lib qoladi va frantsuz tili ham rasmiy tillardan biridir Vanuatu.

Frantsuzcha Vikivoyajda a sahifa bu sizga frantsuz tilida so'zlashadigan mintaqalarni topishda yordam berishi mumkin.

Grammatika

Ispan va nemis singari, ammo ingliz tilidan farqli o'laroq, frantsuz tili rasmiy regulyator tomonidan boshqariladi - L'Académie frantsuz. Bosh qarorgohi Parijda (bu erda ko'rsatilgan), Académie yaxshi frantsuz tili bo'yicha ko'rsatma va tavsiyalar beradi va uning imlo islohotlari vaqti-vaqti bilan ziddiyatli.

Jins va uning asoratlari

Frantsuzcha ismlar ikki xilga bo'linadi jinslar: erkak va ayol. Ingliz tilidan farqli o'laroq, barcha jonsiz narsalarning jinsi ularga tayinlangan: masalan, og'riq (non) erkaklarcha, ammo maxfiylik (murabbo) ayollarga xosdir. Shaxslarni anglatadigan ismlarning grammatik jinsi odatda odamning tabiiy jinsiga ergashadi; masalan; misol uchun, mere (ona) ayolga xosdir pere (ota) erkak. Biroq, ba'zi ismlar, ular murojaat qilgan kishining tabiiy jinsidan qat'i nazar, har doim bir xil jinsga ega: odam agar u kishi erkak bo'lsa ham har doim ayolga xosdir.

Bir qarashda ismning qaysi jinsga mansubligini aytish har doim ham oson emas, lekin umuman, u undosh bilan tugagan bo'lsa yoki harf birikmalarida bo'lsa. - yosh, -au, -é, -ège, éme, yoki -isme / -haqiqatyoki xorijiy (xususan inglizcha) qarz so'zi bo'lsa, bu erkaklarcha bo'lishi mumkin. Boshqa tomondan, agar ism ot bilan tugasa -ace, - balans / - shunday, -ee, -ele / -erre / - ha / -et, -ie, - yaxshi, -bir, - ko'taring, -qu, yoki -tion / sion, ehtimol bu ayolga tegishli. Istisnolar juda ko'p, ammo!

Yagona aniq artikl (ingliz tilidagi "the") har bir ismning jinsiga bog'liq: le (m), la (uchun l ' (jinsdan qat'i nazar, unli bilan boshlanadigan va ayrimlari "h" bilan boshlanadigan barcha birlik ismlardan oldin). Ikkala jins uchun ko'plik aniq artikli lez. Shunday qilib:

• le garçon - bola → les garçons - o'g'il bolalar
• la fille - qiz → les filles - qizlar
• l'homme - erkak → les hommes - erkaklar

Yagona noaniq maqola (ingliz tilida "a" va "an") ham ismning jinsiga mos keladi: un erkaklar uchun va une ayol uchun. Ingliz tilidan farqli o'laroq, frantsuz tilida ko'plik noaniq artikl mavjud - des, ikkala jins uchun ham ishlaydi - va uchta qismli maqolalar – du (m), de la (f) va de l ' (unli harflardan oldin va "h" harfining ba'zi bir misollari), hisoblanmaydigan otlardan oldin. Shunday qilib:

• un homme - erkak → des hommes - erkaklar
• une femme - ayol → des femmes - ayollar
• du vin - sharob
• de la confiture - murabbo
• de l'au - suv

Xuddi shunday, uchinchi shaxs olmoshlari shuningdek mavzuning grammatik jinsiga bog'liq: il (m - u yoki u) yoki elle (f - u yoki u), bilan ils va ellar navbati bilan erkak va ayol ko'plik (ular). Aralash jinsdagi odamlar yoki narsalar guruhi mavjud bo'lganda, ils har doim ishlatiladi.

Fe'llar

Boshqa ko'plab romantik tillarga o'xshash tarzda, frantsuzcha fe'llar barchasi ikkalasida ham tugaydi -er, -ir, yoki -re ularning infinitiv shakllarida, masalan ekater (tinglash), nozik (tugatish uchun) va vendre (sotmoq). Frantsuz tilidagi fe'llar birlashtirmoq zamon, kayfiyat, tomon va ovozga qarab turlicha. Bu shuni anglatadiki, frantsuzcha fe'llar uchun inglizcha fe'llarga qaraganda ko'proq konjugatsiyalar mavjud va har bir fe'lni turli xil stsenariylarda qanday qilib konjugatsiya qilishni o'rganish ingliz tilida so'zlashuvchilar uchun qiyin bo'lishi mumkin. Yaxshiyamki, siz uchun fe'llarning aksariyati muntazam konjugatsiya uslubiga amal qiladi. Hozirgi zamonda uyg'unlashgan odatiy fe'llarning uchta misoli, ular boshqa barcha hozirgi zamon fe'llari uchun namuna bo'lishi mumkin:

Ba'zi fe'llar tartibsiz, ya'ni konjuge qilinganida ular turli xil ildizlardan foydalanadilar. Yaxshi yangilik shundaki, tartibsiz fe'llar ozchilikni tashkil qiladi. Yomon yangilik shundaki, deyarli barcha eng foydali kundalik fe'llar tartibsizdir; Agar siz ulardan samarali foydalanmoqchi bo'lsangiz, ularning konjugatsiyasini alohida o'rganishingiz kerak bo'ladi: allergiya (bormoq), venir (kelmoq), ovoz (ko'rish uchun), peri (qilmoq), akter (Sotib olmoq), oxur (yemoq), boire (ichish), sortir (chiqish), yotoqxona (uxlamoq), puvoir (qodir bo'lish) va vuolir (xohlamoq). Ularning eng yomoni, ehtimol être (bo'lishi) va avoir (to have), kundalik aloqa uchun eng keng tarqalgan fe'llar. Mana, har birining hozirgi zamon birikmalari:

Agar siz grammatikani yomon ko'rsangiz, eklerlarni o'ylab ko'ring. Ekler, aytmoqchi, erkak ism.

Rasmiy va norasmiy nutq

Frantsuz tilida inglizcha so'zning ikkita ekvivalenti mavjud "sen". Siz yaxshi bilgan bir kishiga, masalan, oila a'zosi yoki do'stiga murojaat qilganda, shuningdek, har qanday vaqtda bitta bola yoki bitta hayvon bilan gaplashganda, ishlatadigan so'z bo'ladi tu. In barchasi boshqa holatlar, shu jumladan kimligidan qat'i nazar, bir guruh odamlarga murojaat qilishda, ishlatadigan so'z bo'ladi vous. Bu shuni anglatadiki, amalda siz sayohatchilar va yangi boshlagan frantsuz notiqlari sifatida ko'pincha siz foydalanasiz vous. Uy hayvonlari itiga murojaat qilishda farqni bilish juda muhimdir vous formasi yordamida shunchaki kulgi ko'tarilishi mumkin tu siz yaqinda tanishgan odam bilan noo'rin va siz murojaat qilgan kishini xafa qilishi mumkin. Dastlab vous shakl, odam sizga aytishi mumkin "On peut se tutoyer"; bu sizni ishlatish uchun xushmuomalalik taklifnomasi tu ular bilan shakl.

Odatiy sarlavha erkakka murojaat qilishda ishlatiladi monsier, ayolga murojaat qilishlari mumkin edi xonim. Mademoiselle an'anaviy ravishda yosh, turmushga chiqmagan ayollarga murojaat qilish uchun ishlatilgan, ammo hozirda bu munozarali va tortishuvsiz sexist bo'lib qoldi, shuning uchun agar boshqa kishi sizga boshqacha aytmasa, sukut bo'yicha eng yaxshisi xonim. Tegishli ko'plik messiers va mesdames, shuning uchun "xonimlar va janoblar" ning frantsuzcha ekvivalenti "mesdames va messieurs", garchi ko'pincha nutqda bu"messieurs-dames".

Talaffuz

Frantsuz tilini ko'pincha "Moliyer tili" deb atashadi. Parijlik dramaturg o'z shahri meriyasida tosh bilan nishonlanadi.

Frantsuz imlosi unchalik fonetik emas. Ikki xil so'zda ishlatiladigan bitta harf ikki xil tovush chiqarishi mumkin va ko'p harflar umuman talaffuz qilinmaydi. Yaxshi yangilik shundaki, frantsuz tilida odatda ingliz tiliga qaraganda muntazam talaffuz qoidalari mavjud. Bu shuni anglatadiki, etarli amaliyot bilan, yozma frantsuz tilini umuman to'g'ri talaffuz qilish mumkin. Biroq, ko'p sonli gomofonlar va jim harflar shundan kelib chiqadiki, frantsuz tilida so'zlashuvni yozishga urinish ko'pincha, hatto ona tilida so'zlashuvchilar uchun ham imlo xatolariga olib keladi. Ba'zi qoidalar quyidagicha:

• Stress frantsuz tilida ham juda yaxshi, ammo stress deyarli har doim oxirgi bo'g'inga to'g'ri keladi. Stress avvalgi bo'g'inga tushgan so'zlarda, ba'zi bir so'zlarning kesilgan yoki "yutib yuborilgan" ohangini yoki ovozini eshitish odatiy holdir. Masalan, Mumkin kabi eshitilishi mumkin imkoniyat-EEB va madhiya kabi eshitilishi mumkin eem. Bu, ayniqsa, Kvebekda seziladi, ammo boshqa aksanlarda ham mavjud.

• The yakuniy undosh so'zning c, f, l, q va r tashqari, odatda jim turadi. Shunday qilib, allez (go) talaffuz qilinadi al-AY, emas al-AYZ; kech (kech) talaffuz qilinadi smola, emas kech.

