Ispancha so'zlashuv kitobi - Spanish phrasebook

Rasmiy til sifatida ispan tili bo'lgan mintaqalar. Ular asosan Evropa va Amerikada to'plangan.

Ispaniya (español), shuningdek, nomi bilan tanilgan Kastiliya (kastellano), dunyodagi eng ko'p gapiradigan to'rtinchi til (ingliz tilidan keyin, Mandarin xitoyiva Hindustani), taxminan 540 million karnay bilan. Kelib chiqishi Ispaniya va u erda yashovchilarning aksariyati gapirishadi, shuningdek, bu rasmiy til Meksika va barchasi Markaziy Amerika Belizdan tashqari (garchi u erda ham keng tushunilgan bo'lsa) va aksariyat mamlakatlar Janubiy Amerika: Argentina, Boliviya, Chili, Kolumbiya, Ekvador, Paragvay, Peru, Urugvay, Venesuela. Ispan tili ikkinchi til sifatida umuman boshqa qit'ada ma'lum darajada tushuniladi.

In Karib dengizi, Ispan tilida gaplashadi Kuba, Dominika Respublikasiva Puerto-Riko. In Qo'shma Shtatlar, Ispan tili birgalikda rasmiy tildir Nyu-Meksiko, shuningdek, ko'plab odamlar uchun birinchi til Kaliforniya, Texas, Nyu-York, Chikago, Janubiy Florida, va ko'p Janubi-g'arbiy. AQShda 50 millionga yaqin ispan tilida so'zlashuvchilar mavjud (shu jumladan ona va ikkinchi tilda so'zlashadiganlar), bu dunyodagi ispan tilida so'zlashadigan aholisi Meksikadan keyin ikkinchi o'rinni egallagan mamlakatdir. Bundan tashqari, ispan tili Afrika davlatida rasmiy tildir Ekvatorial Gvineya. Evropada bu keng tarqalgan norasmiy til Andorra va Britaniya hududida Gibraltar.

G'arbiy romantik tili bo'lgan ispan tili boshqa romantik tillar bilan chambarchas bog'liq va ular bilan bir-biriga tushunarli, masalan Kataloniya, Italyancha, Portugalva Rumin. Ingliz va ispan tillari so'zlarning uchdan bir qismiga (lotin orqali) ega, ammo talaffuzi va yozilishi juda boshqacha.

Agar portugal yoki italyan tillarida gaplashsangiz yolg'onchi do'stlardan ehtiyot bo'ling. Bunga portugal tilini misol qilish mumkin embaraçada (xijolat) vs ispan ambazada (homilador), portugal oficina (seminar) va boshqalar Ispaniya oficina (ofis), italyan burro (sariyog ') va boshqalar Ispaniya burro (eshak) va italyan karta (qog'oz) va boshqalar Ispaniya karta (xat).

Grammatika

Grammatik jins

Ispancha ismlar ayol va erkak kabi ikkita jinsga ega. Grammatik jins biologik jinsga bog'liq emas, shuning uchun ingliz tilidan farqli o'laroq, hatto jonsiz narsalarga ham jins belgilanadi (masalan. silla [stul] ayollarga xos; libro [kitob] erkakcha). Ism oldidagi maqola jinsi va soniga bog'liq: aniq artikl (bu ingliz tilida The) la yagona ayol ismlari uchun, el yagona erkak ismlari uchun, las ko'plikdagi ayol ismlari uchun va Los ko'plik erkak ismlari uchun. Odamlarga tegishli bo'lgan ismlarning grammatik jinsi, odatda, ularning jinsiga ergashadi, ammo ular qaysi shaxsning jinsidan qat'iy nazar bir jinsda qoladigan ismlar mavjud (masalan.) persona [odam] erkakka ishora qilsa ham ayolga xosdir). Dastlab bu ingliz tilida so'zlashuvchilar uchun chalkash yoki yo'naltiruvchi tuyulishi mumkin bo'lsa-da, tizim tezda tushunilishi mumkin. Bilan tugaydigan ko'pgina ismlar -o erkaklar va aksariyat ismlar bilan tugaydi -a ayollarga xosdir. Unlilar bilan tugaydigan ismlarning aksariyati, shuningdek, ba'zi bir istisnolardan tashqari, erkaklar. Masalan, tugaydigan har bir ism -ción (masalan, ma'lumotción [ma `lumot], nación [millat]) ayollarga xosdir. Agar siz jinsga asoslangan xato qilsangiz (masalan, gapirish) el mesa dan ko'ra la mesa [jadval]), ispan tilida so'zlashuvchilar sizni hali ham tushunishadi, garchi siz tuzatishingiz mumkin. Ushbu konventsiyalarni buzadigan ba'zi keng tarqalgan so'zlar mavjud (masalan, la kishio [qo'l]) yoki hatto dialektga qarab jinsni ham o'z ichiga olishi mumkin (masalan.) la / el mar [dengiz]).

Fe'l zamoni

Ispaniyaning fe'l zamon tizimi ingliz tiliga juda o'xshash, ammo barcha oltita shaxs / raqam kombinatsiyasi indikativda turli xil tugaydi. The rasmiy (foydasiz birlikda, usta ko'plikda) uchinchi shaxs fe'lini oladi. Sifatlar, ular ta'riflayotgan ismning jinsi va soniga mos kelishi kerak, shuning uchun erkak aytadi enkantado va bir ayol aytadi enkantada siz bilan uchrashishdan "xursand" bo'lganingiz uchun. Sifatlar har doim jinsi va ko'pligi bilan mos keladi, hatto ism "noto'g'ri" ko'rinishga ega bo'lsa ham; masalan, "toza qo'llar" manos limpias, Garchi; .. bo'lsa ham mano bilan tugaydi -o. Bilvosita ob'ekt va jonli to'g'ridan-to'g'ri ob'ekt ikkalasi tomonidan belgilanadi a: preguntar alguien (birovdan so'rash).

Shubha tug'ilganda

Ispaniyaning til uchun mas'ul muassasasi "RAE"(ko'pincha alohida harflar o'rniga so'z sifatida talaffuz qilinadi) Haqiqiy Academia Española yoki Ispaniyaning Qirollik Ispaniya akademiyasi 18-asrda tilni" tozalang, aniqlang va ulug'vorlik bering "degan qadimiy shiori bilan tashkil etilgan. ularning lingvistik preskripsiyasi noto'g'ri yo'l tutishi mumkin va Lotin Amerikasining ko'proq ovozlarini qo'shishga urinishlariga qaramay, bu hali ham ko'p jihatdan evrosentrik muassasa bo'lib, RAE tomonidan tasdiqlangan har qanday foydalanish ispan tilida so'zlashadigan dunyoning barcha burchaklarida qabul qilinishi mumkinligiga ishonch hosil qilish mumkin. Shunga qaramay, RAE o'zgarishni, xususan anglophone kredit so'zlarini yoki gender neytral tilidagi sa'y-harakatlarni qabul qilishni istamasligi, uni hali ham "oltin standart" sifatida qaralsa ham, o'z ta'sirini biroz yo'qotishiga olib keldi. Ispaniyada bu til, odamlar Madriddan kelgan lingvistik buyruqlarga e'tibor bermasdan gapirishga moyil bo'lgan Lotin Amerikasida juda kam ta'sirga ega.

Talaffuz bo'yicha qo'llanma

Ispan orfografiyasi juda fonetik bo'lishning yoqimli xususiyatiga ega, faqat bir nechta aniq belgilangan istisnolardan tashqari. Bu shuni anglatadiki, agar siz so'zning harflarini qanday talaffuz qilishni bilsangiz, so'zning o'zi ovoz chiqarib olish nisbatan oson. Ispaniyada boshqa turli xil tillardan olingan qarz so'zlari mavjud bo'lsa-da, bu ingliz tilidagi xodge-podgega o'xshamaydi, bu juda ham taxmin qilinmaydigan imlo, etimologiya va grammatik qoidalarga ishonib bo'lmaydi. Ispan tilida ingliz tiliga qaraganda qarz so'zlarini "mahalliylashtirish" tendentsiyasi ancha kuchliroq, ya'ni imlo, talaffuz yoki ikkalasi ham ispan tilining mantig'iga mos keladigan tarzda o'zgartiriladi, natijada "beisbol" kabi so'zlar paydo bo'ladi.

Ispancha talaffuz mintaqaga qarab farq qiladi, ammo turli mamlakatlardan kelgan ma'ruzachilar bir-birlarini muammosiz tushunishlari mumkin. Lahjalar odatda Ispaniyada (Iberian, Peninsular yoki European Spanish deb nomlanadi) va Lotin Amerikasida so'zlashadigan navlarga birlashtiriladi, ammo bu guruhlarning har biri o'rtasida sezilarli farqlar mavjud. Ularning orasidagi eng ajoyib farq barchasi Lotin Amerikasi shevalari va eng Ispan lahjalari "e" yoki "i" dan oldin "z", "c" talaffuzida yotadi. Lotin Amerikasidagi barcha lahjalar "s" tovushini chiqarmoqda (shu bilan "caza" va "casa" gomofonlarni yaratmoqda) Ispaniyadagi aksariyat ispan lahjalari o'sha odamlar uchun "th" tovushini (tishlar orasidagi til bilan, "θ" shaklida ifodalanadi) chiqaradi. undoshlar.

Unlilar

Ispan tilidagi unlilar qisqa aniq tovushlardir. Ular ba'zi ingliz unlilariga o'xshab sudrab chiqilmaydi. Ispancha "uzun" va "kalta" unlilarni farqlamaydi va ispan tilida so'zlashadiganlar hatto farqni eshitishi ehtimoldan yiroq emas. Ammo stressli va stresssiz o'rtasida farq bor.

a

"otada" "a" kabi

e

"to'lash" dagi "ay" va "chorva" dagi "e" o'rtasida

men

"ee" kabi "ko'rish"

o

"rulon" dagi "o" kabi

siz

"qoida" dagi "u" kabi

y

"ko'rish" da "ee" kabi. So'zlarning o'rtasida yoki oxirida juda kam qo'llaniladi. So'zlarning boshida yoshlarda "y" kabi.

