- Xuddi shu nomdagi boshqa joylar uchun qarang Armaniston (ajralish).
Armaniston (Armancha: Հայաստան Hayastan) - dengizga chiqmagan mamlakat Kavkaz. Ushbu sobiq Sovet respublikasi qadam tashlaydi Osiyo va Evropa qadimiy va boy madaniyatga ega.
Mintaqalar
| Markaziy Armaniston Armanistonning siyosiy markazida mamlakatning ko'plab muzeylari va madaniy joylari mavjud Yerevan, diniy markazi Echmiadzin, balandligi 4100 m bo'lgan vulqon Aragatlar Gegard va Xor Virap monastirlari. Ushbu mintaqaning katta qismi tekis va quruq Ararat vodiysidan iborat, ammo Xosrov qo'riqxonasining yashirin go'zalligi kamdan-kam uchraydi. |
| Sevan ko'li mintaqasi Ushbu mintaqa qadimiy yodgorliklar, cherkovlar, monastirlar va mashhur plyajlar bilan o'ralgan go'zal, balandligi 2000 metr bo'lgan Sevan ko'lida joylashgan. Dunyoda eng katta xachkar qabristoni, Sevanavank monastiri yaqinidagi plyajlar va qirg'oqlar bo'ylab son-sanoqsiz baliq va kerevit restoranlari diqqatga sazovor joylar. Shamol sörfü rekreatsion tadbirlar ro'yxatiga kiritilgan. |
| Shimoliy Armaniston Chegara Gruziya shimolda, bu tog'li mintaqa ko'plab ajoyib, chiroyli va izolyatsiya qilingan cherkovlar va monastirlarni o'z ichiga oladi. Debed daryosi kanyonida bularning aksariyati bor va uzoq Shamshod viloyati deyarli ko'zga tashlanmagan va go'zal Armanistonning ko'zlari. |
| Janubiy Armaniston Armanistonning g'arbiy g'orlari va uzoqroq, chiroyli xristian yodgorliklari bilan janubga Eron chegarasiga cho'zilgan go'zal qismi. Tatev monastiri, Noravank monastiri, Mozrov g'ori, Selim karvonsaroyi va Ugthasar tog 'ustidagi minglab petrogliflar. |
| Tog'li Qorabog ' A amalda tarkibiga kirgan mustaqil respublika Ozarbayjon Qorabog 'urushidan oldin. Armanistonning etnik aholisi Armaniston bilan yaqin aloqada bo'lib, mintaqaga faqat Armaniston orqali kirish mumkin. Yashil tepaliklar, baland tog'lar, piyoda yo'llar va ajoyib monastirlardan tashqari, sayyohlar keng xaroba shaharni o'ziga tortadilar Agdamva qisman populyatsiya qilingan shahar Shushi - urush paytida ham, undan keyin ham vayron bo'lgan. Uning poytaxti, Stepanakert, mintaqaning 150,000 aholisidan taxminan 50,000 yashaydi. |
Tog'li Qorabog ' Armanistondan alohida va Ozarbayjon chunki bu aks ettiradi amalda vaziyat. Bu mojaroning biron bir tomonini tasdiqlash emas. |
Shaharlar
- 1 Yerevan - poytaxt va eng katta shahar
- 2 Alaverdi - uy
YuNESKOning Jahon merosi ro'yxati Sanahin monastiri va unga yaqin bo'lgan Xagpat monastiri, ajoyib Debed kanyonida - 3 Dilican - Armanistonning "Kichik Shveytsariyasi" nomi bilan mashhur bo'lgan mashhur o'rmon kurorti.
- 4 Echmiadzin - Armaniston katolikoslari joylashgan Armanistonning ma'naviy poytaxti a YuNESKOning Jahon merosi ro'yxati
- 5 Goris - qadimgi g'or shaharlari, tashlandiq qoyalar qishloqlari va mashhur Tatev monastiri yaqinidagi chiroyli shahar
- 6 Gyumri - Armanistonning bir paytlar Yerevanni mittigina qilgan ikkinchi yirik shahri. Kichkina eski shaharcha hali ham 1988 yildagi zilziladan zarar ko'rmoqda, ammo tezda qayta tiklanmoqda.
- 7 Jermuk - juda yuqori haroratda chiqadigan va kurortlarda bahramand bo'ladigan mineral suvlari bilan mashhur. Tosh liftlari qurilishi davom etmoqda.
- 8 Tsagkadzor - Armanistonning tog 'chang'i manzili.
- 9 Vanadzor - Armanistonning 3-yirik shahri
Tushuning
 | |
| Poytaxt | Yerevan |
| Valyuta | Arman dramasi (AMD) |
| Aholisi | 2,9 million (2017) |
| Elektr | 220 volt / 50 gerts (Europlug, Schuko) |
| Mamlakat kodi | 374 |
| Vaqt zonasi | UTC 04:00, Armaniston vaqti |
| Favqulodda vaziyatlar | 112, 101 (o't o'chirish bo'limi), 102 (politsiya), 103 (shoshilinch tibbiy yordam xizmatlari) |
| Haydash tomoni | to'g'ri |
| Wikidata-da tahrirlash | |
Tarix
Armaniston kamida 3000 yildan beri mavjud. Armanlar tarixiy ravishda Sharqiy Anadolu va Janubiy Kavkaz bo'ylab tog'lar va vodiylarning ulkan qismi bo'lgan "Arman tog'lari" da yashagan. Bu erda Araratning Injil tog'lari (va bugungi kunda shu nomdagi konyak brendini) topish mumkin. Armaniston 301 yilda dunyodagi birinchi nasroniy davlatiga aylandi.
Tarix davomida turli xil vassal davlatlar, knyazliklar, qirolliklar va imperiyalar ko'tarilib, qulab tushishdi. Ular bir marta, Masih davridan oldin, Kaspiydan O'rta dengizgacha cho'zilgan Buyuk Tigran imperiyasida birlashtirilgan edi.