• Agar keyingi so'z unli bilan boshlanadigan bo'lsa, undosh talaffuz qilinishi mumkin; bu deyiladi aloqa. Masalan, allez-y (≈ oldinga / off siz borasiz), talaffuz qilinadi al-ay-ZEE, esa mes amis (mening do'stlarim) talaffuz qilinadi MEZ-ah-MEE .

• A yakuniy e agar so'z bir nechta hecaga ega bo'lsa, janubiy Frantsiya qismlaridan tashqari va qo'shiq aytganda yoki she'r aytganda, u schwa yoki é tovushi sifatida ko'rinishi mumkin bo'lsa, odatda jim turadi (qarang. quyida).

Bilasizmi? Siz o'qigan ushbu "qoidalar" talaffuzida bir tonna bor istisnolar! Masalan, oxirgi r talaffuz qilinishi qoidasi odatda fe'l infinitivlarida uchraydigan "-er" birikmasida haqiqiy emas; bu harf birikmasi talaffuz qilinadi ay. Fe'llar uchun "-ent" sonining ko'pligi, boshqa so'zlar bilan paydo bo'lganda talaffuz qilinishiga qaramay, jim turadi (t dan tashqari, aloqa holatlarida). Ba'zan, so'zning oxirgi undoshini talaffuz qilish uning grammatik vazifasi bilan belgilanadi; masalan, oxirgi "lar" in bizga (all) sifat sifatida ishlatilganda jim turadi, lekin olmosh sifatida ishlatilganda talaffuz qilinadi, kabi ismlarda oxirgi "f" kerf (kiyik) va yaxshi (tuxum) birlik shaklida, lekin ko'plik shaklida (kerflar, œuflar) "f" va "s" ikkalasi ham jim.

Yakuniy ogohlantirish: ko'plab frantsuzcha so'zlar uchun ingliz tilida so'zlashuvchi frantsuzcha "mukammal" talaffuziga ziyon etkazmasdan osongina o'qiy oladigan va ko'paytiradigan narsalarni yozib bo'lmaydi. Bu shuni anglatadiki aynan shu so'zlashuv kitobidagi talaffuz qo'llanmalari talqin qilish uchun ochiq! Har bir ibora bilan keltirilgan transliteratsiyadan qo'llanma sifatida foydalaning aloqa, lekin unli va undoshlarni to'g'ri talaffuz qilish uchun quyidagi harflar ro'yxatiga murojaat qiling.

Unlilar

Frantsuz tilidagi unlilar bo'lishi mumkin aksent belgilariodatda talaffuzga sezilarli ta'sir ko'rsatmaydi, lekin ular ko'pincha yozma ravishda gomofonlarni ajratib turadi (ou, "yoki", va degan ma'noni anglatadi où, "qaerda" degan ma'noni anglatadi, bir xil talaffuz qilinadi). Talaffuzga ta'sir qiladigan yagona muhim narsa é, è va ê deb nomlanadi e accent aigu, e accent graveva e accent circonflexenavbati bilan. Qabr va sirkumfleks urg'ulari boshqa harflarda paydo bo'lganda bir xil nomga ega, umlaut (ë, ï, ü) esa e / i / u tréma.

a, à, â

f kabia(AQSh ingliz tili) yoki vat (Buyuk Britaniya ingliz tili); (IPA:a). Kvebek tilida frantsuz tilida, ba'zida Buyuk Britaniyaning n talaffuzidagi kabi "aw" ga o'xshashot (IPA:ɔ)

e

aksariyat hollarda markaziy neytral unli ("schwa") ajang (IPA:ə), ba'zan "é" yoki "è" kabi. So'z oxirida, odatda, umuman aytilmaydi

é, ai, -er, -es, -ez, -et

d ga o'xshashay lekin qisqaroq (IPA:e)

è, ê

s kabi ochiqroqet (IPA:ɛ). Ba'zan Kvebekda frantsuz tilida (IPA:ɛɪ̯)

men, î

s kabiee, lekin qisqaroq va qisqaroq (IPA:men)

o, ô, au, eau

odatda b kabioat (IPA:o)

u, ù

juda qattiq, frontal "oo" ovozi singari (lablaringizni "yaqin orada" bo'lgani kabi "oo" degandek tozalang, lekin tilingizni "ee" deb aytishga harakat qiling) - (IPA:y), uu transkriptlarda, nemischa ü ga o'xshash. Ba'zan Kvebek tilida "eu" ga o'xshashroq talaffuz qilinadi

ou

f kabiood, lekin yumaloq (IPA:siz)

y

s kabi undoshlardan keyin kelganee (IPA:men). Undan keyin boshqa unli kelganda, u undosh sifatida ishlatiladi, talaffuz qilinadi yes (IPA:j)

yi

d o'rtasidaqo'y va bsizrp (IPA:ø); sifatida yozilgan yi transkripsiyada

Ko'plab sobiq mustamlakachilarning nomlari singari, Uagadugu frantsuzcha imlo konvensiyasini afrikalik so'zlar bilan aralashtiradi

Yarim unlilar

oi

kabi nima?m (IPA:wa), yoki undan keyin burun ko'proq o'xshash bo'lsa bizt (IPA:wɛ̃). Kvebekda frantsuzcha, ba'zan th kabikattat (IPA:ɔ)

oui

kabi vayk (IPA:wi)

ui

kabi vayk, lekin w o'rniga frantsuzcha u bilan (IPA:ɥi)

œ

biroz o'xshash yi, lekin ochiqroq (IPA:œ). Orasidagi farq œ (deb nomlangan o 'entrelacés) va yi juda nozik va ko'pincha ahamiyatsiz.

Undoshlar

b

kabi boy (IPA:b)

v

s kabivam ("a", "o" va "u" dan oldin yoki undoshdan oldin; IPA:k), no'xat kabive, lekin tilning tishlarga tegishi bilan talaffuz qilinadi ("e", "i" va "y" dan oldin; IPA:s̪)

ç

ning ikkinchi talaffuzi kabi v. "Cedilla" deb nomlangan ushbu xat (cédille), faqat "a", "o" yoki "u" dan oldin yozilishi mumkin

ch

kabi ship (IPA:ʃ); ba'zan k kabi (asosan yunoncha kelib chiqishi so'zlarida)

d

kabi do lekin til tishlarga tegishi bilan talaffuz qilinadi (IPA:d̪). Kvebekda, "i" yoki "y" dan oldin "dz" yoki "ds" kabi

dj

kabi jump (IPA:d͡ʒ)

f

kabi fichida (IPA:f)

g

kabi go ("a", "o" va "u" dan oldin yoki undoshdan oldin; IPA:ɡ), sabota kabige ("e", "i" va "y" dan oldin; IPA:ʒ)

gu

g ning birinchi talaffuzi kabi ("e", "i", "y" dan oldin); agar u talaffuz qilinishi kerak bo'lsa, u diarez bilan yoziladi (masalan. aigüe)

gn

biroz o'xshash canykuni (IPA:ɲ). Keyinchalik, bu juda qiyin oi, kabi baignoire (beh-NYWAR) "küvet".

h

jim, lekin ba'zan oldini olish mumkin a aloqa oldingi so'z bilan (bu an deb nomlanadi h intilish)

j

g ning ikkinchi talaffuzi kabi

k

s kabiku (faqat qarz so'zlari uchun ishlatiladi, lekin Alsatian va Breton plasenamelarida keng tarqalgan; IPA:k)

l, ll

inglizlar singari engil L (balandroq, tishsiz) lkech (IPA:l); "ille" birikmasidagi "ll" uchun ba'zi istisnolar (ee-yuh deb talaffuz qilinadi, IPA:j)

m

kabi mbirinchi (IPA:m)

n

til bilan tishlarga tegishi bilan talaffuz qilinadi (IPA:n̪), unli kabi talaffuz qilingandan keyingina unli kelganidan keyingina nose (IPA:n). Qarang Nasals quyida}}

p

s kabipichida (IPA:p)

ph

f kabi

pn

kabipnea (IPA:pn)

ps

Sli kabips (IPA:ps)

q (u)

ko'pincha k, shunga o'xshash qufaqat qarz so'zlarida

r

guttural r, tomoqning orqa qismida (IPA:ʁ)

s

odatda c ning ikkinchi talaffuzi kabi; kabi z ikki unli orasida bo'lsa (agar ikki barobar ko'paymasa) yoki aloqada

t, th

s kabitkasal, lekin til tishlarga tegishi bilan talaffuz qilinadi (IPA:t̪); Kvebekda, masalan, cats (IPA:t͡s) qachon "i" yoki "y" dan oldin; c ning ikkinchi talaffuzi kabi tion

tch

choy kabich (IPA:t͡ʃ)

v

kabi very (IPA:v)

w

faqat xorijiy so'zlarda, asosan yoqadi wkasal (IPA:w) va ba'zan v kabi (xususan, "vagon" "vagon" va "WC" "VC" dir!)

x

yoki ks, gz yoki s

z

kabi zoo lekin til tishlarga tegishi bilan talaffuz qilinadi (IPA:z̪)

Filmdagi sahnani eslang Uyda yolg'iz bu erda Kevinning singlisi unga mazax qilib "sen frantsuzlar chaqirgan narsasan les uncétents"Garchi grammatik natsistlar birlik mavzusiga murojaat qilish uchun ballni ko'plikda ajratib olishlari mumkin bo'lsa-da, har qanday fonist sizga frantsuz nazli unli tovushini juda past bosganini aytadi.

