Kambodja - Cambodia

Qirolligi Kambodja (កម្ពុជា) ichida Janubi-sharqiy Osiyo. Esa Angkor vat Kambodjaning shonli tarixini yodga oladi, mamlakat mustamlakachilik tomonidan vayron qilingan Hind xitoy urushiva Khmer Rouge rejimi va bugungi kunda Osiyoning eng qashshoq mamlakatlaridan biri hisoblanadi.

Mintaqalar

Kambodja mintaqalari - Rang bilan belgilangan xarita

Kardamon va fil tog'lari (Battambang, Kampot, Koh Kong, Pailin, Pursat, Sianukvill, Bokor milliy bog'i, Kep) g'arbiy tog 'tizmalari, qirg'oq bo'yidagi plyajlar va dengizdagi orollar

Shimoliy-g'arbiy Kambodja (Angkor arxeologik parki, Anlong Veng, Siem Reap, Sisofon, Koh Ker, Poipet, Tonle Sap ko'li, Preah Vihear) Angkor, aksariyat mehmonlarning Kambodjaga kelishining asosiy sababi, shuningdek, ulkan ko'l va shimoliy tog'lar

Mekong pasttekisliklari va Markaziy tekisliklari (Pnompen, Kampong Cham , Kompong Thom, Krek) poytaxt va markaziy tekisliklar

Sharqiy Kambodja (Banlung, Kratiy, Sen Monorom, Stung Treng) qudratli Mekongdan sharqda joylashgan chekka qishloq joylari va milliy bog'lar

Shaharlar

Qirollik saroyi

• 11.569583333333104.921027777781 Pnompen - qo'pol, iflos kapital
• 13.746666666667107.004444444442 Banlung - ba'zi ajoyib sharsharalar va milliy bog'lar yaqinidagi shimoliy-sharqiy viloyat poytaxti
• 13.1103.23 Battambang - bambuk poezdlari bilan Kambodjaning ikkinchi yirik shahri
• 10.6104.166666666674 Kampot - Sihanukvillga boradigan daryo bo'yidagi shahar, Bokor milliy bog'i eshigi va Kambodjaning qalampir va durian poytaxti.
• 11.616666666667102.983333333335 Koh Kong - Tailand chegarasi yaqinidagi kichik chegara o'tish shahri
• 12.7104.96 Kompong Thom - kam ma'lum bo'lgan (va unchalik ko'p bo'lmagan) qadimiy ibodatxonalarga va boshqa joylarga kirish
• 12.48811106.018797 Kratiy - Mekongda shimoliy-sharqda tinchlangan daryo shahri va yo'qolib ketish xavfi ostida bo'lgan daryo delfinlarini yaqindan ko'rish uchun ajoyib joy.
• 13.362222222222103.859722222228 Siem Reap - kirish nuqtasi Angkor vat va shimolda joylashgan boshqa turli diqqatga sazovor joylar
• 10.633333103.59 Sianukvill - Kompong Som nomi bilan ham tanilgan janubdagi dengiz bo'yidagi shahar

Boshqa yo'nalishlar

• 13.433333333333103.833333333331 Angkor arxeologik parki - qadimgi Khmer tsivilizatsiyasining ajoyib xarobalari uyi
• 10.86204693104.032224552 Bokor milliy bog'i - arvohday sobiq frantsuz tepaliklari kurorti
• 12105.453 Kampong Cham - Mekong daryosidagi chiroyli qishloq qishlog'i va haqiqiy Kambodja bilan tanishish uchun yaxshi joy
• 10.48333333104.316666674 Kep - Kambodjaning asosiy plyaj kurorti sifatida Sixanukvildan oldingi dengiz sohili; xalqaro sayohatchilar tomonidan asta-sekin qayta kashf etilmoqda
• 11.793333105.8841675 Krek - Kratiy va Kampong Cham o'rtasidagi plyuskachilar yo'lidagi kichik qishloq
• 13.78333333104.533333336 Koh Ker - Angkorning shimolida joylashgan yana qadimiy xarobalar
• 13.656388888889102.562222222227 Poipet - Angkorga quruqlikdan tashrif buyuruvchilarning ko'pchiligi o'tib ketadigan grafli chegara shaharchasi
• 14.393055555556104.680277777788 Preah Vihear - Angkor bilan uchrashishdan oldin jarlik tepasidagi ma'bad
• 12.883333333333104.066666666679 Tonle Sap ko'li - suzuvchi qishloqlari va SE Asia-ning eng yaxshi qushlar qo'riqxonasi bo'lgan ulkan ko'l

Tushuning

Poytaxt	Pnompen
Valyuta	riel (KHR)
Aholisi	16 million (2017)
Elektr	230 volt / 50 gerts (NEMA 1-15, Europlug, BS 1363)
Mamlakat kodi	855
Vaqt zonasi	UTC 07:00
Favqulodda vaziyatlar	119 (shoshilinch tibbiy yordam xizmatlari), 117 (politsiya), 118 (o't o'chiruvchilar)
Haydash tomoni	to'g'ri
Wikidata-da tahrirlash

So'nggi yarim ming yillikda Kambodja juda yomon omadga ega bo'ldi. Yiqilishidan beri Angkor 1431 yilda bir paytlar qudratli bo'lgan Khmer imperiyasi barcha qo'shnilari tomonidan talon-taroj qilingan. 19-asrda frantsuzlar tomonidan mustamlaka qilingan va 1970-yillarda AQSh tomonidan gilam tomonidan kuchli bombardimon qilingan. 1953 yilda soxta mustaqillik tongidan so'ng, Kambodja zudlik bilan 1970 yilda fuqarolar urushi dahshatiga duchor bo'ldi. Khmer Rouge's Vetnam kuchlari tomonidan bosib olingan terrorning nihoyatda shafqatsiz hukmronligi va 1993 yilda BMT homiyligidagi saylovlardan keyingina mamlakat oyoqqa tura boshladi.

2011 yilda aholining 10% kuniga 1,25 AQSh dollaridan kam pul sarflagan, bu 2007 yildagi 31% dan kam bo'lgan. Ammo, aholining 41% hali ham kuniga $ 2 dan kam pul bilan yashagan va 72% kuniga $ 3 dan kam pul bilan yashagan. . Hatto asosiy xizmatlarni ko'rsatish ham aniq bo'lib qolmoqda. Qisqa elektr uzilishlari odatiy hol emas - xotirjam bo'ling, ehtimol bir necha daqiqadan so'ng elektr quvvati qaytadan paydo bo'ladi. Siyosiy fitna har doimgidek murakkab va xira bo'lib qolmoqda; ammo xavfsizlik holati beqiyos darajada yaxshilandi va tashrif buyuruvchilar sonining ko'payishi Kambodja ibodatxonalari va plyajlarini qayta kashf etmoqda. Siem ReapAngkor darvozasi, hozirda sportning hashamatli mehmonxonalari, zamonaviy tungi joylar, bankomatlar va aeroport butun mintaqadan parvozlarni amalga oshirmoqda, bir nechta plyaj yo'nalishlari tobora yaxshi sotilmoqda. Biroq, eng mashhur sayyohlik yo'nalishlaridan tashqarida sayohat qilish hali ham sarguzasht.

Tarix

Shuningdek qarang: Hind xitoy urushi

Angkor va boshqa joylarning rivojlangan shahar madaniyati Kxmerlar imperiyasi bir paytlar boy va qudratli bo'lganligini tasdiqlashi mumkin. Uning zeniti Jayavarman VII (1181-c.1218) davrida, imperiya muhim hududiy yutuqlarni qo'lga kiritganida boshlandi. Angkoriya tsivilizatsiyasi Kambodja suvlarini qishloq xo'jaligi uchun kanallar va to'g'onlarning mukammal tizimlari yordamida ishlatgan. O'simliklarning ortiqcha qismi hindu va buddaviy e'tiqodlarga asoslangan zamonaviy shahar tsivilizatsiyasiga imkon berdi.

Yordam jangi Angkor

Kxmerlar imperiyasi qulaganidan keyingi davr Kambodjaning zulmat davri deb ta'riflangan. Ushbu kuzda iqlim omillari tezlashdi, ammo oxir-oqibat Kxmerlar imperiyasi Ayutthayada (hozirgi Tailandda) joylashgan qo'shnilarining ishdan bo'shatilishidan qutulmadi. Kambodja keyingi to'rt yuz yillikning ko'p qismini g'arb va sharqda kengayib borayotgan siyam va Vetnam imperiyalarining raqobatidan siqib, tahdid ostida o'tkazdi. Frantsuz mustamlakasi arafasida tarixchi Jon Tulli "... Kambodja mustaqil qirollik sifatida mavjud bo'lishini butunlay to'xtatishi mumkin edi" degan da'vo bilan "... ularning [frantsuzlarning] aralashuvi siyosiy g'oyib bo'lishining oldini oldi. qirollik ".

Frantsuzlar 1860-yillardan boshlab Kambodjada protektorat sifatida hukmronlik qila boshladilar, bu hududni boshqarish uchun ko'proq ambitsiyalarning bir qismi bo'lib, keyinchalik Hindiston (hozirgi Kambodja, Vetnam va Laos) deb nomlandi. Frantsuzlar Vetnamdagi mol-mulklari bilan doimo ko'proq shug'ullanishgan. Kambodjalar ta'limi belgilangan elitadan tashqari hamma uchun e'tiborsiz qoldirildi. Paradoksal ravishda aynan shu imtiyozli mustamlakachilik elitasidan keyin ko'plab "qizil xmerlar" paydo bo'lishdi. Ikkinchi Jahon urushi paytida Yaponiyaning Janubi-Sharqiy Osiyoni ushlab turishi Frantsiyaning obro'siga putur etkazdi va ittifoqchilar g'alabasidan so'ng shahzoda Sixanuk mustaqilligini e'lon qildi. Bu nisbatan tinch o'tish edi.

Shahzoda Sixanuk o'zi yozgan, rol o'ynagan va rejissyor bo'lgan juda g'alati filmlarni suratga olgani bilan ajralib turardi. Uning hukmronligi buddistlarning qayta tiklanishi va ta'limga e'tibor berish bilan ajralib turardi. U mavjud ish joylarining etishmasligidan tobora norozi bo'lib, o'qimishli elitani yaratishda yordam berishga muvaffaq bo'ldi. Kambodjadagi iqtisodiy ahvol yomonlashgani sari, ko'plab yoshlar Hindiston Xitoy Kommunistik partiyasiga, keyinchalik Kxmer Rujga jalb qilindi.

Prasat Bayonda yuz

Ikkinchi Xitoy xitoy urushi Kambodja chegarasiga tarqalganda ("Xoshimin izi" ning muhim qismi), AQSh mamlakatda yuz berayotgan voqealar bilan tobora ko'proq qiziqib qoldi. AQSh Havo Kuchlari 1964 yildan 1973 yilgacha Kambodjani bombardimon qildi, 1969 yil martdan 1970 yil maygacha bo'lgan davr ayniqsa keskin bo'lgan. Operatsion menyu nomli ushbu kampaniya davomida 540 ming tonna bomba tashlandi. Tinch aholi o'limining taxminiy taxminlari 150,000 dan 500,000 gacha. Umuman olganda, 1964 yildan 1973 yilgacha AQSh Kambodjaga 2,7 million tonna bomba tashladi, bu Ikkinchi Jahon urushi paytida barcha ittifoqchilar tomonidan barcha teatrlarga tashlangan umumiy miqdordan ko'proqdir.