Mintaqa tarixining katta qismi o'sha paytdan buyon qaysi buyuk davlat hukmronligi ostida o'tgan a la rejim o'sha paytda: rimliklar, vizantiyaliklar, usmonlilar, forslar, ruslar va sovetlarning barchasi kelib ketgan. Ushbu imperiyalar ko'pincha o'zlarining urushlarini Armaniston hududida, arman askarlaridan foydalangan holda olib borishgan. Kamdan-kam siyosiy jihatdan mustaqil bo'lishiga qaramay, armanlar o'z tillarini va cherkovlarini doimiy ravishda saqlab kelmoqdalar. Uning ipak yo'lda joylashganligi Armanistonga Sharqiy Osiyodan Venetsiyaga qadar bo'lgan yirik savdo jamoalari tarmog'ida aloqa o'rnatishga imkon berdi.
Zamonaviy tarix
Armanistonning zamonaviy tarixida ruslar va usmonlilar hukmronlik qildilar. Usmonli nazorati erta, XV asrda Vizantiya imperiyasi qulagandan so'ng o'rnatildi. Rossiyaning mavjudligi keyinchalik, 1820-yillarda, forslar bilan bir qator urushlardan so'ng tashkil etilgan.
Usmoniylarning islomiy hukmronligi, aksariyat hollarda, asosan benign bo'lgan. Armanlarning diniy muxtoriyati ularni yuqori soliqqa tortish yo'li bilan sotib olingan. Biroq, aloqalar o'n to'qqizinchi asrning oxirida yomonlashdi, bu esa armanilarning turli qirg'inlarini ko'rdi. Bu Usmonlilar obro'si davomida puxta buzilganligi bilan yakunlandi Arman genotsidi 1915-1923 yillar.
Hozirgi kunda Armaniston, ayniqsa, Turkiyaga nisbatan zaifligi va mojarosi tufayli Rossiyadan kuchli qo'llab-quvvatlanmoqda. Gruziya Sarkashvilidan beri yoki undan oldin ham Evropaning g'arbiy tarafdori bo'lgan bo'lsa-da, Armaniston Rossiyaga qaramligidan mahrum bo'lib qolmoqda. Bu Armaniston infratuzilmasida, siyosiy tizimida va jamiyatida ko'zga tashlanadigan oqibatlarga olib keladi, chunki bilimli sayyoh buni tez orada sezadi.
Arman genotsidi
Birinchi jahon urushi davrida Usmonlilar ruslarga qarshi kurashdilar. Usmonlilarning Rossiya chegarasidagi xristian armanlar Rossiya tomonida bo'lishlari uchun javobgar deb hisoblangan va shuning uchun ularga dushman sifatida qarashgan. Usmonlilar butun arman aholisini o'ldirishga yoki deportatsiya qilishga urinishgan. Hatto Usmonlilarning 1918 yildagi mag'lubiyati ham 1923 yilgacha davom etgan va 600 000 - 1,5 million odamning o'limiga sabab bo'lgan ta'qiblarni to'xtata olmadi.
Genotsid bugungi kunda butun dunyoda mavjud bo'lgan ulkan arman diasporalari jamoatchiligini va diplomatik dushmanlikni keltirib chiqardi. kurka va Armaniston, chunki Turkiya uning genotsid ekanligini inkor etishda davom etmoqda va Armaniston mavzuni xalqaro miqyosda ko'targani uchun norozi.
Sovet Armanistoni
Boshqa holatlarda bo'lgani kabi Sovet respublikalar, Armanistonda sanoatning katta o'sishi va ta'limning keng o'sishi kuzatildi. Yerevan 20 ming kishilik chang bosgan garnizon shaharchasidan 1 millionlik metropolgacha qo'ziqorin qo'zg'atdi va Sovet madaniyati mashinasi qat'iy chegaralar ostida juda ko'p subsidiyalangan madaniy ta'lim va faoliyatni rad etdi.
Qorabog 'mojarosi
Sovet Ittifoqi 1990-yillarning boshlarida qulab tushgach, armanlar Tog'li Qorabog ', Ozarbayjonning madaniy jihatdan arman viloyati, Armaniston va Arman diasporasi ko'magi bilan Ozarbayjondan mustaqillik uchun kurashgan. Urush harbiy jihatdan g'alaba qozondi, ammo diplomatik echim topilmadi. 1994 yildagi sulh kelishuvi a amalda milliy chegara va Tog'li Qorabog ' tan olinmagan davlatchilikning g'alati holatida. Erdagi janglar to'xtab turganda, faqat kichik istisnolardan tashqari, diplomatik ziddiyatlar hali ham yuqori. Armanistonning Qorabog 'bilan Ozarbayjon bilan chegaralari yopiq. Turkiya ozar-turk qarindoshlarini qo'llab-quvvatlash uchun Armaniston bilan quruqlik chegarasini ham yopdi.
Geografiya
Kichik va tog'li, dengizga chiqish imkoniyati bo'lmagan mamlakat Armaniston deyarli hech qachon mehmonlarni ajablantirmaydi. Tog 'dovonlari, vodiylar va kanyonlar uni ancha kattaroq his qiladi va Sevan ko'li janubiy qirg'oqlaridan cheksiz suv ko'rinib turadigan yoqimli manzara yaratadi. Geografik o'zgarishni hisobga olgan holda, iqlimning xilma-xilligi ham bor - bu erda oyning bepoyon landshaftlari, o'rmonlari, qorli tepaliklari va alp ko'llari mavjud.
Mamlakat sirtining besh foizini Sevan ko'lidan tashkil topgan (Sevana Lich), Kichik Kavkaz tog 'tizmasidagi eng katta ko'l.