Nasals

an, en, em

burun a (IPA:ɑ̃). Har doim burun kabi talaffuz qilinmaydi, ayniqsa n yoki m ikki baravar ko'paytirilsa: emmental odatdagi "emm" tovushi sifatida talaffuz qilinadi

kuni

burun o (IPA:ɔ̃) - buni "an" bilan farqlash juda hiyla-nayrang, u yanada chuqurroq va yopiq tovushdir

yilda, ay

burun è (IPA:ɛ̃)

un

burun evro (IPA:œ̃). Shimoliy Frantsiyada va ayniqsa Parij atrofida "in" bilan bir xil talaffuz qilindi (IPA:ɛ̃)

oin

burun "wè" (IPA:wɛ̃)

Diftonlar

aï, ail

inglizcha olmosh kabi Men (IPA:aj)

oy, éi

é va men birlashtirildi (IPA:ɛ.i)

kasal

yoki so'zma-so'z, yoki "uch yil" ichida "y" kabi, ba'zi istisnolardan tashqari (ville bu kiyim, fille bu fiy)

Kvebek frantsuzlarida ba'zan vestigial diftonglar mavjud bo'lib, u erda Frantsiyadan frantsuzlar endi ishlamaydi. Masalan, parijlik bu so'zni talaffuz qilar ekan maître kabi MET-ruh, Québécois uni ko'proq o'xshash talaffuz qiladi MUMKIN-ruh.

Istisnolar

• Agar "e" da aksent belgisi bo'lsa, u diftonglarni oldini oladi. Harflar talaffuz qilingan harf qoidasiga rioya qilgan holda alohida talaffuz qilinishi kerak. Misol: reyonion (uchrashuv).
• Diyerezis (trema), shuningdek, "e", "u" va "i" diftonlarini oldini olish uchun ishlatilishi mumkin. Misol: mais (Hind makkajo'xori yoki makkajo'xori).
• "Geo" kombinatsiyasida (xuddi shunday) kabutar yoki burjua), "e" ni talaffuz qilmaslik kerak, chunki u erda faqat yumshoq "g" ni talaffuz qilishga majbur qilish kerak (IPA:ʒ). E o'tkir aksent bilan belgilanganda (kabi.) geologie) odatdagi tarzda talaffuz qilinadi.

Frantsuzning xalqaro navlari

"Levez le pied, il y a des enfants qui jouent ici!" - Oyog'ingizni ko'taring [gaz pedalidan], bu erda bolalar o'ynaydi! (Gvadelupa Kreol)

Uning kattaligi uchun, Frantsiya lingvistik jihatdan juda xilma-xil mamlakat. Frantsuz tilidan juda aniq ajralib turadigan tillardan tashqari (masalan. Bask va Breton), mahalliylarning barchasi o'ldirilgan parlerlar (masalan, Angevin, Lorrain, Norman, Picard, Savoyard ...), bular frantsuz tiliga juda o'xshashdir, ular kimdan so'rasangiz ham, ularni o'zlariga xos tillar yoki oddiy lahjalar deb hisoblash mumkin (patois) ona tilidan. Ushbu mahalliy tillar / lahjalar, shuningdek, g'aroyib unli tovushlardan tortib to uzoq janubdagi "qo'shiq" talaffuziga qadar o'z mintaqalarida standart frantsuz tilining urg'usiga ta'sir qiladi.

Belgiya va Shveytsariyada gaplashadigan frantsuz navlari Frantsiyadagi frantsuz tilidan biroz farq qiladi, ammo ular o'zaro tushunarli bo'lishi uchun etarlicha o'xshashdir. Xususan, frantsuz tilida so'zlashadigan raqamlash tizimi Belgiya va Shveytsariya Frantsiyada gaplashadigan frantsuz tilidan farq qiladigan ba'zi bir oz o'ziga xos xususiyatlarga ega va ba'zi so'zlarning talaffuzi biroz boshqacha. Shunga qaramay, barcha frantsuz tilida so'zlashadigan belgiyaliklar va shveytsariyaliklar maktabda standart fransuz tilini o'rgangan bo'lar edilar, shuning uchun siz standart frantsuz raqamlash tizimidan foydalansangiz ham ular sizni tushunishlari mumkin edi.

Evropa va Kanadadan tashqari (pastga qarang), ko'plab frantsuz tilida so'zlashadigan mintaqalar mahalliy tillarning so'zlarini o'z ichiga olgan va ba'zida o'ziga xos lahjalar yoki tillar sifatida shakllangan. kreollar. Frantsuzda joylashgan kreollar bugungi kunda keng foydalanish va ko'pincha rasmiy maqomga ega Seyshel orollari, Mavrikiy, Yangi Kaledoniya, Gaiti (qarang Gaiti kreoli), Reunionva Antil orolidagi Frantsiyaning chet eldagi hududlari. Sifatida tanilgan frantsuz lahjasi Luiziana Frantsuz yoki Kajun, bu Nyu-Brunsvikning ba'zi joylarida gapiradigan akadiyalik frantsuzlarga o'xshaydi va "Luiziana Kreol" deb nomlanuvchi frantsuzcha asoslangan alohida kreol ikkalasi ham AQShning janubiy shtatining ba'zi aholisi tomonidan hali ham gaplashmoqda. Yangi Angliya Kanada chegarasi yaqinida Québécois bilan ko'p o'xshashliklarga ega bo'lgan "New England French" deb nomlanuvchi lahjada so'zlashuvchilar yashaydi.

Kanada

Shuningdek qarang: Kvebek # Talk

Kvebekda va Frantsiyada gaplashadigan frantsuz tillari orasida juda ko'p fonologik va leksik farqlar mavjud. Kvebek 18- va 19-asrlarda ko'plab frantsuzcha so'zlarni saqlab qoldi, Frantsiyada esa til rivojlanib ketdi, shuningdek zamonaviy davrda ko'plab inglizcha so'zlarni o'z ichiga oldi. Boshqa tomondan, Québécois 19-asrning o'zidayoq anglofon qo'shnilaridan inglizcha atamalarni o'zlashtirgan, ammo 1960-yillarda "sokin inqilob" va Kvebek suverenitet harakati boshlanishi ingliz tilida ingliz tilidan foydalanish va ta'sirini qat'iy cheklagan qonunlarga olib keldi. jamoat sohasi, natijada etimologik jihatdan Kvebek fransuzi Frantsiyadagi so'zlashuvga qaraganda ko'p jihatdan "frantsuzcha". Masalan, polkovnik Sanders tomonidan asos solingan tez ovqatlanish restoranlari tarmog'i AQShda ham, Frantsiyada ham "Kentukki qovurilgan tovuqi" yoki qisqacha KFC nomi bilan tanilgan, ammo Kvebekda u shunday tanilgan Poulet Frit Kentukki (PFK) so'nggi savdo nuqtasi 2019 yilda yopilgunga qadar.

Québécois va standart frantsuz tillari o'rtasida farq qiluvchi kundalik so'zlarning ayrim namunalari:

Kanadaning boshqa provintsiyalarining har birida frankofon aholisi bor, ular Québécois emas. Ushbu guruhlarning ba'zilari yuzlab yillar davomida joylashib kelgan. Acadian frantsuz nomi bilan tanilgan frantsuz tilining yana bir alohida shevasi, odatda, ba'zi qismlarda gaplashadi Nyu-Brunsvik, Yangi Shotlandiya va shahzoda Eduard orolida aholisi kamroq. Ushbu odamlarning aksariyati inglizlar tomonidan Frantsiya va Hindiston urushi paytida haydab chiqarilgan va joylashtirilgan Luiziana, bu erda ular keyinchalik Cajuns nomi bilan mashhur bo'lishgan.

Shunga qaramay, barcha frankofon kanadaliklar, shu jumladan Québécois, maktabda standart fransuz tilini o'rganishadi va bu ikki nav o'rtasidagi farqlarning aksariyati norasmiy nutq bilan cheklangan. Bu shuni anglatadiki, mahalliy aholi o'rtasidagi suhbatni tushunmasangiz ham, agar kerak bo'lsa, ular siz bilan standart frantsuz tilida suhbatlasha olishadi.

Monrealda to'xtash belgisi

So'zlar ro'yxati

Asoslari

Salom. (rasmiy)

Bonjur. (bawn-ZHOOR) (kun ichida) / Bonsoir. (bawn-SWAHR) (tunda)

Salom. (norasmiy)

Salom. (sah-LUU)

Qalaysiz? (rasmiy)

Sharh allez-vous? (koh-moh t-AH-lay VOO)

Qalaysiz? (norasmiy)

Sharh vas-tu? (koh-mahng va TUU); Sharh ça va? (koh-moh sah VAH)

Yaxshi rahmat.

Bien, rahmat. (byang, merr-SEE)

Ismingiz nima?

Sharh vous appelez-vous? (koh-moh vooz AHP-lay VOO?); yoqilgan "O'zingizni qanday chaqirasiz?"

Ismingiz nima? (norasmiy)

Izoh t'appelles-tu? (koh-moh tah-pell TOO?)

Mening ismim ______ .

Je m'appelle ______. (zhuh mah-PELL _____)

Tanishganimdan xursandman.

Sehrgar (e). (ahn-shan-TAY)

Iltimos. (rasmiy)

S'il vous plaît. (sele voo PLEH); Je vous prie. (zhuh voo PREE)

Iltimos. (norasmiy)

S'il te plaît. (sele tuh PLEH)

Rahmat.

Merci. (yaxshi ko'ring)

Salomat bo'ling.

De Rien. (duh RYEHNG); Je vous en prie. (zhuh voo-zahn PREE) (ko'proq odobli)

Ha.

Oui. (WEE)

Yo'q

Yo'q. (YO'Q)

Kechirasiz.

Kechirasiz. (pahr-DOHN); Kechirasiz-moi. (ehk-SKEW-zay MWAH)

(Meni kechiring.

(Je suis) Désolé (e). (zhuh swee DAY-zoh-LAY); Kechirasiz. (zhuh mehk-SKEWZ)

Xayr. Salomat bo'ling

Au revoir. (oh ruh-VWAHR)

Xayr (norasmiy)

Salom. (sah-LUU)

Men frantsuzcha gapira olmayman [yaxshi].

