Belgiya - Belgium

Past darajadagi mamlakat Beniluks, Belgiya (Golland: Belgiya, Frantsuz: Belgika, Nemis: Belgiya) G'arbiy Evropaning chorrahasida o'tiradi. U qit'aning zamonaviy zamonaviy arxitekturasi va qishloq idillalari bilan mashhur bo'lgan tarixiy diqqatga sazovor joylariga uylanadi. Uning poytaxti, Bryussel, ning bosh qarorgohi joylashgan Yevropa Ittifoqi.

Belgiya nisbatan boy mamlakat bo'lsa-da, dunyodagi siyosiy jihatdan eng murakkab davlatlardan biri hisoblanadi. Flandriya (golland tilida so'zlashuvchi qism) va Valoniya (frantsuz tilida so'zlashuvchi qism) o'rtasidagi til va madaniyatdagi farqlar bir qancha keng qamrovli islohotlarga olib keldi va bu davom etayotgan qarama-qarshilik Belgiya siyosatini shu qadar murakkablashtiradiki, oddiy belgiyaliklar ham mantiqiy ma'noga ega emaslar. haqiqatan ham sodir bo'layotgan narsalar haqida. Shunga qaramay, ikkala yarm Evropaning eng jozibali va tarixiy shaharlarini o'z ichiga olgan mamlakatni tashkil qiladi va qit'aga tashrif buyurgan har bir kishi uchun haqiqiy "ko'rish kerak".

Tushuning

Shimoliy dengiz qirg'og'ida yotgan Belgiyaning yaqin qo'shnilari Frantsiya janubi-g'arbiy qismida, Lyuksemburg janubi-sharqda, Germaniya sharqda va Gollandiya shimolga.

Belgiya - shaharlashish, transport, sanoat va tijorat va intensiv qishloq xo'jaligining qarama-qarshi talablarini muvozanatlashtirishga harakat qiladigan aholi zich joylashgan mamlakat. U katta miqdordagi xom ashyoni import qiladi va katta miqdordagi ishlab chiqarilgan mahsulotlarni, asosan, Evropa Ittifoqiga eksport qiladi.

Tarix

Belgiya O'rta asrlardagi bir necha sobiq davlatlarning merosxo'ri bo'lib, ushbu mamlakatda bo'lgan sayohatingiz davomida siz ularning izlarini hamma joyda ko'rasiz.

Qulaganidan keyin Karoling imperiyasi 9-asrda, hozirgi Belgiya, Gollandiya va Lyuksemburg hududi, Germaniya imperiyasiga tez orada singib ketadigan efemer qirollik Lotaringiya tarkibiga kirgan; ammo, "Quyi Lotaringiya" ning o'ziga xos xususiyati feodal imperiyasida saqlanib qoldi: bu Past Belgilarning kelib chiqishi, bu hozirgi Belgiya, Gollandiya va Lyuksemburgni o'z ichiga olgan umumiy atama.

Past mamlakatlarning keng avtonom avtoulovlari O'rta asr Evropasining eng boy joylari qatoriga kirgan va siz ushbu o'tmishdagi boyliklarning izlarini Bryugge, Bryussel, Antverpen, Gent, Leuven, Tournai, Mons va boshqalarning boy binolarida ko'rasiz. qudratli va ambitsiyali oila nazorati ostida: Burgundiya gersoglari. Gersoglarning butun sohasi past mamlakatlardan Shveytsariya chegaralariga qadar tarqaldi. Burgundiya gersoglari boylik, strategiya va ittifoqlardan foydalanib Lotaringiyani qayta tiklashga qaratilgan. Oxirgi gertsog Charlz Boldning o'limi bu tushga chek qo'ydi. Biroq, Burgundiya knyazlarining xazinalari Belgiya muzeylari va diqqatga sazovor joylarida ularning qoidalari haqida guvohlik sifatida qolmoqda.

Keyinchalik kuchli Habsburg oilasi past o'lkalardan meros bo'lib o'tdi. Islohot Belgiya va Gollandiyani birinchi bo'lib ajratib qo'yganligi sababli: past mamlakatlarning shimoliy yarmi protestantizmni qabul qilib, Xabsburg hukmronligiga qarshi chiqdi, janubiy yarmi esa o'z hukmdori va katolik diniga sodiq qoldi. Ushbu ikki yarmi hozirgi Belgiya va Gollandiyaga to'g'ri keladi.

Xabsburgning qaysi tarmog'i boshqarganiga qarab Belgiya Avstriya Niderlandiya, keyin Ispaniya Niderlandiya deb nomlandi. Kuchli Germaniya imperatori va Ispaniya qiroli Karl V Belgiyaning Gent shahrida tug'ilgan va Bryusseldan hukmronlik qilgan. Belgiyaning ko'plab joylari uning nomi bilan atalgan, shu jumladan Sharleroy shahri va hatto pivo brendi. Har yili Bryusselliklar Ommegang deb nomlanadigan shaharda o'zining birinchi paradiga taqlid qilishadi.

Belgiya qisqacha Napoleon imperiyasining bir qismi edi. Napoleon mag'lubiyatga uchraganidan so'ng, butun pastki mamlakatlarni o'z ichiga olgan katta Niderlandiya Qirolligi yaratildi. Biroq, diniy muxolifat hanuzgacha saqlanib kelinmoqda va bo'linish Belgiya liberallari va gollandiyalik aristokratlar o'rtasidagi siyosiy ziddiyatlar tufayli yanada og'irlashdi. Qisqa inqilob va Gollandiyaga qarshi urushdan so'ng Belgiya 1830 yilda Gollandiyadan mustaqil bo'ldi.

Birinchi va Ikkinchi Jahon urushlari paytida Germaniya tomonidan ishg'ol qilingan va jang maydonlari yaqinida ko'plab urush qabrlari bo'lgan, ularning aksariyati Ieper atrofida (ingliz tilida, qadimiy ravishda tarjima qilingan Ypres, WWIda intensiv foydalanish tufayli xantal gazining boshqa nomi Yperite bilan). So'nggi yarim asrda u zamonaviy, texnologik jihatdan rivojlangan Evropa davlati va NATO va Evropa Ittifoqining a'zosi sifatida rivojlandi. Shimolning gollandiyzabon flamandlari va janubning frantsuz tilida so'zlashadigan valonlari o'rtasidagi ziddiyatlar ushbu hududlarga rasmiy tan olish va avtonomiya beradigan konstitutsiyaviy tuzatishlarni kiritdi.

Relyef

Shimoli-g'arbiy qismida tekis qirg'oq tekisliklari, markaziy tepaliklar, o'rmonli tepaliklar va janubi-sharqda Ardennes o'rmonining vodiylari.

Iqlim

Mo''tadil; salqin yoz bilan yumshoq qish. Odatda yomg'irli, nam va bulutli. 1976 yildan 2006 yilgacha bo'lgan o'n yillikda Belgiyaning o'rtacha yillik harorati 10 ° C edi - bu meteorolog bo'lmaganlar uchun juda ma'nosiz o'lchov.

Elektr

Elektr quvvati 220 dan 230 V gacha va 50 Hz gacha. Chiqish joylari CEE7 / 5 (chiqadigan er pimi) va CEE 7/5 (Topraklanmış), CEE 7/7 (Topraklanmış) yoki CEE 7/16 (topraklanmamış) vilkalarini qabul qiladi. Qadimgi nemis tipidagi CEE 7/4 vilkalari mos kelmaydi, chunki ular ushbu turdagi rozetkada joylashgan topraklama piniga mos kelmaydi. Shu bilan birga, zamonaviy Evropaning aksariyat jihozlari CEE 7/5 (Belgiya va Frantsiya) va CEE 7/4 (Germaniya, Gollandiya, Ispaniya va Evropaning aksariyati) savdo nuqtalariga mos keladigan gibrid CEE 7/7 vilkasi bilan jihozlangan.

230 V va 50 Hz dan foydalanadigan Buyuk Britaniya, Irlandiya, Avstraliya, Yangi Zelandiya, Daniya, Italiya, Shveytsariya va boshqa barcha mamlakatlardan kelgan sayohatchilar Belgiyada o'z maishiy texnika vositalaridan foydalanish uchun shunchaki vilka adapterini talab qilishadi.

110 V 60 Hz dan foydalanadigan AQSh, Kanada, Yaponiya va boshqa mamlakatlardan kelgan sayohatchilarga voltaj konvertori kerak bo'lishi mumkin, ammo ba'zi noutbuklar, uyali telefon zaryadlovchilari va boshqa qurilmalar 110 V yoki 230 V quvvatga ega, shuning uchun faqat oddiy vilka adapteri kerak. Ulanishdan oldin qurilmalaringizdagi kuchlanish ko'rsatkichlarini tekshiring.