1970 yil mart oyida, chet elda Moskva va Pekinga tashrif buyurganida, Sixanuk Lon Nol va AQSh tomonidan yaxshi ko'rilgan boshqa generallar tomonidan ag'darildi. Keyin Sixanuk "Khmer Rouge" ni qo'llab-quvvatladi. Ushbu o'zgarish ko'pchilikning o'rnak olishiga ta'sir qildi. Ayni paytda Khmer Rouge Vetnamdan o'rnak olib, qishloq kambag'allariga yoqishni boshladi.

Besh yillik kurashdan so'ng, 1975 yilda kommunistik Khmer Rouge kuchlari Pnomenni egallab oldi va barcha shahar va qishloqlarni evakuatsiya qilishga buyruq berdi. Bir milliondan ortiq odam (va ehtimol yana ko'p odamlar) qatl etish yoki majburiy mashaqqatlar tufayli vafot etdi. Shaharlardan kelganlar "yangi" odamlar sifatida tanilgan va avvaliga eng yomon azob chekishgan. Qishloq dehqonlari "asosiy" odamlar sifatida qaralib, yaxshiroq yashashgan. Biroq, Khmer Rouge shafqatsizligi ikkala guruhga ham qilingan. Bu, shuningdek, kimning qaerdaligiga bog'liq edi. Masalan, sharqdagi odamlar umuman yomonroq azob chekishdi. Kxmerlar "insoniyatga qarshi jinoyatlar" boshlanganmi yoki uzoq davom etgan "genotsid" boshlanganmi yoki yo'qmi, munozara qilinmoqda. Da'volarga ko'ra, etnik xamlarning nomutanosib o'ldirilgani va etnik Vetnamliklar ham ta'qiblarga uchragan. Shunga qaramay, kxmerlar ko'pincha beparvolik bilan ommaviy qotilliklarga duch kelishgan.

1978 yilgi Vetnam bosqini Khmer Rouge kuchlarini qishloqqa haydadi va ko'p yillik janglarni tugatdi, garchi janglar chegaraoldi hududlarda bir muncha vaqt davom etsa ham. Sovuq urush siyosati shuni anglatadiki, kxmerlar tomonidan sodir etilgan dahshatli jinoyatlarga qaramay, ular Vetnamliklar tomonidan mamlakat ozod qilinganidan ancha keyin tan olingan hukumatdir. Darhaqiqat, ular AQSh tomonidan yashirin qo'llab-quvvatlash va moliyalashtirishni davom ettirdilar. Khmer Rouge rejimining halokatli siyosati tufayli deyarli infratuzilma qolmagan. 1978 yilda oliy ta'lim muassasalari, pul va sanoatning barcha turlari vayron qilingan edi, shuning uchun mamlakatni noldan qurish kerak edi.

1993 yilda BMT homiyligida o'tkazilgan saylovlar 1990-yillarning o'rtalarida Kxmer Ruj militsiyasining tez kamayib ketishi kabi ba'zi bir odatiy holatlarni tiklashga yordam berdi. 1998 yilgi milliy saylovlardan so'ng tuzilgan koalitsion hukumat yangi siyosiy barqarorlikni va qolgan kxmer-ruj kuchlarining taslim bo'lishini ta'minladi.

21-asrning dastlabki yigirma yillarida, Kambodja hukumati avtoritar tuzumga aylangani sababli, Amerika va Evropaning qo'llab-quvvatlashidan Xitoy bilan yaqin aloqalarni o'rnatishga o'tdi. Xitoy investitsiyalarining ko'payishi bilan Kambodjada ulkan iqtisodiy o'sish va qishloq xo'jaligidan ishlab chiqarishga o'tish kuzatildi, hozirgi kunda kambodjaliklarning 80% dan ortig'i qashshoqlik chegarasidan yuqori.

Iqtisodiyot

Kambodja iqtisodiyotining ikki ustuni to'qimachilik va turizmdir. 2018 yilda asosan Xitoy va qo'shni davlatlardan 6 milliondan ziyod mehmon tashrif buyurgan sayyohlik sanoati jadal rivojlandi. O'nlab yillik urushlardan so'ng iqtisodiyotni uzoq muddatli rivojlanishi juda qiyin muammo bo'lib qolmoqda, chunki aholi, ayniqsa, qashshoqlik chekkan qishloqlarda ma'lumot va ishlab chiqarish qobiliyatiga ega emas. Hukumat ushbu muammolarni ikki tomonlama va ko'p tomonlama donorlarning yordami bilan hal qilmoqda. Qishloq joylarini yoshartirish uchun yangi yo'llar qurish, irrigatsiya va qishloq xo'jaligi ishlari olib borilmoqda.

Odamlar

Ular sizni tabassum bilan kutib olishadi. Ular do'stona va ularning ko'plari ingliz tilini yaxshi bilishadi.

Iqlim

Kambodja tropik va uning iqlimi mussonlar ustunlik qiladi, shuning uchun fasl dunyoning to'rtta salqin mintaqalarida emas, balki nam yoki quruq bo'ladi. Nov-Mar nisbatan shamolli va salqin bo'lib, tashrif buyuradigan eng mashhur vaqt. Aprel-may oylari issiq va quruq, harorat esa 40 C darajaga ko'tarilishi mumkin. Iyun-sentyabr ho'l va yashil mavsumdir.

Bayramlar

Kambodjada bir qator rasmiy ta'tillar mavjud, ularning ba'zilari oy taqvimi va boshqa belgilangan yodgorlik bayramlari asosida o'zgarib turadi.

Bundan tashqari, Xitoy Yangi yili juda keng nishonlanadi. Bu vaqtda mahalliy aholi ham, yaqin atrofdagi mamlakatlardan kelgan mehmonlar ham sayohat qilgani sayin avtobuslar narxi oshadi va turar joy bron qilinadi. Shu vaqtga qadar kamida ikki kun oldin barcha buyurtmalarni qiling.

Chiqinglar

Kambodjaning viza talablarini aks ettiruvchi xarita, ko'k va och ko'k rangdagi mamlakatlar vizasiz kirish huquqiga ega; va vizaga ega bo'lgan oltin va chiziqli sariq-yashil rangdagi mamlakatlar

Vizalar

Kambodja immigratsiya punktlari, ular elektron viza yoki vizani qabul qilganda qabul qilishadi

Fuqarolardan tashqari barcha tashrif buyuruvchilar Indoneziya, Malayziya, Singapur, Filippinlar, Laos, Tailand va Vetnam, Kambodjaga kirish uchun viza kerak. Rasmiy narxi sayyohlik vizasi uchun 30 AQSh dollari, oddiy viza uchun 35 AQSh dollarini tashkil etadi va ko'pgina mamlakatlar fuqarolari viza olishlari mumkin. Xodimlar ba'zi chegara o'tish punktlarida (aeroportlarni ham o'z ichiga olgan holda) ko'proq haq olishga harakat qilishlari mumkin, lekin rasmiy narxni ushlab turishadi, ayniqsa katta o'tish joylarida.

Kelish vizasi ikkala xalqaro aeroportda, Tailand bilan oltita xalqaro chegara o'tish punktlarida, Vetnam bilan ba'zi xalqaro chegaralarda va Laos bilan asosiy chegara punktida mavjud. Vizalarni Kambodja elchixonalari va konsulliklarida ham olish mumkin.

• Turistik vizalar: barchasi 30 kungacha bo'lgan bitta yashash uchun amal qiladi. Oldindan chiqarilganlar chiqarilganidan keyin 90 kun o'tgach tugaydi. In Pnompen (yoki boshqa joylarda agentliklar orqali) sayyohlik vizalari faqat bir marta uzaytirilishi mumkin, bu qo'shimcha 30 kunga 30 AQSh dollarini tashkil etadi.
• Oddiy viza yoki E turi: ikki oydan ortiq qolish va / yoki bir nechta yozuvlar uchun eng yaxshi tanlov, chunki ular muddatsiz uzaytirilishi mumkin (bir yilga uzaytirish uchun taxminan 290 AQSh dollari) va uzaytirilganda bir nechta kirish maqomiga ega. Aksariyat Phnom Penh sayyohlik agentliklari kengaytmalarni qayta ishlaydi. Oddiy viza olish uchun ba'zi mamlakatlarning (masalan, Hindistonning) chet el fuqarolari Immigratsiya Departamenti yoki Ichki ishlar vazirligidan oldindan ruxsat olishlari shart. Bunday mehmonlar, shuningdek, mamlakatga sayyohlik vizasi bilan kirishi va keyinchalik Pnomenfdagi aeroport yaqinidagi Immigratsiya bo'limida ushbu ruxsatni olishlari mumkin, agar bu ruxsat berilsa, mamlakatni tark etishlari va oddiy viza bilan qayta kirishlari mumkin.

Vizaga murojaat qilish uchun sizga (murojaat qilgan joyingizga qarab) bitta yoki ikkita pasport o'lchamidagi (35x45 mm) fotosuratlar, kamida 6 oy davomida amal qiladigan va kamida bitta bo'sh viza sahifasi qolgan pasport kerak bo'lishi mumkin (viza) to'liq varaqli stiker) va to'lovni to'laydigan toza AQSh dollaridagi yozuvlar (mahalliy valyutada to'lashda ancha yuqori narxni to'lashni kuting). Pasportning nusxalari ba'zi elchixonalar / konsulliklarga murojaat qilishda ham talab qilinishi mumkin, ammo agar u kelganida murojaat qilmasa. Sizga etib kelganingizda pasport fotosurati kerak emas Pnompen aeroport, Poipet, yoki Siem Reap. Agar bu hali ham boshqa joyda talab qilinadigan bo'lsa, siz ularni pasportingizdagi pasportni qo'shimcha 3 AQSh dollariga skanerlashingiz mumkin.

Pnompen aeroportida tomonga boring Kelish paytida viza Sizning arizangiz ko'rib chiqiladigan chapga navbatga qo'shiling (sizga samolyotda yoki samolyotga chiqishdan oldin shakl berilishi kerak edi). Keyin o'ng tomonga o'ting va ismingiz chaqirilishini kuting. Keyin siz viza bilan pasportingizni to'laysiz va olasiz. Rasmiylar G'arb nomlarini talaffuz qilishda qiyinchiliklarga duch kelmoqdalar, shuning uchun hushyor bo'ling va pasportingizdagi har qanday ismingizni tinglang, har qanday ismingiz yoki familiyangiz chaqirilishi mumkin. Pasportingiz bilan birlashgandan so'ng, immigratsiya navbatiga qo'shiling.