Madaniyat
Dunyodagi birinchi rasmiy nasroniy mamlakati ekanligidan g'ururli da'volarini hisobga olsak, ajoyib tabiiy go'zallikning ba'zi joylarida joylashgan son-sanoqsiz monastirlar va cherkovlar mavjud. Tatev, Noravank, Xagartsin, Xagpat va Gegarddagi monastirlar, u erda topilgan ming yillik monastirlarsiz ham landshaft uchun tashrif buyurishga arziydi.
Armaniston Evropa va Osiyoning ajoyib chorrahasida joylashgan va uning madaniyati ikkalasidan ham olingan. Aksariyat armanlar o'zlarini evropalik deb bilsalar-da, ba'zi sohalarda ijtimoiy konservatizm ularni g'arbiy evropaliklardan ajratib turadi. Sovet Ittifoqi qulaganidan keyin armanlar duch kelgan yangi dunyo, ayniqsa, poytaxt Yerevanda katta ijtimoiy o'zgarishlarni boshdan kechirdi. Kichkina va bir hil (taxminan 99% armanistonlik) aholi kuchli oilaviy yo'naltirilgan. Mamlakat bo'ylab odamlar juda mehmondo'st va o'zlarining mehmondo'stligi bilan faxrlanadilar. Qishloqda bir tiyinsiz ko'rsating, oziq-ovqat va turar joy oqadi - ichimliklar va cheksiz tostlar bilan birga.
Armaniston siyosiy jihatdan Turkiya va Ozarbayjon qo'shnilariga qarshi Rossiya bilan birlashdi.
Armanistonda ingliz tilida ko'plab yo'l belgilari mavjud va umuman ingliz tilida so'zlashadigan armanlar juda ko'p, va siz sayyohlarni xush kelibsiz degan alohida tuyg'uga ega bo'lasiz. Hech bo'lmaganda Yerevanda politsiya juda qiyshiq ko'rinmaydi va umuman olganda mamlakat ham xavfsiz, ham uyushgan ko'rinadi.
Din
Dunyodagi birinchi nasroniy xalqida ustun dinni taxmin qilish qiyin emas: Armaniston aholisining 97% Sharqiy pravoslav cherkovi bo'lgan Armaniy Apostol cherkoviga tegishli.
Turizm
The rasmiy sayyohlik veb-sayti va tijorat Mehmonlarga xizmat ma'lumot olish uchun ajoyib manbalardir.
O'qing
- Maykl Arlen, Araratga o'tish, amerikalik-armanistonning Sovet Armanistoniga birinchi tashrifi haqida avtobiografik ma'lumotlar.
- Vasiliy Grossman, Armancha eskizlar kitobi, Sovet jurnalisti, yozuvchi va dissident, Armanistonga qilgan tashriflarida.
Chiqinglar
Kirish Gruziya va Eron er orqali mumkin va muammosiz. Bilan chegaralar Ozarbayjon va kurka yopiq.
Kirish talablari
Vizasiz
Quyidagi joylardagi fuqarolar Armanistonga 180 kunlik vizaga bepul sayohat qilishlari mumkin (Eron va Makao uchun 90 kun): Andorra, Argentina, Avstraliya, Belorussiya, Braziliya, Yevropa Ittifoqi, Gruziya, Islandiya, Eron, Qozog'iston, Qirg'iziston, Lixtenshteyn, Makao, Moldova, Monako, Chernogoriya, Tog'li Qorabog ', Norvegiya, Rossiya, San-Marino, Shveytsariya, Tojikiston, Ukraina, Birlashgan Arab Amirliklari, Birlashgan Qirollik, Qo'shma Shtatlar, Urugvay, O'zbekiston, Vatikan shahri.
Kelish paytida viza
Qolganlari uchun (asosan Afrika mamlakatlaridan bir nechtasi, quyida ko'rib chiqing), 21 kunlik sayyohlik vizalari Yerevan aeroportiga va quruqlik o'tish joylariga etib borgandan so'ng, 3000 kunlik bahoga 21 kun va 15000 kun davomida beriladi. (Armancha) dram 120 kun davomida.
Yerevan aeroportida bojxona va immigratsiya oldidan valyuta ayirboshlash va bankomat mavjud. Armanistonda umuman foydalanilmaydigan sayohat cheklarini almashtirish uchun taxminan 10 AQSh dollar miqdorida katta qo'shimcha to'lov mavjud.
Chegarachilar quruqlikdan o'tishda boshqa valyutalarni quvonch bilan qabul qilishadi, lekin faqat yomon narxlarda. Chegaraga kelishdan oldin arman dramasini tomosha qilishga harakat qiling. Ba'zi sayohatchilardan 20 AQSh dollarigacha (rasmiy narxdan taxminan uch baravar ko'p) olinadi, ammo 2015 yil avgustdan boshlab Bagratashen-Sadaxlo chegara o'tish punktida 21 kunlik viza uchun sizdan 10 AQSh dollari olinadi. Chegarachilar va bojxonachilar 100 AQSh dollarlik kupyurani o'zgartira olmaydilar, shuning uchun hatto urinmang.
Oldindan viza
Biroz qimmatroq variant (rasmiy ravishda hech bo'lmaganda) elektron viza (21 kun davomida 10 AQSh dollari; 120 kun davomida 40 AQSh dollari). Ushbu elektron vizalar to'liq onlayn tarzda qayta ishlanadi va ikki ish kunigacha rasmiylashtiriladi. Ular Armanistonga Yerevan aeroporti va quyidagi quruqlik chegaralari orqali kirish huquqini beradi: dan Gruziya, Ayrum temir yo'l stantsiyasi, Bavra, Bagratashen va Gogavan; va dan Eron Megrida.
Elchixonadan oldindan olingan 21 kunlik viza (onlayn emas) 8 AQSh dollarini tashkil qiladi.
The omadsizlar viza olish imkoni bo'lmagan viza olishdan oldin elchixona yoki konsullikda murojaat qilishi kerak va kerak taklifnoma.
Samolyotda
Zvartnots xalqaro aeroporti (EVN IATA) [1], Yerevandan 10 km g'arbda mamlakatdagi asosiy aeroport.