Mintaqalar

Belgiya shimoldan janubgacha ro'yxatga olingan uchta mintaqadan iborat:

Shaharlar

Belgiyada urbanizatsiya darajasi juda yuqori va bunday kichik hudud uchun juda ko'p sonli shaharlarga ega

• 50.854.351 Bryussel - Belgiya poytaxti va Evropa Ittifoqining norasmiy poytaxti. Qanchadan-qancha tarixiy markaz va bir nechta qiziqarli muzeylar. Evropaning eng madaniyatli shaharlaridan biri.
• 51.2166674.42 Antverpen - Belgiyaning ulkan sobori, o'rta asr ko'chalari va badiiy merosi va moda uchun ajoyib joyi bo'lgan ikkinchi yirik shahri.
• 51.2166673.2333333 Brugge - XIV asrdagi Evropaning eng boy shaharlaridan biri, u sayyohlik bilan ajralib turadi, ammo u hali ham juda ishonchli, o'rta asrlarda va tunda sokin, kichik mehmon uylari va oilaviy korxonalar zanjir mehmonxonalaridan ancha ustundir.
• 51.053.7333334 Gent - bir paytlar Evropaning eng yirik shaharlaridan biri bo'lgan, hozirda Antverpen va Bryugjening ajoyib aralashmasi: kanallari bor shinam shahar, ammo boy tarixi va jonli talabalar soni bilan.
• 50.8833334.75 Leuven - Evropaning eng qadimgi universitetlaridan biri hukmron bo'lgan kichik shahar. Chiroyli tarixiy markaz va jonli tungi hayot.
• 50.6333335.5666676 Liège - Valoniyaning ikkinchi yirik shahri, keng daryo bo'yida, sayyohlik va yaqin atrofdagi tepaliklardagi kurortlar bilan sanoat shahar manzarasi, u juda kuchli, mustaqil xarakterga va hayajonli tungi hayotga ega.
• 51.0166674.4666677 Mexelen - sobor atrofida chiroyli tarixiy tuman bo'lgan kichik o'rta asr shahri.
• 50.453.958 Mons - ikkita saytga ega bo'lish favqulodda imtiyozga ega YuNESKOning Jahon merosi ro'yxati Insoniyatning nomoddiy madaniy merosining Reprezentativ ro'yxatidagi ro'yxat va bitta tadbir.
• 50.4666674.8666679 Namur - kapitali Valoniya, Sambre va Meusning Qal'aga qo'shilish joyida.

Boshqa yo'nalishlar

• 50.8666674.4666671 Kraaynem - chekkasida boy sanoat tarixiga ega bo'lgan munitsipalitet Bryussel ko'plab tarixiy joylarga ega.
• 50.8166674.52 Tervuren - yam-yashil Sonian o'rmoniga, bog'lariga va qirollik yozgi qarorgohiga yaqinligi bilan mashhur.
• 50.9333334.3833333 Grimbergen - xuddi shu nom bilan pivo bilan tanilgan, dunyo miqyosida shuhrat qozongan, ammo baribir uning abbatligida ishlab chiqarilgan.
• 50.255.6666674 Ardennes - Beniluksdagi eng kam aholi yashaydigan mintaqa, bu o'rmonlar bilan qoplangan tepalikli qishloq mintaqasi
• 50.2666674.9166675 Dinant - ajoyib tabiiy sharoitda joylashgan kichik shahar, qishda eng yaxshi tashrif buyuradigan kanoe va toshga ko'tarilish kabi sarguzasht sport turlari uchun mashhur joy.
• 50.7833334.1166676 Pajottenland - shuningdek, "shimolning Toskana" deb nomlangan, bu Bryusselning g'arbiy qismida joylashgan tepaliklar, o'tloqlar, kichik qishloqlar va qal'alardan iborat yashil mintaqadir. Geuze pivosining uyi va piyoda sayr qilish, velosipedda sayohat qilish va otda sayr qilish uchun juda yaxshi.
• 50.49255.8641677 Spa - dunyodagi barcha kurortlarga o'z nomini bergan kurort shaharchasining issiq suv bilan muolajalari asrlar davomida mehmonlarni jalb qilmoqda.
• 50.852.8833338 Ypres, 50.852.7333339 Poperinge va uning atrofidagi qishloqlar - Birinchi Jahon urushi paytida vayron qilingan ushbu sobiq harbiy qal'a yodgorliklar va qabristonlar bilan ajralib turadi.
• 51.16444.139110 Sint-Niklaas - o'zining bozor maydoni (Belgiyadagi eng katta), yillik balon festivali va Sheldt daryosi bo'yidagi atrof manzaralari bilan mashhur.

Chiqinglar

Kirish talablari

Belgiya Shengen shartnomasi.

• Odatda shartnomani imzolagan va amalga oshirgan mamlakatlar o'rtasida chegara nazorati mavjud emas. Bunga Evropa Ittifoqining aksariyat qismi va boshqa bir qator mamlakatlar kiradi.
• Odatda xalqaro reyslarga yoki qayiqlarga chiqishdan oldin shaxsni tekshirish tekshiruvi o'tkaziladi. Ba'zida quruqlik chegaralarida vaqtinchalik chegara nazorati mavjud.
• Xuddi shunday, a viza har qanday Shengen a'zosi uchun berilgan, imzolagan barcha boshqa mamlakatlarda amal qiladi va shartnomani amalga oshirdi.
• Iltimos, ko'ring Shengen zonasi bo'ylab sayohat qilish sxema qanday ishlashi, qaysi mamlakatlar a'zo ekanligi va qo'shimcha ma'lumot olish uchun sizning fuqaroligingizga qanday talablar qo'yiladi.

Yuqoridagi mamlakatlar fuqarolariga Belgiyada 90 kunlik vizasiz qolish muddati uchun viza olish yoki boshqa avtorizatsiya qilinmasdan ishlashga ruxsat beriladi. Biroq, ushbu vizasiz ishlash qobiliyati boshqa Shengen mamlakatlariga ham tegishli emas.

Samolyotda

Bryussel aeroporti (BRU ^IATA), asosan shahar joylashganligi sababli Zaventem nomi bilan ham tanilgan, Belgiyaning asosiy aeroporti. U Bryusselda emas, balki atrofda joylashgan Flandriya. Aeroport milliy aviakompaniyaning asosidir Bryussel Airlines. Boshqa to'liq xizmat ko'rsatuvchi aviakompaniyalar BRU, shuningdek, byudjet tashuvchilaridan foydalanadilar Ryanair, Vueling va JetairFly.

Poyezd bor (€5.10) har 15 daqiqada Bryussel markaziga 25 daqiqada yuguradi, ba'zilari esa davom etmoqda Gent, Mons, Nivelllarva G'arbiy Flandriya va 12 va 21-sonli avtobus yo'nalishlari (€3 savdo avtomatida /€5 bortda) har 20-30 daqiqada Lyuksemburgga (Evropa parlamenti okrugi) borishga. Avtobus markazga yo'l olgan NATO va Shuman (Evropa Ittifoqi institutlari uchun) to'xtaydi. Soatiga ikkita poezd bor Leuven, Bryussel markaziga taksi taxminan 13 daqiqa €35 - oldindan buyurtma qilingan bo'lsa, arzonroq. Taksilarning oq ranglari: 32 2 268–0000, Taksilarning avtoulovlari: 32 2 411-4142, Taksilarning vertlari: 32 2 349-44949.

Bryusseldagi Janubiy Sharleroy aeroporti (CRL ^IATA), Bryusseldan taxminan 50 km (31 milya) janubda joylashgan bo'lib, asosan, arzon transport vositalariga xizmat qiladi Ryanair va Wizzair. Bryussel Gare du Midi shahriga murabbiy bilan bir soat ichida borishingiz mumkin (€13 bir tomonga, €22 qaytish). Agar siz Belgiyaning boshqa biron bir qismiga boradigan bo'lsangiz, aeroport tashqarisidagi TEC savdo avtomatlaridan Charleroi Sud temir yo'l stantsiyasi orqali kombinatsiyalangan avtobus poezd chiptasini sotib oling. €19.40 bir tomonga.

Ammo, agar siz haqiqatan ham tiqilib qolsangiz, taksi haydovchilari uchun kredit kartalarini olish odatiy hol emas. Bryusselga taksida ketish narxi belgilangan narx (taxminan) €85 2020 yil yanvaridan boshlab) va siz taksi haydovchisidan kredit kartangizni qabul qilish-qilmasligini tekshirishingiz mumkin.

Antverpen aeroporti (ANR ^IATA) ba'zi ish reyslariga ega, shu jumladan CityJetLondon City aeroportiga oqilona narxlarda bog'lanish. Boshqa aeroportlarga Oostende, Liège va Kortrijk kiradi, ammo ular faqat yuk va charter reyslarini amalga oshiradilar.

Qo'shni mamlakatlardagi aeroportlarga, ayniqsa Amsterdamga parvozlarni ko'rib chiqishga arziydi Schiphol aeroporti to'g'ridan-to'g'ri temir yo'l aloqasi bo'lgan Bryussel, shuningdek, to'xtash joylarini to'xtatish Antverpen va Mexelen.

Liege aeroporti (LGG ^IATA) Lyej shahri yaqinida joylashgan. Faqatgina xizmat ko'rsatadigan kichik aeroport TUIFly, arzon narxlardagi aviakompaniya. Kundalik 5-10 oralig'ida, asosan Ispaniyadan, ba'zan Gretsiya va Marokashgacha. Lyej shahriga juda yomon transport imkoniyatlaridan aziyat chekmoqda: 57-sonli avtobus kuniga bir necha marotaba qatnaydi, u Lyej-Gilyemins temir yo'l stantsiyasiga boradi, bu avtobus faqat tinch kunlarda ishlaydi. Yana bir variant - ba'zida aeroport orqali shahar markaziga boradigan 53 yoki 85-sonli avtobusga borish. 30 daqiqa. TEC avtobuslarida Lyej aeroporti uchun maxsus narxlar mavjud emas va ularning narxi ham bo'ladi €3.50 kishi boshiga.

Taksilar narxi taxminan €25.