Undoshlar

b

so'z boshida va "m" dan keyin "tirsak" da "b" kabi: boca (og'iz). Boshqa joylarda deyarli inglizcha "v" kabi yumshoq tebranish ovozi, xususan "v" tovushi, lekin ikki labingizni "v" ning havo oqimi bilan "b" yoki "p" shaklida birlashtirgan holda.

v

Ko'p hollarda u "qo'rqitish" da "c" kabi talaffuz qilinadi: chaqirish (ko'cha). So'ngra "e" yoki "i" qo'shilsa, u "kechki ovqatda" (s, Amerika, Kanareykalar va Filippinning ba'zi joylarida) yoki "ingichka" (Ispaniya) da "th" ga o'xshaydi: kino (Lotin Amerikasi tomonidan talaffuz qilingan kinoteatr YO'Q, Ispanlar kabi YO'Q)

ch

"teginish" da "ch" kabi: muchacho (bola) [tʃ]

d

jumla boshida yoki "n" yoki "l" dan keyin "it" tarkibidagi "d" kabi; unlilar orasidagi "the" dagi "th" kabi: de (dan / dan), pasado (sifat yoki ot o'tgan). Odatda siz "th" tovushini "the" dagi kabi ishlatasiz.

f

"jarima" ichidagi "f" kabi: faro (mayoq)

g

keyin "e" yoki "i" qo'shilsa, tomoq kabi "h" (umumiy = heh-neh-RAHL, umumiy ma'noni anglatadi), aks holda "oldin" so'zidagi "g" ga o'xshash (gato, mushuk). "Gue" va "gui" klasterlarida "u" faqat undosh tovushni o'zgartirish uchun xizmat qiladi va jim turadi (gitara, gitara), agar u "güe" va "güi" (pedigüeño, tilanchi). Unlilar orasida, u yumshoqroq tovushga zaiflashishga intiladi, [ɣ].

h

jim: hora= OR-ah (soat). Faqat xorijiy so'zlarda yumshoqroq "j" kabi talaffuz qilinadi.

j

"ha" dagi tomoq kabi "h": jamon (jambon), "Loch" dagi kabi shotland yoki nemischa "ch" tovushi yaqin [x]

k

"chang'i" dagi "k" kabi: kilo K harfi faqat xorijiy so'zlarda ishlatiladi (karate, kilo, Kiev va boshqalar). Bu ma'lum darajada Bask tili (u erda keng tarqalgan) va yoshlar nostandart imlolaridagi madaniyat bilan bog'liq bo'lib, qu, e, i va c dan oldin a, u, o va undoshlardan oldin almashtiriladi.

l

"sevgi" tarkibidagi "l" kabi: lapiz (qalam)

ll

Dialektik jihatdan farq qiladi. Eng oson tushuniladigan talaffuz "yil" dagi "y" ga o'xshaydi: llamar (qo'ng'iroq qilmoq). Faqatgina Argentina va Urugvayda "Zhivago" yoki "sh" [ʃ] kabi "zh" [ʒ] kabi talaffuz qilinadi; ba'zi boshqa mamlakatlarda u inglizcha "j" [dʒ] kabi "ninja" da yoki "ly" [ʎ] kabi inglizcha "million" so'zida talaffuz qilinishi mumkin. [ʎ] talaffuzi bir paytlar maktab ta'limida "yagona to'g'ri" shakl sifatida qo'llanilgan, ayniqsa frankist Ispaniyada, lekin endi shimolga qarab Ispaniyada chekinmoqda, aks holda boshqa tilda (masalan, katalon yoki kechua) bu fonemani o'z ichiga olgan ikki tilli ma'ruzachilar orasida keng tarqalgan.

m

"ona" da "m" kabi: mano (qo'l, grammatik jinsi yuqorida ko'rsatilgan qoidalarni buzadigan so'zning noyob namunasi - "la mano" to'g'ri)

n

"n" ga "nice" va "n" ga "anchor" singari: yo'q (kecha), ankla (langar)

ñ

"kanyon" dagi "ny" kabi: kanon (kanyon) [ɳ], pinata. Bu ispan alifbosidagi alohida harf. Buni "n" deb talaffuz qilish odatda tushunarli bo'ladi, lekin ba'zida umuman alohida so'z ham qilishi mumkin. Masalan; misol uchun, año "yil", ammo ano "anus" - 33 yoshga to'lganingizni aytganda 33 ta anus bor, deb aytishdan qochishingiz kerak bo'ladi.

p

"tupurish" da "p" kabi: perro (it)

q

"chang'i" dagi "k" kabi (har doim jim "u" bilan): queso, talaffuz qilingan KAY-shunday (pishloq)

r, rr

Ispan tilida ikkita "r" tovushi bor, ikkalasi ham ingliz tilidagi hamkasbidan farq qiladi. Ularning har birini taxminiy aniqlash, tinglovchilarni bir-biridan farqlashiga yordam berish uchun biroz harakat qilish kerak perro ("it") va pero ("lekin") - yoki ehtimol sizni umuman tushunish uchun:

• bitta r: Amerikalik ingliz tilida so'zlashuvchilar uchun, shunga o'xshash dd "narvonda". Bu tovush tilning uchini og'iz tomining old qismi yuqori tishlarga tutashgan joyga qo'yilishi bilan hosil bo'ladi, ingliz tilida so'zlashuvchilar aytadigan harakatga juda o'xshash. l yoki d. Ba'zi ingliz tilida so'zlashuvchilar uchun bu birlashtirilgan "d-r" ga o'xshab ketishi mumkin. Talaffuz qilish uchun ehtiyot bo'ling r undosh ergashganda alohida-alohida; aralashgan ingliz tili tr ispancha so'zda tan olinmaydi otro ("boshqa"), bu "OHT-roh" ga o'xshashroq talaffuz qilinishi kerak. So'zlarni unli harflar bilan ajratish uchun umumiy tuzoqdan qochishga harakat qiling: Pero va perro tovushlarining farqi yo'q va agar siz ovoz chiqarib qo'ysangiz, ispan tilida so'zlashuvchilar hech qanday eshitmaydi.
• o'ralgan r: So'z boshida "r" yoki unlilar orasida "rr" yozilgan. Bu trill, ko'p marta tebranadigan tovush. Holbuki aksariyat ingliz tilida so'zlashuvchilar bitta kranni o'rganishni o'rganishadi r, ispan tilini o'rganadigan ko'plab kattalar bu tovushni ishlab chiqarishning iloji yo'q deb hisoblashadi; bu holda, uni ispancha talaffuz qilish r yoki fumbling a d-r uni inglizcha uzun talaffuz qilishdan ko'ra yaxshiroq tushuniladi r.

s

"o'g'li" tarkibidagi kabi: sopa (osh); Ispaniyada u ko'pincha so'z yoki bo'g'inning oxirida yumshoq, palatlangan "sh" kabi talaffuz qilinadi.

t

"stop" dagi "t" kabi: tapa (tepada)

v

Xuddi shu tarzda talaffuz qilindi b (yuqoriga qarang): so'z boshida va "n" dan keyin "tirsak" da "b" kabi; boshqa joylarda inglizcha "v" tovushiga yaqinroq. Ajratish v dan b xat nomini aytganda, qaysi biri "ve chica" yoki "be grande" deb aytiladi; mahalliy ispan tilida so'zlashuvchilar "vee" va "ari" o'rtasidagi farqni eshitmasligi mumkin.

w

inglizcha so'zlarda "og'irlik" bilan "w" kabi, viski, ("WEESS-kee" deb talaffuz qilinadi). Nemischa so'zlar bilan "yotoqda" "b" kabi. Ushbu xat hech qachon mahalliy ispancha so'zlarda ishlatilmaydi va siz butun umringizni Ispan mamlakatlarida yashay olasiz va "viski" so'zidan tashqarida hech qachon eshitmaysiz.

x

"moslashuvchan" dagi 'x' kabi (egiluvchan). So'z boshida "xirillagan" kabi "ss" (xilófono, ksilofon). So'zlarda tomoq kabi "h" Meksika, Meksiko, Oaxaka, va oaxaqueño. Ko'pincha amerikalik kelib chiqishi mahalliy so'zlarda uchraydi, u erda ispancha talaffuz mantig'iga rioya qilmaslik mumkin.

y

"ha" dagi "y" kabi: payaso (masxaraboz). "Boy" dagi "y" singari: hoy (hozir). Faqatgina Argentina va Urugvayda "Zhivago" yoki "sh" [ʃ] kabi "zh" [ʒ] kabi talaffuz qilinadi: yo no sé (Bilmayman), "zhoh noh say" deb talaffuz qilingan.

z

"kechki ovqat" dagi "s" kabi (Lotin Amerikasi, Ispaniyaning ayrim qismlari), "ingichka" dagi "th" singari (Ispaniyaning katta qismi) [θ]: zorro (tulki). Qarang v yuqorida.

B / p / v o'rtasidagi talaffuzdagi o'xshashliklar qiyin bo'lishi mumkin gringolar (Ingliz tilida so'zlashuvchilar). Ko'pgina ispan tilida so'zlashuvchilar ingliz madaniyatlarini yaxshi bilishadi, xususan Meksika va Ispaniyada ular ingliz tilida so'zlashuvchilar bilan muntazam ravishda o'zaro aloqada bo'lib turishadi, shuning uchun ular sizning so'zlaringizni xuddi shunday talaffuz qila olmasligingiz bilan ko'proq tanishishlari mumkin. Agar siz And tog'idagi chekka qishloqlarga tashrif buyurayotgan bo'lsangiz, ispanlar noto'g'riligini dekodlash ehtimoli kamroq bo'ladi.