G'arbiy Osiyoning ba'zi aviakompaniyalari (Suriya, Eron va boshqalar) aeroportga xizmat ko'rsatadi.
Qarama-qarshi tomondan juda tez-tez reyslar mavjud Mustaqil Davlatlar Hamdo'stligi. Rossiya aviakompaniyalariga quyidagilar kiradi: Aeroflot, S7, Ural, Polet, Tatariston, UTAir va Yamal. Boshqalar qatoriga Belaviya (Belorusiya), Dneproaviya (Dnepr, Ukraina) va SCAT (Qozog'iston) kiradi.
Evropaning bir nechta aviakompaniyalari Yerevanga ham xizmat qiladi: Chexiya aviakompaniyasi, Air France, Austrian, LOT.
Shirak aeroporti (LWN IATA) ichida Gyumri Rossiyadan bir nechta reyslar bor.
Poyezdda
Kuz, qish va bahorda № 371-sonli poezd har ikkinchi kundan boshlab harakatlanadi Tbilisi, Gruziya Yerevanga, soat 20: 20da jo'nab ketdi va ertasi kuni ertalab soat 06:55 da etib keldi.
Yozda # 202-sonli poezd har kuni harakatlanadi Batumi, Gruziya Tbilisi orqali Yerevanga, Batumidan soat 15:35 da (Tbilisida soat 22:16 da) chiqib, ertasi kuni ertalab soat 07:25 da etib boradi.
Qarang rasmiy jadval tafsilotlar uchun - chap tomonda yo'lovchi tashish.
Poezd bilan bog'lanadi kurka va Ozarbayjon kesilgan.
Mashinada
Armanistonga Eron yoki Gruziya orqali o'tish mumkin. Turkiya va Ozarbayjon bilan chegaralar yopiq. Mahalliy sayyohlik agentliklari chegaraga transportni tashkil qilishlari mumkin; ba'zi gruzin agentlari Tbilisiga qadar transportni tashkil qilishlari mumkin. Poyezd yoki avtobusdan qimmatroq bo'lishiga qaramay, shaxsiy mashina qulayroq bo'lishi va yo'l bo'ylab sayr qilish bilan birlashtirilishi mumkin.
Gruziyadan kelganlar bor ogohlantirishlar, masalan. Germaniya Federal tashqi ishlar vazirligidan, Armaniston va Ozarbayjon armiyasi o'rtasida to'qnashuvlar davom etayotgani va Armaniston bilan Ozarbayjon chegarasidan atigi bir necha o'n metr narida o'tadigan sharqiy yo'ldan (Noyemberyan orqali) foydalanmaslik. ushbu mintaqadagi vaqt. Biroq, marshrut orqali Alaverdi yomon saqlanishi aytilmoqda. Variant Toshir orqali bo'lishi mumkin. Agar siz avvalroq Gruziya bo'ylab sayohat qilsangiz, Armanistonga, go'yoki o'lik nuqtaga borganingizdan so'ng, borish qulayroq bo'ladi Samtsxe-Javaxeti shu jumladan Borjomi, Bakuriani va Vardziya.
Avtobusda
Gruziyadan
Tbilisidan chegaraga qadar 17 ga yaqin marshrutkalar mavjud lari ga Yerevan. Tbilisidan Yerevanga ular xuddi shu yo'lni bosib o'tishadi va taxminan 35 lari turadi. Bundan tashqari Alaverdi (Xagpat va Sanaxin monastirlariga eng yaqin yirik shahar) da chiqish mumkin.
Axalkalakidan Armanistonga har kuni bir nechta marshrutkalar jo'nab ketadi (Gyumri). Axalkalaki tashrif buyurayotganda qulay joylashgan Samtsxe-Javaxeti shu jumladan Borjomi, Bakuriani va Vardziya. Marshrutkalar Ninotsminda orqali o'tadi, shuning uchun u erga sakrash mumkin. Bavra yaqinidagi chegarani kesib o'tish tez, ammo Gruziya tomonidagi yo'llarning ahvoli dahshatli. Biroq, kichik restavratsiya amalga oshirilmoqda (2019 yil may).
Erondan
Kundalik zamonaviy avtobus qatnovi mavjud Yerevan mavjud Tehron yoki Tabriz taxminan 50-60 AQSh dollari; buning uchun sayohat agentliklarini tekshiring.
Aks holda, Nuduz / Agarakdagi yagona Eron / Armaniston quruqlik chegarasi jamoat transporti tomonidan juda yomon xizmat qiladi. Armaniston tomonida siz Megri shahriga kuniga bir marshrutka bilan borishingiz mumkin Yerevan. Ikkala yo'nalishda ham marshrutka erta tongda ketadi. Kapan va Kajaranga marshrutkalar tez-tez xizmat qilishadi, lekin u erdan chegaraga qadar uzoq va tog'li (va shuning uchun qimmat) cho'zilgan. Megri shahridan chegaraga qadar 8 km masofada joylashgan va taksiga borish yoki taksiga chiqishning yagona imkoniyati bor. Eron tomonida eng yaqin jamoat transporti g'arbdan 50 km uzoqlikda joylashgan Jolfa, shuning uchun taksini (10-15 AQSh dollari atrofida) yana bitta (tijorat) tanlovi kutmoqda. Chegara umuman band emas, shuning uchun avtoulov paytida siz asosan yuk mashinalari haydovchilariga yopishishingiz kerak va bu erda rus yoki fors tillari katta yordam beradi. Bu xavfsiz variantmi yoki yo'qligini o'zingiz o'ylab ko'ring.
Tog'li Qorabog'dan
Agar siz Tog'li Qorabog 'dan kelsangiz, siz avval Armanistonda bo'lgansiz, chunki siz ushbu mintaqaga birinchi navbatda yo'l orqali kirgansiz. Tog'li Qorabog'ga boshqa har qanday kirish joyi, masalan. Ozarbayjon orqali juda xavfli va hayot uchun xavfli bo'lishi mumkin.