Je ne parle pas [bien] français. (zhuh nuh PAHRL pah [byang] frahn-SEH )

Siz inglizcha gapirasizmi?

Parlez-vous anglais? (par-lay VOO ahng-LEH?)

Bu erda ingliz tilini biladigan odam bormi?

Est-ce qu'il y a quelqu'un ici qui parle anglais? (ess keel-ee-AH kel-KUHN ee-see kee PAHRL ahng-LEH) / Y a-t-il quelqu'un ici qui parle anglais? (ee yah-TEEL kel-KUHN ee-see kee PAHRL ahng-LEH)

Yordam bering!

Au sekurs! (oh suh-KOOR)

Hushyor bo'ling!

Diqqat ! (ah-tahn-SYONG)

Xayrli kun / xayrli tong

Bonjur (bong̠-ZHOO (R))

Hayrli kun

Bonne journée (bon zhoor-NAY)

Hayrli kech.

Bonsoir. (bong-SWAHR)

Hayrli tun. (kechqurun oxirida)

Bonne soirée (bon swahr-RAY)

Hayrli tun. (yotish paytida)

Bonne yo'q. (bon NWEE)

Shirin tushlar

Faites de beaux rêves (FEHT duh bo REV)

Tushunmayapman.

Je ne comp pasends pas. (zhuh nuh KOHM-prahn pah)

Bilmadim.

Je ne sais pas. (zhuh nuh pah)

Men qila olmayman.

Je ne peux (pas). (zhuh nuh puh pah)

Xojathona qayerda?

Où sont les toilettes? (OOH sohn leh twah-LET?)

Nima u?

Qu'est-ce que c'est? (KES-KUH-SAY)

Qanday qilib frantsuz tilida / ingliz tilida _____ deysiz?

_____ uz français / uz anglais-ga sharh bering? (koh-moh dee-TONG _____ ahn frahn-SEH / ahn ahng-LEH?)

Bu nima deyiladi?

Sharh appelle-t-on ça? (koh-moh ah-pell-TONG SAH?)

Bu qanday yozilgan?

Sharh ça s'écrit? (koh-moh sah SAY-cree?)

Muammolar

Meni tinch qo'y.

Laissez-moi tinchligi! (mwah trahn-KEEL-ni ayt!)

Buzz o'chirildi.

Dege! (kun-GAHZH!) / Va-t'en! (va TAHN)

Menga tegmang!

Ne me touchhez pas! (nuh muh TOOSH-ay PAH!)

Men politsiyani chaqiraman.

Je vais appeler la politsiya. (zhuh VAYZ a-pell-AY la poh-LEES)

Politsiya!

Politsiya! (poh-LEES)

To'xta! O'g'ri!

Arrets! Au voleur! (ah-reh-TAY! oh vo-LEUR!)

To'xta! Zo'rlovchi!

Arrets! Au vio! (ah-reh-TAY! oh vee-YOL!)

Yordam bering!

Au sekurs! (oh suh-KOOR!)

Yong'in!

Au feu! (oh FEUH!)

Iltimos, menga yordam bering!

Aidez-moi, s'il vous plaît! (aih-day MWAH, SEEL voo PLEH!)

Bu favqulodda.

Tez yordam! (seh toor-ZHAHN)

Yo'qolib Qoldim.

Je me suis perdu (e). (ZHUH muh swee pehr-DUU)

Men sumkamni yo'qotib qo'ydim.

J'ai perdu mon sac. (zhay pehr-DUU mon SAK)

Men hamyonimni yo'qotib qo'ydim.

J'ai perdu mon portefeuille. (zhay pehr-DUU mon POHR-tuh-fuhye)

Mening narsalarim o'g'irlangan.

M'a volé mes ishlarida. (o (n) ma vo-LAY may-zaf-FAIR)

Kimdir / Bu erkak / Bu ayol meni bezovta qilmoqda

Quelqu'un / Cet homme / Cette femme me harcèle (kel-ku (n) / set om / set fam muh ar-SELL)

Men kasalman.

Je suis malade. (zhuh swee mah-LAHD)

Men jarohat oldim.

Je me suis blessé. (zhuh muh swee bleh-SAY)

Meni it tishladi.

Je me suis fait mordre par un chien. (zhuh muh swee fay MOR-druh par u (n) shee-AH (N))

Menga shifokor kerak.

J'ai besoin d'un médecin. (zhay buh-ZWAHN duun may-TSAN)

Telefoningizdan foydalansam bo'ladimi?

Puis-je utiliser votre téléphone? (PWEEZH oo-tee-lee-ZAY vot-ruh tay-lay-FUN)

Tez yordam chaqiring.

Appelez une tez yordam. (ah-puh-lay uun OM-boo-lo (n) ss)

O't o'chiruvchilarni chaqiring.

Appelez les pompiers. (ah-puh-lay lay pom-PEE-ay)

Politsiyani chaqiring.

Appelez la politsiyasi. (ah-puh-lay la poh-LEES)

Sohil qo'riqchisini chaqiring.

Appelez les gardes-côtes. (ah-puh-lay yotgan yotoqxona)

Raqamlar

Reunion

Ingliz tilidan farqli o'laroq, frantsuz tilida uzoq o'lchov ishlatiladi, shuning uchun milliard va trillion inglizcha "bir milliard" va "bir trillion" bilan bir xil emas.

0

zero (zairro)

1

un / une (uhn)/(uun)

2

deux (deu)

3

trois (truva)

4

quatre (kahtr)

5

cinq (cho‘kib ketdi)

6

olti (ko'radi)

7

sept (o'rnatilgan)

8

huit (weet)

9

neuf (neuf)

10

dix (déece)

11

onze (onz)

12

douze (dooz)

13

treze (laganda)

14

quatorze (kat-ORZ)

15

kinza (khnz)

16

tortib olish (deydi)

17

dix-sept (dee-SET)

18

dix-huit (dee-ZWEET)

19

dix-neuf (deez-NUF)

20

vingt (vihnt)

21

vingt-et-un (vihng-tay-UHN)

22

vingt-deux (vihn-teu-DEU)

23

vingt-trois (vin-teu-TRWAH)

30

trente (trahnt)

40

karantin (kar-AHNT)

50

cinquante (sankt-AHNT)

60

soixante (swah-SAHNT)

70

soixante-dix (swah-sahnt-DEES) yoki septant (sep-TAHNGT) Belgiya va Shveytsariyada

80

kvater-vinglar (kaht-ruh-VIHN); gitarachi (weet-AHNT) Belgiya va Shveytsariyada (Jenevadan tashqari); oktante (okt-AHNT) Shveytsariyada

90

quatre-vingt-dix (katr-vihn-DEES); nonante (no-NAHNT) Belgiya va Shveytsariyada

100

sent (sahn)

200

deux sent (deu sahng)

300

trois sent (trrwa sahng)

Markaziy Afrikaning bir qancha mamlakatlarida ishlatiladigan Cinq sent franki

1000

mil (meel)

2000

deux mille (deu meel)

1,000,000

million (ung mee-LYOHN) (yolg'iz qolganda ism sifatida qaraladi: million evro bo'ladi un million d'euros).

1,000,000,000

un milliard

1,000,000,000,000

milliard

raqam _____ (poezd, avtobus va boshqalar.)

raqam _____ (nuu-may-ROH)

yarmi

demi (duh-MEE), moitié (mwah-tee-AY)

Ozroq

moins (mwihn)

Ko'proq

ortiqcha (pluus) / endi yo'q: ortiqcha (pluu) shuning uchun bu safar "S" tovushsiz

Vaqt

Versal saroyiga kiraverishda haykal

hozir

asosiy (mant-NAHN)

oldinroq

ortiqcha tôt (pluu to)

keyinroq

ortiqcha (pluu TAHR)

oldin

avant (ah-VAHN)

keyin

après (ah-PREH)

ertalab

le matin (luh mah-TAN)

ertalabda

dans la matinée (dahn lah mah-tee-YO'Q)

peshindan keyin

l'après-midi (lah-preh-mee-DEE)

tushdan keyin

dans l'après-midi (dahn lah-preh-mee-DEE)

oqshom

le soir (luh SWAHR)

kechqurun

dans la soirée (dahn lah swah-RAY)

kecha

la nuit (lah NWEE)

tunda

pendant la nuit (pehndahn lah NWEE)

Soat vaqti

Frantsuz tilida so'zlashuvchilar ko'pincha Kvebekda ham 24 soatlik soatdan foydalanadilar (aksariyat boshqa kanadaliklar 12 soatlik soatdan foydalanadilar). Evropada 'h' Kvebek va ingliz tilida so'zlashadigan mamlakatlarda qo'llaniladigan yo'g'on ichakdan farqli o'laroq soat va minut o'rtasida ajratuvchi sifatida ishlatiladi. Shuning uchun yarim tunda shunday yoziladi 0 soat, 1AM sifatida 1 soat, va 1PM sifatida 13 soat; quyida batafsil ma'lumot va misollar. Biroq, 12 soatlik soat nutqda ba'zi o'zgarishlarni keltirib chiqarmoqda va tushdan keyin yoki kechqurun 1-11 so'zlari tushuniladi.

Soat qancha?