Diftonlar

Ko'pgina diftonglarni birinchi unlini ikkinchisiga bitta hecada aralashtirish orqali taxmin qilish mumkin. Biroq, Real Academía Española xabariga ko'ra faqat i yoki u o'z ichiga olgan diftonglar "bitta hece", qolganlari ikki hecadan iborat (bu diqqatni qaerga qo'yish kerakligi bilan bog'liq)

a, ay

"ko'z" kabi: saqlovchi (BAI-leh, raqs)

au

"sigir" dagi "ow" kabi: kauza (KOW-sah, sabab)

ea

"eh-ah" kabi: fea (FEH-ah, xunuk)

ei, ey

"ay" kabi "ay" kabi: reina, rey. (RAY-nah, qirolicha)

yi

"eh-oo" kabi: evro ("EH-oo-roh")

ia

"ee-yah" kabi: pianino (Yah-noh)

ya'ni

"ee-yeh" kabi: pirog (PYEH, oyoq)

io

"ee-oh" kabi: dio (DYOH, berdi)

iu

"ee-oo" kabi: ciudad (qarang-oo-DAHD, shahar)

oi, oy

"bolada" "oy" kabi: soya (soya, Men)

ua

"hamyon" dagi "wa" kabi: cuatro (KWAH-troh, to'rt)

ue

"biz" kabi "yaxshi": puedo (PWEH-doh, Qo'limdan keladi)

ui, uy

"ween" dagi "wee" kabi: ruido (RRWEE-doh, shovqin)

uo

"bo'lmaydi" ichidagi "wo" kabi: averiguo (ah-beh-REE-gwoh, Men bilib oldim)

Urg'u va stress

So'z stresi so'zning ma'nosiga ta'sir qilishi mumkin va odatda quyidagi qoidalarga amal qiladi:

• Agar so'z bir urg'u bilan belgilangan bo'lsa, unda bu hece stressni oladi.
  • Bundan tashqari, agar aksan diftongni belgilasa, diftongning ikki unli orasida hece sinishi sodir bo'ladi.

• Agar so'z aksan bilan belgilanmasa, unda

1. agar so'z boshqa undosh bilan tugasa N yoki S, stress paydo bo'ladi oxirgi hece.
2. agar so'z unli bilan tugasa, N yoki S, stress paydo bo'ladi oxirgi yonida hece.

Misollar: (1-talaffuz: Iberian; 2-talaffuz: Lotin Amerikasi; faqat bittasi bo'lsa, u umumiy)

círculo (ULAR-koo-loh/SEER-koo-loh) → aylana

aylanma (KOO-loh/ko'ruvchi-KOO-loh) → tarqataman

circuló (theer-koo-LOH/ko'ruvchi-koo-LOH) → u tarqaldi

estás (ehs-TAHS) → siz

estaslar (EHS-tahlar) → bu

origen (oh-REE-hehn) → kelib chiqishi

orígenes (oh-REE-hehn-ehs) → kelib chiqishi

ciudad (sen-yoo-DAHD/qarang-yoo-DAHD) → shahar

ciudadalar (sen-sen-DAH-dehlar/qarang-yoo-DAH-dehlar) → shaharlar

Urg'u bir xil talaffuz qilinadigan, ammo har xil ma'noga ega so'zlarni farqlash uchun ham ishlatilishi mumkin:

el (u) el (the)

té (choy) te (siz [ob'ekt])

tú (siz [mavzu]) tu (sizning)

mí (men) mil (mening)

dé (berish [hozirgi subjunktiv]) de (dan / dan)

sí (ha) si (agar)

sé (Bilaman) se (bitta [olmosh])

más (ko'proq / ortiqcha) mas (lekin)

Kastiliya va Lotin Amerikasi Ispan

Talaffuzdagi farqlardan tashqari Ispaniyada va Ispaniyada Lotin Amerikasida gaplashadigan ispan tillari o'rtasida muhim leksik farqlar mavjud. Lotin Amerikasidagi turli xil Ispan lahjalari o'rtasida ko'pincha leksik farqlar mavjud (masalan, ananas shunday) pina Meksikada va anana Argentinada). Xususan, Argentina va Urugvayda gapiradigan ispan tillari kuchli Italyancha ta'sir qiladi va ba'zi narsalar odatdagi ispancha ismlar o'rniga italyancha nomlari bilan yaxshi tanilgan bo'lishi mumkin (masalan.) birra ning o'rniga serveza pivo uchun).

Haddan tashqari umumlashtirish uchun til darajasi qanchalik baland bo'lsa (baland bo'yli gazetalar yoki hukumat kommunikatsiyalari deb o'ylang), shunchalik amerikalik va yarimorol ispan tillariga o'xshash bo'ladi. Shu bilan birga, "jargon" va og'zaki til bir-biridan sezilarli darajada ajralib turishi mumkin, chunki ular noaniq mamlakatda noto'g'ri jargonlardan foydalanishga urinish paytida pueril snickeringdan tortib to befarq ko'rinishga qadar oddiygina tushunarsizlikka qadar reaktsiyalarni keltirib chiqaradi.

Quyidagi jadvalda Ispaniya va Lotin Amerikasi o'rtasida farq qiluvchi ba'zi umumiy atamalarga misollar keltirilgan.

So'zlar ro'yxati

Quyidagi talaffuz ko'rsatmalarida Lotin Amerikasi talaffuzi taxminan bitta. Yuqorida aytib o'tganimizdek, Kastiliya ispan tilidagi eng ko'zga ko'ringan farq shu z, shu qatorda; shu bilan birga v oldin men va e, "cho'kish" dagi "s" o'rniga "o'ylash" da "th" kabi talaffuz qilinadi. Yaxshi talaffuzni alifbo harflari bilan ifodalash mumkin emas. Agar siz ushbu iboralarni bu erda ko'rsatilgandek talaffuz qilsangiz, ehtimol sizning quvnoq tinglovchilaringiz sizni tushunishadi, ammo ularning talaffuzini bir muncha tinglagandan so'ng, biz bu erda biz taklif qilgan narsalarga e'tibor bermasligingiz mumkin.

Asoslari

Salom / salom (norasmiy)

Xola (OH-lah)

Kuningiz xayrli o'tsin

Que pase (rasmiy) / pases (norasmiy) un buen día (keh PAH-seh / PAH-sehs un BWEHN DEE-ah)

Qalaysiz? (norasmiy)

Ó Cómo estás? (KOH-moh ehs-TAHS?)

Qalaysiz? (norasmiy)

¿Qué tal? (kay TAL)

Qalaysiz? (rasmiy)

Ó Cómo está usted? (KOH-moh ehs-TAH oos-TEHD?)

Yaxshi rahmat

Muy bien, gracias. (MOO-ee byehn, GRAH-syahs)

Ismingiz nima? (norasmiy)

Ó Cómo te llamas? (KOH-moh QAYDI YAH-mahs?)

Ismingiz nima? (rasmiy)

¿Cómo se llama usted? (KOH-moh SIZ YAH-mah oos-TEHD DEGANMI?)

Siz kimsiz? (norasmiy)

¿Quién eres? (KYEN EH-rehsmi?)

Siz kimsiz? (rasmiy)

I Quien es ustedmi? (KYEN ehs oos-TEHD?)

Mening ismim ______

Menga llamo ______ (MEH YAH-moh _____ )

Men ______ (ba'zi doimiy yoki yarim doimiy sifat, masalan, millat, jins yoki kasb)

(Yo) soya ______ (YOH SOY ______)

Men ______ (ba'zi vaqtinchalik sifat, masalan, kayfiyat, joylashuv yoki yo'nalish)

(Yo) estoy ______ (YOH eh-STOY ______)

Tanishganimdan xursandman

Encantado / a (ehn-kahn-TAH-doh/ehn-kahn-TAH-dah)

Siz bilan uchrashishdan mamnunman

Mucho gusto. (MOO-choh GOOS-toh)

Men sizni .... bilan tanishtirmoqchiman.

Menga gustaría presentarle a .... (meh goos-tah-REE-ah preh-sehn-TAHR-leh ah)

Yoshingiz nechida? (rasmiy)

¿Cuántos años tiene usted? (KWAHN-tohs AH-nyohs TYEH-neh oos-TEHD)

Men .... yoshdaman.

Tengo .... años. (TEHN-goh .... AH-nyohs)

Iltimos

(Iltimos (POHR fah-BOHR)

rahmat

Gracias (GRAH-syahlar)

Salomat bo'ling

De nada (DEH NAH-dah)

Ha

Sí (KO'RING)

Yo'q

Yo'q (YO'Q)

Kechirasiz (e'tiborni jalb qilish)

Disculpe (dees-KOOL-peh)

Kechirasiz (kechirim so'rab)

Perdone (pehr-DOHN-eh)

Kechirasiz (borsam bo'ladimi?)

Permiso (pehr-MEE-so)

Uzr so'rayman

Lo siento (LOH SYEHN-toh)

Xayr. Salomat bo'ling

Adios (ah-DYOHS) / Xasta luego (AHS-tah LWEH-goh)

Men ozgina ispancha gapiraman.

Hablo un poco español. (ah-BLOH oon POH-koh ehs-pah-NYOHL)

Ispan tilida gapira olmayman (yaxshi)

Xablo (bien) español yo'q (noh AH-bloh (byehn) ehs-pah-NYOL)

Siz inglizcha gapirasizmi? (norasmiy)

¿Xablas inglizlari? (AH-blahs een-GLEHS?)

Siz inglizcha gapirasizmi? (rasmiy)

¿Xabla ingliz tilini ishlatdimi? (AH-blah oos-TEHD een-GLEHS?)

Bu erda ingliz tilini biladigan odam bormi?

¿Hay alguien que hable inglés? (ai ahl-GYEHN keh AH-bleh een-GLEHS?)

Yordam bering!

¡Ayuda! (ah-YOO-dah!) / ¡Socorro! (soh-KOHR-roh!)

Xayrli tong

Buenos días (BWEH-nohs DEE-ahs)

Xayrli kun / Xayrli kech

Buenas tardlari (BWEH-nahs TAR-dehs)

Xayrli kech / Xayrli tun

Buenas noches (BWEH-nahs NOH-chehs)

Missis / Madam / Maam

Senora. (seh-NYOH-rah)

Janob / janob

Senor. (seh-NYOHR)

Miss

Senorita. (seh-nyoh-REE-tah) (ba'zi bir liberal doiralarda sexist deb hisoblanishi mumkin)

Tushundim.

Entiendo. (ehn-TYEHN-doh)

Tushunmayapman

Entiendo yo'q (NOH ehn-TYEHN-doh)

Iltimos, sekinroq gapira olasizmi?

¿Podría foydalangan hablar más despacio por favor? (poh-DREE-ah oos-TEHD ah-BLAHR MAHS dehs-PAH-syoh pohr fah-BOHR?)

Iltimos, yana bir marta qaytaring?

¿Podría takroriy por foydaladi? (poh-DREE-ah oos-TEHD reh-peh-TEER-loh pohr fah-BOHR?)

Ispancha / ingliz tilida qanday qilib _____ deysiz?