Lar bor Armaniston tomonidan boshqariladigan nazorat punktlari yo'q Armanistonga shimoliy va janubiy yo'nalish orqali qayta kirishda (yoki chiqib ketishda). Faqatgina Tog'li Qorabog 'politsiyasi tomonidan boshqariladigan nazorat punktlari mavjud. Armanistonga qaytarib berilishi uchun talab qilinadigan barcha narsalar - bu siz birinchi navbatda olgan harakatsiz va etarlicha uzoq muddatli amaldagi Armaniston vizasi. Armaniston vizasi Tog'li Qorabog 'hududiga kirishda tugamaydi va uzaymaydi, siz ham qila olmaydi Tog'li Qorabog'dan Armanistonga kirishda yangisini olish.
Atrofga boring
Avtobus yoki marshrutka bilan
Armanistonda jamoat transporti harakat jadvallari bilan juda yaxshi va arzon (taxminan 100 dram / 10 km) Bu yerga va aloqalar Bu yerga. Agar siz arman tilini o'qimasangiz, Google tarjimonidan foydalaning. Aholi punktlaridan tashqarida joylashgan uzoqroq saytlarga borish ham qiyin bo'lishi mumkin. Har bir shahar atrofdagi qishloqlarga mahalliy transportni taklif qiladi va har bir shahar Yerevanga ulanishni taklif qiladi, bu tizimni markaz va nutq tizimi deb ta'riflash mumkin. Ko'pincha shaharlararo sayohat 14 o'rinli mikroavtobuslar yoki avtobuslar orqali amalga oshiriladi. Yerevanda butun mamlakatga xizmat ko'rsatadigan bir nechta avtobus almashish stantsiyalari mavjud, shuning uchun qaerga borishni xohlaganingizga qarab, qaysi avtostantsiya siz boradigan joyga xizmat ko'rsatishini bilib olishingiz kerak. Sharqiy Evropaning ko'plab mamlakatlaridan farqli o'laroq, Armaniston marshrutkalari chiptalarni oldindan sotmaydi va umuman chiptalarni chiqarmaydi. Safarning istalgan vaqtida haydovchiga pul to'laysiz (garchi ba'zilari boshida yig'sa). Hech qachon aniq o'zgartirish talab qilinmaydi, ammo 1000 dramalik safar uchun 20000 dramlik nota muammo tug'dirishi mumkin. Jamoat transportida maslahatlar eshitilmagan.
- Armaniston uchun transport (Sayohat rejalashtiruvchisi). Armanistonda Yerevan va butun mamlakat uchun jamoat transportini yaxshilash uchun ko'ngillilar tomonidan sayohat qilishni rejalashtiruvchi ajoyib veb-sayt va nodavlat loyiha. Ushbu xizmat ingliz va rus tillarida mavjud bo'lganligi sababli, ushbu veb-sayt nafaqat mahalliy aholi, balki sayohatchilar uchun ham juda yaxshi. Shuningdek, ular ko'plab shaharlararo marshrutkalar uchun narxlarga ega - marshrutka haydovchilari bilan endi muhokama qilinmaydi. FB.
Poyezdda
Armanistondagi barcha poezdlar Sovet davridagi aktsiyalardir. Faqat bitta tezyurar poezd bor: xalqaro Yerevan-Tbilisi (yozda Batumi). Boshqa barcha poezdlar sekin, lekin nihoyatda arzon (1000 dram Gyumri-Yerevan). Naxumevan bilan yopiq chegarada Gyumri tomon bir necha, Yerasxgacha har kuni poezdlar qatnaydi. Yozgi dam olish kunlari bir kunlik poyezd shimoliy Almast stantsiyasidan Sevan ko'ligacha, narigi tomonda Shorjaga qadar ishlaydi (2019 yil may oyidan boshlab mavjud emas). Qarang rasmiy jadval tafsilotlar uchun - chap tomonda yo'lovchi tashish.
Gyumri shahrining shimolidagi yo'lovchilar uchun rasmiy ravishda kirish mumkin bo'lgan yagona stantsiya - Vanadzor, u erda Jorjiyaga boradigan poyezd to'xtaydi. Vanadzorning shimolida chiptalarni sotib olish mumkin bo'lmagan texnik to'xtash joylari mavjud (Pambak, Shahali, Sanaxin, Ayrum). Hali ham poezdga kirishga / chiqib ketishga urinib ko'rishingiz mumkin va chipta inspektorlari bunga yo'l qo'yishlari mumkin.
Bosh barmog'i bilan
- Shuningdek qarang: Avtostop
Sovet Ittifoqidan keyingi qulash kunlaridagi kabi keng tarqalgan emas, avtostop hali ham xavfsiz va maqbul bo'lib, avtostop sayohatchilar asosiy marshrutlarda odatiy hol emas. Haydovchilar ko'pincha kompensatsiya uchun hech narsa kutishmaydi, lekin baribir taklif qilishadi va ba'zida ular mashrutka tarifini olishadi. Qo'lingizni oldingizda ushlab, havoni silkitib, avtomashinalarni pastga tushiring; mana shunday taksilar, avtobuslar va mashrutkalar belgilanadi. Bosh barmog'ingizni tashqariga yo'naltirish ham qabul qilinadi, bu sizning sayohatchingiz ekanligingizni ko'rsatadi. Agar siz haydash paytida haydovchi bilan do'stlashsangiz va oxir-oqibat ularning uyida bir necha kun oilangiz bilan qolsangiz, ajablanmang - garchi bu asosan rus tilining ma'lum darajasiga bog'liq bo'lsa. Ingliz tilida so'zlashadigan odam sizni qabul qilish baxtiga muyassar bo'lishi mumkin, ammo bunga e'tibor bermang.