Poyezdda

Bryussel o'rtasida to'g'ridan-to'g'ri poezdlar mavjud va:

• Lyuksemburg (oddiy poezdlar, har soatda qatnaydi). Lyuksemburgdagi barcha jamoat transportlari bepul. Lyuksemburgdan Bryusselgacha 2 soat 30 minut, Lyuksemburgdan Liejgacha 3 soat davom etadi.
• Parij, Kyoln, Axen, Rotterdam, Amsterdam (Thalys )
• Lion, Bordo, Parij-CDG aeroporti va Frantsiyaning boshqa ko'plab shaharlari (TGV tomonidan boshqariladi SNCF).
• London, Ebbsfleet, Eshford, Lill, Calais, Rotterdam, Amsterdam (Eurostar). Agar siz Belgiyaning boshqa bir shahriga boradigan bo'lsangiz, "istalgan Belgiya stantsiyasi" chiptasi (2-sinfda bir tomonga 5,50 funt sterling) sizning Eurostar chiptangizga mahalliy transportni qo'shadi. Masofaga qarab, bu arzonroq bo'lishi mumkin va keyin alohida chipta olish mumkin. Buyuk Britaniyadan Belgiyaga sayohat qilayotgan yo'lovchilar Belgiyaga kelishdan oldin, Buyuk Britaniyada frantsuz pasporti / shaxsiy guvohnoma (Belgiyaliklar nomidan amalga oshiriladi) tekshiruvlaridan o'tadilar. Lill / Calais dan Bryusselga sayohat qilgan yo'lovchilar Shengen zonasida.
• Frankfurt, Köln (ICE tomonidan boshqariladi Deutsche Bahn)
• Tsyurix, Shveytsariya, Lyuksemburg orqali (oddiy poezdlar, kuniga 2 ta)

Bryusseldan Antverpen orqali Gollandiyaning Rotterdam va Amsterdamga soatlik shaharlararo poezdlar qatnaydi. Shaharlararo xizmatlar Bryusseldan Amsterdamga Mexelen, Antverpen, Rotterdam, Gaaga va Sxipol orqali amalga oshiriladi. Amsterdam bilan boshqa to'g'ridan-to'g'ri aloqa - bu qimmat Thalys (o'rtacha narxlar uchun oldindan bron qiling). Shu bilan bir qatorda Bryussel yoki Antverpendan Roosendaal (NL) ga poezdda borish, bu erda Rotterdam va Amsterdamga shaharlararo poezdlarni ulash mumkin. Gollandiyadan Belgiyaga sayohat qilayotgan yo'lovchilar o'z chiptalarini NS Internationaal stolidan yoki sotib olishlari kerak veb-sayt mahalliy poezdlar uchun chiptalarni sotadiganlardan farq qiladi. NS Internationaal shuningdek, Thalys chiptalarini Thalys veb-saytida ko'rilgan narxlarda sotadi.

Xalqaro poezdlar Bryusseldagi Gare du Midi / Zuidstation stantsiyasida mahalliy poezdlar bilan bog'lanadi va barcha Eurostar yoki ICE va ba'zi Thalys chiptalari bilan siz o'zingizning sayohatingizni mahalliy poezdlarda bepul tugatishingiz mumkin. Barcha tezyurar poezdlar uchun arzon narxlar uchun oldindan yoki onlayn yoki sayyohlik agentligidan foydalanib bron qilishingiz kerak. Endi muntazam ravishda rejalashtirilgan shpal poezdlari yo'q.

Lillga TGV ulanishlarini tekshirishni xohlashingiz mumkin. Frantsiyaning qolgan qismidan Lillga poezdlar tez-tez va odatda arzonroq. Lill Flandresdan Gent va Antverpenga to'g'ridan-to'g'ri poezd aloqasi mavjud. Agar sizning TGV avtoulovingiz Lill Evropaga etib kelsa, Lill Flandres temir yo'l stantsiyasiga 15 daqiqada piyoda borishingiz mumkin.

Bilan sayohatingizni rejalashtiring Deutsche Bahn jadvali. Evropa bo'ylab barcha ichki va xalqaro aloqalarga ega.

Belgiya poyezdlarida chekishga yo'l qo'yilmaydi.

Belgiya bo'ylab sayohat qilayotgan 65 yo'lovchilar uchun poezdlar narxi ko'pincha belgilanadi €6 va bir kunlik qaytish uchun amal qiladi, ammo bunday tarif faqat soat 09:00 dan keyin sayohat qilishni talab qilishi mumkin.

Mashinada

E19, E17, E40, E411 va E313 kabi Evropaning asosiy avtomagistrallari Belgiya orqali o'tadi.

Avtomobillarni tashish

Belgiyaga borishning eng arzon usuli (€3/ Evropaning istalgan joyidan 100 km (62 milya) masofada - agar siz ozgina egiluvchan va omadli bo'lsangiz - odatda taksistop. Shuningdek, ko'plab sayohatlar ham taklif etiladi BlablaCar.

Avtobusda

Belgiyaga butun Evropadan etib borishingiz mumkin Evrolinlar murabbiylar. Xalqaro avtobuslarda to'xtash joylari mavjud Antverpen, Bryussel Shimoliy Stantsiyasi, Leuven & Liege.

Bosniya diasporasiga xizmat ko'rsatadigan avtobus kompaniyalari mavjud, ular arzon va toza Evropa qit'asining boshqa tomoniga o'tish usuli. Yarim sayohatlar haftasiga uch marta turli yo'nalishlardan ishlaydi Bosniya va Gersegovina Belgiya va Gollandiyaga, mavsumdan tashqari €132 qaytish chiptasi uchun.

Kema orqali

Bir kecha Angliyada Xulldan Zeebruggega / u erdan paromlar bor, lekin ular arzon emas.

Frantsiyadan

• Ichida tugaydigan mahalliy Belgiya poezdlari mavjud Lill (stantsiya Lill-Flandriya).
• Belgiya temir yo'llarining De Panne terminali o'rtasida (va qirg'oq tramvayida - Kusttram) va Frantsiyaning sohil bo'yidagi Dunkirk shahri, DK'BUS Marine tomonidan boshqariladigan avtobus liniyasi mavjud: [1]. Shuningdek, chegaraning eng yaqin masofasiga boradigan DK'BUS avtobusiga minib, keyin piyoda piyoda o'tib, sohil tramvayining qulay stantsiyasiga etib borish mumkin, masalan. Esplanade.

Germaniyadan

• Siz temir yo'l stantsiyalari o'rtasida avtobusga borishingiz mumkin Evpan (Belgiya) va Axen (Germaniya) xalqaro temir yo'l chiptasida bir xil sayohat qilishdan ancha tez va arzonroq.
• Belgiyadagi manzilingiz chegaradan uzoqroq bo'lsa, mahalliy poezddan borishingiz mumkin Axen ga Welkenraedt va keyin Evropa bilan bog'lovchi InterCity-poezdiga o'ting Oostende, o'tib ketish Leuven, Bryussel, Gent va Brugge. Axendan Bryusselgacha sayohat ikki soatdan kam vaqtni oladi.

Gollandiyadan

• Belgiya va Niderlandiya o'rtasida chegarani kesib o'tadigan avtobuslarning ro'yxati uchun siz ro'yxatdan quyidagi manzilga murojaat qilishingiz mumkin [2].
• Qadimgi Evropa tarixining o'ziga xos natijasi bo'lishdan tashqari, shaharcha Barl (rasmiy ravishda Barle-Xertog Belgiyada va Barle-Nassau shaharning asosiy avtobus bekatidan beri Gollandiyada) o'zgarishi mumkin Sint-Janstraat Flaman (Belgiya) va Gollandiyalik avtobuslar tomonidan boshqariladi.
• Flamaniyalik (Belgiya) De Lijn kompaniyasi chegaradan o'tuvchi avtobusni boshqaradi Qaytish Belgiyada va Tilburg Gollandiyada, ularning ikkalasi ham tegishli mamlakat temir yo'l tarmog'ida termini hisoblanadi.
• Flemishcha (Belgiya) De Lijn kompaniyasi boshqaradigan avtobus (45-yo'nalish) bu erdagi temir yo'l stantsiyalari o'rtasida ketmoqda. Genk (Belgiya) va Maastrixt (Nederlandiya). Yana bir avtobus (yo'nalish 20A) jo'nayapti Xasselt, borish Maastrixt. Poezd aloqasi qurilmoqda.

Atrofga boring

Bunday kichik mamlakat bo'lganingiz uchun (maksimal masofa sifatida 300 km), bir necha soat ichida istalgan joyga borishingiz mumkin. Jamoat transporti to'liq ishlayotganda tez va qulay va juda qimmat emas. Kattaroq shaharlar o'rtasida tez-tez poezd aloqalari mavjud bo'lib, avtobuslar kichikroq masofani bosib o'tadi. Foydali sayt Smart Mobility Planner, bu butun mamlakat uchun uyma-uy marshrutni rejalashtiruvchiga ega bo'lib, jamoat transportining barcha turlarini qamrab oladi (shu jumladan poezd, avtobus, metro va tramvay).

Xaritaga nazar tashlasak, Bryussel Antverpen, Gent, Bryugge, Namur va Leyvenni kunduzgi sayohatlarda o'rganish uchun yaxshi boshlanish nuqtasidir. Antverpen kosmopolit joyda bo'lishni xohlovchilar orasida mashhur, Gent esa ochiq ko'ngilli provinsializmni yaxshi ko'radiganlar orasida eng yaxshi joy. Lyej chiroyli, ammo Germaniyaga juda yaqin, kunlik sayohatlar uchun yaxshi asos bo'lib xizmat qiladi. Mexelen sayyohlar tomonidan zerikarli deb hisoblanadi, ammo har 30 daqiqada boshqa hamma joyga boradigan poezdlar bilan temir yo'l stantsiyasi yonida juda yaxshi yoshlar yotoqxonasi mavjud.