¿Cómo se dice _____ en español / en inglés? (CO-mo se DEE-seh _____ uz ehs-pah-NYOHL / en een-GLEHS?

Xojathona qayerda?

¿Dónde está el baño? (DOHN-deh ehss-TAH EHL BAH-nyoh?) / Ispaniyada: ¿Dónde están los aseos? (DOHN-deh ehs-TAHN lohs ah-SEH-ohs)

Muammolar

Meni tinch qo'y.

Déjame en paz. (DEH-hah-meh ehn PAHS)

Menga tegmang!

Menga tok yo'q! (noh me TOH-kehs!)

Men politsiyaga telefon qilaman.

Llamaré a la Policeía. (yah-mah-REH ah lah poh-lee-SEE-ah)

Politsiya!

¡Politsiya! (po-lee-SEE-ah!)

To'xta! O'g'ri!

Alto, ladron! (AHL-toh, lah-DROHN!)

Menga yordam kerak.

Necesito ayuda. (neh-seh-SEE-toh ah-YOO-dah)

Bu favqulodda.

Es una Emergencyencia. (ehs OO-nah eh-mehr-HEHN-syah)

Yo'qolib Qoldim.

Estoy perdido / a (ehs-TOY pehr-DEE-doh / dah)

Men sumkamni / qo'l sumkamni yo'qotib qo'ydim.

Perdí mi bolsa / bolso / cartera. (pehr-DEE mee BOHL-sah / BOHL-soh / kahr-TEH-rah)

Men hamyonimni yo'qotib qo'ydim.

Perdí la cartera / billetera. (pehr-DEE lah kahr-TEH-rah / bee-yeh-TEH-rah)

Men kasalman.

Estoy enfermo / a. (ehs-TOY ehn-FEHR-moh / mah)

Men jarohat oldim.

Estoy herido / a. (ehs-TOY heh-REE-doh / dah)

Menga shifokor kerak.

Necesito un médico. (neh-seh-SEE-toh OON MEH-dee-coh)

Telefoningizdan foydalansam bo'ladimi?

¿Puedo usar su teléfono? (PWEH-doh oo-SAHR so teh-LEH-foh-noh?)

Uyali telefoningizni / uyali telefoningizni qarzga olsam bo'ladimi?

¿Men presta su celular / móvil? (meh PREHS-tah soo seh-loo-LAHR / MOH-beel?) (Amerikada "uyali" ustunlik qiladi; Ispaniya va Afrikada "móvil")

Men elchixonaga telefon qilishim kerak.

Necesito llamar a la embajada (neh-seh-SEE-toh yah-MAHR ah lah em-bah-HAH-dah)

Raqamlar

Umuman olganda, Ispaniyaning raqamlash tizimi juda sodda. 21-29 gacha bo'lgan raqamlar uchun "vete" ning so'nggi "e" "i" bilan almashtiriladi va orqaga ikkinchi raqam qo'shiladi. 31-99 gacha bo'lgan raqamlar uchun o'nliklar va birliklar "y" bilan ajralib turadi (masalan, 31: treinta y uno; 99: noventa y nueve). "Y" yuzlikni o'nlikdan, minglab odamni yuzdan ajratish uchun ishlatilmaydi. 101 dan 199 gacha bo'lgan raqamlar yordamida nomlanadi cientoasosiy raqam. 200 dan boshlab, yuzlari asosiy raqamcientos (masalan: 200: doscientos), lekin 500, 700 va 900 raqamlari ushbu qoidadan istisno bo'lib, ularni yodlash kerak. Minglarning nomlanishi to'g'ridan-to'g'ri, bilan asosiy raqammil. Milliondan boshlab, ko'pligi 1 000 000 dan yuqori raqamlar uchun ishlatiladi. Bundan tashqari, ingliz tilidan farqli o'laroq, ispancha uzoq shkaladan foydalanadi. Shuning uchun, un billón va un trillón inglizcha "bir milliard" va "bir trillion" bilan bir xil emas.

"Yuzlab" deb hisoblash 1 000 dan katta raqamlar uchun eshitilmaydi. Bu yillar davomida ham amal qiladi. Ispaniyalik ma'ruzachi "o'n to'qqiz yuz ellik uch" o'rniga "mil novecientos cincuenta y tres" der edi.

Shuni yodda tutingki, ingliz tiliga qarama-qarshi "," raqamlari ispan tilida yozishda o'nlik nuqta sifatida ishlatiladi, "". minglab guruhlarni ajratish uchun ishlatiladi. Bu shuni anglatadiki, ingliz tilida 1,000,000.5 yozilgan raqam ispan tilida 1.000.000,5 yoziladi.

0

sero (SEH-roh)

1

uno (OO-yo'q)

2

dos (Doxlar)

3

tres (trehs)

4

cuatro (KWAH-troh)

5

cinco (KO'RING)

6

seys (SEH-ees)

7

siete (qarang-EH-teh)

8

ocho (OH-choh)

9

nuve (no-EH-beh)

10

diez (dee-EHS)

11

bir marta (OHN-seh)

12

doce (DOH-seh)

13

trece (TREH-seh)

14

kator (qah-TOHR-seh)

15

behi (KIN-seh)

16

dieciséis (dee-EH-see-SEH-ees)

17

diecisiete (de-EH-ko'r-ko'r-EH-teh)

18

dieciocho (dee-EH-qarang-OH-choh)

19

diecinueve (dee-EH-see-NOO-EH-beh)

20

tomir (VAIN-teh)

21

veintiuno (VAIN-tee-OO-noh)

22

veintidoslar (VAIN-tee-DOHS)

23

veintitrlar (VAIN-tee-TREHS)

30

treinta (TREN-tah)

31

treinta y uno

32

treinta y dos

40

cuarenta (kvah-REHN-tah)

50

kinuenta (ko'rilgan-KWEHN-tah)

60

sesenta (seh-SEHN-tah)

70

setenta (seh-TEHN-tah)

80

ochenta (oh-CHEHN-tah)

90

noventa (no-BEHN-tah)

100

sien (qarang-EHN)

101

ciento uno

102

ciento dos

200

doscientos (dohs-see-EHN-tohs)

201

doscientos uno

202

doscientos dos

300

trescientos (trehs-see-EHN-tohs)

500

quinientos (ke-nee-EHN-tohs)

700

setecientos

900

novecientos

1,000

mil (MEEL)

1,001

mil uno

1,002

mil dos

2,000

dos mil (dohs MEEL)

3,000

tres mil

1,000,000

un millón (oon mee-YOHN)

2,000,000

dos millones

1,000,000,000

mil millon (meel mee-YOH-nehs)

1,000,000,000,000

un billón (ari-YOHN)

raqam _____ (poezd, avtobus va boshqalar.)

número _____ (NOO-meh-roh)

yarmi

o'rtacha (MEH-dyoh)

Ozroq

menyular (MEH-noxlar)

Ko'proq

más (MAHS)

Vaqt

hozir

ahora (ah-OH-rah)

keyinroq

umidsizliklar (dehs-PWEHS)

oldin

antlar (AHN-tehs)

ertalab

manana (mah-NYAH-nah)

peshindan keyin

tarde (TAHR-deh)

kecha

noche (NOH-cheh)

Soat vaqti

soat birda

la una de la madrugada; la una de la mañana (lah OOH-nah deh lah mah-droo-GAH-dah; lah OOH-nah deh lah mah-NYAH-nah)

soat ikkida

las dos de la madrugada; las dos de la mañana (lahs DOHS deh lah mah-droo-GAH-dah; lahss DOHS deh lah mah-NYAH-nah)

soat o'n

las diez de la mañana (lahs dee-EHS deh lah mah-NYAH-nah)

peshin

mediodiya; las doce de la mañana (meh-dee-oh-DEE-ah; lahs DOH-seh deh lah mah-NYAH-nah)

soat birda

la una de la tarde (lah OOH-nah deh lah TAHR-deh)

soat ikkida

las dos de la tarde (lahs DOHS deh lah TAHR-deh)

soat o'n

las diez de la noche (lahs dee-EHS deh lah NOH-cheh)

yarim tunda

medianok; las doce de la noche (meh-dee-yah-NOH-cheh; lahs DOH-seh deh lah NOH-cheh)

Yozish vaqti

So'zlashayotganda vaqt AM / PM shaklida beriladi (lekin aytganda) de la mañana (ertalab), de la tarde (tushdan keyin), de la noche (kechqurun / tunda) yoki de la madrugada (kech tunda) AM va PM o'rtasidagi farqni aniqlash uchun. Ispan tilida so'zlashuvchilar kamdan-kam suhbatlarda 24 soatlik tizimdan foydalanadilar. Boshqa tomondan, aksariyat mamlakatlarda vaqtlar 24 soatlik formatda (Buyuk Britaniyada bo'lgani kabi) berilgan bo'lib, yo'g'on ichakni soat va daqiqalarni ajratib turadi:

9 soat

nueve de la mañana (aytilgan: NWEH-beh deh la mah-NYAH-nah), 9:00 (yozma)

12 & 30 PM

doce y media de la mañana (aytilgan: DOH-seh ee MEH-dee-ah deh la mah-NYAH-nah), 12:30 (yozma)

Soat 1 da

una de la tarde (aytilgan: OOH-nah deh lah TAHR-deh), 13:00 (yozma)

Soat 10 da

diez de la noche (aytilgan: dee-EHS deh la NOH-cheh), 22:00 (yozma)

Soat 2 da

dos de la madrugada yoki dos de la mañana (aytilgan: DOHS deh la mah-droo-GAH-dah yoki DOHS deh la mah-NYAH-nah), 2:00 (yozma)

Muddati

_____ daqiqa (lar)

_____ minuto (lar) (me-NOO-toh (lar))

_____ soat (lar)

_____ hora (lar) (OH-rah (lar))

_____ kun (lar)

_____ día (lar) (DEE-ah (lar))

_____ hafta (lar)

_____ semana (lar) (seh-MAH-nah (lar))

_____ oy (lar)

_____ mes (lar) (MEHS- (eh))

_____ yil (lar)

_____ año (lar) (AH-nyoh (lar))

Fasllar

qish

invierno (een-BYEHR-noh)

bahor

primavera (pree-mah-BEH-rah)

yoz

verano (beh-RAH-noh)

kuz

otoño (oh-TOH-nyoh)

Kunlar

Bugun

hoy (oy)

kecha

ayer (ah-YEHR)

ertaga

manana (mah-NYAH-nah)

bu hafta

esta semana (EHS-tah seh-MAH-nah)

o'tgan hafta

la semana pasada (lah seh-MAH-nah pah-SAH-dah)

Keyingi hafta

la semana que viene (lah seh-MAH-nah keh BYEH-neh)

Eslatma: Haftaning kunlari katta harflar bilan yozilmaydi.

yakshanba

domingo (doh-MEEN-goh)

Dushanba

lunes (NIMA)

Seshanba

martlar (MAHR-tehs)

Chorshanba

mierkolar (MYEHR-koh-lexlar)

Payshanba

jueves (HWEH-vehs)

Juma

viernes (VYEHR-nehs)

Shanba

sábado (SAH-bah-doh)

Oylar

Eslatma: Ispan tilidagi barcha oylar kichik harflar bilan yozilgan.