Quelle heure est-il? (kel euhr et-EEL?);

soat

heure (Yevro)

daqiqa

daqiqa (mee-NUUT)

Soatdan 1 daqiqadan 30 minutgacha

[soat] [daqiqa soni]

Misol: 10:20 yoki "o'n o'n yigirma" = 10h20; "dix heures vingt" (deez eur va (n))

Soatdan o'tgan 31 daqiqadan 59 minutgacha

[keyingi soat] moins (mwa (n))

Misol: 10:40 yoki "yigirma o'n bir" = 10h40; "onze heures moins vingt" (onz eur mwa (n) va (n))

chorak o'tgan

[soat] va kvartal (ay qahr)

Misol: 07:15 yoki "etti chorakdan keyin" = 7h15; "sept heures et quart" (eur eh kahrni o'rnatdi)

chorakgacha

[soat] moins le quart (mwa (n) luh kahr)

Misol: 16:45 yoki "to'rtdan beshgacha" = 16h45; "dix sept heures moins le quart" (de-set eur mwan luh kahr)

yarim o'tdi

et demie (eh-MEE); et demi (yarim tundan 12 yoki tushdan keyin, eh-MEE)

Misol: 10:30 yoki "o'n yarim" = 10h30; "dix heures et demie" (deez eur eh duh-MEE)

Misol: 12:30 yoki "o'n ikki yarim" = 12h30; "douze heures et demi" (dooz eur eh duh-MEE)

01:00, 01:00

1 soat; une heure du matin (uun eur duu ma-TAN)

2:00, 02:00

2 soat; deux heures du matin (dooz eur duu ma-TAN)

peshin, soat 12:00

12 soat; midi (mee-DEE)

13:00, 13:00

13 soat; xrize (traiyz er)

une heure de l'après-midi (uun eur duh la-preh-mee-DEE)

14:00, 14:00

14 soat; quatorze heures (KAH-torz er)

deux heures de l'après-midi (duz er duh la-preh-mee-DEE)

18:00, 18:00

18 soat; dix-huit heures (deez-weet ER)

six heures du soir (seez er duu SWAR)

19:30, 19:30

19h30; dix-neuf heures trente (DEE-znuf er TRAHNT)

sept heures et demie (O'RNATING eh duh-MEE)

yarim tunda, 0:00

0 soat; minuit (mee-NWEE)

Muddati

Abbay de Fontevraud

_____ daqiqa (lar)

_____ daqiqa (lar) (mee-NOOT)

_____ soat (lar)

_____ heure (lar) ()Yevro)

_____ kun (lar)

_____ jurnal (lar) (zhoor)

_____ hafta (lar)

_____ semeyn (lar) (suh-MEN)

_____ oy (lar)

_____ mois (mwa)

_____ yil (lar)

_____ an (lar) (ahng), année (lar) ()YO'Q)

soatiga

horaire (oh-RAIR)

har kuni

quotidien / quotidienne (ko-tee-DYAN / ko-tee-DYEN)

haftalik

hebdomadaire (eb-doh-ma-DAIYR)

oylik

mensuel / mensuelle (mang-suu-WEL)

mavsumiy

saisonnier / saisonnière (SEH-zon-ee-ay / SEH-zon-ee-air)

har yili

annuel / annuelle (ah-nuu-WEL)

Ta'tilingiz qancha davom etadi?

Combien de temps restez-vous en vakansiyalarmi? (com-bee-AN dong ton res-TAY voo on VAH-kons);

Men o'n kundan beri Frantsiyada bo'laman

Je reste en France pendant dix jurnallari. (zhuh fronlarda dam olish pon-don dee zhoor)

Sayohat qancha davom etadi?

Combien de temps le voyage dure-t-il? (com-bee-AN duh ton luh vwoi-YAHZH dyoor-TEEL)

Bu bir yarim soat davom etadi

Cela dure une heure et demie. (suh-LAH ​​dyoor uun er ay duh-MEE)

Kunlar

Bugun

aujourd'hui (oh-zhoor-DWEE)

kecha

iyer (yare)

ertaga

demain (duh-MAN)

bu hafta

cette semeyn (suh-MEN ni o'rnating)

o'tgan hafta

la semaine dernière (lah suh-MEN dehr-NYAIR)

Keyingi hafta

la semaine prochaine (lah suh-MEN pro-SHEN)

the weekend

le week-end (France) / la fin de semaine (Canada) (luh week-end / lah fah(n) duh suh-MEN)

French calendars normally start on Monday. Unlike in English, the names of days are not capitalised in French:

Dushanba

lundi (luhn-DEE)

Seshanba

mardi (mahr-DEE)

Chorshanba

mercredi (mehr-kruh-DEE)

Payshanba

jeudi (juh-DEE)

Juma

vendredi (vahn-druh-DEE)

Shanba

samedi (sahm-DEE)

yakshanba

dimanche (dee-MAHNSH)

Oylar

The revolutionary calendar isn't in use any longer, but inscriptions where it's been used can be seen here and there

Unlike English, the names of months are not capitalised in French:

Yanvar

janvier (ZHO(N)-vee-yeh)

fevral

février (FEH-vree-yeh)

Mart

mars (mars)

Aprel

avril (av-REEL)

May

mai (meh)

Iyun

juin (zh-WAH(N))

Iyul

juillet (zh-WEE-eh)

Avgust

août (oot)

Sentyabr

septembre (sep-TOMBR)

Oktyabr

octobre (oc-TOBR)

Noyabr

novembre (no-VOMBR)

Dekabr

décembre (deh-SOMBR)

Fasllar

bahor

le printemps (luh PRAH(N)-toh(m))

summer

l'été (LAY-tay)

autumn

l'automne (loh-TOMNUH)

winter

l'hiver (LEE-vair)

Bayramlar

France has many beaches, and they are popular destinations during les vacances d'été

Enjoy your holiday/vacation!

Bonnes vacances ! (bon vah-KOH(N)S)

Happy holidays! (festival)

Bonnes fêtes ! (bon fet)

Tug'ilgan kuning bilan!

Joyeux anniversaire ! (ZHWY-yeuz-AN-ee-vair-SAIR)

Yangi Yil muborak!

Bonne année ! (BON-a-NAY)

New Year's Day

le jour de l'an (luh zhoor duh lah(n))

Shrove Tuesday

le mardi gras (luh MAR-dee grah)

Pasxa

les Pâques (lay pak)

Passover

la Pâque juive / le Pessa'h (lah pak zh-WEEV / luh pess-AKH)

Ramadan

le Ramadan (luh RAH-mah-doh(n)) (the other Muslim festivals are also called by their Arabic names)

Saint-Jean-Baptiste Day (24 June, Quebec)

la Fête de la Saint-Jean-Baptiste (lah fet duh lah sa(n)-JOH(N)-bap-TEEST)

Bastille Day (14 July, France)

le Quatorze Juillet / la Fête Nationale (luh kat-ORZ zh-WEE-eh / lah fet nah-syon-NAL)

summer holidays

les vacances d'été (lay vah-KOH(N)S DAY-tay)

maktab ta'tillari

les vacances scolaires (lay vah-KOH(N)S skoh-LAIR)

beginning of the school year

la rentrée (lah roh(n)-TRAY)

All Saints' Day

la Toussaint (lah TOO-sahn)

Hanukkah

Hanoucca (ah-NOO-kah)

Rojdestvo

Noël (noh-EL)

Rojdestvo muborak!

Joyeux Noël ! (ZHWY-euh noh-EL!)

Colours

Like in other Romance languages, nouns in French are either "masculine" or "feminine"; adjectives vary accordingly.

For instance, a lady may be blonde yoki brunette while a gentleman with hair of the corresponding hue is sariq yoki brunet.

qora

noir/noire (nwahr)

oq

blanc/blanche (blahng/blahnsh)

grey

gris/grise (gree/greez)

qizil

rouge (roozh)

ko'k

bleu/bleue (bluh)

sariq

jaune (zhone)

yashil

vert/verte (verre/vehrt)

apelsin

orange (oh-RAHNZH)

siyohrang

violet/violette (vee-oh-LEH/vee-oh-LET)

jigarrang

brun/brune (bruh/bruhn); marron (MAH-rohn)

pink

rose (roz)

Sifatlar

Like in other Romance languages, nouns in French are either "masculine" or "feminine"; adjectives vary accordingly.

Yaxshi

Bon (m.) (bo(n)) / Bonne (f.) (bon)

Yomon

Mauvais (MO-vay) / Mauvaise (f.) (MO-vez)

Big

Grand (m.) (gro(n)) / Grande (f.) (grond)

Kichik

Petit (m.) (puh-TEE) / Petite (f.) (puh-TEET)

Issiq

Chaud (m.) (sho) / Chaude (f.) (shode)

The summit of Mont Blanc, at about 4800 m above sea level, is froid toute l'année

Sovuq

Froid (m.) (frwah) / Froide (f.) (frwahd)

Fast

Rapide / Vite (both genders) (rah-PEED / veet)

Slow

Lent (m.) (lo(n)) / Lente (f.) (lont)

Expensive

Cher (m.) (shair) / Chère (f.) (shairr)

Arzon

Bon marché (both genders) (bo(n) mar-SHAY)

Rich

Riche (both genders) (reesh)

Poor

Pauvre (both genders) (pov-ruh)

Transport

France's famous TGV (train à grande vitesse - high speed train) crossing the Ain river

Bus and Train

_____ chiptasi qancha?

Combien coûte le billet pour _____ ? (kom-BYAN koot luh bee-YEH poor)

_____ ga bitta chipta, iltimos.

Un billet pour _____, s'il vous plaît. (ung bee-YEH poor ____ seel voo pleh)

Ushbu poezd / avtobus qayerga boradi?

Où va ce train/bus ? (OO va suh trahn/boos?)

_____ gacha bo'lgan poezd / avtobus qayerda?

Où est le train/bus pour _____ ? (OO eh luh trahn/buus poor ____)

Bu poyezd / avtobus _____ yilda to'xtaydimi?

Ce train/bus s'arrête-t-il à _____ ? (suh trahn/buus sah-reh-tuh-TEEL ah _____)

_____ uchun poezd / avtobus qachon jo'nab ketadi?

Quand part le train/bus pour _____? (kahn par luh trahn/buus poor _____)

Ushbu poezd / avtobus qachon _____ ga etib keladi?