Mahalliy diqqatga sazovor joylarni ko'rish uchun, ayniqsa Flandriya, velosipedda sayohat qilish uchun juda ko'p infratuzilma mavjud. Velosipedlarni deyarli hamma joyda ijaraga olish mumkin. Valoniyaning mamlakat tomonida tog 'velosipedlari mavjud va rafting Lyuksemburg bilan chegarada mashhur.

Poyezdda

• Belgiantrain.be sayohat rejalashtiruvchisi. Belgiya milliy temir yo'l kompaniyasi tomonidan boshqariladigan rasmiy sayohat rejalashtiruvchisidan poezd marshrutlari va narxlarini topish uchun foydalaning (2016 yil may oyida yangilandi)

Belgiyaning aksariyat qismi poezd bilan yaxshi bog'langan NMBS (Frantsiyadagi SNCB) Antverpen, Namur yoki Bryussel orqali o'tadigan asosiy yo'nalishlarning ko'pi bilan. Bu erda siz xalqaro poezdlarga etib borasiz va ikkalasiga ham Bryussel aeroportidan yoki Antverpen yoki Charleroi aeroportidan poezdda etib borishingiz mumkin. Transferlar juda oson. Barcha ICE va ba'zi Thalys chiptalariga ruxsat beriladi bir kunlik bepul o'tkazmalar mahalliy poezdlarda boshqa Belgiya stantsiyasiga. Shuningdek, Parijdan Gent, Bryugge va Oostende shaharlarigacha bo'lgan Thalys poezdlari bor, ular Antverpen yoki Bryusselda poezdlarni almashtirishga hojat yo'q. Londondan (Eurostar tomonidan) siz Bryusselda Antverpen, Lyuven yoki Gentga o'tishingiz kerak, ammo Bryugge uchun siz allaqachon Lill (Frantsiya) ga o'tishingiz mumkin, chunki Bryussel orqali burilish kerak emas. Lill va Bryusselda xodimlar juda foydali va tabassum qilishga tayyor.

Poezdlar o'z vaqtida va ko'pincha zamonaviy va qulay.

Belgiya poezdlaridagi oddiy tariflar Germaniya yoki Buyuk Britaniyaga qaraganda arzon, zahiraga hojat ham, imkoniyat ham yo'q. 2-darajali tariflar bundan yuqori ko'tarilmaydi €21.30 eng uzoq ichki sayohatlar uchun (bitta yo'l). 1-sinf narxi 50% qo'shimcha. Shov-shuv paytida poezdlar juda to'lib ketishi mumkin, shuning uchun o'sha paytlarda sizga joy olish uchun 1-chi chiptangiz kerak bo'lishi mumkin. Vokzalda siz naqd pul yoki kredit karta orqali to'lashingiz mumkin. Qaytish chiptalari dam olish kunlari 50% arzonroq.

Aksariyat chiptalar belgilangan kunda belgilangan marshrutga sotiladi, shuning uchun siz bilet olgan kuningiz istalgan poezdda ketishingiz mumkin. Poezdga qadam qo'yganingizda qo'shimcha tekshiruv bo'lmaydi.

Marshrutingizni SNCB / NMBS orqali rejalashtirishingiz mumkin veb-sayt, ilova (ingliz tilida mavjud, kechikishlar va bekor qilish to'g'risida real vaqtda ma'lumot beradi) yoki stantsiya xodimlaridan so'rab.

Siz orqali chiptalarni sotib olishingiz mumkin veb-sayt, ilova, savdo avtomatlari, chiptaxonalar va poezdda. Agar siz poyezdda chipta sotib olmoqchi bo'lsangiz, poezd konduktorini ogohlantirishingiz kerak. Poezdda chipta sotib olishdan saqlaning, chunki qo'shimcha pul to'lashingiz kerak bo'ladi €7 har bir chipta uchun. Ko'pgina kichik stantsiyalarda endi chiptaxonalar mavjud emas va agar mavjud bo'lsa, ular tez-tez ochilmaydi. Har bir bekatda kamida bitta avtomat mavjud. Agar chiptaxonalar yopiq bo'lsa va savdo avtomatlari ishlamasa, bu masalani konduktorga etkazsangiz, poezdda qo'shimcha to'lov olinmaydi.

Siz naqd pul va kredit karta bilan to'lashingiz mumkin. Shuningdek, siz PayPal orqali veb-sayt yoki dastur orqali to'lashingiz mumkin. Kontaktsiz to'lovlar ko'plab temir yo'l stantsiyalarida va ba'zi avtomatlarda qabul qilinadi. Savdo avtomatlarida naqd pul to'lashga kelsak, ular faqat tangalarga ruxsat berishadi, qog'oz qog'ozlarsiz. Chipta sotib olmaslik jarimaga tortilishi mumkin €225.

Agar siz bir nechta poezd safarlarini rejalashtirmoqchi bo'lsangiz, bu arzon variant Passga boring[3] 26 yoshgacha bo'lgan sayohatchilar uchun, bu sizga 10 ta bitta ikkinchi darajali sayohatlar (agar kerak bo'lsa, poezd o'zgarishini ham qo'shib beradi) €53. U bir yil davomida amal qiladi va hech qanday cheklovlarsiz boshqalar bilan baham ko'rilishi yoki boshqalarga berilishi mumkin. Agar siz 26 yoshdan katta bo'lsangiz, foydalanishingiz mumkin Temir yo'l dovoni. Bu xarajat €83 2-sinf uchun yoki €128 1-chi uchun. Ushbu paslardan foydalanishda siz poezdga chiqishdan oldin bo'sh qatorni qo'l bilan to'ldirganingizga ishonch hosil qiling. Pass to'g'ri to'ldirilmaganida, poezd konduktori juda ehtiyotkor bo'lishi mumkin. Ammo, agar siz vokzal xodimlariga minishdan oldin murojaat qilsangiz, ular sizga yordam berishdan xursand bo'lishadi. Shuningdek, platformada bo'lgan boshqa odamlardan qalamingiz bo'lmaganida ularning qalamidan foydalanishni so'rash odatiy holdir.

Agar siz Belgiya maktab ta'tilida, 26 yoshgacha bo'lgan odamlar uchun sayohat qilsangiz, eng arzon variant - bu a Unlimited-ga o'ting uchun o'tish €15 haftada yoki €25 bir oy (faqat iyul va avgust oylarida). Ushbu o'tish sizga har qanday (milliy) marshrutda 2-sinfdagi har qanday NMBS / SNCB poezdida o'tish va chiqish imkoniyatini beradi. Ushbu o'tish uchun sizga shaxsiy MoBIB karta kerak bo'ladi. Siz buni sotib olishingiz mumkin €5, faqat odam uchadigan kassada. Maktab ta'tillari yozgi ta'til (ikki oy: iyul va avgust), kuzgi ta'til (1 noyabr haftasi), Rojdestvo ta'tili (Rojdestvo va Yangi yil kunlarini o'z ichiga olgan ikki hafta), bahorgi ta'til (fevral oxirida bir hafta) - mart oyining boshi), Fisih tanaffusi (Pasxa atrofida ikki hafta). So'nggi ikki ta'tilning aniq sanalari har yili o'zgarib turadi.

Agar siz ma'lum bir tadbir yoki kontsertga tashrif buyurayotgan bo'lsangiz, poezdda sayohat qilish chiptaga kiritilmaganligini tekshiring. Rok Werchter, Pukkelpop yoki I Love Techno kabi ba'zi yirik festivallar va kontsertlar chiptalar narxiga poezdda sayohat qilishni o'z ichiga oladi. Tematik bog'lar yoki muzeylar kabi maxsus joylarga tashrif buyurish uchun ushbu parametr haqida ma'lumot bering. 'B-ekskursiyalar'. Shu tarzda siz kirish chiptasini va temir yo'l chiptasini temir yo'l stantsiyasida bittadan sotib olasiz. Bu har doim arzon narxlarda, odatda normal kirish chiptasi narxiga olib keladi €4-5 sayohat uchun. Stol agenti, albatta, sizga tafsilotlarni ko'rsatib beradi.

IC-poezdlar (InterCity), L-poezdlar (mahalliy, har bir bekatda to'xtaydi), P-poezdlar (shov-shuv vaqtida qo'shimcha poezdlar) va S-poyezdlar (katta shaharlarning chekkalariga xizmat ko'rsatish). Sayyohlar uchun, IC-poezdlar yoki AKT-poezdlar (turistik poezdlar) eng yaxshi variant, chunki ular tezroq, tez-tez va qulayroq. Belgilangan manzilga IC-poezd xizmat ko'rsatmasa, siz L-S va S-poezdlardan foydalanishingiz kerak. L-poezdlar va S-poyezdlar shov-shuv vaqtida tashqari, kamroq gavjum bo'lishadi. S-poyezdlari asosan yaqin atrofdagi yo'lovchilar uchun mo'ljallangan, ammo shahar ichidagi ba'zi sayohatlar uchun ham foydalanish mumkin. Misol tariqasida, Gent-Bryugge sayohati IC-poezdda 25 daqiqa va L-poezdda 42 daqiqa davom etadi, ammo narxi bir xil.