Avtostopchilar uchun mashhur yo'nalish - Yerevan / Goris. Ushbu yo'nalish Eronga va u erdan trafik bilan og'ir, va siz Eronning yuk mashinalari haydovchisi tomonidan olib ketilishi uchun juda yaxshi imkoniyatga egasiz. Gorisdan siz Tatevga, Eron chegarasiga yoki Tog'li Qorabog'gacha borishingiz mumkin. Gorisdan Tog'li Qorabog 'poytaxti Stepanakertga avtostop bilan boradigan bo'lsangiz, tezda sizni kutib olishadi - haydovchidan chegarada to'xtashini so'rab ishonch hosil qiling.
Taksida
O'rtacha G'arbiy Evropalik sayyoh uchun siz juda qisqa vaqt ichida mamlakatning istalgan joyiga borish uchun taksi yollashingiz mumkin. Agar siz katta sumkalarni olib og'ir sayohat qilishga qaror qilgan bo'lsangiz, u holda taksida borish eng yaxshi variant bo'ladi. Narxlar 100 dram / km ni tashkil qiladi va ko'pincha taksichilar km hisoblagichini ko'rsatadilar, ya'ni ular oxirgi kmni 100 ga ko'paytiradilar. Aksariyat taksilarda hisoblagich yo'qligi sababli, ketishingizdan oldin narx bo'yicha kelishib olishingiz mumkin.
Umumiy taksilar Gyumridagi asosiy avtovokzaldan Yerevanga jo'nab ketadi. Birgalikda taksida o'tirish sizga 2000 dramaga tushadi. Shunchaki etib kelib, atrofdan so'rang va sizni bir marta to'lgandan keyin chiqib ketadigan mashina tomon yo'naltirasiz. Bu, ehtimol avtobus bilan taqqoslaganda yaxshiroq variant bo'lishi mumkin, chunki avtoulovning konditsioner bo'lishiga katta imkoniyat bor.
Yandex.Taxi va gg ride xizmatlari Armanistonda, ayniqsa shaharlarda juda mashhur. Bundan tashqari, ular narxlarni muhokama qilish uchun juda yaxshi. Shunga qaramay, ba'zi haydovchilar ilova tomonidan hisoblab chiqilgan narxni oshirish uchun ayniqsa sekin yurishadi yoki aylanib o'tishadi. Shunday qilib, siz aniq narx bo'yicha kelishib olganingiz ma'qul (butun avtomobil uchun har bir yo'lovchi emas, balki dramada AQSh dollari emas).
Ijaraga olingan mashina bilan
Siz Yerevanda avtoulovlarni ijaraga olishingiz mumkin. Armanistonda o'rtacha sayyoh uchun haydash uydagidan farq qiladi, ammo yo'llar tobora yaxshilanib bormoqda va umuman haydash uslubi juda yaxshi. Agar siz mashinani ijaraga olishga qaror qilsangiz, butun Yerevan bo'ylab Enterprise Rent-A-Car, Alamo, National va boshqalarni o'z ichiga olgan avtoulovlarni ijaraga beruvchi kompaniyalar soni ko'paymoqda.
Yerevan atrofidagi aksariyat asosiy yo'llar adolatli shaklga ega, ba'zilari esa juda yaxshi holatda. Shimoliy (Dilidjan) yoki janubga (Jermuk) sayohat qilganingizda, yo'llar kamroq saqlanib qoladi va notekis bo'ladi va buni ayniqsa jamoat transportidan foydalanganda sezishingiz mumkin! (Mikroavtobuslar ham tez-tez yomon ahvolda bo'ladi) Qovoq teshiklari tajribaning bir qismidir va sizning haydash qobiliyatingizni sinab ko'rishi mumkin. Agar mavjud bo'lsa, barcha g'ildirakli transport vositalarini yoki sport vositalarini ko'rib chiqing.
Kechasi borganingiz ma'qul emas, chunki kutilmagan qozon teshiklari, ko'chib yurgan itlar, ko'cha yoritgichlari va markirovkalari etishmayotganligi haydashni keyinchalik xavfli qiladi.
Velosipedda
Tog'li joy va tepaliklar tufayli velosiped haydash Evropaning qolgan qismida bo'lgani kabi Armanistonda ham bunday keng tarqalgan transport usuli emas. Aks holda, bu yo'llarning moyilligi va ba'zan dahshatli holatiga bardosh bera olsangiz, bu qishloqning ko'p qismini ko'rish va tajriba qilishning ajoyib usuli.
Samolyotda
Armanistonda faqat ikkita ishlaydigan aeroport mavjud (Yeveran va Shirak) lekin ular orasida ichki reyslar mavjud emas. Uchish Stepanakert yilda Tog'li Qorabog ' rejalashtirilgan, ammo mintaqaning notinch diplomatiyasi taraqqiyotni to'xtatmoqda.
Ekskursiya orqali
Yirik sayyohlik joylariga borish uchun eng qulay, ammo majburiy bo'lmagan haqiqiy yoki hayajonli variantlardan biri - ba'zilari kamdan-kam jamoat transportida bo'lganlar - bu Yerevan bo'ylab ko'p kunlik sayohatlar. 6 AQSh dollaridan boshlab, siz mamlakatning ko'plab diqqatga sazovor joylarini o'z ichiga olgan har xil yarim kunlik sayohatlardan birini tanlashingiz mumkin. Masalan, Uxtasar petrogliflari va ko'plab g'orlar kabi ba'zi uzoqroq va ekzotik yo'nalishlar maxsus rejalashtirishni talab qiladi.
Ko'p kunlik ekskursiyalardan tashqari siz Armaniston bo'ylab sayohat qilishingiz mumkin.