In Poipet, bir nechta firibgarliklar ko'paymoqda. Kambodjalik immigratsiya zobitlari sayyohlardan viza uchun 30 AQSh dollari emas, 1200 vatani (taxminan 35 AQSh dollari) to'lashlarini so'rashadi. Qattiq turing, lekin do'stona bo'ling va jilmayishni davom eting, ular kamdan-kam hollarda turib olishadi. Aksariyat mehmonlardan sirli ravishda alohida 100 baht to'lovi talab qilinadi, ular 30 AQSh dollari miqdorida. Agar siz bu mavjud emasligini bir necha bor takrorlasangiz, sizga xursandchilik bilan o'tirish va kutish buyuriladi, shundan so'ng siz vizangizni bir necha daqiqadan so'ng hech bo'lmaganda olasiz (hech bo'lmaganda, uzoq vaqt bo'lmaganida).

Firibgarlar boshqa kirish joylarida ham mavjud. Muhimi, belgida bosilgan 30 yoki 35 dollarlik viza to'lovini to'lashni talab qiling va undan yuqori to'lovni talab qilmang va vizangizni olganingizdan keyin immigratsiya yoki bojxonada qo'shimcha to'lovlar bo'lmasligi kerakligini unutmang.

Agar siz Kambodjadan Tailandga kirish uchun viza olish maqsadida chiqsangiz, Kambodja aviakompaniyasi ma'murlari sizga kamida 600 dollar naqd pul kerakligini ko'rsatishi mumkin. Ushbu ko'rsatma hindistonlik sayyohlar uchun, ehtimol yolg'iz sayohatchilar uchun yanada qat'iyroq qo'llanilgandek tuyuladi.

Elektron viza

Ko'pgina davlatlarning fuqarolari an elektron viza onlayn da Tashqi ishlar va xalqaro hamkorlik vazirligi veb-sayt, xususiy Kambodja kompaniyasi tomonidan taqdim etilgan xizmat orqali (CINet^{[o'lik havola]}). Bu normal holat Sayyohlik vizasi ammo odatdagi 30 AQSh dollari o'rniga 36 AQSh dollar turadi (2020 yil yanvar). Viza PDF-fayl sifatida elektron pochta orqali 3 ish kuni ichida keladi. Ilova o'zingizning raqamli fotosuratingizni (.jpg formatida) talab qiladi. Siz pasportingizdagi fotosuratni skanerlashingiz yoki raqamli kamera bilan pasport o'lchamidagi fotosuratni olishingiz mumkin. Kambodja elektron vizasini ko'rsatgan boshqa veb-saytlar mavjud. Yaxshiyamki, bu sizdan ko'proq pul talab qiladigan va siz uchun bir xil vizani oladigan on-layn sayyohlik agentliklari; eng yomoni, soxta elektron viza bilan tugashingiz mumkin.

Siz chop etishingiz kerak ikkitasi PDF-vizaning nusxalari (biri kirish uchun, biri chiqish uchun), viza qismlarini kesib oling va ularni pasportingizda saqlang.

Oldindan vizalar (on-layn rejimida yoki elchixona / konsullikdan) chegarada vaqtni tejaydi, ammo qimmatroq. Biroq, siz vizani etkazib berishni xohlovchilarning navbatlarini o'tkazib yuborasiz, garchi ba'zida siz o'zingizni tejashga bag'ishlangan vaqtingizni chamadoningizni kutish uchun aeroport bagaj kamarida kutishingiz mumkin.

Elektron vizalar faqat havo yo'li bilan yoki uchta asosiy chegara o'tish joylarida kirish uchun amal qiladi: Bavet Xoshimin shahri-Pnompen yo'l); Koh Kong (yaqin Trat yilda Sharqiy Tailand); va Poipet (ustida Bangkok-Siem Reap yo'l). Sizga mumkin Chiqish orqali elektron vizaga ega mamlakat har qanday chegaradan o'tishammo. Asosiy quruqlik chegaralarida viza bilan bog'liq firibgarliklar umumiy qisqarganligini hisobga olsak, narxni kafolatlash uchun qo'shimcha 6 AQSh dollarini to'lash mumkin (Tailanddan kirsa) yoki bunga loyiq emas. 30 AQSh dollari miqdorida turistik vizani olish ortiqcha to'lovlardan ko'ra ko'proq. Bundan tashqari, bu variant yoqimli bo'lib qoladi Pnompen-Chau Doc qayiq safari (va boshqa kichik chegara o'tish joylaridan foydalanish)!

Barmoq izlari

Kambodja immigratsiya rasmiylari hozir barmoq izi kelish va ketish paytida mehmonlar. Bu aeroportlar kabi asosiy kirish joylarida, Poipet (ustida Bangkok-Siem Reap yo'l), Cham Yeam (yaqin Koh Kong) va Bavet (bo'yicha Pnompen-Xoshimin yo'l). Chong Sa-Ngam / Choam kabi kichik o'tish joylari (uchun Anlong Veng) qo'l skanerlari bilan jihozlanmagan. Ban Pakkard / Pshar Prum (uchun Pailin) endi barmoq izlarini yig'adi. Agar siz to'g'ridan-to'g'ri avtobusda bo'lsangiz va haydovchingiz tezroq harakatlanish uchun pul to'lagan bo'lsa, sizga barmoq izlari qo'yilmasligi mumkin (Bavetda Pnomenga borishda kuzatilgan).

Samolyotda

Pnompen xalqaro aeroporti

Pnompen aeroportidagi Kampuchea Airlines

Kambodjada xalqaro aeroportlar joylashgan Pnompen (PNH ^IATA) va Siem Reap (REP ^IATA).

To'g'ridan-to'g'ri reyslar ulanadi Pnompen xalqaro aeroporti (ilgari Pochentong xalqaro aeroporti) butun shaharlari bilan Sharq va Janubi-sharqiy Osiyova Siem Reap-Angkor xalqaro aeroporti biroz cheklangan parvozlar diapazoniga ega.

Sayohatchilar maxsus tashrif buyurishadi Angkor va boshqa xarobalar Shimoliy-g'arbiy Kambodja foydalanishga harakat qilish kerak Siem Reap chunki bu asosiy ishga tushirish nuqtasi va asosiy saytlardan bir necha daqiqa narida. Janubi-g'arbiy plyajlar va eng ko'p sayohat qilish uchun mo'ljallangan joylar uchun Phnom Penh mahalliy avtobus aloqalarini yanada kengroq ochadigan joy.

Bangkok va Siem Reap o'rtasidagi parvozlar uchun AirAsia asosan Bangkok Airways-ga qaraganda ancha arzon. Ushbu reyslarni qidirayotganda Bangkokning ikkinchi aeroportini tekshiring Don Mueang^{[o'lik havola]} (DMK ^IATA).

Arzon narxlardagi aloqa operatori Air Asia dan reyslar bor Kuala Lumpur va Bangkok ga Pnompen va Kuala-Lumpurga Siem Reap, esa Jetstar Osiyo dan uchishni boshladi Singapur ga Siem Reap va Pnomenf. HK Express har seshanba, payshanba va yakshanba kunlari Siem Reapga uchadi Gonkong.

Kambodjaga parvozlarni amalga oshiradigan boshqa aviakompaniyalar kiradi Asiana Airlines, Bangkok Airways, China Southern Airlines, Dragonair, Eva Airways, Korean Air, Lao Airlines, Malaysia Airlines (MAS), Siem Reap Airways (Bangkok Airways sho'ba korxonasi), SilkAir, Singapur havo yo'llari, Thai Airways Internationalva Vietnam Airlines.

Yo'lda

Quyidagi chegaralar ro'yxatida Kambodja shahri ikkinchi o'rinda turadi; masalan: Aranyaprathet Tailandning chegara shahri Poipet Kambodjada.

Tailand

Oltita chegara o'tish joyi Tailand 07: 00-20: 00 ochiq. Ularning har biri kelganda Kambodja vizalarini taqdim etadi. Barcha o'tish joylariga ikkala mamlakatda asfaltlangan yo'llar xizmat qiladi.

Tailand avtobuslarining aksariyati qatnaydi lekin bo'ylab emas o'tish joylarining har biri. Istisnolardan tashqari Bangkokdan Tailand hukumati avtobus kompaniyasi boshqaradigan Siem Reap va Pnompenga to'g'ridan-to'g'ri avtobus qatnovi mavjud.

Kambodjada oltita chegara shaharchalardan to'rttasi (Poipet, Koh Kong, Daun Lem va O'Smach) to'g'ridan-to'g'ri avtobuslar tomonidan xizmat ko'rsatiladi. Pailin, Anlong Veng va Samraong (har biri chegaradan 20 km masofada) har biriga avtobuslar xizmat qiladi; mototsikllar va umumiy taksilar har bir shaharni o'zlarining tegishli chegara o'tish joylari bilan bog'laydi.

Kambodjaning eng gavjum quruqlikdan o'tish da Aranyaprathet/ Poipet Bangkok - Siem Reap yo'l Shimoliy-g'arbiy Kambodja. Tungi tushlarning uzoq yo'llari, endi Poipetdan Siem Reapgacha yo'llar asfaltlangan, Battambang va Pnompen.

Sohil Kambodja va janubiy qismi Kardamon va fil tog'lari mintaqa tomonidan xizmat ko'rsatiladi Shlyapa Lek/Koh Kong chegara. Yo'l oxirigacha boradi Sianukvill. Kimdan Trat Tailandda chegaraga mikroavtobuslar bor. Kambodjada mikroavtobuslar yoki taksilar chegarani Sihanukvill va Pnompen bilan bog'laydi. Koh Kong - Sixanukvill qayiq xizmati endi ishlamaydi.

Sobiq Kxmer-ruj qal'asi Anlong Veng Chong Sa-Ngamga yaqin (in.) Si Saket viloyati)/Choam chegara. Pol Pot immigratsiya yaqinida o'ldirilgan va yoqib yuborilgan.

Yo'llarni yaxshilash Kambodjaning shimoli-g'arbiy qismi qilmoqdalar Samraong transport markazi sifatida paydo bo'ladi. U Chong Jomga yaqin (ichida.) Surin viloyati)/O'Smach chegara va yaxshi bog'langan Siem Reap.

Sharqiy Tailand ga ulangan Battambang va Ban Pakard tomonidan Siem Reap (yilda.) Chantxaburi viloyati)/ Phra Prom (yaqin Pailin) o'tish joyi, bu shimoldan katta o'tish uchun kamroq stressli va chiroyli alternativani taklif qiladi Poipet.

The geografik jihatdan eng yaqin o'tish joyi Battambang Ban Leam-da (in.) Chantxaburi viloyati) / Daun Lem. Paramount Angkor avtobuslarni boshqaring Battambang 2012 yil mart oyidan boshlab Kambodja tomon yo'l hali to'liq asfaltlanmagan.

Vetnam

Vetnam vizalari oldindan elchixona yoki konsullikdan (Kambodjada osongina joylashtirilgan) olinishi yoki elektron viza dasturiga kiradigan millatlarga tegishli bo'lsa, onlayn tarzda tasdiqlanishi kerak. Vetnam elektron vizalari ko'pchilik uchun amal qiladi, ammo barcha chegaralarni kesib o'tishda emas (masalan, ularni Banlungdan Pleykuga o'tish uchun ishlatish mumkin emas). Vetnamning "vizasi", endi kamroq tarqalgan variant, faqat aeroportga kelganlar uchun amal qiladi, quruqlikdan o'tish uchun emas.