Poezdlar harakati jadvallari odatda 10-dekabrda o'zgaradi. Ushbu o'zgarishlar, odatda, bir nechta yangi temir yo'l stantsiyalari bilan tanishish va bir nechta oddiy yo'nalishlarni qo'shish bilan cheklanadi. Juda uzoq vaqt davomida hech qanday chiziqlar to'xtatilmagan. Bu erda siz topishingiz mumkin a Belgiya temir yo'llari va stantsiyalari xaritasi.

Avtobus va tramvayda

Avtobuslar katta shaharlarda tramvay va metro bilan birga butun mamlakatni qamrab oladi. Aksariyat marshrutlar qisqa masofani bosib o'tadi, ammo shahardan shaharga avtobusda borish mumkin. Biroq, bu poezdga qaraganda ancha sekinroq va biroz arzonroq. Kusttram ham bor [4], deyarli butun Flaman dengiz bo'yida Frantsiyadan Niderlandiyaga yugurish - albatta yozda sayohat qilish kerak.

Shaharlarda bitta zona uchun oddiy chipta hech qachon qimmatga tushmaydi €2va turli xil sayohat kartalari mavjud. Mahalliy transport turli kompaniyalar tomonidan ta'minlanadi: Bryusseldagi STIB / MIVB [5], De Lijn Flandriya va TEC Valoniyada va Bryusseldan tashqarida ular bir-birlarining chiptalarini qabul qilishmaydi. Chiptalarni chipta sotadigan mashinalardan sotib olganda arzonroq.

Aksariyat sayyohlarga avtobus kompaniyalari kerak bo'lmaydi, chunki shaharlar o'rtasida poezdlarda borish va ular ichida piyoda yurish juda qulaydir. Faqatgina Bryussel va Antverpenda metro bor, ammo u erda ham piyoda sayr qilishingiz mumkin. Bryusselning tarixiy markazi atigi 300 m (980 fut) dan 400 m (1300 fut) uzunlikka teng. Antverpen ancha kattaroq, ammo otli murabbiyda sayr qilish metroga qaraganda yaxshiroq ko'rinish beradi.

Mashinada

Belgiyada zamonaviy bepul avtomagistrallarning zich tarmog'i mavjud, ammo Valoniyadagi ba'zi ikkilamchi yo'llar yaxshi ta'mirlanmagan. Belgilar har doim faqat mahalliy tilda, faqat Bryusselqaerda ular ikki tilli. Belgiyaning ko'plab shaharlari golland va frantsuz tillarida nomlari turlicha bo'lganligi sababli, bu chalkashlikka olib kelishi mumkin. Masalan, Mons frantsuz tilida Bergen golland tilida; Antverpen deyiladi Antverpen golland tilida va Anvers frantsuz tilida; Liège frantsuz tilida Luik golland tilida va Lyuttich nemis tilida va boshqalar. Bu hatto Belgiya tashqarisidagi shaharlarga ham tegishli; Flaman trassasi bo'ylab harakatlanayotganda siz belgini ko'rishingiz mumkin Rijsel, bu Frantsiyaning shahri Lill yoki Aken, Germaniya shahri bo'lgan Axen. Chiqish joylari so'z bilan belgilanadi Uit (tashqarida) Flaman hududlarida, Sortie valon mintaqalarida va Ausfahrt nemis tilida so'zlashadiganlarda.

Belgiyada haydovchilar ham "o'ngdan ustunlik" qoidasini bilishlari kerak. Yo'l kesishmalarida, o'ng tomondan kelayotgan transport harakati, agar belgilar yoki yulka belgilarida boshqacha ko'rsatilmagan bo'lsa, harakatlanish huquqiga ega. Bunday o'tish joylarini shahar va shahar atroflarida uchratish ehtimoli katta. Kuzatuvchi mehmonlar o'ng tomonlarida chuqurlari bo'lgan ko'plab mashinalarni ko'rishadi! Himoyada harakatlaning, shunda avtomobilingiz xuddi shunday taqdirdan qochadi.

Belgiyada avtomobil yo'lining belgilari, ayniqsa, ikkilamchi yo'llarda juda noqulay. Mizanpazada va rangda bir xillik yo'q; ko'pchilik yomon ahvolda, noqulay ahvolda yoki oddiygina yo'qolgan. Yaxshi yo'l xaritasi (Michelin, De Rouck, Falk) yoki GPS tizimi tavsiya etiladi. Belgiya Evropaning E raqamlaridan faqat asosiy yo'nalishlarda foydalanadigan kam sonli davlatlardan biridir.

Magistral yo'lda va ikkinchi darajali yo'llarda qattiq tezyurar kameralar bilan bir qatorda yirik shaharlar atrofida avtomagistrallarda juda ko'p kilometr yuradigan o'rtacha tezlik kameralari ham mavjud.

Avtomobil ijarasi

Ba'zi bir ijaraga beriladigan avtoulovlar "nav nav" bilan jihozlangan, ammo siz mashinangizni bron qilayotganda buni so'rashingiz yaxshi bo'ladi. Ehtimol, bu Belgiyada A dan B ga o'tishning eng ishonchli usuli. Shu tarzda siz Belgiyaning ba'zi joylarini, qanchalik tekis bo'lsa ham ko'rasiz, ammo shaharlardagi me'morchilik hayratga soladigan narsadir. Belgiyaning shaharlari va qishloqlari naqadar toza ekanligidan hayratda qolasiz. Har qanday tushdan keyin haydang va o'z uylari oldida ko'chaga g'amxo'rlik qilayotgan odamlarni ko'rasiz - bu qishloqning haqiqiy tarixini his qiladi.

Tezlik ushlagichlar tez-tez yo'llar bo'ylab joylashtiriladi va mast holda oz miqdordagi transport vositalarini boshqarish jiddiy jazo choralari bilan ta'minlanadi €125 joyida jarima 0,05 foizga va 0,08 foizga. Tizimingizdagi bu miqdordagi alkogoldan va siz 6 oygacha ozodlikdan mahrum qilish va 5 yil davomida haydovchilik guvohnomasidan mahrum bo'lish bilan duch kelasiz.

Bosh barmog'i bilan

Avtostopchilar uchun eng yaxshi joy. Faqat ko'tarishni so'rang! Shaharlarning nomlari yozilgan karton yozuvlari, tezda ko'tarilishga yordam beradi.

• Bryusseldan chiqib ketish: Janub tomon (masalan, Namur) qarab, "Delta" nomli metro stansiyasiga boring.

Uning yonida sizda ulkan "park va minish" va avtobus bekatlari mavjud. Avtobus to'xtash joyi yaqinida avtoulov transport harakati vaqtida 5 daqiqadan kamroq vaqt ichida sizni bosib o'tishi kerak.

• Gent / Bryuggega boring: Berchem-ste-Agathe shahridagi "Basilix" deb nomlangan Savdo markazi yaqinidagi yaxshi joy. Bu erga N ° 87 avtobus bilan etib borishingiz mumkin.

Shimolga borish uchun muqobil joy Anderlextda, Erasme / Erasmus kasalxonasi (Erasme / Erasmus metro stantsiyasi) yaqinida joylashgan.

• Liège / Xasseltga boring: Metrogacha Schaarbeekdagi "Diamant" stantsiyasiga boring. Vokzaldan chiqib ketayotganda siz o'zingizning ostingizda juda ko'p chiqadigan mashinalarni ko'rishingiz kerak. Just walk and follow the roadsigns mentioning 'E40'. You should arrive in a small street giving access to a road joigning the E40 (the cars are leaving a tunnel at this point). Just hitchhike on the emergency lane at this point, in the portion near the tunnel. Cars should still be riding slowly at this point and see you are visible to them, so it's not that dangerous.
• Leaving Louvain-la-Neuve (University) to Brussels (north) or to Namur (south), stand at the roundabout next to exit/entrance "8a" near to "Louvain la Neuve-centre" road signs. Quick lift guaranteed. Avoid exit 7 or 9, since they have far less traffic.

Qarang

Mostly known for its key role in European Union administration, the small nation of Belgium might leave you surprised by its rich and gorgeous heritage. It boasts a number of fascinatingly historic cities packed with medieval and Art Nouveau architecture and famous for their long traditions in arts, fashion and fine dining. If you've seen the best of them, the Belgian countryside offers anything from sandy beaches to the densely forested hills and ridges of the Ardennes.

Brussels, the country's vibrant capital, is a modern world city with a highly international character. It combines massive post-modern buildings in its European Quarter with impressive historic monuments, such as the World Heritage listed Grand Place, surrounded by guildhouses and the Gothic town hall. There's Laken Castle and the large St. Michael and St. Gudula Cathedral, dedicated to the cities patron saints. The Royal Palace is a more recent but no less grand structure. One of the city's most famous landmarks is the Atomium, a remarkable steel structure and remnant of the 1958 World's Fair. And yet, with all those magnificent sights at hand, many travellers' favourite is a tiny bronze fountain in the shape of a peeing boy: the curious Manneken Pis. The Walloon Brabant province, a few kilometres south of Brussels, is certainly worth a visit. There you can visit the Lion's Mound in Waterloo or the beautiful Villers Abbey in Villers-la-Ville.