Yanvar

enero (e-NEH-roh)

fevral

febrero (feh-BREH-roh)

Mart

marzo (MAR-soh)

Aprel

abril (ah-BREEL)

May

mayo (MAH-yoh)

Iyun

junio (HOO-nyoh)

Iyul

xulio (HOO-lyoh)

Avgust

agosto (ah-GOHS-toh)

Sentyabr

septiembre (sehp-TYEHM-breh)

Oktyabr

oktubre (oh-TOO-breh)

Noyabr

noviembre (no-VYEHM-breh)

Dekabr

diciembre (de-SYEHM-breh)

Yozish vaqti va sanasi

24 soatlik soat odatda ishlatiladi. Shunday qilib, siz poezdlar va boshqa jamoat jadvallarini 24 soatlik soat shaklida topasiz. 13:00 am / pm. Ispan tilida vaqtni aytganda, u bilan ifodalanadi Es la ("bu") faqat soat 1:00 uchun. Va O'g'il Las ("ular") soat 2:00, 3:00, 4:00 va boshqalar.

Sanalar kun-oy-yil shaklida beriladi. Barcha og'zaki va yozma, uzun va qisqa shakllar quyidagicha amal qiladi:

2003 yil 7-may

2003 yil 7-may

23 oktyabr 1997 yil

23 oktyabr 1997 yil

Yillarning ingliz tilidan farqli o'laroq, har doim oddiy raqamlar (ya'ni minglab emas, yuzlab) deb talaffuz qilinadi, shuning uchun bu "mil novecientos noventa y dos" ("ming to'qqiz yuz to'qson ikki") "diecinuevecientos noventa y dos" (" ingliz konventsiyasidan so'zma-so'z tarjima qilish kabi o'n to'qqiz yuz to'qson ikki "). Raqamlar 1000 ga etganida, umuman yuzlab hisoblashda foydalanilmaydi.

Bir kunlik oylik qurilishlar (4-xulio, masalan) odatda qisqartirilmaydi. Qisqartma ishlatilgan kamdan-kam hollarda oyning raqamidan foydalanilmaydi, lekin uning boshlang'ich harfi. Odatiy misollar:

23-F

23 de febrero, Ispaniyada amalga oshirilmagan davlat to'ntarishi sana (1981)

11-S

11-sentyabr, egizak minoralarga hujum qilingan sana (2001) (va 1973 yildagi Chili to'ntarishi).

Ranglar

qora

negro (NEH-groh)

oq

blanco (BLAHN-koh)

kulrang

gris (Yashillar)

qizil

rojo (ROH-hoh)

ko'k

azul (ah-SOOL)

sariq

amarillo (ah-mah-REE-yoh)

yashil

verde (BEHR-deh)

apelsin

naranja (nah-RAHN-hah), anaranjado (ah-nah-rahn-HA-doh)

siyohrang

portura (Kambag'al-pou-rah), morado (moh-RAH-doh), violeta (vee-oh-LEH-tah)

pushti

rosa (ROH-sah)

jigarrang

marrón (mahr-ROHN) (narsalarning rangini tavsiflash uchun ishlatiladi), kafe (qah-FEH) (asosan teri rangi, kiyim va mato uchun ishlatiladi), kasta (qahs-TAH-nyoh) (asosan terining rangi, ko'z rangi va soch rangi uchun ishlatiladi).

Transport

Avtobusda yoki poezdda bo'lgani kabi "olish" fe'lidir koger Ispaniyada va tomar Lotin Amerikasida. Birinchisi Lotin Amerikasida bu erda ishlatilmaydi, bu erda u vulgar jinsiy atamadir.

mashina

karro (KAHR-roh) (Lotin Amerikasida), kokhe (Koh-cheh) (Ispaniyada), avtomatik (OW-toh) (Ispaniyada, karro arava, vagon yoki aravani nazarda tutadi)

taksi

taksi (TAHK - qarang)

avtobus

avtobuslar (ow-toh-BOOS), guagua (GWAH-gwah) (mintaqaviy, faqat Karib havzasi)

furgon

furgoneta (foor-goh-NEH-tah), kombi (KOHM-ari)

yuk mashinalari / yuk mashinalari

kamyon (qah-MYOHN)

samolyot / aviakompaniya

avion (ah-BYON), aeroplano (ah-eh-roh-PLAH-noh)

vertolyot

helikoptero (e-lee-KOHP-te-roh)

poezd

temir yo'l (trehn)

metro / metro / metro

metro (MEH-troh)

tramvay / tramvay

tranviya (trahn-BEE-ah)

engil temir yo'l

tren ligero (yoki faqat mavjud tizimga taalluqli mahalliy ishlatiladigan atama)

trolleybus

trole (TROH-leh), trolebús (troh-leh-BOOS)

qayiq

bot (BOH-teh)

kema

barco (BAHR-koh)

parom

transbordador (trahns-bohr-dah-DOHR), "barco" yoki "feribot" ham ishlatiladi, ayniqsa Lotin Amerikasida

velosiped

bikicleta (ari-qarang-KLEH-tah), bici (qisqa shakl, biroz norasmiy)

mototsikl

motosikleta (moh-toh-see-KLEH-tah), moto (qisqa shakl, biroz norasmiy)

Avtobus va poezd

_____ chiptasi qancha?

¿Cuánto cuesta un billete (Ispaniya) / pasaje (Janubiy Amerika) / boleto (Meksika va Markaziy Amerika) a _____? (KWAHN-toh KWEHS-tah oon bee-YEH-teh / pah-SAH-heh / boe-LEH-toh ___)

_____ ga bitta chipta, iltimos.

Biror bir _____ belgidan iborat. (oon bee-YEH-teh ah _______, pohr fah-BOHR.)

... bir tomonga chipta ...

... billete de ida ... (ari-YEH-te deh EED-ah)

... qaytish chiptasi ...

... billete de ida y vuelta ... (ari-YEH-te deh EED-ah ee VWEL-tah)

Ushbu poezd / avtobus qayerga boradi?

¿Adónde va este tren / autobús? (ah DOHN-deh bah EHS-teh trehn / ow-toh-BOOS?)

_____ gacha bo'lgan poezd / avtobus qayerda?

¿Dónde está el tren / autobús hacia _____? (DOHN-deh ehs-TAH ehl trehn / ow-toh-BOOS ah-syah _____?)

Ushbu poezd / avtobus _____ yilda to'xtaydimi?

¿Se para este tren / autobús uz _____? (seh PAH-rah EHS-teh trehn / ow-toh-BOOS ehn___?)

_____ uchun poezd / avtobus qachon jo'nab ketadi?

¿Cuándo sotish el tren / autobús para _____? (KWAHN-doh SAH-leh ehl trehn / ow-toh-BOOS PAH-rah ____?)

Ushbu poezd / avtobus qachon _____ ga etib keladi?

¿Cuándo llegará este tren / autobús a _____? (KWAHN-doh yeh-gah-RAH EHS-teh trehn / ow-toh-BOOS ah____?)

_____ ni qanday olishim mumkin?

Ó Cómo puedo llegar _____? (KOH-moh PWEH-doh yeh-GAHR ____?)

... temir yo'l stantsiyasiga?

... a la estación de tren? (.... ah lah ehs-tah-SYOHN deh trehn?)

... avtovokzalga?

... la estación de avtobuslarmi? (.... ah lah ehs-tah-SYOHN deh ow-toh-BOO-sehs?)

... aeroportga?

... al aeropuerto? (ahl ah-eh-roh-PWEHR-toh?)

... shahar markazida?

... al centro? (ahl SEHN-troh?)

... yoshlar yotoqxonasiga?

... al xostalmi? (ahl oh-TAHL), Argentina va Urugvay: ... al hostel (ahl HOHS-tehl)

... _____ mehmonxonaga?

... mehmonxona _____? (ah-oh-TEHL?)

... Amerika / Kanada / Avstraliya / Britaniya konsulligiga?

... al konsulado de Estados Unidos / canadiense / australiano / británico? (ahl kohn-soo-LAH-doh deh ehs-TAH-dohs oo-NEE-dohs/ kah-nah-DYEHN-seh/ ows-trah-LYAH-noh/ bree-TAH-nee-koh)

Qaerda juda ko'p ...

¿Dónde hay muchos... (DOHN-deh eye MOO-chohs)

... mehmonxonalarmi?

...hoteles? (oh-TEH-lehs)

... restoranlarmi?

...restaurantes? (rehs-tow-RAHN-tehs)

... bar?

...bares? (BAH-rehs)

... ko'rish uchun saytlarmi?

...sitios para visitar? (SEE-tyohs PAH-rah bee-see-TAHR)

Xaritada ko'rsatib berasizmi?

¿Puede enseñarme/mostrarme en el mapa? (PWEH-deh ehn-seh-NYAHR-meh/mohs-TRAHR-meh ehn ehl MAH-pah?)

ko'cha

calle (KAH-yeh)

Chapga buriling.

Gire/doble/da vuelta a la izquierda. (HEE-reh/DOH-bleh/dah VWEHL-tah ah lah ees-KYEHR-dah)

O'ng tomonga buriling.