Quand ce train/bus arrivera à _____ ? (kahn suh trahn/buus ah-ree-vuh-RAH ah _____)

the/this shuttle

la/cette navette (lah/set nah-VET)

a one-way ticket

un aller simple (uhn ah-LAY SAM-pluh)

a return/round trip ticket

un aller-retour (uhn ah-LAY ruh-TOOR)

I would like to rent a car.

J'aimerais louer une voiture. (ZHEM-eu-ray LOO-way oon VWA-tuur)

Yo'nalishlar

Where is / are _____?

Où se trouve / trouvent _____ ? / (oo suh tr-OO-v _____)

... temir yo'l stantsiyasi?

...la gare ? (lah gahr)

... avtobus bekati?

...la gare routière ? (lah gahr roo-TYEHR)

...the nearest metro station?

...la station de métro la plus proche ? (lah stah-syon duh MAY-tro lah ploo prosh)

... aeroportmi?

...l'aéroport ? (lehr-oh-POR?)

...the American/Australian/British/Canadian embassy?

...l'ambassade américaine/australienne/britannique/canadienne ? (lahm-bah-SAHD a-may-ree-KEN / os-trah-lee-EN / bree-tah-NEEK / ka-na-DYEN)

...the (nearest) hotel?

...l'hôtel (le plus proche) ? (loh-tel luh ploo prohsh)

...the town / city hall?

...l'hôtel de ville / la mairie ? (loh-tel duh veel / lah mair-REE)

...the police station?

...le commissariat de police ? (luh com-mee-SAHR-ee-ah duh po-LEES)

...the tourist information centre?

...le syndicat d'initiative ? / l'office de tourisme ? / le bureau touristique ? (Quebec) (luh SAN-dee-kah dee-NEE-sya-teev / loff-EES duh toor-REEZ-muh / luh BOOR-oh toor-REES-teek)

...the nearest bank / ATM?

...la banque la plus proche ? (lah bonk lah ploo prosh) / le distributeur de billets le plus proche ?(luh dees-tree-buu-TEUR duh bee-YAY luh ploo prosh) / le guichet automatique le plus proche? (luh GEE-shay oh-toh-mah-TEEK luh ploo prosh)

...the nearest petrol/gas station ?

...la station-service la plus proche ? (lah sth-syon-SAIR-vees lah pluu prosh)

...the market?

...les halles ? (city or large town) / le marché ? (small town or village) (layz AL-uh / luh MAR-shay)

...the beach?

...la plage ? (lah plaazh)

...the best bars?

...les meilleurs bars ? (leh meh-YUHR bahr)

...the best restaurants?

...les meilleurs restaurants ? (leh meh-YUHR res-toh-RO(N))

_____ Street

rue _____

masalan. rue de l'Église, rue Victor Hugo, rue de Rivoli...

Please could you show me it on the map?

S'il vous plaît, pourriez-vous me l'indiquer sur la carte ? (SEE-voo-PLEH POO-ree-yeh-voo muh la(n)-DEE-keh syoor la cart

Is it far?

C'est loin ? (seh lwa(n))

No, it's quite close.

Non, c'est tout proche. (No(n) seh too prohsh)

Straight on

Tout droit (too drwah)

Turn right

Tournez à droite (TOOR-neh a drwaht)

Turn left

Tournez à gauche (TOOR-neh a gohsh)

Towards the...

Vers le / la / les... (vehr luh)

Past the...

Après que vous passiez le / la / les... (ap-REH kuh voo PASS-see-yeh luh / la / leh)

Before the...

Avant que vous arriviez au / à la / aux (av-O(N) kuh vooz-a-REEV-ee-yeh o / a la / o)

Next to the...

À côté du / de la / des (a COH-teh duu / duh la / deh)

Opposite the...

En face du / de la / des (o(n) fass duu / duh la / deh)

Follow

Suivre : (sweevr)

The north

le nord (luh nor)

The east

l'est (lest)

The south

le sud (luh suud)

The west

l'ouest (loo-WEST)

The (next) exit

la (prochaine) sortie (lah pro-SHEN SOR-tee)

Bu yerda

Ici (ee-SEE)

Mana

Là(-bas/-haut) (lah (BAH / OH)

Watch out for...

Repérez... (ruh-PAIR-ray luh / lah / lay)

...the road

...la route (lah root)

...the street

...la rue (lah ruu)

...the intersection

...le carrefour (luh car-FOOR)

...the traffic lights

...les feux (lay fuh)

...the roundabout

...le rond-point (luh ro(n)-pwa(n))

...the motorway

...l'autoroute (loh-to-ROOT)

...the railway

...le chemin de fer (luh shuh-MA(N) duh fehr)

...the level crossing

...le passage à niveau (luh pah-SAAZH-ah-NEE-vo)

...the bridge

... le pont (luh po(n))

...the tunnel

... le tunnel (luh tuu-nell)

...the toll booth

le péage (luh pay-ahzh)

Queue

Bouchon (boo-sho(n))

Roadworks

Travaux (trah-vo)

Road closed

Route barrée (root BAH-ray)

Diversion

Déviation (day-vee-ah-SYO(N))

Taksi

Taxi in Lyon

Taksi!

Taxi ! (tahk-SEE!)

Iltimos, meni _____ ga olib boring.

Déposez-moi à _____, je vous prie. (DAY-poh-zay-MWAH ah _____, zhuh voo PREE)

_____ ga borish uchun qancha pul ketadi?

Combien ça coûte d'aller à _____ ? (kahm-BYENG suh-LA koo-TEEL dah-LAY ah _____?)

Meni u yerga olib boring, iltimos.

Amenez-moi là, je vous prie. (AH-muh-nay-mwah LAH, zhuh voo PREE)

I want to get out here.

Je veux descendre ici. (zhuh vuh duh-SO(N)D-rr EE-SEE)

Rahmat! Keep the change.

Merci ! Gardez la monnaie. (MERR-see GARR-day lah moh-NAY)

Yashash

Hotel du Palais in Biarritz

Yotoq va nonushta

Chambres d'hôte (SHAHM-bruh dote)

Campsite

Camping (CAHM-ping)

Hotel

Hôtel (OH-tel)

Self-catering cottage / holiday rental

Gîte / Location de vacances (zheet / lo-cah-syo(n) duh vah-CAHNS)

(Youth) hostel

Auberge (de jeunesse) (oh-BAIRZH duh zheuh-NESS)

Sizda mavjud xonalar bormi?

Avez-vous des chambres libres ? (ah-veh VOO day SHAHM-bruh leeb)

Bir kishi / ikki kishi uchun xona qancha?

Combien coûte une chambre pour une personne/deux personnes ? (com-BYA(N) coot uun SHAHM-bruh poor uun PAIR-son / duh PAIR-son)

Xona ... bilan birga keladimi?

Dans la chambre, y a-t-il... (dah(n) la SHAHM-bruh, ee-ya-tee)

...choyshab?

...des draps de lit ? (...day dra duh lee?)

... hammommi?

...une salle de bain ? (...uun sal duh bah(n)?)

... telefonmi?

...un téléphone ? (...u(n) teh-leh-fone?)

... televizormi?

...une télévision ? (...uun teh-leh-VEEZ-yo(n)?)

...a refrigerator?

...un réfrigérateur / un frigo ? (...u(n) ray-FREEZH-ay-rah-teur / u(n) FREE-go?)

...a kettle?

...une bouilloire ? (...uun boo-WEE-wah?)

Bungalows in Foulpointe, Madagascar

Avval xonani ko'rsam bo'ladimi?

Pourrais-je voir la chambre ? (poo-RAY zhuh vwaah la SHAHM-bruh?)

Sizda jimroq narsa bormi?

Avez-vous une chambre plus tranquille ? (ah-veh VOO uun SHAHM-bruh ploo trahn-KEE?)

... kattaroqmi?

...plus grande ? (ploo grahnd?)

... tozalovchi?

...plus propre? (ploo prop?)

...arzonroq?

...moins chère? (mwahn shair?)

OK, men olaman.

Bon, je la prends. (bo(n), zhuh lah proh(n))

Men _____ kecha turaman.

Je compte rester pour _____ nuits. (zhuh compt REH-stay poor _____ nwee)

Boshqa mehmonxona taklif qila olasizmi?

Pourriez-vous me suggérer un autre hôtel ? (poo-REE-ay voo muh soo-ZHAY-ray u(n) OH-truh OH-tel ?)

Sizda seyf bormi?

Avez-vous un coffre-fort ? (ah-veh VOO u(n) COFF-ruh-FOR?)

... shkaflarmi?

...un vestiaire ? (u(n) ves-tee-AIR?)

Nonushta / kechki ovqatmi?

Le petit-déjeuner/le dîner est-il compris ? (luh puh-TEE DAY-zhuh-nay / luh DEE-nay eh-TEE com-PREE?)

Nonushta / kechki ovqat necha soat?

À quelle heure est servi le petit-déjeuner/le dîner ? (ah kell euhrr eh SAIR-vee luh puh-TEE DAY-zhuh-nay / luh DEE-nay?)

Iltimos, mening xonamni tozalang.

Veuillez faire le ménage. (vuh-YEH fair luh MEH-naazh)

Meni _____ da uyg'otishingiz mumkinmi?

Pourriez-vous me réveiller à _____? (poo-REE-ay voo muh REH-veh-yeh ah _____? )

You have a bedbug / cockroach / fly / mouse infestation here.

Vous êtes envahi de punaises / blattes / mouches / souris ici. (voo ZET O(N)-vah-YEE duh poo-NEZ / blat / moosh / soo-REE ee-see)

Men tekshirmoqchiman.

Je voudrais régler la note. (zhuh VOO-dray REH-glay lah note)

Pul

Amerika / Avstraliya / Kanada dollarlarini qabul qilasizmi?