Perhaps the most popular of the Belgian cities is Bruges. Much of the excellent architecture that arose during the towns Golden Age, roughly the 14th century, remains intact and the old centre is a valued YuNESKOning Jahon merosi ro'yxati. Among its most prominent landmarks is the 13th century belfry, where the carillonneur still rings the bells on a daily basis. With countless other noteworthy monuments, Bruges is a highly popular destination and get a bit overcrowded during holidays. And then there's Ghent, which in ages past was one of the wealthiest cities in northern Europe. Although larger and much busier than Bruges, its excellent medieval architecture can definitely compete. Its beguinages, belfry and former cloth hall are World Heritage Sites. Or visit Antwerp, the country's current place to be as it is a hotspot of the Belgian fashion, clubbing, arts and diamonds scenes. Nevertheless, the city's timeless old centre is right up there with the others, boasting the countries most stunning cathedrals. Other pleasant cities with good sights include Leuven, with the oldest Catholic University still in use and Liège.

In Wallonia, don't miss the city of Mons which has been the Cultural Capital of Wallonia since 2002. In 2015 the city had the honour of being the Cultural Capital of Europe. Mons is the largest and most important city in the Province of Hainaut, of which it is the administrative and judicial centre. One of its primary aims, however, has been to safeguard its heritage to better share it with the growing numbers of tourists to the area. Three major masterpieces, the Belfry, the Neolithic flint mines at Spiennes and the Doudou, all of which have been added to UNESCO's World Heritage List, can be found in and around Mons.

For hiking, biking and camping, head to the rugged hills of the Ardennes with their tight forests, caves and cliffs. They are home to wild boar, deer and lynx and hide a number of friendly villages, lots of castles and a few other notable sights. The impressive caves of Han-sur-Lesse, castle of Bouillon and the modern Labyrinth of Barvaux are some of the best picks. The city of Namur makes a great base from where to explore the Ardennes and has some fine sights itself too. The city is beautifully located along the rivers Meuse and Sambre and from the ancient citadel you'll have a great view over town.

The Belgians brought forward a good number of world famous masters of art, and their love for arts is still today reflected in the range of fine arts museums. The Musées Royaux des Beaux-Arts in Brussels and the Koninklijk Museum voor Schone Kunsten in Antwerp are just a few excellent examples. However, the Belgians love museums, with over 80 of them in the capital alone. Besides arts, they display anything from history and folklore to industry and technology. As some of the worst fighting of both World Wars took place on Belgian territory, there's also a large number of memorials and museums dedicated to those dark times, along some humbling military cemeteries.

Qil

• Mons International Love Film Festival: yearly festival of cinema (February)
• Ritual Ducasse of Mons: Doudou is the popular name for a week of collective jubilation that takes place in Mons on the weekend of the Trinity each year. There are four key moments: The Descent of the Shrine, The Procession, The Ascent of the Car d’Or and The Battle called Lumeçon (Trinity Sunday).
• Ethias Tennis Trophy: one of the better matches in the world. (October / Mons)
• Ommegang: a parade in Brussels that celebrates the beginning of the reign of Charles V of Habsburg. It takes place on the stunning cityscape of the Grand Place and involves thousands of stunts in period costume.
• Zinnekeparade: the yearly celebration of the Brusseler's spirit - the theme changes each year and involves costumes & chariots made by volunteers and locals.
• DOCVILLE - International Documentary Film Festival, Naamsestraat 96, 3000 Leuven, ☏ 32-16-320300. International Documentary Film Festival in the beginning of May, with national and international competition in the city of Leuven. Selected films have a focus on cinematography. €4.50-6.  

• Graspop Metal Meeting. Yearly heavy metal festival held in the town of Dessel, in June. 

• Carnaval de Binche. Three days in February the town of Binche is transported back to the 16th century for one of the most fantastic festivals of the year. Highlighted by music parades and fireworks, the climax of this event is when the Gilles appear on the Grand Place and throw oranges to the spectators. This infamous festivity has been classified as part of the world's cultural heritage by UNESCO along with its renowned Gilles. 
• Rock Werchter. End of June, beginning of July, Werchter. 
• Dour festival. "European Alternative Music Event" - 12–15 July 2007 - Dour. 
• Pukkelpop. Mid- August 
• Atomium built for the 1958 Brussels World Fair (Expo ’58), it is a 102 metre tall representation of an atomic unit cell. More precisely, it is symbolic of a unit cell of an iron crystal magnified 165 billion times. Nine steel spheres 16m in diameter connect via tubes with escalators 32 m long.
• Gentse Feesten. 2nd half of July. Huge, ten day long street festival in the historical centre of the city of Ghent. The biggest street festival in Europe, with theatre, music in all genres, techno parties, and so on - Gentse Feesten 
• Activiteiten Gent & Antwerpen, Rerum Novarumlaan 132 (Merksem), ☏ 32 475 696 880. Great boat tours around Ghent and Antwerp. 
• 24 hours cycling, Louvain-La-Neuve Louvain-La-Neuve is in the Wallonia not far from Brussel, it's a small pedestrian city created in the 60s for the French-speakers students. Every year, in October, they organised a bicycle competition. Actually, the course is a pretext to enjoy the event... And to drink beers. This party is one of the most important consumption of beers of the whole Europe.
• Belgian Beer Tour Belgian Beer Tour is a tour operator specialising in tours of Belgium breweries. It offers a great way for beer lovers to visit their favourite breweries and discover new ones. The tours cover a wide range of beers and appeals to connoisseurs and amateurs alike.
• International Short Film Festival Leuven, Naamsestraat 96, 3000 Leuven, ☏ 32-16-320300. International Short Film Festival with many foreign guests and directors. Focus on the best Flemish and European short films. €4.50-6.  
• TomorrowLand, De Schorre, Boom. 
• Flowercorso Loenhout, Loenhout Centre. one of the largest flower corsos of Belgium. With the title of Royal Corso their theme cars and floats are totally covered with over flowers and go up to 80 feet length. Every year, start of September €2-8. 

Gapir

See also: Dutch phrasebook, French phrasebook

Belgium has three official languages at the federal level: Dutch, Frantsuz va German. However, one will quickly notice that the Belgian versions of these languages possess a few idiosyncrasies:

• Flemish Dutch is not always easy to understand for other Dutch-speakers. Flemings tend to sound more formal than the Dutch, and certain vowels may be pronounced differently, often in a way that sound like British English. Flemish Dutch is also a lot less "guttural" than its northern counterpart.
• The French spoken in Belgium, whilst marked by distinct annunciations and intonations, is mostly intelligible to the average French person, and younger generations in urban areas like Brussels tend to speak with a relatively standard French accent. Nevertheless, some "rural" accents can come off as harsh to the casual listener (especially those around Charleroi and near the German border). Walloon French also incorporates rather archaic sayings and idioms, and Anglicized words are used more profusely than in France or Quebec.
• The German spoken in Belgium is nearly identical to Hochdeutsch (standard German) but, not unlike Walloon French, incorporates antiquated sayings. German-speaking Belgians also speak a lot more slowly than Germans.

Although Belgium has three official languages, that does not mean that all of them are official everywhere. The official language of Flanders is Dutch and the official language of Wallonia is French. Brussels' official languages are Dutch and French (though French is more commonly spoken) and German is the official language in nine municipalities in Wallonia (Eupen and its surroundings).

Virtually all Flemish people are bilingual in both Dutch and French, whereas the Walloons are typically monolingual and don't speak any Dutch. Even though German is an official language, less than 1% of the population understands it fluently and you're unlikely to find speakers of the language outside the German-speaking community.

English is widely spoken by the younger generations in the Dutch-speaking areas and Brussels. In contrast, English is not as widely spoken in the French-speaking areas, though it is still possible to find English speakers. English may not be understood by the oldest of Belgians.

It's important to note that language is a highly sensitive issue in Belgium, and there's no place in Europe other than Belgium where you can get into trouble for using the "wrong language". Refer to the section on 'Respect' for more.

A very small number of inhabitants of Wallonia, particularly the older generations, still speak the Walloon language. This language, while not official, is recognized by the French Community of Belgium as an "indigenous regional language", together with a number of other Romance (Champenois, Lorrain and Picard) and Germanic (Luxembourgian) language varieties. On the flipside, Italian is rather commonplace in Wallonia due to immigration. (At least 10% of Walloons can trace their origins back to Italy.)

Due to its international status, Brussels is home to a myriad of other languages; in addition to English being widespread, it is possible to find people who speak Italian, Spanish, Portuguese, Russian, Arabic, etc.

In Belgium, foreign films and TV shows are available in their original language with French and Dutch subtitles in Flanders and Brussels cinemas and in the Dutch-language TV channels. Only children's TV shows and movies are dubbed.

In Wallonia, all movies and TV shows have a dubbed version in French or German and selected foreign films/TV shows have an original language version (marked with a "VO" in the cinema listing or in the case of TV shows, can be accessed through the remote control).

Sotib oling

Money

Exchange rates for euros As of 04 January 2021: US$1 ≈ €0.816 UK£1 ≈ €1.12 Australian $1 ≈ €0.63 Canadian $1 ≈ €0.642 Exchange rates fluctuate. Current rates for these and other currencies are available from XE.com

Belgium uses the euro, like several other European countries. One euro is divided into 100 cents. The official symbol for the euro is €, and its ISO code is EUR. There is no official symbol for the cent.

All banknotes and coins of this common currency are legal tender within all the countries, except that low-denomination coins (one and two cent) are phased out in some of them. The banknotes look the same across countries, while coins have a standard common design on the reverse, expressing the value, and a national country-specific design on the obverse. The obverse is also used for different designs of commemorative coins. The design of the obverse does not affect the use of the coin.

Tipping

Tipping in Belgium is not usually done as service charge is always included. However, you may tip as a sign of appreciation. Usually, this is done by paying in bank notes with a total value slightly higher than the price of the meal and telling the waiter/waitress that they can keep the change.