Gapir
- Shuningdek qarang: Armancha so'zlashuv kitobi
Arman - hindu-evropa tillar oilasida o'z til guruhini tashkil etadigan Armanistondagi yagona rasmiy til. Biroq, deyarli barcha armanlar bir oz gaplasha oladilar Ruscha chunki Armaniston uning tarkibiga kirgan Sovet Ittifoqiva rus tili maktablarda majburiy ikkinchi til bo'lib qolmoqda. Ingliz tili tobora keng tarqalmoqda, xususan Yerevan; ammo, poytaxtdan tashqarida juda kam odam biron bir ingliz tilida gaplashadi, hatto yosh avlod vakillari ham.
Qarang
Xristianlik e'tiqodining asosini Armaniston yotadi, chunki u Iso alayhissalomning ikkita shogirdi xushxabar bergan birinchi mamlakat sifatida tanilgan. Bugungi kunda diniy merosni ko'rish uchun boylik hali ham mavjud. Chiroyli cherkovlar va monastirlar hamma joyda mavjud, ba'zilari esa 1700 yoshgacha. Eng muhimlaridan bir nechtasi Uneskoning Butunjahon merosi ro'yxatiga kiritilgan. Boshlash uchun Gegard monastiri, tog 'yonbag'iridan o'yilgan va ajoyib qoyalar orasida juda yaxshi joylashgan Azat daryosi darasi. U erda bo'lganingizdan so'ng Garni ibodatxonasi yunon ibodatxonasi uslubidagi binolari bilan tezda to'xtab turish imkoniyati mavjud. The Etchmiadzin sobori yilda Vagarshapat V asrga oid qismlarga ega va dunyodagi eng qadimiy sobor hisoblanadi. The Monastiri Sanaxin, bu "bu odam undan kattaroq" degan ma'noni anglatadi, bu faqat tosh otishdir Xagpat Monastir. Ikkalasi ham 10-asrga tegishli. 7-asr Zvartnots ibodathona hozir xarobada, ammo katta arxeologik ahamiyatga ega.
Agar siz ko'proq narsani xohlasangiz, Yereroukning bazilika va arxeologik joyini yoki tarixiy Dvin shahrining xarobalarini ko'rib chiqing. Ba'zi meros ob'ektlari go'zal vodiylarda joylashgan. Monastiri Noravank monastirlari esa go'zal Amaghou vodiysida yaxshi ko'rinishdir Tatev va Tatevi Anapat Vorotan vodiysida o'tirish - ajoyib landshaftlar va cherkovlar bilan bezatilgan ajoyib maydon.
Ro'yxatga olinmagan, ammo shubhasiz chiroyli monastir Xor Virap. Bu ajoyib manzaralarni taqdim etadi Ararat tog'i Turkiyada bo'lgan, ammo Armaniston davlat bayrog'ida aks etgan narsa.
Ushbu mashhur tog'ni mamlakat poytaxtidan ko'rish mumkin (ob-havo sharoiti). Yerevan. Yerevan tural markazi, mo'l-ko'l opera va teatr aylanib chiqmoq. The Armaniston tarixi muzeyi ajoyib to'plamga ega va Arman genotsidining yodgorligi va muzeyi aytib berish uchun qayg'uli, ammo foydali hikoyaga ega. Oddiyroq tomon uchun jonli tashrif buyuring Vernisaj bozori yoki zinapoyalarga chiqish Yerevan kaskadi. Mahalliy va xalqaro sayohatchilar uchun yana bir faol nuqta Sevan ko'li. Yozda, ushbu baland tog'li toza suv ko'lining (dunyodagi eng katta suv havzalaridan biri) plyajlari, sayr qilishdan lagerga dam olish va kurort ta'tiligacha hamma uchun mashhur joy.
Qil
- Piyoda yurish - Armanistonda cheksiz ko'p sayyohlik marshrutlari va cho'qqilar bor. Janubida Sevan ko'li mintaqasi, atrofida Garni, yuqoridan va pastga Alaverdi darasi va Janubiy Armaniston eng muhim voqealarning bir nechtasi. Ishonchli xaritalar va keng qamrovli yo'llar va xarita ma'lumotlari uchun maslahatlashing OpenStreetMap, ushbu sayohat qo'llanmasi va shunga o'xshash ko'plab mobil ilovalar tomonidan foydalaniladi Osm Va (ko'plab qo'shimchalar bilan keng qamrovli) va MAPS.ME (oddiy, ammo cheklangan).
- Velosiped haydash – Armanistonning velosiped bo'ylab sayohati yo'nalishi Armanistonni (va ixtiyoriy ravishda Qorabog'ni) velosipedda ko'rish uchun ajoyib marshrutga ega.
- Tadbirlar - Kelgusi tadbirlar ro'yxati bilan bu erda tanishishingiz mumkin rasmiy sayyohlik veb-sayti.
- Aks holda: toshga chiqish, shamolda bemaqsad qilish, quyoshda cho'milish, lager va hatto tosh
Sotib oling
Pul
Arman dramasi uchun valyuta kurslari 2020 yil yanvar holatiga ko'ra:
Valyuta kurslari o'zgarib turadi. Ushbu va boshqa valyutalarning amaldagi kurslari quyidagi manzildan olingan XE.com |
Armaniston pul birligi sifatida tanilgan dram, ba'zan "belgisi bilan belgilanadiԴ"(ISO valyuta kodi: AMD). Vikipediya foydalanadi dram o'z maqolalarida valyutani aniqlash uchun.
Drama hamma joyda qabul qilinadi va ba'zi bir kamdan-kam hollarda katta miqdordagi xaridlar uchun AQSh dollari qabul qilinadi - garchi dram tijorat uchun yagona qonuniy valyuta bo'lsa. AQSh dollari, evro va Rossiya rubllarini mamlakatning deyarli barcha joylarida almashtirish mumkin, boshqa asosiy valyutalar ham oson almashtiriladi. Birja kassalari va tijorat banklari komissiya olmaydilar va stavkalar deyarli har doim raqobatbardoshdir.
Bankomatlar (Bankomatlar) katta shaharlarda keng tarqalgan; Yerevandan tashqarida bo'lsa ham, sizning kartangizda ishlash uchun Visa yoki MasterCard kabi yirik tizim bo'lishi kerak.