Acceptez-vous les dollars américains/australiens/canadiens ? (ahk-sep-tay VOO leh doh-LAHR ah-may-ree-KANG/aws-trah-LYAHNG/kah-nah-DYAHNG?)

Siz ingliz funtini qabul qilasizmi?

Acceptez-vous les livres Sterling ? (ahk-sep-tay VOO leh leevr stehr-LING?)

Do you accept euros?

Acceptez-vous les euros ? (ahk-sep-tay VOO lehz-OO-roh)

Siz kredit kartalar qabul qilasizmi?

Acceptez-vous les cartes de crédit ? (ahk-sep-tay VOO leh kahrt duh kray-DEE?)

Can you change it (the money) for me?

Pouvez-vous me le faire changer ? (poo-vay-VOO muh luh fehr SHAHNZHAY?)

Where can I get it (the money) changed?

Où puis-je le faire changer ? (oo PWEEZH luh fehr SHAHNZHAY?)

Men uchun sayohat chekini o'zgartira olasizmi?

Pouvez-vous me faire le change sur un chèque de voyage ? (poo-vay-VOO muh fehr luh SHAHNZH suur ung shek duh vwoy-AHZH?)

Sayohat chekini qayerdan almashtirishim mumkin?

Où puis-je changer un chèque de voyage ? (oo PWEEZH shahng-ZHAY ung shek duh vwoy-AHZH?)

Valyuta kursi qanday?

Quel est le taux de change ? (KELL eh luh TAW duh SHAHNZH?)

Where can I find a cash point / ATM?

Où puis-je trouver un distributeur de billets ? (oo PWEEZH troo-VAY ung dees-tree-buu-TEUR duh bee-YAY?)

Eating

Belon oysters

set menu

menu (muh-NUU)

alakart

à la carte (ah lah KAHRT)

the dish of the day

le plat du jour (luh PLA duu ZHOOR)

serves food all day

service continu (SAIR-vees con-tee-NOO)

breakfast

France: petit-déjeuner (ptee-day-zheu-NAY); Switzerland/Belgium/Canada: déjeuner (day-zheu-NAY)

tushlik

Frantsiya: déjeuner (day-zheu-NAY); Boshqa joyda: dîner (dee-NAY)

dinner/supper

Frantsiya: dîner (dee-NAY); Boshqa joyda: souper (soo-PAY)

I would like _____.

Je voudrais _____. (zhuh voo-DREH _____)

something local

un plat typique (de la région) (uhn pla tee-PEEK (duh lah RAY-zhyong))

I would like a dish containing _____.

Je voudrais un plat avec _____. (zhuh voo-DREHZ ung plaht ah-VEK _____)

go'sht

de la viande (duh lah vee-AWND)

tovuq

du poulet / de la volaille (duu poo-LEH / duh lah voh-LIE)

Eslatma: volaille literally means "poultry", but nearly always means "chicken" on menus

kurka

de la dinde (duh lah DAND)

o'rdak

du canard (duu can-AR)

lamb

de l'agneau (duh LAN-yo)

cho'chqa go'shti

du porc / du cochon (duu POHR/duu coh-SHONG).

dudlangan cho'chqa go'shti

du jambon (duu zhahng-BONG)

mol go'shti

du bœuf (duu BUFF)

biftek

du steak / du bifteck (duu stek / duu BEEF-tek)

kolbasa

des saucisses (hot) / du saucisson (cold) (deh saw-SEESS / duu saw-see-SON)

o'yin

du gibier (duu ZHI-bee-ay)

Eslatma: gibier may also mean specifically venison

boar

du sanglier (duu sahng-GLYAY)

venison

du cerf / du chevreuil / de la venaison (duu SEHR / duu shev-REUY / duh lah vu-NAY-so(n))

quyon

du lapin (duu lap-ANG)

baliq

du poisson (duu pwa-SONG)

go'shti Qizil baliq

du saumon (duu saw-MONG)

tuna

du thon (duu TONG)

whiting

du merlan (duu mehr-LANG)

cod

de la morue (duh lah moh-RUU)

seabass

du loup (de mer) / du bar (duu LOO (duh MAIR) / duu BARR)

seafood

des fruits de mer (deh frwee duh MEHR); literally: "fruits of the sea"

dulse

de la dulse (duh lah DUULS)

lobster

du homard (duu oh-MAR), de la langouste (duh lah lan-goost) (rock lobster)

clams

des palourdes (deh pah-LOORD)

oysters

des huîtres (dez WEETR)

mussels

des moules (deh MOOL)

scallops

des coquilles Saint-Jacques (deh kok-EE-sah(n)-ZHAK)

Escargots at a farmers market in Paris

snails

des escargots (dez es-car-GOH)

frogs' legs

des cuisses de grenouille (deh gruh-NOOEY)

pishloq

du fromage (duu froh-MAHZH)

cow's cheese

du fromage de lait de vache (duu froh-MAHZH duh lay duh vash)

goat's / sheep's cheese

du fromage de chèvre / de brebis (duu froh-MAHZH duh SHEV-ruh / duh bruh-BEE)

eggs

des œufs (dehz UH)

one egg

un œuf (un UF)

(yangi) sabzavotlar

des légumes (frais) (deh lay-guum (FREH))

piyoz

des oignons (DEZ-on-yon)

carrots

des carottes (deh kah-ROT)

peas

des (petits) pois (deh (PUH-tee) PWAH)

brokkoli

du brocoli (duu broh-COLEE)

sweetcorn

du maïs (duu my-YEES)

qo'ziqorinlar

des champignons (deh SHAM-pee-nyon)

cabbage

du chou (duu shoo)

ismaloq

des épinards (DEZ-ep-ee-NARR)

green / French beans

des haricots verts (DEZ-ah-REE-ko VAIRR)

white / haricot beans

des haricots blancs (DEZ-ah-REE-ko BLAWNG)

Brussels sprouts

des choux de Bruxelles (deh shoo duh bruu-SEL)

yasmiq

des lentilles (deh lon-TEE)

potatoes

des pommes de terre (deh POM-duh-TAIR)

French fries

des frites (day freet)

(yangi) mevalar

des fruits (frais) (deh frwee (freh))

an apple

une pomme (uun pom)

a pear

une poire (uun pwarr)

a plum

une prune (uun pruun)

a peach

une pêche (uun pesh)

grapes

des raisins (deh RAY-zan)

gilos

des cerises (deh suh-REEZ)

an orange

une orange (uun oh-RAWNZH)

a banana

une banane (uun bah-NAN)

a mango

une mangue (uun mawngg)

a lemon

un citron (un SEE-trong)

a lime

un citron vert / un limon / une lime (un SEE-trong vair / un LEE-mon / uun leem)

berries

des fruits rouges (deh frwee roozh)

qulupnay

des fraises (deh frez)

raspberries

des framboises (deh from-BWAHZ)

maymunjon

des mûres (deh muur)

ko'k

des myrtilles (deh MIRR-tee)

blackcurrant

des cassis (deh kah-SEES)

a salad

une salade (uun sah-LAHD)

cucumber

du concombre (duu cong-COMBRR)

pomidor

des tomates (deh toh-MAT)

lettuce

de la laitue (duh lah LAY-tuu)

red / yellow / green pepper

du poivron rouge / jaune / vert (duu PWAH-vrong roozh / zhoan / vairr)

spring onions

des oignons nouveaux (DEZ-on-YONG NOO-vo)

radish

du radis (duu RAH-dee)

chives

de la ciboulette (duh lah SEE-boo-LET)

mixed herbs

des herbes de Provence (dez-AIRB-duh-pro-VAWNSS)

non

du pain (duu pang)

tost

des toasts (deh toast)

(milky) coffee

du café (au lait) (duu kah-FAY (oh lay))

Note: Coffee will always be served black unless you ask for milk

tea

du thé (duu tay)

juice

du jus (duu zhuu)

fresh / sparkling water

de l'eau plate / gazeuse (duh loh PLAT / gah-ZUHZ)

Note: If you ask for "water", you will get mineral water. To specify "tap water", say "eau du robinet" (OH duu roh-bee-NEH) or ask for a jug of water "une carafe d'eau" (uun cahr-AHF doh).

(draught) beer

de la bière (pression) (duh lah byehr)

red / white / rosé wine

du vin rouge / blanc / rosé (duu vang roozh / blahng / ro-ZAY)

Menga _____ bering?

Puis-je avoir _____ ? (pweezh ah-VWAHR duu)

tuz

du sel (duu sel)

qora qalampir

du poivre (duu pwavr)

sarimsoq

de l'ail (duh lie)

sariyog '

du beurre (duu bur)

olive oil

de l'huile d'olive (duh LWEEL-doh-LEEV)

ketchup/mayonnaise/mustard/alioli

du ketchup / de la mayonnaise / de la moutarde / de l'aïoli (duu KECH-up / duh lah MIE-oh-NEZ / duh lah MOO-tard / duh LIE-oh-lee)

Excuse me, waiter / waitress?

S'il vous plaît, monsieur / madame ? (seell voo PLEH muh-SYUH/ma-DAHM)

Note: "garçon" (boy) is offensive and should be avoided.

Men tugatdim.

J'ai terminé. (zhay TAIRH-mee-NAY)

U shirin ekan.

C'était délicieux. (seh-tay de-li-SYUH)

Can you please clear the plates?

Pouvez-vous débarrasser la table, s'il vous plaît ? (poovay voo DEH-bahr-a-seh lah tah-bluh seel voo play)

The check (bill), please.

L'addition, s'il vous plaît. (lah-dee-SYOHN seel voo play)

Dietary requirements

Ratatouille

I am _____.