The asosiy o'tish joyi Moc Bai / Bavet o'tish joyi Xoshimin shahri - Pnompen yo'l. Ikki shahar o'rtasida avtobuslarning narxi 8-12 AQSh dollarini tashkil etadi va taxminan 6 soat davom etadi. Yo'lovchilar transport vositasini ikkala mamlakatning nazorat-o'tkazish punktlarida bo'shatishmoqda. Kambodja vizasi uchun faqat bitta pasport fotosurati talab qilinadi. Mekong deltasi bo'ylab sayohatlar (25-35 AQSh dollari, 2-3 kun) ikki shahar o'rtasida yanada chuqurroq sayohat qilishni ta'minlaydi.

Chiptalar orqali Siem Reap ham mavjud (18 AQSh dollar), ammo Pnompenga chipta sotib olish va undan keyin ko'plab bog'lovchi avtobuslardan birida transportni tashkil qilish arzonroq.

Sohilga yaqin Xa Xia / Prek Chak chegarasi. Kambodja vizalari kelganda mavjud. Avtobuslar o'rtasida harakatlanadi Xa Tien Vetnamda Sianukvill va Kambodjadagi Pnomenx.

Sohil hududlari shuningdek Tinh Bien / Pnom Den chegaralari tomonidan xizmat ko'rsatiladi Chau Doc Vetnamda.

Xa Mat / Trapeang Phlong o'tish joyi Xoshimin shahri - Kampong Cham yo'l jamoat transportida yaxshi xizmat ko'rsatmaydi, ammo Kampong Cham va undan foydalanish uchun foydali bo'lishi mumkin Sharqiy Kambodja.

Banlung shimolda Sharqiy Kambodja yaqinidagi Le Tanh / O Yadaw o'tish joyi orqali xizmat ko'rsatiladi Pleyku yilda Vetnam. Agar Vetnamdan Kambodjaga o'tayotgan bo'lsangiz, Kambodja vizasini shu erga borishingiz mumkin. Bitta fotosurat talab qilinadi. Agar boshqa yo'l bilan, Kambodjadan Vetnamgacha yo'l olsangiz, ushbu chegara punktida Vetnamga kirish uchun elektron vizalar qabul qilinmasligi haqida ogohlantiring, shuning uchun bu erdan o'tish faqat millati Vetnamga vizasiz kirish huquqiga ega bo'lgan yoki allaqachon mavjud bo'lgan odamlar uchun bo'ladi. ularning pasportlarida elchixona / konsullikdan an'anaviy viza. Vetnam kirish punkti chet elliklar uchun soat 17: 30da yopiladi.

Laos

Stung Treng Kambodjada ulangan Pakse va To'rt ming orol viloyati Laos Voeung Kam / Dom Kralor chegarasida. Oldinga transport har doim ham mavjud emas. Kambodja va Laos vizalarini chegarada olish mumkin. Ikkala tomonning sayyohlik agentliklari chegara o'tish paketlarini taklif qilishadi.

Agar siz Laosdagi manzildan Kambodjaga (eng keng tarqalgan narsalardan biri) chiptani sotib olsangiz Don Det ga Siem Reap) va siz chegarani kesib o'tishni iloji boricha muammosiz bo'lishini xohlasangiz, 30 AQSh dollarlik vizaga (2019 yildan boshlab) qo'shimcha 10 AQSh dollar to'lashingiz kerakligini qabul qiling. 10 AQSh dollari quyidagilardan iborat:

• 5 AQSh dollari Vizani rasmiylashtirish uchun to'lov (viza narxi 35 dollar deb e'lon qilingan)
• Laos tomonida marka narxi 2 dollar
• Kambodja tomonida marka narxi 2 dollar
• Laosdan chiqish markasi va siz uchun Kambodja vizasini olganligi sababli yordamchi uchun 1 dollar

Agar siz ushbu yo'ldan borishni tanlasangiz, quyidagilarni kutishingiz mumkin.

Tasodifiy yigit sizning avtobusingizga chegara yaqinida bir marta kirib, pasport va 40 AQSh dollarini talab qiladi; Boshqa paytlarda siz avtobusdan Laos immigratsiya punktida tushasiz va yigit stolga o'tiradi, boshqa yordamchi hammani u erga borishga va pasportingizni va pulingizni topshirishni buyuradi. Sizdan viza olish uchun arizani to'ldirishingiz so'raladi, ba'zida bu allaqachon avtobusda sodir bo'ladi. Shakl pasportingiz bilan birga topshiriladi.

Bir marta Laosdan Kambodja nazorat-o'tkazish punktiga piyoda yurib, barmoq izlari berilgandan va fotosuratga tushgandan so'ng kirish shtampini olish kerakligini aytilgan. Endi yangi Kambodja vizasiga ega bo'lgan pasportingiz, ikki nazorat punktidan o'tib yoki Kambodja tomonidagi binoda bir muncha vaqt, yordamchilar va immigratsiya rasmiylari tezligiga qarab qaytarib beriladi.

Kirish shtampini olganingizdan so'ng, siz bino tashqarisiga chiqasiz va chegara binosidan besh daqiqa uzoqlikda joylashgan restoranlarga borasiz, u erda sizning avtobusingiz / mikroavtobusingiz barcha yo'lovchilaringiz kelganidan keyin (nazariy jihatdan) jo'nab ketadi. Ko'pincha, siz bir-ikki soat kutishingizga to'g'ri keladi. Ogohlantirish: VIP avtobuslarda Siem Reap yoki Phnom Penhga bron qilingan odamlar, ko'pincha bron qilingan avtobusga emas, balki siqilgan mikroavtobusga o'tirishlari kerakligini va yo'lda bir nechta transferlar sodir bo'lishi mumkinligini aniqlaydilar. Namoyish samarasiz, chunki atrofida faqat sayyohlik avtobuslari bor; ushbu chegara nisbatan kam sonli mahalliy aholi tomonidan qo'llaniladi.

Ushbu barcha norasmiy to'lovlarni chetlab o'tish mumkin - lekin agar siz osonlikcha qo'rqmasangiz va umidsizlikka bardoshlik yuqori bo'lsa. Kambodjada o'sha kuni manzilingizga etib borish imkoniyatini sezilarli darajada oshiradigan hal qiluvchi komponentlardan biri bu sizning vizangizni oldindan olishdir. Bundan tashqari, avtobusingiz tashlab ketmaslik uchun, eng yaxshisi emas chegaradan har qanday transportni bron qilish; nima uchun ekanligini tushunish uchun barcha ko'rsatmalarni o'qing. Quyidagilar faqat 4000 orolning birida yoki uning atrofidagi joyda qolganda amalga oshiriladi.

Birinchidan, transportingizni tartibga soling ga (lekin chegaradan emas). Buni Don Detdagi har qanday agentlik bilan buyurtma qilish mumkin, Don Khon yoki ichida Ban Nakasang. Rasmiy bo'lmagan to'lovlarni to'lamaslik sizning o'tish joyingiz noma'lum vaqtga kechikishiga olib keladi va siz transportni topishingiz kerak bo'lganligi sababli, chegaraga iloji boricha erta borish oqilona. Qayiqlar faqat orollardan soat 08: 00dan boshlab chiqib keta boshlagach, tuk-tuk (savdolashgandan so'ng ikki kishiga 70 ming kip) eng yaxshi tanlov bo'lishi mumkin; Ban Nakasang bozorida ko'pchilikni topishingiz mumkin. Buning o'rniga umumiy mikroavtobusni tanlash arzonroq bo'ladi (ikki kishiga 60 000 kip), lekin siz kutishingizga to'g'ri keladi va to'lovlarni to'lashi mumkin bo'lgan boshqa sayohatchilar bilan kelish sizning ishingizni susaytiradi.

Chegarada bo'lganingizdan so'ng, immigratsiya peshtaxtalariga o'ting (turli xil to'lovlar ko'rsatilgan rasmiy ko'rinish belgisidan o'tib) va pasportingizni topshiring; Endi sizdan chiqish belgisini olish uchun sizdan 2 AQSh dollari to'lashni so'rashadi. Agar dam olish kunlari bo'lsa, bu "ortiqcha ish haqi" ekanligini eshitasiz, ish kunlari esa ular "siyoh to'lovi" dan "ma'muriyat to'lovi" ga qadar hech qanday izoh bermasdan tortib har qanday narsani aytishlari mumkin. Odob bilan va muloyimlik bilan to'lashdan bosh torting agar ular rasmiy kvitansiyani taqdim eta olmasalar (ular taqdim etmasalar). Endi kuting va pasportingiz muhrlanguniga qadar uni qaytarib olmang. Chiqish shtampisiz ketmang, chunki Kambodja rasmiylari sizni unsiz ishlashdan bosh tortishadi. Laos rasmiylari sizni Laosga qaytib borishingizni, sizni e'tiborsiz qoldirishini va telefonlarida o'ynashlarini so'rashi mumkin va / yoki ular hisoblagichni yopib, kunni tugatganday qilib ko'rsatishadi. O'z o'rnida turing, shtamp keladi - kutish vaqti 15 daqiqadan bir necha soatgacha bo'lishi mumkin. Suv, ozgina ovqat olib keling, qat'iyat, sabr-toqat qiling va o'zingizni yo'qotmang yoki rasmiylarga g'azablanmang; ular yuqoridan buyurtma bilan pul yig'ishmoqda va yomon xatti-harakatlar ishni tezlashtirmaydi.

Uchinchi qadam - Kambodja immigratsiya politsiyasiga murojaat qilish. Boshqa tomonga o'tayotganda siz chodirni ko'rishingiz mumkin va odamlar sizdan 1 AQSh dollarlik "sog'liqni tekshirish" ga kelishingizni so'rashmoqda. Tarmoqda yozilgan xabarlarga ko'ra, siz shunchaki o'tib ketishingiz mumkin, ammo ehtimol yaxshiroq va kamroq duch keladigan usul tibbiy / sayohat sug'urtasi to'g'risidagi guvohnomani, emlash to'g'risidagi risolani yoki ikkitasiga o'xshash narsalarni ko'rsatishdir, chunki ular siz uchun chekdan voz kechishadi. . Kambodja rasmiylari siz binoga kirganingizdan keyin buni talab qilmaydi.

Umid qilamanki, sizda allaqachon Kambodja vizasi mavjud; if not, you will now have to go to the visa-on-arrival counter, where the officer in charge will demand US$35 for a tourist visa (type "T" – the official price published by the Cambodian government being US$30). Unlike their Lao counterparts, the Cambodian officials are quick to raise their voice and yell at you if you don't give in to their demands. Different reports on the net suggest that standing your ground will also get you the visa for the official price eventually, again with the waiting time totally depending on the officer and how diplomatic your behaviour is.

At last, you'll have to get your entry stamp. If you obtained your visa in advance, you will be asked for US$2 after providing your fingerprints and having your photo taken. Refusing to pay will once more result in short tempers, but according to a number of reports the Cambodian officials are quick to give in, saving you another possibly hour-long wait. It is unknown whether they will still ask for this fee if they relented earlier by giving you the visa on arrival for US$30.