Gire/doble/da vuelta a la derecha. (HEE-reh/DOH-bleh/dah VWEHL-tah ah lah deh-REH-chah)

chap

izquierda (ees-KYEHR-dah)

to'g'ri

derecha (deh-REH-chah)

to'g'ri yo'nalishda

todo recto (TOH-doh REHK-toh) , siga derecho (SEE-gah deh-REH-choh)

_____ tomon

hacia el/la_____ (HAH-syah ehl/lah)

_____ dan o'tgan

pasado el/la _____ (pah-SAH-doh ehl/lah)

_____ dan oldin

antes de _____ (AHN-tehs deh)

_____ ni tomosha qiling.

busque el/la _____. (BOOS-keh ehl/lah)

junction/crossroads/intersection

intersección , cruce (een-tehr-sehk-SYOHN, KROO-seh)

shimoliy

norte (NOHR-teh)

south

sur (soor)

sharq

este (EHS-teh)

g'arb

oeste (ooh-EHS-teh)

tepalik

hacia arriba (AH-syah ahr-REE-bah)

pastga

hacia abajo (AH-syah ah-BAH-hoh)

Taxi

Taksi!

¡Taxi! (TAHK - qarang)

Iltimos, meni _____ ga olib boring.

Lléveme a _____, por favor. (YEH-beh-meh ah)

_____ ga borish uchun qancha pul ketadi?

¿Cuanto cuesta ir hasta/a _____? (KWAHN-toh KWEHS-tah eer AHS-tah/ah)

Leave me there, please.

Déjeme ahí, por favor. (DEH-heh-meh ah-EE, pohr FAH-bohr)

Aeroportda

Where is customs?

¿Dónde está aduanas? (DOHN-theh ehs-TAH ah-DWAH-nahs)

Where is passport control?

¿Dónde está el control de pasaportes? (DOHN-theh ehs-TAH ehl kohn-TROHL deh pah-sah-POHR-tehs)

Do you have anything to declare?

¿Tiene algo para declarar? (TYEH-neh AHL-goh PAH-rah deh-klah-RAHR)

I have nothing to declare.

No tengo nada para declarar. (NOH TEHN-goh NAH-dah PAH-rah deh-klah-RAHR)

I have something to declare.

Tengo algo para declarar. (TEHN-goh AHL-goh PAH-rah deh-klah-RAHR)

Where is the baggage claim area?

¿Dónde está el área para el reclamo de equipaje? (DOHN-theh ehs-TAH ehl AH-reh-ah PAH-rah ehl reh-KLAH-moh deh eh-kee-PAH-kheh)

Where are the international departures?

¿Dónde están las salidas internacionales? (DOHN-theh ehs-TAHN lahs sah-LEE-dahs een-tehr-nah-syoh-NAH-lehs)

Where are the arrivals?

¿Dónde están las llegadas? (DOHN-theh ehs-TAHN lahs yeh-GAH-dahs)

Where is gate____?

¿Dónde está la puerta____? (DOHN-deh ehs-TAH lah PWEHR-tah....)

Where is the information center?

¿Dónde está el centro de información? (DOHN-deh ehs-TAH ehl SEHN-troh deh een-fohr-mah-SYOHN)

Yashash

Sizda mavjud xonalar bormi?

¿Hay habitaciones libres? (ai ah-bee-tah-SYOH-nehs LI-brehs?)

How much does a room cost for one person/two people?

¿Cuanto cuesta una habitación para una persona/para dos personas? (KWAHN-toh KWEHS-tah OO-nah ah-bee-tah-SYOHN PAH-rah OO-nah pehr-SOH-nah/PAH-rah dohs pehr-SOH-nahs?)

Does the room come with...?

¿La habitación viene con....? (lah ah-bee-tah-SYOHN BYEH-neh kohn?)

...choyshab?

...sábanas? (SAH-bah-nahs?)

... hammommi?

...un baño? (oon BAH-nyoh?)

... telefonmi?

...un teléfono? (oon teh-LEH-foh-noh?)

... televizormi?

...un televisor? (oon teh-leh-vee-SOHR?)

...with Internet access?

...con acceso al internet? (kohn ahk-SEH-soh ahl een-terh-NEHT?)

...with room service?

...con servicio a la habitación? (kohn sehr-BEE-syoh ah lah ah-bee-tah-SYOHN?)

...a double bed?

...una cama de matrimonio? (OO-nah KAH-mah mah-tree-MOH-nyoh?) (literally "marriage bed")

...a single bed?

...una cama sola? (OO-nah KAH-mah SOH-lah?)

Avval xonani ko'rsam bo'ladimi?

¿Puedo ver la habitación primero? (PWEH-doh vehr lah ah-bee-tah-SYOHN pree-MEH-roh?)

Sizda jimroq narsa bormi?

¿Tiene algo más tranquilo? (TYEH-neh AHL-goh MAHS trahn-KEE-loh?)

... kattaroqmi?

...más grande? (MAHS GRAHN-deh)

... tozalovchi?

...más limpio? (MAHS LEEM-pyoh)

...arzonroq?

...más barato? (MAHS bah-RAH-toh)

OK, men olaman.

Muy bien, la tomaré. (MOO-ee byehn, lah toh-mah-REH)

Men _____ kecha turaman.

Me quedaré ______ noche(s). (meh keh-dah-REH ___ NOH-cheh(s))

Can you suggest other hotels?

¿Puede recomendarme otros hoteles? (PWEH-deh reh-koh-mehn-DAHR-meh OH-trohs oh-TEH-lehs?)

Sizda seyf bormi?

¿Hay caja fuerte? (eye KAH-hah FWEHR-teh?)

... shkaflarmi?

...taquillas?/casilleros?/guardaropas?(tah-KEE-yahs/kah-see-YEH-rohs?/gwah-rdah-ROH-pahs)

Nonushta / kechki ovqatmi?

¿El desayuno/la cena va incluido/a? (ehl deh-sah-YOO-noh/lah SEH-nah bah een-kloo-WEE-doh/ah?)

Nonushta / kechki ovqat necha soat?

¿A qué hora es el desayuno/la cena? (ah KEH OH-rah ehs ehl deh-sah-YOO-noh/lah SEH-nah?)

Iltimos, mening xonamni tozalang.

Por favor, limpie mi habitación. (pohr fah-BOHR, LEEM-pyeh mee ah-bee-tah-SYOHN)

Meni _____ da uyg'otishingiz mumkinmi?

¿Puede despertarme a las _____? (PWEH-deh dehs-pehr-TAHR-meh ah lahs)

Men tekshirmoqchiman.

Quiero dejar el hotel. (KYEH-roh deh-HAHR ehl oh-TEHL)

Pul

Amerika / Avstraliya / Kanada dollarlarini qabul qilasizmi?

¿Aceptan dólares estadounidenses/australianos/canadienses? (ah-SEHP-tahn DOH-lah-rehs ehs-tah-dow-oo-nee-DEHN-sehs/ows-trah-LYAH-nohs/kah-nah-DYEHN-sehs?)

Siz ingliz funtini qabul qilasizmi?

¿Aceptan libras esterlinas británicas? (ah-SEHP-tahn LEE-brahs ehs-tehr-LEE-nahs bree-TAH-nee-kahs?)

Siz evroni qabul qilasizmi?

¿Aceptan euros? (ah-SEHP-tahn eh-OO-rohs?)

Siz kredit kartalar qabul qilasizmi?

¿Aceptan tarjeta de crédito? (ah-SEHP-tahn tahr-HEH-tah deh KREH-dee-toh?)

Men uchun pulni o'zgartira olasizmi?

¿Me puede cambiar dinero? (meh PWEH-deh kahm-BYAHR dee-NEH-roh?)

O'zgartirilgan pulni qaerdan olsam bo'ladi?

¿Dónde puedo cambiar dinero? (DOHN-deh PWEH-doh kahm-BYAHR dee-NEH-roh?)

Men uchun sayohat chekini o'zgartira olasizmi?

¿Me puede cambiar cheques de viaje? (meh PWEH-deh kahm-BYAHR CHEH-kehs deh BYAH-heh?)

Sayohat chekini qayerdan almashtirishim mumkin?

¿Dónde me pueden cambiar cheques de viaje? (DOHN-deh meh PWEH-dehn kahm-BYAHR CHEH-kehs deh BYAH-heh?)

Valyuta kursi qanday?

¿A cuánto está el cambio? (ah KWAHN-toh ehs-TAH ehl KAHM-byoh?)

Bankomat (ATM) qayerda?

¿Dónde hay un cajero automático? (DOHN-deh eye oon kah-HEH-roh ow-toh-MAH-tee-koh?)

I need small change.

Necesito cambio pequeño. (neh-seh-SEE-toh KAHM-byoh peh-KEH-nyoh)

I need big bills.

Necesito billetes grandes. (neh-seh-SEE-toh bee-YEH-tehs GRAHN-dehs)

I need coins

Necesito monedas. (neh-seh-SEE-toh moh-NEH-dahs)

Ovqatlanish

plate

plato (PLAH-toh)

bowl

tazón/cuenco (tah-SOHN/KWEHN-koh)

spoon

cuchara (koo-CHAH-rah)

fork

tenedor (teh-neh-DOHR)

drinking glass

vaso/copa (BAH-soh/KOH-pah)

pichoq

cuchillo (koo-CHEE-yoh)

cup/mug

taza (TAH-sah)

saucer

platillo (plah-TEE-yoh)

napkin/serviette

servilleta (sehr-bee-YEH-tah)

Iltimos, bitta kishiga / ikki kishiga mo'ljallangan stol.

Una mesa para una persona/dos personas, por favor. (OO-nah MEH-sah pah-rah OO-nah pehr-SOH-nah / dohs pehr-SOH-nahs pohr fah-BOHR)

Iltimos, menyuga qarasam bo'ladimi?

Latin America: ¿Puedo ver el menú, por favor? (PWEH-doh behr ehl meh-NOO pohr fah-BOHR?); Spain: ¿Puedo mirar la carta, por favor? (PWEH-doh mee-RAHR lah KAHR-tah, pohr fah-BOHR)

Men oshxonaga qarashim mumkinmi?

¿Puedo entrar a la cocina? (PWEH-doh ehn-TRAHR ah lah koh-SEE-nah?)

Uy ixtisosligi bormi?

¿Hay alguna especialidad de la casa? (ay ahl-GOO-nah ehs-peh-syah-lee-DAHD deh lah KAH-sah?)

Mahalliy mutaxassislik bormi?

¿Hay alguna especialidad regional/de la zona? (ay ahl-GOO-nah ehs-peh-syah-lee-DAHD reh-hyoh-NAHL/deh lah SOH-nah?)