Items

• Belgian chocolate: A long tradition has given Belgian chocolate a superior refinement process that is recognized worldwide.
• Laces in Bruges
• Designer fashions in Antwerp
• Jewelry in one of Antwerps many jewelry shops
• Beer
• Belgian comic books and related merchandising, especially in Brussels

Yemoq

Belgians like to eat. Belgium is famous for its good cuisine and people like to go to restaurants frequently. Best description for Belgian food would be "French food in German quantities".

General rules

• As anywhere else in the world, avoid the tourist traps, where the touts are trying to get you in the restaurants. You will get average to bad quality food for average to high prices, and, at busy times, they will try to get rid of you as soon as possible to make space for the next customer. A good example of this is the famous "Rue des Bouchers/Beenhouwersstraat" in Brussels in this picture.
• Belgium is a country that understands what eating is all about and can be a real gastronomic paradise. You can have a decent meal in about every tavern, from small snacks to a complete dinner. Just pop into one of those and enjoy it.
• If you want to eat really well for not too much money, ask the local people or the hotel manager (that is, supposing he does not have a brother restaurant-manager) to give some advice for a good restaurant. Not a bad idea is to find a restaurant or tavern a little bit outside of the cities (if advised by some locals) they are usually not too expensive but deliver decent to high quality food. And ordering the specialties during the season will be both beneficial for your wallet and the quality of the food.
• Quality has its price: since the introduction of the euro, price for eating out in Belgium nearly doubled. Expensive food like lobster or turbot will always cost a lot of money at any restaurant. But you can also find some local and simple dishes, rather cheap and still very tasty (such as sausages, potatoes and spinach). Normally a dinner (3 dishes) will be around €30-50 depending your choices of food and restaurant. And for cheap, greasy food, just find a local frituur, also called a frietkot yoki friterie, it will be the best Belgian Fries you'll have had in ages. However, when you are in such a frituur, it may be best to avoid snacks (other than the fries themselves, and the rich choice in sauces that comes with them), which are generally fried and made out of low-quality scrap meat. Do NOT order a cheeseburger or hamburger in such a place! The so-called burger which you would get if you do, is especially notorious for being fried and containing a mixture of low-quality meat.

Specialities

A number of dishes are considered distinctly Belgian specialities and should be on every visitor's agenda.

Mussels are a firm favorite and a side-dish of Moules et frites/Mosselen met friet (Mussels with French fries). The traditional way is to cook them in a pot with white wine and/or onions and celery, then eat them up using only a mussel shell to scoop them out. The top season is September to April, and as with all other shellfish, do emas eat the closed ones. Belgium's mussels always come from the nearby Netherlands. Imports from other countries are looked down on.

Balletjes/Boulettes are meatballs with fries. They will either be served with a tomato sauce or with the sauce from Liège, which is based on a local syrup. For this reason they will often be introduced as Boulets Liégeois.

Frikadellen met krieken are also meatballs, served with cherries in a sauce of cherryjuice. This is eaten with bread.

Stoemp is mashed potatoes and carrots with bacon and sausages. It is a typical meal from Brussels.

Stoofvlees (or Carbonade flamande) is a traditional beef stew and is usually served with (you have guessed it already) fries.

Witloof met kaassaus/Chicons au gratin is a traditional gratin of chicory with ham and a cheesy bechamel sauce, usually served with mashed potatoes or croquettes.

Konijn met pruimen: rabbit cooked in beer and dried plums.

Despite the name, French fries (frieten in Dutch, frites in French) are proudly claimed as a Belgian invention. Whether or not this is true, they certainly have perfected it — although not everybody agrees with their choice of mayonnaise over ketchup as the preferred condiment (ketchup is often considered to be "for kids").

Every village has at least one frituur/friterie, an establishment selling cheap take-away fries, with a huge choice of sauces and fried meat to go with them. The traditional thing to try is friet met stoofvlees, but remember the mayonnaise on it .

Waffles (wafels in Dutch, gaufres in French) come in two types:

• Gaufres de Bruxelles/Brusselse wafels: a light and airy variety.
• a heavier variety with a gooey center known as Gaufres de Liège/Luikse wafels.

The latter are often eaten as a street/ take-away snack while shopping and therefore can be found at stands on the streets of the cities.

Last but not least, Belgian chocolate is famed around the world. Famous chocolatiers include Godiva, Leonidas, Guylian, Galler, Marcolini and Neuhaus, with Godiva, Leonidas and Neuhaus being official suppliers of chocolate to the Belgian royal family. In nearly all supermarkets, you can buy the brand Côte d'Or, generally considered the best 'everyday' chocolate (for breakfast or break) among Belgians.

International

As a small country in the centre of western Europe, the cuisine is influenced not only by the surrounding countries but also by many other countries. This is also emphasized by many foreigners coming to this country to make a living here, for instance by starting a restaurant. You can find all types of restaurants:

• French/Belgian: A traditional Belgian restaurant serves the kind of food you will also find in the best French restaurants. Of course there are local differences: at the coast (in France as well as in Belgium) you have a better chance to find some good seafood, like mussels, turbot, sole or the famous North Sea shrimp. In the southern woods of the Ardennes (remember the battle of the Bulge?), you are better off choosing game or local fish like trout.
• English/Irish: There are Irish bars and pubs everywhere and Belgium is no exception, try the Schuman area of Brussels for more Irish pubs than you can shake a stick at. There is also an English pub just off of Place de la Monnaie in central Brussels.
• American: There are McDonald's or lookalikes in most towns. The Belgian variety is called "Quick". You may also find a local booth serving sausages, hot dogs or hamburgers. Try it: the meat tastes the same, but the bread is much better. Ketchup in this region is made with less sugar (even the Heinz brand). Pizza Hut, Domino's, and Subway also have establishments, but you won't find Burger King. There are no real American restaurants, although there is an American bar on the Toison d'Or in Brussels that serves food.
• Italian: Roughly 500,000 people in Belgium are Italian or have Italian heritage, and ties have been historically close between Belgium and Italy, so finding a tasty pizza or mouth-watering pastas is not difficult, especially in Brussels and Wallonia.
• Mexican: Only in the cities and rather costly for only medium quality. ChiChi's (near Bourse) serves Mexican American food but would not be considered a good value by American standards. ChiChi's uses reconstituted meats.
• Chinese: They have a long tradition of restaurants in Belgium. Rather cheap, but an acceptable quality.
• German/Austrian: Maxburg in the Schuman area (next to Spicy Grill) makes a good schnitzel.
• Greek/Spanish/Italian: Like all over the world, nice, rather cheap, with a good atmosphere and typical music (Greek: Choose meat, especially lamb) (Spanish: Choose paella and tapas) (Italian: Choose anything).
• Japanese/Thai: You usually find them only in the cities and they are rather expensive, but they give you great quality. The prices and the quality are both satisfying in a concentrated cluster of Thai restaurants near Bourse station. Avoid Phat Thai though if you don't want disruptions - as they let pan handlers and flower pushers enter and carry out their "work".
• Arabic/Moroccan: Rather cheap, with a great variety of local dishes, especially with lamb; no fish or pork or beef.
• Turkish: Rather cheap, with a great variety of local dishes, especially with chicken and lamb and also vegetarian dishes, dishes with fish are rare; no pork or beef.
• Belgium offers a wide selection of other international restaurants.

Ichish

For party-minded people, Belgium can be great. Most cities are close to each other and are either large urban areas (Brussels, Antwerp) or student areas (Leuven, Liège, Ghent), etc. In this little region, you will find the most clubs, cafés, restaurants per square mile in the world. A good starting point can be places with a strong student/youth culture: Leuven around its big university, Liège in the famous "carré" district, etc. You can expect a wide variety in music appreciation, going from jazz to the better electronic music to even some solid heavy metal bars. Just ask around for the better clubs and there you will most likely meet some music fanatics who can show you the better underground parties in this tiny country.

The government has a mostly liberal attitude towards bars, clubs and parties. They acknowledge the principle of "live and let live". As long as you don't cause public disturbance, vandalize property and get too drunk, the police will not intervene; this is also one of the main principles of Belgian social life, as drunk and disorderly behaviour is generally considered offensive. Of course, in student communities this is more tolerated, but generally, you are most respected if you party as hard as you like- but with a sense of discretion and self-control.

Officially, drugs are not allowed. But as long as you respect the aforementioned principles, you are not likely to get into serious trouble. Beware though, that driving under the influence of alcohol and drugs is not tolerated and traffic laws are strictly enforced in this matter. Especially in the weekends on main roads, you have a good chance of being stopped for an alcohol check.

Water

Tap water is drinkable everywhere in Belgium, but most restaurants do not serve it. Hot spring or some other mineral water is typically served and costs about €2 per bottle.Spa is like bru and chaudfontaine a very famous water brand.

Beer

Belgium is to beer what France is to wine; it is home to one of the greatest beer traditions in the world. Like other European countries in medieval times, beers were brewed in a huge variety of ways with many different ingredients. In addition to the standard ingredients of water, malted barley, hops and yeast, many herbs and spices were also used. This activity was often done in monasteries, each developing a particular style. For some reason, uniquely in Belgium many of these monasteries survived almost into modern times, and the process was handed over to a local commercial brewer if the monastery closed. These brewers would often augment the recipe and process slightly to soften the taste to make it more marketable, but the variety survived in this way. These beers are called Abbey beers and there are hundreds and hundreds with a range of complex tastes unimaginable until you've tried them.