If you managed to get through without paying: Congratulations. Your last job for the day is to find onward transport to your destination, which shouldn't prove too difficult if you arrived before mid-afternoon; just don't expect a comfortable seat (but rather sitting in the aisle), as travellers who pre-booked their transport have priority. If you had a bus booked already, chances are that it's gone. It may be a lot less stressful to just go as far as Stung Treng, spend the night there and continue your journey the following morning. Tickets to all major destinations can be booked at any guesthouse in town.

Qayiqda

Kimdan Laos - Since the reopening of the land border, it's no longer possible to take a boat from Laos to reach Cambodia.

Kimdan Thailand - There are no ferry services between Cambodia and Thailand. The Sihanoukville-Koh Kong ferry no longer runs.

Kimdan Vietnam - It's possible to travel between Ho Chi Minh City and Phnom Penh by boat, or by combination of road and boat. Fast boats leave daily from Chau Doc in Vietnam's Mekong Delta and take 5h to reach Phnom Penh. Chau Doc is a four hour drive from Ho Chi Minh City. A popular overland route is to make a three day trip, stopping at Can Tho and Chau Doc before taking the boat to Phnom Penh.

Exclusively for yacht cruises - Members of the crew and passengers of cruise boats can obtain a visa upon arrival at the Sihanoukville Autonomous Port. Paperwork arrival in the new marina. You must first report data on the boat, the crew and passport copies to the office of the Marina Oceania Harbour Master. Visa fee is US$25 for 30 days.

Atrofga boring

Samolyotda

The domestic aviation scene in Cambodia has improved. Three airports operate scheduled passenger flights: Phnom Penh, Siem Reap, and Sihanoukville.

The main operator is Cambodia Angkor Air, a joint venture between the government and Vietnam Airlines, which flies between Phnom Penh, Siem Reap, Sihanoukville, and airports in China, Thailand, and Vietnam.

A charter service, Aero Cambodia, operates from Phnom Penh to Cambodia's other 16 airports using twin engine 10-70 seat aircraft.

By helicopter

Sokha Beach in Sihanoukville

Helistar Cambodia, a VIP helicopter charter and scenic flights company, operate to virtually anywhere in Cambodia. Helicopters can be chartered to fly from Phnom Penh va Siem Reap for one-way or return journeys. The basic hourly charter rate is US$1,700 per flight hour plus 10% VAT and 10% SPT. They operate modern, air conditioned Eurocopter Ecureuils with seating for up to 6 passengers. They also have licensed foreign pilots. A pick-up and set-down transfer service is also available at both international airports.

By road

The Cambodian government has upgraded roads throughout the country. Finding an unsealed road is actually quite a challenge and most travellers will not have any horror stories of car-swallowing ruts or wet-season quagmires. For the time being, notable unpaved roads that would be of use to travellers are: Battambang-Koh Kong (a great dirt bike adventure across the mountains or a long detour by bus via Phnom Penh), access to the Banteay Chhmar temples (a high-quality unsealed road, as good as a sealed road during the dry season) and the road between Sen Monorom va Banlung (if there's any remote jungle left in Cambodia, it'll be here). The borders, coast and major cities are all well-connected with good roads.

Longer journeys in Cambodia can be taken by avtobus, pickup truck yoki shared taxi. In many towns, whichever of these are available will be found at the local market square. Larger towns and cities will have bus stations. Buses may also serve their companies' offices, which may be more convenient than the bus station: this is particularly true in Siem Reap. To find bus tickets, the website Camboticket is useful for searching multiple companies. Giant Ibis va Mekong Express has the best reputation for comfort, safety, and reliability and consequently charge a premium. Sorya (formerly Ho Wah Genting) and GST offer a slightly cheaper no-frills service. Capitol runs between its central offices, making for city centre-to-city centre travel. Ramshackled peasant mover Paramount Angkor Transport is great for accessing more remote places but low on comfort and safety.

Avoid VR Express and Phnom Penh Sorya Transport Co. They have a history of threatening customers, manipulating, lying, and being unhelpful and rude. They prioritize cheating passengers of their money.

Indeed bus safety is a big problem in Cambodia. On Hwy 5, between Phnom Penh and Battambang, there are dozens of bus crashes annually, many of them horrendous, with multiple fatalities. There are even bus-on-bus crashes. Drivers are untrained, impatient, and (according to those working in roadside gas stations) sometimes drunk. Most of these accidents go unreported, but frequent travellers on Highway 5 can typically observe half a dozen bus crashes in a month. Night buses are particularly risky - again, Giant Ibis and Mekong Express have the best reputations.

Generally bus travel is cheap, with journeys from Phnom Penh ga Siem Reap yoki Sihanoukville costing around US$5. Bring along something warm if you don't like freezing air conditioning and earplugs if you don't like Khmer karaoke. There are a few night-time services but most buses leave in the morning and the last ones leave in the afternoon. Among night buses Giant Ibis and Mekong Express are the most comfortable, with nearly flat bunks (though if you're taller than 1.65 meters or so you'll have to sleep with your knees bent).

Some believe taxis are safer for inter-city travel, but taxis also often go way too fast, and so are involved in numerous fatal accidents. The front seat in a taxi from Phnom Penh to Battambang should cost you about US$25.

For short distances, the once-ubiquitous motorcycle taxis have been replaced by tuk-tuks, motorized three-wheeled rickshaws. Anywhere remotely touristy will have plenty of drivers hanging around offering you a tuk-tuk ride. Agree on a fare and make sure the driver knows your destination before you get in the vehicle. Many drivers speak very little English, and some are illiterate even in Khmer, so communicating your destination can sometimes be a challenge. If you want to avoid all that, consider a ride hailing app like PassApp, which can be used to call rickshaws or regular taxis and determines the price automatically (you pay in cash). Even with PassApp, though, pay attention to where your driver is going because sometimes they get confused about the directions. Try to learn the Khmer words for "left" and "right". And if you plan to ride more than 10–15 minutes in a tuk-tuk, consider buying a paper dust mask like a fair number of locals do, to protect you from dirt, dust, and traffic exhaust.

Motorcycle rentals are available in many towns, with the notable exception of Siem Reap, which has outlawed the practice. Be careful if driving yourself: driving practices are vastly different from developed countries. Local road 'rules' will also differ from city to city. Moreover, to drive in Cambodia you're required to have a Cambodian driver's license; international driving permits are not accepted. If you consider traveling alone, it’s worth remembering that English is rarely spoken outside of main towns and cities, and hazards are numerous, including the possibility of land mines. For this reason, guided tours are worth considering.

Qayiqda

Ferries operate seasonally along many of the major rivers. Major routes include Phnom Penh ga Siem Reap va Siem Reap ga Battambang. The Sihanoukville ga Koh Kong ferry no longer runs. Boats are slower than road transport, charge higher prices for foreigners, and are sometimes overcrowded and unsafe. Then again, Cambodia's highways are also dangerous, and boats are probably the safer of the two options. The high speed boat from Phnom Penh to Siem Reap costs US$33 and takes about 6 hours, departing at 07:30, and offers a spectacular view of rural life along the Tonle Sap River.

There are also a few luxury boats operating between Siem Reap, Phnom Penh and Saigon. For something around US$150/day including accommodation, food and excursions, it's a good alternative to regular boat service.

The boat trip between Siem Reap and Battambang takes longer (especially in the dry season), and is less comfortable and more expensive than taking a seat in a share taxi, but is favoured by some travellers for its up-close view of subsistence farming (and hundreds of waving children) along the river. Taking the boat late in the dry season (Apr-May) is not advisable as low water levels mean that you must transfer to smaller vessels in mid-river.

By train

Bamboo Train near Battambang

There are passenger trains from Phnom Penh going to Sihanoukville via Kampot from Monday to Friday at 7:00 and from Friday to Monday at 16:00. The journey lasts roughly seven hours and is thus slower than by bus.

The carriages are air conditioned and have free wi-fi. There are power outlets at every seat. Toilets are also available.A one way ticket from Phnom Penh to Kampot is US$6. A one way ticket from Phnom Penh to Sihanoukville costs US$7.

There are plans to link the network with the Thai and Vietnamese railway networks. 2017 information points towards a 2018 opening date for the line.

The train doesn't leave when you think it will. Be sure you get your tickets from the station itself, and ask for the boarding time. Getting seats outbound from Phnom Penh is more crowded. The first stretch west passes through ramshackle camps built along the rail line, and sprawling suburban construction, then a non-descript countryside. The train stops briefly, there a good food vendors if you act quickly, then the second leg is through beautiful hills and paddies to Kampot, again with good food vendors at the station as train time nears.Seven hours doesn't seem like a long time, but it starts to drag. The return trip to Phnom Penh gets in very late, and it's difficult to find a tuktuk or taxi. Also, unless your hotel is near the station, you'll be disoriented from your normal route routine, so it's good to have your hotel or hospice card and phone number to give to the driver. Even then, it helps to have sketched out your return route from the train station. You'll be exhausted from seven hours riding on the train, and worse with a tuktuk driver going in circles at night trying to find your hotel. Don't assume they can read a map or know how to find your hotel. You should know the Khmer words for Left, Right and Stop to direct them to it.

By bamboo train

Despite the lack of normal train services there are bamboo trains yoki noris running around Battambang, and you can also travel on a bamboo train from the outskirts of Phnom Penh to Battambang on demand. These trains are home made railcars which carry just about anything, pigs, motorcycles, crops, you name it, as long as it fits on the train. They are also great fun to ride on and they are actually reasonably safe, and the drivers are friendly. They cost around US$2 per person for a short journey and around US$6 to hire one with a driver. Ask locally where you can find a norry, or you can find one at Battambang station.

Gapir

Good advice for learning the language

See also:Khmer phrasebook

Cambodians primarily speak Khmer, which unlike most languages in the region is not tonal, but makes up for it with a large assortment of consonant and vowel clusters. You will find people who speak basic to fluent English in major towns and cities. In tourist market situations, most Cambodians will know enough English to complete a basic transaction, though many vendors carry calculators into which they punch numbers and show you the screen to indicate the price. Mandarin is also reasonably widely spoken in the tourism industry, due to increasing numbers of Chinese tourists.

A few educated senior citizens can also speak Frantsuz, a relic of the colonial period when it was a medium of instruction in schools. Because the Khmer Rouge targeted for extermination anyone capable of speaking a foreign language, actually encountering anyone fluent in French is very rare outside Phnom Penh. German and other European tongues can be found in the tourist centres (but are even rarer than French). Korean is also a popular language for tourist industry workers. Nevertheless, if you cannot speak Khmer, English remains your best bet.

Chinese dialects, Thai and Vietnamese are spoken in Phnom Penh. Thai is more prevalent in northwestern provinces, whereas Vietnamese dominates southeastern provinces. Teochew is the main dialect spoken among the ethnic Chinese community.

Qarang

A small part of Angkor Wat

Cambodia's main sight is so famous and grand, it's also one of the prime destinations in all of Asia. The magnificent and awe-inspiring temples of the Angkor Archaeological Park draw huge and diverse crowds, who come to admire their enormous symbolism and sheer magnitude. It's a place not to be missed on any trip to the region, worth every bit of the often sweltering heat. Finding a somewhat private spot for sundown over the temples can be a challenge, but the colours are wonderful. Start early to beat the crowds at the mysterious Ta Prohm complex. Made extra famous as a filming location for Tomb Raider, the ruins overgrown by huge jungle trees make for one of the most atmospheric sites at Angkor.