Men vegetarianman.

Soy vegetariano/-na. (soy beh-heh-tah-RYAH-noh/-nah)

Men cho'chqa go'shtini yemayman.

No como cerdo. (noh KOH-moh SEHR-doh)

Men mol go'shtini yemayman.

No como carne de vaca. (noh KOH-moh KAHR-neh deh BAH-kah)

Men faqat kosher ovqatini iste'mol qilaman.

Sólo como comida kosher. (SOH-loh KOH-moh koh-MEE-dah koh-SHEHR) (May not be understood, since "kosher" is as Spanish as "empanada" is English.)

Iltimos, uni "lite" qila olasizmi? (kamroq yog '/ sariyog' / cho'chqa yog'i)

¿Puede poner poco aceite/poca mantequilla/poca grasa/manteca? (PWEH-deh poh-NEHR POH-koh ah-SAY-teh/POH-kah mahn-teh-KEE-yah/POH-kah GRAH-sah/mahn-TEH-kah?)

belgilangan narxdagi taom

comida precio fijo (koh-MEE-dah preh-see-oh fee-ho)

alakart

a la carta (ah lah KAHR-tah)

nonushta

desayuno (deh-sah-YOO-noh)

tushlik

comida (koh-MEE-dah) (Spain, Mexico), almuerzo (ahl-MWEHR-soh) (South America)

dinner or supper

cena (SEH-nah) (everywhere)

aperatif

bocado (boh-KAH-doh)

Men xohlardimki _____.

Quiero _____. (KYEH-roh)

Menga _____ ta idish kerak.

Quisiera un plato que lleve _____. (kee-SYEH-rah oon PLAH-toh keh YEH-beh)

tovuq

pollo. (POH-yoh)

mol go'shti

ternera (tehr-NEH-rah), vacuno (bah-KOO-noh), res (rehss), carne de vaca (KAHR-neh deh BAH-kah)

baliq

pescado (pehs-KAH-doh)

dudlangan cho'chqa go'shti

jamón (hah-MOHN)

kolbasa

salchicha (sahl-CHEE-chah), vienesa (byeh-NEH-sah), Spain: embutido (ehm-boo-TEE-doh)

pishloq

queso (KEH-soh)

tuxum

huevos (WEH-bohs)

salat

ensalada (ehn-sah-LAH-dah)

(yangi) sabzavotlar

verduras (frescas) (behr-DOO-rahs (FREHS-kahs)), Spain: vegetales (frescos) (beh-kheh-TAH-lehs (FREHS-kohs))

(yangi) mevalar

fruta (fresca) (FROO-tah (FREHS-kah))

non

pan (pahn)

tost

tostada (tohs-TAH-dah)

makaron

fideos/tallarines (fee-DEH-ohs/tah-yah-REE-nehs)

guruch

arroz (ahr-ROHS)

dukkaklilar

frijoles (free-HOH-lehs), habichuelas (ah-bee-CHWEH-lahs), Spain: fabas/judías (FAH-bahs/khoo-DEE-ahs)

Menga bir stakan _____ bering?

¿Me puede poner/traer un vaso de _____? (meh PWEH-deh poh-NEHR/trah-EHR oon BAH-soh deh?)

Bir chashka _____ bera olasizmi?

¿Me puede poner/traer una taza de _____? (meh PWEH-deh poh-NEHR/trah-EHR oo-nah TAH-sah deh?)

Bir shisha _____ ichsam bo‘ladimi?

¿Me puede poner/traer una botella de _____? (meh PWEH-deh poh-NEHR/trah-EHR oo-nah boh-TEH-yah deh?)

kofe

café (kah-FEH)

choy (ichish)

té (TEH)

sharbat

jugo (HOO-goh) (Latin America), zumo (THOO-moh) (Spain)

suv

agua (AH-gwah); for non-carbonated water you may need to specify: agua sin gas (AH-gwah SEEN GAHS)

(qabariq) suv

agua gaseosa (AH-gwah gah-say-OH-sah), agua con gas (AH-gwah kohn GAHS), or soda (SOH-dah) (if you say agua, if you ask at the bar, it will be tap water (for free), at the table it is normally bottled); Agua mineral (AH-gwah mee-neh-RAHL) is bottled mineral water.

pivo

cerveza (sehr-VAY-sah); birra (BEER-rah) (in Argentina)

qizil / oq sharob

vino tinto/blanco (BEE-noh TEEN-toh/BLAHN-koh)

Menga _____ bering?

¿Me puede dar un poco de _____? (meh PWEH-deh dahr oon POH-koh deh?)

tuz

sal (sahl)

qora qalampir

pimienta (pee-MYEHN-tah)

sariyog '

mantequilla (mahn-teh-KEE-yah) , manteca (mahn-TEH-kah) (in Argentina)

Kechirasiz, ofitsiant / ofitsiant? (getting attention of server')

¡camarero/a! (kah-mah-REH-roh/ah) (Spain), ¡mesero/a! (meh-SEH-roh/-rah) (Latin America), ¡mozo/a! (MOH-soh/sah) (Argentina and Uruguay). In some places (e.g. Nicaragua) you may simply whistle or make a sssss ssssss sound to get the attention of a waitress/waiter

Men tugatdim.

He acabado, terminé (heh ah-kah-BAH-doh, tehr-mee-NEH) (The first phrase can refer to the finishing of a completely unrelated physiological activity)

U shirin ekan.

Estaba delicioso/muy bueno/muy rico. (Arg.) (ehs-TAH-bah deh-lee-SYOH-soh/MOO-ee BWEH-noh/MOO-ee REE-koh)

Iltimos, plitalarni tozalang.

Puede llevarse los platos. (PWEH-deh yeh-BAHR-seh lohs PLAH-tohs)

Marhamat, chekni oling.

La cuenta, por favor. (lah KWEHN-tah, pohr fah-BOHR)

You must ask for the bill. A gringo was known to have waited until 2 in the morning because he was too shy to ask :).

Barlar va klublar

bar

barra (BAHR-rah)

tavern/pub

taberna (tah-BEHR-nah)

club

club (kloob)

Could we dance here?

¿Podríamos bailar aquí? (poh-DREE-ah-mohs BAI-lahr ah-KEE?)

What time do you close?

¿A qué hora usted cierra? (ah KEH OH-rah oos-TEHD SYEHR-rah?)

Siz spirtli ichimliklar bilan xizmat qilasizmi?

¿Sirve usted el alcohol? (SEER-beh oos-TEHD ehl ahl-koh-OHL?)

Stol xizmati bormi?

¿Hay servicio a la mesa? (eye sehr-BEE-syoh ah lah MEH-sah?)

Pivo / ikkita pivo, iltimos.

Una cerveza/dos cervezas, por favor. (OO-nah sehr-BEH-sah/dohs sehr-BEH-sahs, pohr FAH-bohr)

A glass of red/white wine.

Un vaso de vino tinto/blanco. (oon BAH-soh deh BEE-noh TEEN-toh/BLAHN-koh)

A pint (of beer)

Una jarra de cerveza (normally it will be half a liter, not really a pint); In Chile or Argentina un schop might be anywhere from 300mL to one litre; in Spain the most common is una caña which is 200mL in a tube glass; you can also ask for un quinto (200mL bottle) or un tercio (330mL bottle)

A glass of draft beer

Un schop (oon SHOHP) (Chile and Argentina) / Una cerveza de barril (OO-nah sehr-BEH-sah deh bahr-REEL) (Mexico); in Spain you can ask for Cerveza negra, not very common in spanish Bares, but easy to find in Publar (Pub=small club where just drinks are served).

_____ (qattiq suyuqlik) va _____ (mikser).

_____ con _____. In Spain, Cubata is Coke with whiskey

A bottle.

Una botella. (OO-nah boh-TEH-yah)

viski

viski (WEES-kee)

aroq

aroq (BOHD-kah)

ROM

ron (rohn)

suv

agua (AH-gwah)

tonikli suv

agua tónica (AH-gwah TOH-nee-kah)

apelsin sharbati

Latin America: jugo de naranja (HOO-goh deh NAH-rahn-hah), Spain: zumo de naranja (THOO-moh theh nah-RAHN-khah)

Koks (soda)

Coca-Cola (refresco) (KOH-kah-KOH-lah (reh-FREHS-koh))

Barda yengil taomlaringiz bormi?

¿Tiene algo para picar? (TYEH-neh AHL-goh PAH-rah pee-KARH) (In Spain they will give you tapas (TAH-pahs), depends a lot on the bar.)

A toast!

¡Un Brindi! (oon BREEN-dee)

Yana bitta, iltimos.

Otro/a ______, por favor. (OH-troh/ah pohr-FAH-bohr)

Iltimos, yana bir tur.

Otra ronda, por favor. (OH-trah ROHN-dah, pohr FAH-bohr)

Salom!

¡Salud! (sah-LOOD) (literally this means "health" and may also be said after someone sneezes. Occasionally, one might say ¡Salud, pesetas, y amor! [sah-LOOD, pay-SAY-tuhz, ee uh-MOR] or "health, wealth, and love".)

Yopish vaqti qachon?

¿Cuándo cierran? (KWAHN-doh SYEHR-rahn)

Xarid qilish

Sizda bu mening o'lchamimda bormi?

¿Tiene esto de mi talla? (TYEH-neh EHS-toh deh mee TAH-yah?)

Bu qancha turadi?

¿Cuánto cuesta? (KWAHN-toh KWEHS-tah?)

Bu juda qimmat.

Es demasiado caro. (ehs deh-mah-SYAH-doh KAH-roh)

Would you take ...?

¿Tomaría ...? (toh-mah-REE-ah)

qimmat

caro (KAH-roh)

arzon

barato (bah-RAH-toh)

Men bunga qodir emasman.

Es muy caro para mí. (ehs MOO-ee KAH-roh PAH-rah mee)

Men buni xohlamayman.

No lo quiero. (noh loh KYEH-roh)

Siz meni aldayapsiz.

Me está engañando. (meh ehs-TAH ehn-gah-NYAHN-doh)

Menga qiziqarli emas.

No me interesa. (noh meh een-teh-REH-sah)

OK, men olaman.

De acuerdo, me lo llevaré. (deh ah-KWEHR-doh, meh loh yeh-bah-REH)

Menga sumka bera olasizmi?