Je suis _____. (zhuh swee)

...vegan

végétalien (vey-zhey-tal-YENG) (m); végétalienne (vey-zhey-tal-YEN) (f)

...vegetarian

végétarien (vey-zhey-tar-YENG) (m); végétarienne (vey-zhey-tar-YEN) (f)

I do not eat eggs, milk, or cheese.

Je ne mange pas d'œufs, de lait ni de fromage. (zhuh nuh monzh pah dooh, duh lay, nee duh froh-MAHZH)

I do not eat meat, chicken, or pork.

Je ne mange pas de viande, de poulet, ni de porc. (zhuh nuh monzh pah duh vee ahnd, duh poo-LEH, nee duh pohr)

I do not eat _____.

Je ne mange pas_____. (zhuh nuh monzh pah)

...honey.

de miel. (duh mee ehl)

...animal products.

de produits animaux. (duh pro-dweez-ah-nee-mo)

...dairy.

de laitage. (duh lay tazh)

...wheat.

de blé. (duh blay)

...seafood.

de fruits de mer. (duh frwee duh MEHR)

...nuts.

de noix (duh nwaah)

...gluten

de gluten (duh gluu-TEN)

I do eat _____.

Je mange _____. (zhuh monzh)

...grains.

des céréales. (deh say-ray-ahl)

...vegetables.

des légumes. (deh lay-guum)

...beans.

des fèves. (deh fehv)

...fruit

des fruits. (deh frwee)

I only eat kosher / halal food.

Je ne mange que de la nourriture kasher (casher, cachère) / halal. (zhuh nuh monzh kuh duh la noo-ri-toor CASH-eh / alal)

I am allergic to...

Je suis allergique à... (zhuh sweez ah-lair-ZHEEK ah...)

Barlar

Cognac barrels

A table for one / two.

Une table pour une personne / deux personnes. (uun TAH-bluh poor oon PAIR-son / duh PAIR-son)

Siz spirtli ichimliklar bilan xizmat qilasizmi?

Servez-vous des boissons alcoolisées ? (sair-vay VOO day bwa-songz al-co-ol-ee-SAY)

Stol xizmati bormi?

Est-ce que vous servez à la table ? (ess-kuh voo ser-VAYZ ah lah TAHBL?)

Pivo / ikkita pivo, iltimos.

Une bière/deux bières, s'il vous plaît. (uun BYEHR/deuh BYEHR, seel voo PLEH)

A draught beer, please.

Une pression, s'il vous plaît (uun pres-SYON, seel voo PLEH)

A glass of red/white/rosé/sparkling wine, please.

Un verre de vin rouge/blanc/rosé/pétillant, s'il vous plaît. (an ver duh van rooj / blan / ro-ZAY / PET-ee-YAUN, seel voo PLEH)

A quarter litre of beer, please

Un demi, s'il-vous-plaît. (an deh-mee, seel voo PLEH)

Iltimos, bir pint.

Une pinte, s'il vous plait. (uun pannt, seel-voo-PLEH)

Bir shisha, iltimos.

Une bouteille, s'il vous plait. (uun boo-tay, seel voo PLEH)

_____ (ruh) va _____ (mikser), Iltimos.

_____ et _____, s'il vous plait. (____ eh ____, seel voo PLEH)

whisky

whisky (m.) (wee-skee)

aroq

vodka (f.) (VOD-kah)

ROM

rhum (m.) (xona)

cider

cidre (m.) (seedr)

water

eau (f.) (oh)

klub soda

soda (m.) (so-dah)

tonikli suv

Schweppes (m. or f.) (shwep)

apelsin sharbati

jus d'orange (m.) (joo d'or-AHNJ)

Koks (soda)

Coca (m.) (koh-KAH)

Yana bitta, iltimos.

Un/une autre, s'il vous plait. (uhn / uun OH-truh, seel-voo-PLEH)

Iltimos, yana bir tur.

Un autre pour la table, s'il vous plait. (ahn OH-truh poor la tah-bluh, seel voo PLEH)

Yopish vaqti qachon?

À quelle heure fermez-vous ? (ah kell EUR fer-MAY voo)

Xarid qilish

Marigot Market, Avliyo Martin

Sizda bu mening o'lchamimda bormi?

Avez-vous ceci dans ma taille ? (AH-veh-VOO say-SEE dan sma THAI)

How much (is this)?

Combien (ça) coûte ? (COMM-bee-yan (SAH) coot)

Bu juda qimmat.

C'est trop cher. (say-TRO-shair)

_____ qabul qilasizmi?

Pourriez-vous accepter _____ ? (poor-yay-VOOZ ahk-sep-TAY)

qimmat

cher (shehr)

arzon

bon marché (bong mar-SHAY) (Note: this doesn't change with the gender or number of the noun. Elles sont bon marché is correct.)

Men bunga qodir emasman.

Je n'ai pas les moyens. (zhe nay pah leh mwah-YAHNG)

Men buni xohlamayman.

Je n'en veux pas. (zhe nahng veu pah)

Siz meni aldayapsiz.

Vous me trompez. (voo muh TROM-pay)

Menga qiziqarli emas.

Je ne suis pas intéressé. (zhen swee pahz-ann-tay-ress-SAY)

OK, men olaman.

D'accord, je le/la prends. (dah-kor zhe luh/lah prahn)

Menga sumka bera olasizmi?

Pourrais-je avoir un sac ? (poo-REHZH ah-VWAR ung sahk)

Siz (chet elda) jo'natasizmi?

Livrez-vous (outre-mer/à l'étranger) ? (leev-ray-VOO ootr-MEHR/ah lay-trahn-ZHAY)

Men muhtojman...

J'ai besoin... (zhay buh-ZWAHN)

...tish pastasi.

...de dentifrice. (duh dahn-tee-FREESS)

... tish cho'tkasi.

...d'une brosse à dents. (duun bross ah DAHN)

... tamponlar.

...de tampons. (duh tahm-POHN)

... sovun.

...de savon. (duh sah-VOHN)

... shampun.

...de shampooing. (duh shahm-PWAHN)

... og'riq qoldiruvchi vosita. (masalan, aspirin yoki ibuprofen)

...d'un analgésique (aspirine, ibuprofène);. (dun ah-nal-zhay-ZEEK (ahs-pee-REEN/ee-buu-proh-FEN))

... sovuq dori.

...d'un médicament pour le rhume. (dun may-dee-kah-MAHNG poor luh RUUM)

... oshqozon dori.

...d'un remède pour l'estomac. (dun ray-MED poor less-toh-MAHK)

...an antihistamine

...d'un antihistaminique (dun on-tee-STAM-eek)

... ustara.

...d'un rasoir. (dun rah-ZWAR)

... batareyalar.

...de piles. (duh PEEL)

...a SIM card.

...d'une carte SIM (duun cahrrt seem)

... soyabon. (rain)

...d'un parapluie. (duun pah-ra-ploo-ee)

... soyabon. (sun)

...d'une ombrelle. (duun ohm-brehl)

... quyosh nurlaridan himoya qiluvchi loson.

...de crème solaire. (duh crehm so-LEHR)

... otkritka.

...d'une carte postale. (duun kahrt post-AL)

... pochta markalari.

...de timbres. (duh TAHM-burs)

...writing paper.

...de papier à lettres. (duh pap-YEH ah LEH-TR)

...a pen.

...d'un stylo. (dun STEE-loh)

...English-language books.

...de livres en anglais. (duh LEE-vruh-zahn ahngh-LEH)

...English-language magazines.

...de revues en anglais. (duh REH-voo-zahn ahngh-LEH)

...an English-language newspaper.

...d'un journal en anglais. (dun zhoar-NAL ahn ahng-LEH)

...a French-English dictionary.

...d'un dictionnaire français-anglais. (dun deect-see-ohn-AIR frahn-SEH ahng-LEH)

Vakolat

I haven't done anything wrong.

Je n'ai rien fait de mal. (zhuh nay ree-AHN fay duh MAL)

It was a misunderstanding.

C'est une erreur. (set uhn air-UR)

Where are you taking me?

Où m'emmenez-vous ? (ooh mehm-en-EH voo)

Am I under arrest?

Suis-je en état d'arrestation ? (SWEEZH ahn EH-tah dahr-es-ta-SYONG)

I am an American/Australian/British/Canadian citizen. (m)

Je suis un citoyen américain/australien/britannique/canadien. (zhuh sweez uhn see-twa-YEN a-may-ree-CAN/os-trah-LYEN/bree-tah-NEEK/ka-na-DYEN)

I am an American/Australian/British/Canadian citizen. (f)

Je suis une citoyenne américaine/australienne/britannique/canadienne. (zhuh sweez uhn see-twa-YEN a-may-ree-CAN/os-trah-LYEN/bree-tah-NEEK/ka-na-DYEN)

I want to speak to the American/Australian/British/Canadian embassy or consulate.

Je veux parler à l'ambassade ou au consulat américain/australien/britannique/canadien. (ZHUH vuh pahr-LAY ah lahm-ba-SAHD oo oh kon-soo-LAHT a-may-ree-CAN/os-trah-lee-AHN/ahn-GLEH/ka-na-DYAN)

I want to speak to a lawyer.

Je voudrais parler à un avocat. (ZHUH vood-RAY par-lehr ah uhn AH-vo-cah)

Can I just pay a fine now?

Pourrais-je simplement payer une amende ? (poo-RAYZH sampl-MANG pay-AY yn ah-MAHND)

[offering bribe] Will you accept this in place of my fine?

Acceptez-vous ceci au lieu de mon amende ? (accept-eh voo suh-see oh LOO duh mon ah-MAND)

Note: Only consider attempting this in third world countries. Do not buni Evropaning frankofoniya mamlakatlarida yoki Kanadada qilishga harakat qiling, chunki bu sizni yanada og'ir muammolarga duchor qiladi!