Close to the capital city of Phnom Penh, the Choeung Ek Memorial, better known as the Killing fields — while shocking and sad — leaves a long-lasting impression. Excellent tours are available, providing an insight into the outrageous atrocities committed by the Khmer Rouge. For further insights, the Tuol Sleng Genocide Museum is the main place to visit.

• Go on a boat party in Phnom Penh
• Go hiking in Bokor National Park
• See endangered river dolphins in Kratie
• Boat through to the floating village and have lunch aboard the floating restaurant near Siem Reap

Sotib oling

Money

Dry fish in Russian market, Phnom Penh

The Cambodian riel, denoted by the symbol "៛" (ISO code: KHR), and the US dollar (USD) are both official currencies. The riel generally used only for small transactions (i.e. below US$1). US coins are not used. Most ATMs only dispense US dollars, although some are loaded with both currencies.

The Cambodian Central Bank maintains the riel at 4100 riel to the dollar. In day-to-day commerce, 4,000 riel per dollar is ubiquitous. So US$1.50 is one dollar and 2,000 riel, or 6,000 riel. Riel notes go as high as 100,000 riel (US$25) but 10,000 riel (US$2.50) is the highest denomination that is commonly encountered. Riel only have value outside Cambodia as souvenirs; they're hard to exchange anywhere else.

Near the Thai border (for example Battambang, Koh Kong, and Poipet) Thai baht is commonly accepted but the locals use an unfavourable 30 baht to the dollar as a rule of thumb. Try to change any baht rather than spend them as banks and money changers will give you a much better rate.

Banks sometimes operate as Western Union money transfer agents.

Changing money

Baht and other major currencies (euros, pounds sterling) can easily be exchanged in any city. Shop around if you are keen on saving money; there is no hard-and-fast rule as to whether banks or money changers will offer the best rates.

Torn or old foreign currency notes may be difficult to exchange, except US$1 bills which change hands often. Cambodian banks will refuse US$2 bills and notes without the security strip. Refusing imperfect notes is normal, traders may try to take advantage of tourists' naïveté and try to get rid of them. Just smile and hand them back.

Cards and ATMs

ATMs are spreading far beyond the main cities. They are generally compatible with Maestro, Cirrus, MasterCard​ and Visa cards.

Cash advances on credit cards are also possible at most banks.

VISA and MasterCard and JCB are the most widely accepted credit cards; American Express cards are slowly becoming more widely accepted.

ATMs dispense US dollars in varying denominations from 10-100. If you receive bills in poor condition (especially US$50 or US$100) from an ATM attached directly to a bank try to change them there immediately as they may be difficult to change later.

Cambodian ATMs only accept 4-digit PINs. If your PIN is more than 4 digits, best to take care of that at home before you need cash and find yourself out of luck.

There is a US$5 ATM fee to get money from any ATM in Cambodia.

Traveller's cheques

Traveller's cheques, like credit cards, are accepted in major business establishments, such as large hotels, some restaurants, travel agencies and some souvenir shops; American Express (in US dollars) are the most widely accepted. However, competitive rates are only usually found in banks in Cambodia's larger cities, and guesthouses in heavily visited areas may offer similar services but at horrendous rates. The usual fee for cashing traveller's cheques is 2% with a US$2 minimum.

Flower Market in Phnom Penh

Costs

Cambodia can be a real budget destination, but you have to seek out bargains and haggle hard for that to be true. Anything aimed at international tourists will be very expensive by local standards and sometimes even as expensive as the U.S. or Europe. That said, if you avoid the main tourist haunts, haggle skillfully (see below), and aren't too picky, prices can go down considerably. For a serious budget traveler, US$5 per night for lodging and US$1-2 for a meal is possible. A more typical backpacker might pay $10 for a hostel bunk and $5 or so for a meal.

Haggling

You can get away with pretty much haggling for anything in Cambodia. Restaurants, outdoor food stalls, even rates for guesthouses. The Khmer are notoriously quiet up to a point of no return. They do not lose face, they lose their temper. However, there are a few guidelines:

• Many products, especially those not aimed at tourists, are fixed price, and while it is possible to get a minor discount if you ask, you cannot get things significantly cheaper than this. Many markets have the prices of goods painted on the walls (in Khmer).
• Products and services aimed at tourists are usually marked up, and you must haggle (and shop around to compare prices) if you don't want to get ripped off. In markets with no listed prices, expect to be quoted the "tourist price".
• In Cambodia where dining out isn't really common among local people, most restaurants cater almost entirely to foreigners and tend to be a little bit more expensive than neighbouring countries. However in Siem Reap, it is, sometimes if not always, possible to haggle with street food vendors over the portion of a dish, free side dish, and get 20-30% discount.
• The US dollar is widely used in Cambodia but no circulation of coins will end up giving you a lot of Cambodian riels when the price you pay is not an integer. This gives a chance for short-changing, which is particularly popular in several grocery stores in Siem Reap. For example, you give US$1 for buying a bottle of water which is US$0.60, the staff should return the amount of riel equivalent to US$0.40, but they may keep some of them. The money cheated is usually minimal. Just be quick at mental arithmetic.
• Haggle in groups. Having two other friends will make it much easier to convince Cambodians to give a discount: one person can play bad cop, the other good cop.
• Ask to speak with the manager/owner (this applies to guesthouse and restaurants). Usually if you try to haggle at a restaurant or guesthouse the employee will say that the boss needs to be there. If so, then just ask to speak with him or ask the employee to speak with him. You would be surprised at how easy it is to haggle down once you speak to the boss, many times he doesn't even want to be bothered and will give the discount to you.
• Never pay the asking price for anything near the temples of Angkor. This includes books, souvenirs, paintings, water and food. During the off-season, the food stalls near the temples will have a separate menu, ask for it. You can even bargain on top of that too. It's much harder to bargain at the food stalls at Angkor Wat and especially at the breakfast restaurants across the street from Angkor Wat.
• Try not to haggle too harshly with the motorbike drivers and tuk-tuks that work near where you stay. Most are honest, but they will look after your safety more if you are seen as a good customer. Some will decide they will get the money from you another way, and could take you to be mugged. Agree upon the fare before your ride or you may get into a very uncomfortable situation.
• If haggling isn't your strong point the easiest way to get a good price at a market is to pick up an item, ask how much it is, look disappointed and start to walk away. The price will usually drop as you walk away with vendors unlikely to go below this second price.

Siem Reap is the easiest place to bargain, Phnom Penh may be a little harder, but still worth trying. Just be polite and persistent.

Yemoq

Fried noodles, sour soup and a Khmer-style curry

While not the strongest link in Southeast Asia's chain of delightful cuisines, Khmer food is tasty and cheap. Rice and occasionally noodles are the staples. Unlike in Thailand or Lao, spicy hot food is not the mainstay; black pepper is preferred over chilli peppers, though chillis are usually served on the side. Thai and Vietnamese influences can be noted in Khmer food, although Cambodians love strong sour tastes in their dishes. Prahok, a local fish paste, is common in Khmer cooking and may not please Western palates. Indian and Chinese restaurants have a healthy representation in Phnom Penh and the larger towns. Western food can be readily found in most restaurants in any of the tourist areas of Cambodia and Cambodia offers some of the best budget western meals in SE Asia. However, while still inexpensive, a western meal will often be double the price of a Khmer meal.

Typical Khmer dishes include:

• Amok - Arguably the most well known Cambodian dish. A coconut milk curried dish less spicy than those found in Thailand. Amok is usually made with chicken, fish, or shrimp, plus some vegetables. It is sometimes served in a hollowed-out coconut with rice on the side. Quite delicious.
• K'tieu (Kuytheav) - A noodle soup generally served for breakfast. Can be made with pork, beef or seafood. Flavourings are added to the customers taste in the form of lime juice, chili powder, sugar and fish sauce.
• Somlah Machou Khmae - A sweet and sour soup made with pineapple, tomatoes and fish.
• Bai Sarch Ch'rouk - Another breakfast staple. Rice (bai) with pork meat (sarch chrouk) often barbequed. Very tasty and served with some pickled vegetables.
• Saik Ch'rouk Cha Kn'yei - Pork fried with ginger. Ginger is commonly used as a vegetable. This tasty dish is available just about everywhere.
• Lok lak - Chopped up beef cooked quickly. Probably a holdover from the days of French colonization. Served with a simple dipping sauce made from lime juice and black pepper, lettuce, onion, and often with chips.
• Mi/Bai Chaa - Fried noodles or rice. Never particularly inspiring, but a good traveller's staple.
• Trey Ch'ien Chou 'Ayme - Trey (fish) fried with a sweet chili sauce and vegetables. Very tasty. Chou 'ayme is the phrase for "sweet and sour".
• K'dam - Crab. Kampot in the south is famous for its crab cooked in locally sourced black pepper. A very tasty meal.

Don't forget Khmer desserts - Pong Aime (sweets). These are available from stalls in most Khmer towns and can be excellent. Choose from a variety of sweetmeats and have them served with ice, condensed milk and sugar water. A must try is the Tuk-a-loc, a blended drink of fruits, raw egg, sweetened condensed milk and ice. Also keep an eye out for waffle street vendors. The farther you are from hotel row, the better the coconut waffle batter. On the south edge of town the coconut waffles are so good they make your feet dance.

A fruit dessert at a guesthouse

Perhaps the tastiest treat is the wide variety of fresh fruit available from markets. The prices vary according to which fruit is in season but mangoes (around Khmer New Year, with up to 9 varieties on sale) and mangosteen (May/June) are both superb. Dragonfruit has a pink and green tinged skin. Inside is either white with tiny black seeds, or if you can find it, florescent juicy-red inside. A prized treat in August is durian, a large spiky green fruit like a rounded football. Stop at a few vendors to watch and learn what is fresh and what is older. It comes and goes quickly so don't overthink it. And definitely haggle, the price is very high. Durian is considered almost a ceremonial dish if you have a Cambodian friend you would like to treat. The trick is to not open the fruit until right when you eat it. Just opened, it's fragrant and ambrosial if truly ripe. After some time it gets the famous 'stink' you won't forget. Restaurants will not let you eat it on their premises for this reason. Jackfruit is similar but without the 'stink', and can be found sliced, rather like pineapple in appearance. And don't miss the delicious local bananas, ripe guavas, green coconuts, and hairy rambutans. Although not a fruit sugar cane juice is sold from street carts that crush it while you watch, a very inexpensive and safe way to replenish fluids and an energy boost.

Other popular Khmer foods which may be less palatable to foreigners include pregnant eggs (duck eggs with the embryo still inside), and almost every variety of creepy or crawly animal (spiders, crickets, water beetles) as well as barbecued rats, frogs, snakes, bats and small birds.