¿Tiene una bolsa? (TYEH-neh OO-nah BOHL-sah)

Can you ship it to my country?

¿Puede enviarlo a mi país? (PWEH-dah ehn-BYAHR-loh ah mee pah-EES?)

Men muhtojman...

Necesito... (neh-seh-SEE-toh)

... batareyalar.

...pilas/baterías (PEE-lahs/bah-teh-REE-ahs)

... sovuq dori.

...medicamento para el resfriado. (meh-dee-kah-MEHN-toh PAH-rah ehl rehs-FRYAH-doh)

...condoms.

...preservativos/condones. (preh-sehr-bah-TEE-bohs/ kohn-DOH-nehs)

... ingliz tilidagi kitoblar.

...libros en inglés. (LEE-brohs ehn een-GLEHS)

... ingliz tilidagi jurnallar.

...revistas en inglés. (reh-VEES-tahs ehn een-GLEHS)

... ingliz tilidagi gazeta.

...un periódico/diario en inglés. (oon peh-RYOH-dee-koh/DYAH-ryoh ehn een-GLEHS)

...an English-Spanish dictionary.

...un diccionario inglés-español. (oon deek-syoh-NAH-ryoh een-GLEHS-ehs-pah-NYOHL)

... og'riq qoldiruvchi vosita. (masalan, aspirin yoki ibuprofen)

...analgésico (Aspirina, Ibuprofeno). (ah-nahl-HEH-see-koh (ahs-pee-REE-nah, ee-boo-proh-FEH-noh))

... qalam.

...una pluma/ un bolígrafo. (OO-nah PLOO-mah/ oon boh-LEE-grah-foh)

... pochta markalari.

...sellos (SEH-yohs)(Spain)/estampillas (ehs-tahm-PEE-yahs)(Latin América).

... otkritka.

...una postal. (OO-nah pohs-TALH)

... ustara.

...una hoja/navaja de afeitar/rasuradora (machine) (OO-nah OH-hah/nah-BAH-hah deh ah-fay-TAHR/rah-soo-rah-DOH-rah)

... shampun.

...champú. (chahm-POO)

... oshqozon dori.

.... medicamento para el dolor de estómago (meh-dee-kah-MEHN-toh PAH-rah ehl doh-LOHR deh ehs-TOH-mah-goh)

... sovun.

...jabón. (hah-BOHN)

... quyoshdan saqlaydigan loson.

...crema solar. (KREH-mah soh-LARH)

... tamponlar.

...tampones. (tahm-POH-nehs)

... tish cho'tkasi.

... un cepillo de dientes. (oon seh-PEE-yoh deh DYEHN-tehs)

...tish pastasi.

...pasta de dientes. (PAHS-tah deh DYEHN-tehs)

... soyabon.

...un paraguas/una sombrilla (oon pah-RAH-gwahs/ OO-nah sohm-BREE-yah)

... yozuv qog'ozi.

...papel para escribir. (pah-PEHL PAH-rah ehs-kree-BEER)

Driving

In Spain, most of the signs in major cities are by pictures instead of actual lettered signs so refer to a European travel guide which will contain the rules for road or city signs.

Men mashina ijaraga olmoqchiman.

Quiero alquilar un auto/coche/carro. (KYEH-roh ahl-kee-LAHR oon OW-toh/KOH-cheh/KAR-roh)

How much is it daily/weekly?

¿Cuánto es diario/semanal? (KWAHN-toh ehs DYAH-ryoh/seh-mah-NAHL?)

Do you provide road maps?

¿Ofrece mapas de carreteras? (oh-FREH-ceh MAH-pahs deh kahr-reh-TEH-rahs?)

Does that include insurance/mileage?

¿Eso incluye seguro/kilometraje? (EH-soh een-KLOO-yeh seh-GOO-roh/kee-loh-meh-TRAH-kheh?)

Sug'urtalash mumkinmi?

¿Puedo contratar un seguro?

STOP (ko'cha belgisida)

STOP (stohp) (Spain), ALTO (AHL-toh) (México), PARE (PAH-reh) (Chile, Argentina, Perú, Colombia, Puerto Rico)

Yo'l bering

Ceda el paso (SEH-dah ehl PAH-soh)

bir tomonga

dirección única (dee-rehk-SYOHN OO-nee-kah)

To'xtab turish taqiqlangan

no aparcar (noh ah-pahr-KAHR) , no estacionar (noh ehs-tah-syoh-NAHR), no aparcamiento (noh ah-pahr-kah-MYEHN-toh)

Tezlik cheklovi

límite de velocidad (LEE-mee-teh deh beh-loh-see-DAHD) , velocidad máxima (beh-loh-see-DAHD MAHK-see-mah)

gas/petrol station

gasolinera (gah-soh-lee-NEH-rah) , estación de bencina (ehs-tah-SYOHN deh behn-SEE-nah) (Chile), estación de servicio (ehs-tah-SYOHN deh sehr-BEE-syoh) (Argentina)

gas/petrol

benzin (gah-soh-LEE-nah) , bencina (behn-SEE-nah) (Chile), nafta (NAHF-tah) (Argentina)

dizel

gasóleo (gah-SOH-leh-oh) , diesel (DYEH-sehl) (Latin America), gasóil/diésel (gah-SOIL/DYEH-sehl) (Spain)

How long can I park here?

¿Cuánto tiempo puedo estacionarme aquí? (KWAHN-toh TYEHM-poh PWEH-doh ehs-tah-syoh-NAHR-meh ah-KEE?)

Does this street/road/highway lead to....?

¿Esta calle/carretera/autopista llega a....? (EHS-tah KAH-yeh/kahr-reh-TEH-rah/ow-toh-PEES-tah YEH-gah ah....?)

I need a mechanic.

Necesito un mecánico. (neh-ceh-SEE-toh oon meh-KAH-nee-koh)

Vakolat

Men hech qanday yomon ish qilmaganman.

No he hecho nada malo. (NOH eh EH-choh NAH-dah MAH-loh)

Please, there has been a mistake.

Por favor, hubo un malentendido. (pohr fah-BOHR OO-boh oon mahl-ehn-tehn-DEE-doh)

Bu tushunmovchilik edi.

Fue un malentendido. (fweh oon mahl-ehn-tehn-DEE-doh)

Meni qayerga olib borayapsiz?

¿Adónde me lleva? (ah-DOHN-deh meh YEH-bah?)

Men hibsga olinganmanmi?

¿Estoy arrestado/da? (ehs-TOY ahr-rehs-TAH-doh/dah?), ¿Estoy bajo arresto? (EHS-toy BAH-khoh ahr-REHS-toh?)

Men amerikalik / avstraliyalik / britaniyalik / kanadalikman.

Soy ciudadano(a) estadounidense/australiano(a)/inglés(esa)/canadiense. (soy syoo-dah-DAH-noh(ah) ehs-tah-doh-oo-nee-DEHN-see/ ows-trah-LYAH-noh(nah)/ een-GLEHS(ah)/ kah-nah-DYEHN-seh)

I want to talk to the American/Australian/British/Canadian consulate/embassy.

Quiero hablar con el consulado/la embajada estadounidense/australiano(a)/inglés(esa)/canadiense. (KYEH-roh ah-BLAHR kohn ehl kohn-soo-LAH-doh/lah ehm-bah-HAH-dah ehs-tah-doh-oo-nee-DEHN-seh/ ows-trah-LYAH-noh(nah)/ een-GLEHS(ah)/ kah-nah-DYEHN-seh)

Men advokat bilan gaplashmoqchiman.

Quiero hablar con un abogado. (KYEH-roh ah-BLAHR kohn oon ah-boh-GAH-doh)

Hozir shunchaki jarima to'lashim mumkinmi?

¿Puedo pagar la multa ahora? (PWEH-doh pah-GAHR lah MOOL-tah ah-OH-rah?)

I confess.

Yo confieso (yoh kohn-FYEH-soh)

Emergencies

Yordam bering!

¡Socorro!, ¡Ayuda! (soh-KOHR-roh, ah-YOO-dah)

Hushyor bo'ling!

¡Cuidado!, ¡Ojo! (kwee-DAH-doh, OH-hoh)

Yong'in!

¡Fuego! (FWEH-goh)

Yo'qol!

¡Márchese!, ¡Váyase! (MAHR-cheh-seh, BAH-yah-seh)

O'g'ri!

¡Ladrón! (lah-DROHN)

O'g'rini to'xtating!

¡Para ladrón! (PAH-rah lah-DROHN)

Politsiya!

¡Policía! (poh-lee-SEE-ah)

Politsiyani chaqiring!

¡Llame a la policía! (YAH-meh a lah poh-lee-SEE-ah)

Take cover!

¡Cúbranse! (KOO-brahn-say)

There's a shooting!

¡Hay disparos! (eye dees-PAH-rose)

Politsiya bo'limi qayerda?

¿Dónde está la comisaría? (DOHN-deh ehs-TAH lah koh-mee-sah-REE-ah?)

Iltimos, menga yordam bera olasizmi?

¿Puede usted ayudarme por favor? (PWEH-deh oos-TEHD ah-yoo-DAHR-meh pohr fah-BOHR?)

Could I use your telephone/mobile/cell phone?

¿Podría yo usar su teléfono/móbil/celular? (poh-DREE-ah yoh oo-SAHR soo teh-LEH-foh-noh/MOH-beel/seh-loo-LAHR?)

Baxtsiz hodisa yuz berdi!

¡Hubo un accidente! (OO-boh oon ahk-see-DEHN-teh)

Call...

¡Llame a ... (YAH-meh ah)

...a doctor!

...un doctor! (oon dohk-TOHR)

... tez yordam!

...una ambulancia! (OO-nah ahm-boo-LAHN-syah)

Menga tibbiy yordam kerak!

¡Necesito atención médica! (neh-seh-SEE-toh ah-tehn-SYON MEH-dee-kah)

Men kasalman.

Estoy enfermo/ma, Me siento mal. (ehs-TOY ehn-FEHR-moh/mah Meh SYEHN-toh mahl)

Yo'qolib Qoldim.

Estoy perdido/da. (ehs-TOY pehr-DEE-doh/dah)

Meni zo'rlashdi!

¡He sido violado/da! (eh SEE-doh byoh-LAH-doh/dah)