The Trappist label is controlled by international law, similar to that of Champagne in France. There are only six Trappist Abbeys in Belgium that produce beer qualified to be called Trappist. In order to carry the Trappist label, there are several rules that must be adhered to during the brewing process. The beer must be fermented within the walls of the abbey, the monks of the abbey must be involved in the beer-making process, and profit from the sale of the beer must be directed towards supporting the monastery (similar to a non-profit organization).

Belgium offers an incredible diversity of beers. Wheat / white beers (with their mixture of barley and wheat) as well as Lambic beers (sour-tasting wheat beers brewed by spontaneous fermentation) originated in Belgium. For the non-beer lovers, lambic beers are still interesting to try, as they are often brewed in fruity flavors and don't have a usual beer taste. Several well known mass-produced Belgian beers are Stella Artois, Duvel, Leffe, Jupiler, Hoegaarden. The names given to some beers are pretty imaginative: e.g. Verboden Vrucht (Forbidden Fruit), Mort Subite (Sudden Death), De Kopstoot (Head Butt), Judas and Delirium Tremens.

Warmly recommended are also Kriek (sweet and sour cherry beer) and, for the Christmas season, Stille Nacht (Silent night).

Plain blond draughts (4%-5.5%): Stella Artois, Jupiler, Maes, Cristal, Primus, Martens, Bavik.

Trappist ales (5%-10%): Achel, Chimay, Orval, Rochefort, Westvleteren, Westmalle.

Geuze: Belle-Vue, the lambic Mort Subite (Sudden Death), Lindemans in Sint-Pieters-Leeuw, Timmermans, Boon, Cantillon, 3 Fonteinen, Oud Beersel, Giradin, Hanssens, De Troch.

White beers: Hoegaarden, Dentergemse, Brugse Witte.

Jenever

The city of Hasselt is well known in Belgium for its local alcoholic beverage, called jenever. It is a rather strong liquor, but it comes in all kinds of tastes beyond your imagination, including vanilla, apple, cactus, kiwi, chocolate. Hasselt lies in the east of Belgium, and is about one hour away by train from Brussels and 50 minutes from Antwerp. Trains go two times an hour from Antwerp.

Publar

Pubs, or cafés, are wide spread. They all have a large variety of alcoholic and non-alcoholic, hot and cold beverages.Some serve food, others don't.Some might be specialised in beer, or wine, or cocktails, or something else.Smoking in pubs is forbidden by law.

Uyqu

Byudjet

• Couchsurfing. has a lot of members in Belgium 
• Vrienden op de fiets. If you are travelling in Flanders by bicycle or by foot, there is a list of 260 addresses where you can stay at private homes with bed and breakfast for no more than €18.50 per person per night, although you must also pay €9 for membership of this scheme. 

Hotels

Belgium has many fine hotels. Capital Brussels has countless rather expensive business hotels catering to the European Union's bureaucrats, and while you can usually get a good room for under €100, prices can spike if there's a big EU shindig in town.

O'rganing

The different stages of education are the same in all communities:

• Basic education (Dutch: basisonderwijs; French: enseignement fondamental), consisting of
  • Pre-school (kleuteronderwijs; einseignement maternel): -6 years
  • Primary school (lager onderwijs; enseignement primaire): 6–12 years
• Secondary school (secundair onderwijs; enseignement secondaire): 12–18 years
• Higher education (hoger onderwijs; enseignement supérieure)
  • University (universiteit; université)
  • Polytechnic (hogeschool; haute école)

Education is organized by the regions (Dutch-speaking Flanders on the one hand, French and German speaking Wallonia on the other) and the small federal district of Brussels has schools run by both the Flemish and Walloon authorities. Both states recognize independent school networks, which cater to far more students than the state schools themselves. Most Flemish students go to a Flemish Catholic school. However, every independent school needs to follow the official state curriculum, and Catholicism in Flanders has long been extremely liberal anyway.

Work

Having one of the highest labour taxes in Europe, Belgium is struggling to reposition itself as a high-tech country. In that struggle, Flanders is far ahead and much wealthier than Wallonia, in contrast to the previous decades, where Wallonia's steel industry was the main export of Belgium. Highly skilled people will have the most chance to find work, and knowing multiple languages (Dutch, French, English and perhaps German) is almost a standard requirement. Interim offices providing temporary jobs are flourishing in a search to avoid the high labour taxes.

Belgium has one of the highest tax rates in the world. An employer who pays a salary about €1500 a month actually pays another €1500 or more in taxes. Where does this money go to? It goes to social security. People only pay a small charge for healthcare, for example. And the budget for education, arts and culture is enormous. The budget for defense is however very tiny.

Although Belgium is undesirable for building wealth, it's a good place for someone who already is wealthy to reside because there is very little capital gains tax (some forms of capital gain is not taxed at all).

Xavfsiz bo'ling

With the notable exceptions of certain parts of Brussels (mostly the northern and western sections of the region) and Antwerp, Belgium is a very safe country. Tourists should not have to fear for their lives when taking basic precautions and knowing where they are going. Crimes such as murder are uncommon and natural hazards are rare.

As with much of Europe, however, petty crimes like pickpocketing do occur regularly, mostly in Brussels and more touristy cities, Bruges and Antwerp being prime examples. Aggravated assaults have occurred sporadically throughout the years, but they rarely involve tourists, except in Brussels.

Muslims and people of North African or Middle Eastern ancestry may experience mild resentment from certain people, a problem that is particularly acute among older generations, in rural areas, and wealthier sections of Brussels va Antwerp. The burqa va niqab are illegal in public. With all that said, Belgians are noticeably more welcoming towards Muslims than other Europeans, and public expressions against Islam have become widely condemned.

People who are recognisably Jewish, such as men who wear kippot, have also experienced harassment and worse, and should check on current conditions for Jews before they go.

Marijuana laws are quite lenient, with small amounts only punishable by fines. You may get into trouble for smoking weed in public, though.

The emergency phone number in Belgium (fire, police, paramedics) is 112.

Stay healthy

In the winter, like most other European countries, only influenza will cause you a considerable inconvenience. No inoculations are needed to enter or leave Belgium.

Tap water is safe to drink throughout Belgium.

Ulanmoq

Belgium has a modern telephone system with nationwide cellular telephone coverage, and multiple internet access points in all cities, free in most libraries. Also in multiple gas stations, NMBS/SNCB train stations and diners on the highways there is Wi-Fi available.

• Many cafés offer free Wi-Fi nowadays, but don't write it on the door for whatever reason...
• if you can't find any you can always fall back on Quick, McDonalds, Lunch Garden, Carrefour Planet yoki Starbucks which all offer free Wi-Fi.

Belgium has some of the slowest internet speeds in Western Europe.

Mobil

Belgium uses the GSM standard of cellular phones (900 MHz and 1800 MHz bands) used in much of the world except parts of the Americas. There are three main companies (Proximus, Orange and Base, and a large number of MVNOs) offering wireless service. The country is almost totally covered.

It is no longer possible to buy anonymous prepaid SIM cards in Belgium as a result of new Belgian anti-terror legislation. Buying a SIM card in advance from Mobile Vikings now requires name and address registration. If you stay for some time, buy a pre-paid cell phone card that you can use in any phone that supports the GSM standard on the 900/1800 MHz bands. With these cards, incoming calls and SMSes are generally free. You can get SIM cards for the three main companies in dedicated phone shops.

All networks provide UMTS and HSDPA (3G) mobile internet coverage, and are rolling out a 4G network, mainly in the big cities.

Respect

Giving tips in bars or restaurants is virtually unheard of, even in larger cities. Doing so does shows that you were satisfied with the service given, but you are absolutely not obliged to do so. Depending on the total, a tip of €0.50 ga €2.50 is considered generous.

Belgians in general are very proud of their comic book artists. The "Belgian school of comic books" is hailed as a national point of pride. There are dozens of beautiful yet expensive merchandise items, and the Belgians are fond of them. A plastic figurine of a comic book character or a special artwork of a hailed comic book artist would be a perfect gift for your Belgian friends and in-laws, for example.

Try to show appreciation for some of the things made in Belgium. For instance, French fries, beers, comic books, chocolate, and the like. Inquiries about them will be welcomed and appreciated by the vast majority of Belgians.

Do not speak French in Flanders or Dutch in Valoniya. Even if you're looking to practice your language skills, try not to speak the wrong language in the wrong region as it can be considered offensive. Some people won't hesitate to either dismiss you or at worst give an icy response. This doesn't apply to the German-speaking areas (as the German-speaking community is an observer in the Flanders-Wallonia dispute) and Brussels. As a tourist, it's better to communicate in English as it's considered to be the "diplomatic" language of the country.

The Flanders-Wallonia dispute and the possibility of Belgium partitioning are highly controversial issues and should be avoided. You should avoid discussing them where possible.

As with many countries in Europe, Inquiring about someone's salary or talking about your own is uncommon and in conversation is a great way to make someone feel uncomfortable. Similarly, discussing personal, political, or religious convictions are no-go areas until you're better acquainted with someone.

Do not tell the Walloons (and most of the people of Brussels) that they are French. Most Walloons, despite speaking French, are not and do not consider themselves French. And, for similar reasons, do not tell the Flemish (and also the people of Brussels) that they are Dutch. Most Flemings, despite speaking Dutch (Flemish), are not and do not consider themselves Dutch. The same applies to the 75,000 German-speaking Belgians, who have a heavy historical background with their neighbour Germany.