Ichish

Fresh sugar cane juice at a night market

The tap water supply in Phnom Penh has undergone some serious changes at the hands of a "water revolutionary" in the government, Ek Sonn Chan. So, in Phnom Penh you can drink the tap water without problem, although it's highly chlorinated and you may not like the taste. Also, there is some concern about the bottle water vendors. The US Embassy website says that "In 2008, Cambodia's Ministry of Industry, Mines and Energy reported that more than 100 bottled water companies in Cambodia were being considered for closure for failing to meet minimum production quality standards. Only 24 of the 130 bottled water companies are compliant with the ministry's Department of Industrial Standards." That page seems to be down on bottled water generally, so take it with a grain of salt.

Outside of Phnom Penh (and perhaps Siem Reap) you should assume that tap water is not potable. Khmer brand water in blue plastic bottles sell for 1,000 riel or less (although prices are often marked up for tourists, to 50 cents or a US dollar).

Soft drinks

Iced coffee is ubiquitous in Cambodia. It's made Vietnamese-style, freshly brewed and mixed with sweetened condensed milk. Walk past a local eatery any time of the day and you are bound to see at least a table of locals drinking them. One glass costs 1,500-2,000 riel. Iced tea made with lemon and sugar is also refreshing and ubiquitous.

Fresh coconut can be found everywhere, you could say it is ubiquitous, and is healthy and sanitary if drunk straight from the fruit.

Sugar cane juice is freshly made and deliciously sweet.

Spirtli ichimliklar

Nightlife, Siem Reap

In general, Khmers are not what could be described as casual drinkers: their main objective is to get hammered as quickly as possible. Know your limits if invited to join in!

The two most popular domestic Cambodian beers are Anchor — pronounced "an-CHOR" with a ch sound! — and Angkor, both of which can be found in bottles, cans, and on draft, and generally for no more than US$1 each. New beers include the cheap Klang va Cambodia, while Beerlao va Tiger are popular beers with foreigners. A plethora of other beers include ABC Stout, which is dark and not so bad, in addition to the standard Heineken va Carlsberg. Cheaper beers include Crown va Leo, whilst Kingdom Beer aims for the premium market with a pilsener and a dark lager.

Palm wine va rice wine are available in villages and can be OK at 500-1,000 riel for a 1 L bottle. However, some safety concerns have been raised with regard to sanitation, so the local wines may be best avoided.

For a truly Khmer experience, hunt down a bottle of Golden Muscle Wine. Advertised on tuk-tuks everywhere, this pitch-black concoction made from deer antlers and assorted herbs packs a 35% punch and tastes vile when drunk straight, but can be made reasonably palatable, if not exactly tasty, by the addition of tonic water or cola. At US$2 for a 350 ml flask of the original and US$3 for the "X.O." version, it's the cheapest legitimate tipple around.

Uyqu

Western-style accommodation is available in most major towns the country over; even less-visited places such as Kampong Chhnang have a number of affordable guesthouses or hotels. Basic guesthouses can go as low as US$5 a night in the countryside but prices in the cities are usually around the US$5-10. At the budget end, expect to provide your own towels etc. If you want air-con and hot water and cable TV the price creeps up to close to US$10-20, you can have a dorm bed in a backpacker's hotel in most places from US$2 up to US$5. Some budget places don't have hot showers, especially outside big cities, so check before booking if you can't stand a cold shower.

O'rganing

Cambodia has fewer opportunities for language and cultural studies for the short-term traveller, though there are many language schools and private teachers advertising for those who are hanging around a bit longer. There are also meditation groups which meet at some of the Buddhist Pagodas in Phnom Penh. There are Khmer cooking classes available in Battambang, Sihanoukville, Phnom Penh and Siem Reap.

Work

One of the most interesting ways to get to know a country, and which has become increasingly popular, is to volunteer.

Finding a paid job teaching English in Phnom Penh and Siem Reap is easy for English speakers, even if you have no other qualifications. If you're interested, print out some resumes and start handing them out to various schools.

Many bars and guesthouses in Siem Reap and Sihanoukville advertise the need for Western employees or volunteers and will generally provide free lodging and meals, but low pay, if any.

If considering volunteering at an orphanage, do be aware that many, if not all, are exploitative and poorly run. Very few so called children in orphanages in Cambodia are actually orphans, i.e. have no living parents. Your money is more likely to go the owner rather than the children. There are few legitimate orphanages in Cambodia. Any accepting visits from unscreened foreigners is often a sign of a substandard orphanage, which does not have the children's best interests at heart. There are several good articles [1] on the Internet that further explain the reality of modern day orphanages.

Xavfsiz bo'ling

Land mine warning sign

Cambodia is a reasonably safe country, with the usual exception for large cities late at night, particularly Phnom Penh, and unobserved luggage or wallets. Bag snatching, even from those on bicycles and motorcycles, is a problem in Phnom Penh. Be discreet with your possessions, especially cash and cameras, and take extra care in all poorly lit or more remote areas.

Crime and corruption

The rule of law in Cambodia is inconsistently applied. Crimes usually require bribes to be investigated, and if perpetrators are wealthy or connected to the government they will often be untouchable by police and courts. You should also be aware that the courts are corrupt, so contracts are hard to enforce without some political leverage. All this being said, the violent crime rate is fairly low, the police are generally friendly and non-threatening, and those with common sense have little to fear besides a scam or two and perhaps some petty theft.

Scams

Scams of all sorts are plentiful in Cambodia. Most notorious are the border officials looking for bribes, but in general tourists should expect prices to be marked up and tours to be not quite as advertised. Practice usual precautions for scams: negotiate everything clearly before you get into a taxi, check that the restaurant bill has been added up correctly before paying, etc. Any restaurant, hotel, or activity recommended by a tuk-tuk driver is likely paying him a commission.

Land mines

Cambodia suffers from a legacy of millions of land mines left during the war years. However, to tourists, land mines present a minimal to non-existent threat, as most areas near tourist areas have been thoroughly de-mined. Many tourists mistake electric or sewage warning signs along national highways for land mine signs. HALO Trust, a leading mine removal organization in Cambodia, asserts that you would have to drive through the jungle for at least an hour north of Angkor Wat to come across any mines. The threat is to locals in extremely rural areas who rely on subsistence agriculture for their livelihoods.

In remote areas such as Preah Vihear (near the border) and Pailin, a former Khmer Rouge stronghold, exercise caution: ask for local advice and heed warning signs, red paint and red rope, which may indicate mined areas. Do not venture beyond well established roads and paths. Most landmine signs in the country are red with Khmer text on the top, with English text on the bottom, with a Skull and Crossbones with large eye sockets in the middle. If you see this, do not go past it under any circumstance.

Prostitution

The age of consent in Cambodia is 15. Prostitution is illegal but widespread, although generally not overtly aimed at tourists (there are no go-go bars). Many bars and clubs, however, do have working girls wandering the premises, especially in Phnom Penh. While Asia has seen a 20% drop in new HIV infections since 2001—and Cambodia saw a 50% decline between 2003 and 2011—safe sex remains a must in all cases.

Cambodia has gained some notoriety as a destination for paedophiles, but under Cambodian law the penalty for sex with minors can be up to 30 years in prison, and paedophiles may be prosecuted by their home countries as well.

Drugs

Drugs, including cannabis, are illegal in Cambodia, and penalties can be very severe. Both Phnom Penh and Siem Reap are full of Happy Herb pizzerias; the effects of this illegal snack comes on only slowly and you may end up biting off more than you can chew, so if you choose to indulge, exercise caution. Many such restaurants advertising "happy pizza" do not actually serve drug-laced pizza. Heroin is very high grade in SE Asia and foreigners requesting cocaine are sometimes provided with it instead, regularly leading to deaths. Over-the-counter pharmaceuticals said to be similar to heroin are readily and legally available, and have also led to tourist deaths.

Pornography charges

Some Westerners have been arrested on pornography charges for imitating sexual acts at parties and recording them. If convicted then prison sentences can be up to a year.

Stay healthy

Ice in Cambodia may be made in factories with treated water but cannot be regarded as safe, since it may have been transported in contaminated bags. Ice cubes are safer than ice that appears to have been chipped from a block.

Cambodia lacks reliable medical facilities, doctors, clinics, hospitals and medication, especially in rural areas. Any serious problem should be dealt with in Bangkok yoki Singapur, which boast first rate services (at least to those who can afford them). Repatriation is also more easily arranged from either of those cities. Make sure your insurance covers medical evacuation. The private and pricey Royal Rattanak Hospital yilda Phnom Penh can be trusted for emergency medical care and can treat most diseases and injuries common to the region. Naga Clinic has branches in Siem Reap va Phnom Penh. It is also clean, safe and useful for minor conditions.

Local hospitals and clinics vary from mediocre to frightening. Expect dirt, poor equipment, expired medicines and placebos of flour and sugar.

In local clinics don't let them put anything in your blood: treat dehydration orally and not with a drip, as there is a risk of septicaemia (i.e. bacterial blood poisoning). The same goes for blood transfusions.

Hygienic standards of food and drinks leave something to be desired. Avoid untreated water, ice made from untreated water and any raw fruit or vegetables that may have been washed in untreated water. Tap water is generally not drinkable, so avoid. The Phnom Penh supply is claimed to be potable but few people trust it. Only the seriously immunocompromised will have problems brushing their teeth with it. Cheap bottled water is available in any town or village. Take water purification tablets or iodine to sterilize water if planning to visit more rural areas. Boiling water will also sterilize it without generating piles of waste plastic bottle waste or tainting the taste. The water in the jugs at cafés or restaurants will have been boiled, as obviously will have been the tea. Expats have no problem drinking from the water supply in Phnom Penh, but not elsewhere.

The most common ailment for travellers is traveller's diarrhoea, resulting in dehydration. Stay hydrated by drinking 2-3 litres of water per day. Consider bringing antidiarrhoeals with you. If you do get severe diarrhoea and become badly dehydrated, take an oral rehydration solution and drink plenty of treated water. However, a lot of blood or mucus in the stool can indicate dysentery, which requires a trip to a doctor for antibiotics.

No health certificates or vaccinations are officially required for entry to Cambodia, unless arriving directly from Africa. However, consult a doctor a few weeks before leaving home for up-to-date advice on inoculations. Generally advised are shots against tetanus, diphtheria, hepatitis B and meningitis, a polio booster and especially gamma globulin shots (against hepatitis A). Consider malaria tablets for trips to Cambodia of less than 30 days, though the most commonly visited places have minimal risk (see below). Fake antimalarials are a problem in Cambodia, so it's best to stock up before you come. A mosquito net may also help. Mosquitoes swarm Siem Reap at dusk, imported (i.e., trusted) DEET based insect repellent is available in Cambodia.

The contents of a basic medical kit-such as panadol, antihistamines, antibiotics, kaolin, oral rehydration solution, calamine lotion, bandages and band-aids, scissors and DEET insect repellent-can be acquired in Siem Reap va Phnom Penh. The particularly fastidious should put their kits together in Bangkok yoki Saigon before coming to Cambodia. There's no need to bother doing this before coming to Asia.

Phnom Penh is malaria-free, and Siem Reap va Angkor vat deyarli bezgaksiz. Malyariya profilaktikasi mamlakatning aksariyat joylarida tavsiya etiladi. Kasallik uchun eng katta tashvish bu chivinlardir dang isitmasi Bu juda yoqimsiz bo'lsa ham, hech bo'lmaganda, ("his-tuyg'ulari sababli" suyak sinishi "deb ataladi) umuman olganda birinchi marotaba qurbon bo'lganlarning hayoti uchun xavfli emas. Dengga chalinish xavfini kamaytirish uchun chivinlarga qarshi vositalardan foydalaning.

Sirli kasallik. Ushbu kasallik, asosan uch yoshgacha bo'lgan bolalar, 2012 yil iyul oyida enterovirus 71 deb topilgani haqida xalqaro matbuotda keng tarqalgan bo'lsa-da, o'lim haqidagi mish-mishlar davom etmoqda (2013 yil noyabr). Bu mahalliy matbuotda taqiqlangan mavzuga o'xshaydi, ammo chet elliklar va mahalliy aholi, bolalar bu sirli nafas yo'llari kasalligidan qanday qilib o'lishni davom ettirishlari haqida, ehtimol haftasiga bir necha bor gapirishadi. Chet elliklar tovuqlarni tashish va qafas qilish sharoitlariga asoslanib, tovuqni kasallik tarqalishida ayblab, hatto taniqli oziq-ovqat zanjirlaridan ham tovuqni iste'mol qilishdan bosh tortishadi.

Aprel eng shafqatsiz oy: mart va aprel oylarida ob-havo eng issiq (> 35 ° C), quyosh nurlaridan saqlanish uchun quyoshdan saqlovchi kremlardan foydalaning va bosh kiyimingizni kiying.

OIV

Ikkala jinsdagi fohishalar ko'pchilikni ko'tarishi mumkin STDs. Fohishalar orasida OIVning rasmiy darajasi 34% ni tashkil qiladi, bu butun aholi uchun 0,6% ni tashkil qiladi.

Hurmat

Kambodja - chorrahada joylashgan mamlakat. Ko'proq sayyohlik joylari kabi Pnompen va Siem Reap kabi joylarda odamlar turistik xatti-harakatlarga yaxshi moslashgan Stung Treng yoki Banlung kamroq. Birovning rasmini olishdan oldin har doim ruxsat so'rang, chunki chekka joylardagi ko'pchilik suratga tushishni yoqtirmaydi, ba'zilari esa shahar joylarida to'lovni so'raydi.

Kiyinish ayollar uchun Kambodjada ko'proq konservativ hisoblanadi. Hozir Pnom Pen va Siem Reapda qisqa shimlar qabul qilinishi mumkin bo'lsa-da, ushbu joylardan tashqarida tizzadan uzun shim yoki shim kiyish ko'proq hurmatlidir. Kambodja ayollari kunduzi konservativ tarzda kiyinishni afzal ko'rishlari mumkin, chunki ular o'zlariga yoqimsiz deb topilgan qoralashning oldini olish uchun terining ko'p qismini yopib qo'yishadi, kechalari esa kiyinish kodlari yanada oshkor bo'ladi. Tungi klublardagi bunday mahalliy ayollarni fohishalar uchun adashtirmang; boshqalar kabi shaharda bir kecha-kunduzda bo'lishdi. Plyaj kiyimlari juda konservativ: spidoslar va bikinilar chet elliklar orasida keng tarqalgan emas.

Kambodjaning hamma joylarida yosh bolalar guruhlarini uchratish mumkin va ko'plab sayohatchilar o'zlarining do'stlik bilakuzuklari va boshqa buyumlarini sotib olish uchun o'zlarini "xafa" qilishadi. Shunga qaramay, ko'pincha bolalar sizlarga o'zlarining ingliz tillarini o'rganish imkoniyatidan mamnun bo'lishadi - va ularning ismlari va yoshlarini so'rab suhbat "qiyin sotish" unutilgan joyda rivojlanishi mumkin. Bolalar va kattalar sizning oilangiz va mamlakatingizning fotosuratlarini tomosha qilishni xush ko'rishadi.

Khmer Rouge-ning qotillik maydonlaridan biri bo'lgan Choeung Ekdagi ommaviy qabr

The Kxmer-ruj masala juda Kambodjaliklar umuman bu haqda gapirmaslikni afzal ko'rgan nozik biri. Ammo, agar siz bunga xushmuomalalik bilan yondashsangiz, ular mamnuniyat bilan javob berishadi. Vetnamliklar haqida gapirganda, umuman olganda odamlar hech qanday xavotirga tushmaydilar; aslida ular 1979 yilda Kambodjada yuqorida aytib o'tilgan shafqatsiz rejimni ag'darish uchun aralashganlarida, ularni ozod qiluvchilar sifatida keng qabul qilishgan. Vetnamparast rejim Kxmer-Rujning 1980-yillarda mamlakatni iqtisodiy obodlikka olib boruvchi shaharsozlik siyosatidan jiddiy zarar ko'rgan barcha infratuzilmani bosqichma-bosqich qo'zg'olonlar bilan qayta tikladi.

Buddist rohiblar

Qo'shni Tailand va Laos singari, Kambodjada asosan Theravada buddistlari. Bu shuni anglatadiki, rohiblar hurmatga sazovor va ular o'z vazifalariga jiddiy munosabatda bo'lishlari kerak. Tailanddagi kabi rohiblar ertalab odamlardan sadaqa yig'ish uchun aylanib yurishadi. Rohiblar urg'ochilar bilan jismoniy aloqa qilishdan qochishlari kerak, shuning uchun rohibga ovqat taklif qilmoqchi bo'lgan ayollar uni oldidagi mato ustiga qo'yishlari kerak, shunda u uni olib ketishi mumkin. Rohiblarga pulni qabul qilish yoki ularga teginish taqiqlanadi va rohibga pul taklif qilish mahalliy madaniyatga hurmatsizlik deb hisoblanadi. Agar siz xayr-ehson qilmoqchi bo'lsangiz, oziq-ovqat bering. Peshindan keyin rohiblarga qattiq ovqat eyishga ruxsat berilmaganligi sababli, ular undan oldin sadaqa yig'ishni to'xtatadilar. Sayyohlik joylarida yurib, sayyohlardan xayriya mablag'lari so'raydigan "rohiblar" - bu yolg'onchilar.

Ulanmoq

Telefon

Kambodja GSM mobil tizimidan foydalanadi va uyali karta eng katta operator, keyin Aqlli keyin Mobitel. Oldindan to'langan SIM-kartalar keng tarqalgan (1 AQSh dollaridan). 2013 yil aprel oyidan boshlab ko'chadagi yoki kichik xususiy do'konlarning aksariyat telefon sotuvchilari pasportni ko'rsatmasdan oldindan to'lanadigan simlarni sotadilar. Ammo yirik telefon do'konlarida pasport kerak bo'ladi.

Mobil qo'ng'iroqlar uchun to'lov usuli noodatiy yon ta'sirni keltirib chiqardi. Yuqoridagi 3 ta tarmoq operatorlarida oldindan to'lov hisob raqamingizni masalan. 1 AQSh dollari, telefoningizdagi ba'zi sehrli rinalarda kalit so'zlar va oldindan to'lashingiz uchun 1 AQSh dollari 100 AQSh dollar (yoki undan ko'proq) bo'ladi, ammo bu sehrli qo'shimcha faqat tarmoq ichidagi qo'ng'iroqlar yoki tarmoq ichidagi matnlar uchun ishlatilishi mumkin. Shuncha kompaniyalar, yotoqxonalar va hk. Turli xil tarmoqlar uchun ikkita yoki uchta uyali telefon raqamlarini nashr eting va turli xil operator operatorlari SIM-kartalari bilan 2 yoki 3 ta uyali telefonlarga ega bo'ling. Pnompendagi tuk-tuk haydovchilari "stek" sifatida saqlanadigan 3 ta mobil telefonni olib yurishadi. Mahalliy aholi qaysi prefikslar qaysi tarmoq uchun ekanligini bilishadi, shuning uchun mehmonxonaga qo'ng'iroq qilishni istasangiz, ularning nashr etilgan raqamini o'zingizning tarmoq bilan bir xil tarmoq prefiksi bilan tanlaysiz. SIM karta.

Kambodjadagi shahar raqamlari quyidagicha ro'yxatga olingan 855 nk 123-4567 bu erda "855" Kambodja uchun mamlakat kodi, "n" mintaqa kodining birinchi raqami 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 yoki 7 bo'ladi; maydon kodining ikkinchi raqami "k" 2-6 oralig'idagi raqam bo'ladi. (Ichki ko'rinishda etakchi nol xalqaro formatda o'chiriladi.) Qolgan 6 yoki 7 ta raqam (defis bilan birlashtirilgan) abonent raqamining "mahalliy" qismidir.

Uyali telefon raqamlari 1, 8 yoki 9 bilan boshlanadi, so'ngra etti yoki sakkiz raqamdan iborat bo'ladi. Masalan, mobil telefonning to'liq raqamini har doim terish kerak 855 1 1234 5678.

Internet

Internet-kafelar arzon (soatiga 0,50-1 AQSh dollari) va keng tarqalgan, hatto kichik shaharlarda ham kamida bitta keng polosali aloqa mavjud bo'ladi. In Kampot, Kratiy va Sianukvill stavkalar soatiga 1 AQSh dollar atrofida. Wi-Fi tobora ommalashib bormoqda, signallar nafaqat kofe do'konlarida, balki tez ovqatlanish restoranlari, barlarda va hatto yoqilg'i quyish shoxobchalarida ham mumkin emas. Mahalliy keng polosali ulanish narxi 29.95-89.00 AQSh dollaridan iborat.

Endi tezkor simsiz 3G / 4G internet (3.5G yoki 7.2 MBpS 3G / 4G modem USB-stik, qulflanmagan 3G / 4G modem narxi 30 AQSh dollarini tashkil qiladi) endi Pnompen, Siem Reap va Sihanoukville / Kampot / Kep-da deyarli chekka qamrovi pastroq. boshqa barcha sohalar. Turistlar o'zlarining SIM-kartalariga oyiga 3 AQSh dollaridan kam bo'lmagan miqdorda (maksimal 0,8 Gb, LT3 to'plami) (Metfone) yoki 1 c / MB miqdorida Qbmore yoki cheksiz ma'lumotlar to'plami / oyiga 25 dollar (Metfone) bilan qo'shishlari mumkin. boshqa 3G router sizning uyingizda / mahallangizda Internetni ulashish uchun Wi-Fi ulanish nuqtasini tashkil qilishi mumkin.

Taymer yoki Vetnam kabi yozma kxmerlar hali elektron dunyoda katta mavqega ega emas. Telefonlar va kompyuterlar (va shu sababli Kambodja matnli xabarlari, elektron pochta xabarlari, ijtimoiy tarmoqdagi sharmandalik va veb-sahifalar) ingliz tilida bo'lishadi.

Xabar

Bir marta falokat bo'lganida, Kambodjadagi pochtaga sayohat endi sizning yukingiz bilan xayrlashishni anglatmaydi. Qit'alararo postkartalar 2 hafta ichida kelishi kerak; Osiyo ichida, 1 hafta. Narxlar arzon.

Keyingisi

• Laos
• Plyajlari va orollari Sharqiy Tailand, kabi Ko Chang, Ko Samet va Pattaya, Kambodjadan osongina erishish mumkin.
• Vetnam