Yerevandan tashqarida kredit kartalari keng qabul qilinmaydi.
Xarid qilish
Arman gilamlari, konyak, mevalar, hunarmandchilik buyumlari va sovet yodgorliklari - odamlar Armanistondan uyga olib ketadigan eng mashhur narsalardan biri. Ularning aksariyati dam olish kunlari oxiri tugamaydigan ko'rinadigan Vernissage-da, Respublika maydonining yonida, aksariyat yarmida, Respublika maydonidan ancha sayyohlik buyumlari bilan.
Yerevanda bir nechta savdo markazlari, shuningdek ko'plab supermarketlar va kichik do'kon va butiklar mavjud. Aksariyat do'konlar va restoranlar har kuni, idoralar va maktablar dushanbadan shanbagacha ishlaydi. Tonglar odatda sekinlashadi va joylar erta yoki hatto o'z vaqtida ochilishga moyil emas.
Savdo-sotiq va pul o'tkazish
Armaniston do'konlarida savdolashish odatiy holdir, ammo qimmatbaho buyumlarni yoki katta hajmdagi buyumlarni sotib olayotganda ular bunga mos kelishi mumkin. Bozorlarda esa savdolashish shart!
Armanistonda, ayniqsa, kafe va restoranlarda pul yig'ish tobora keng tarqalgan. Ko'plab armanlar shunchaki cheklarini to'ldirishadi yoki o'n foizini qoldiradilar. Ba'zi kafe xodimlariga faqat ish haqi bo'yicha ish haqi to'lanadi, ammo siz har doim ular ko'rsatadigan xizmatga qarab farq qila olmaysiz. Ko'plab restoranlarda a 10% "xizmat narxi" ular odatda ofitsiantlar bilan bo'lishmaydi va nima uchun ishlatilishi aniq emas. Ushbu to'lov ko'pincha menyuda aniq ko'rsatilmagan, shuning uchun siz bilmoqchi ekanligingizni so'rashingiz kerak. Odatda taksilarda uchish kutilmaydi, lekin yana yaxlitlash odatiy hol emas.
Bozorlar
Vernisage hunarmandchilik va bit bozori - har shanba va yakshanba kunlari Respublika maydonining yaqinida sayyohlar va mahalliy aholi uchun ajoyib xaridlarga ega ulkan ochiq bozor mavjud. Eski gilamlar, murakkab yog'och o'ymakorliklari va tavla taxtalari, rasmlar, esdalik sovg'alari, eski chinni va eski uy anjomlari uchun katta bo'limlar mavjud bo'lib, ular kichikroq bo'laklar bilan tikish va kashtachilik, toshbo'ron qilish, kitoblar, harbiy buyumlar va boshqa son-sanoqsiz narsalar uchun.
The GUM Shuka dehqon bozori Tigran Mets avenyu va Movses Xorenatsi ko'chalari kesishmasiga yaqin joylashgan "Toshir" savdo majmuasi yaqinidagi katta yopiq bozor. Ichkarida yangi meva va sabzavotlar, ajoyib quritilgan mevalar va qassob bo'limi va quritilgan o'tlar bo'limi mavjud. Bir tomonda ko'proq qassoblar, yana bir qismida yangi meva va sabzavot sotuvchilar, qo'lda yasalgan metall pechka pechkalari yonida.
Arman va rus tillarida so'zlashadigan mehmonlar uchun tashrif ishlatilgan kitob bozori juda qiziqarli bo'lishi mumkin. Abitov va Moskovyan ko'chalari burchagiga yaqin, Yeritasardakan metro stantsiyasiga yaqin bog'da sotuvchilar minglab kitoblarni sotishadi. Siz savdolashishga urinib ko'rishingiz mumkin.
Yemoq
Asosiy taomlar
- Xorovatlar - Barbekyu, u cho'chqa go'shti, qo'zichoq, tovuq yoki mol go'shti bo'lishi mumkin (boshqa postsovet mamlakatlarida Shashlik deb nomlanadi). Odatda, piyoz va boshqa arman ziravorlari bilan xushbo'ylashtiriladi. Pomidor, baqlajon va bolgar qalampiri ham xorovatlar ovqatiga kiradi. Kabob - bu xorovatlarning go'shtdan tayyorlangan versiyasi va arzonroq.
- Xarissa - ilgari dimlangan va suyaklangan tovuq go'shti yoki qo'zichoq va qo'pol maydalangan ho'llangan qobiqli bug'doydan tayyorlangan bir hil bo'tqa. Ovqat ko'p asrlarga to'g'ri keladi va an'anaviy ravishda Pasxa kunida xizmat qiladi. Bu Armanistonning milliy taomlari sanaladi va butun dunyo bo'ylab armanlar tomonidan keng tayyorlanadi.
- Borscht - Odatda xizmat qiladigan ukrain sabzavotli sho'rva. It is traditionally made with beetroot as a main ingredient, which gives it a strong red color. It is usually served warm with fresh sour cream.
- Khash – A traditional dish, originating in the Shirak region. Formerly a nutritious winter food for the rural poor, it is now considered a delicacy, and is enjoyed as a festive winter meal. Made from less commonly used parts of animals, most visitors consider it an acquired taste.
- Dolma – Stuffed grape leaves; varieties with stuffed cabbage leaves, or bell peppers and aubergines also exist.
- Byorek – Consists of phyllo dough folded into triangles and stuffed with cheese, spinach or minced beef, and the filling is typically spiced. A popular combination is spinach, feta, cottage cheese (or pot cheese) and a splash of anise-flavored liquor (such as raki).
- Ishli kufta va Kufta – Best described as when bulgur meets meat. Very delicious and a must-try.
- Jingalov Hats (Lavash bread stuffed with herbs) – A specialty from Karabagh, and best tried fresh from the afternoon market in Stepanakert.
Desserts and snacks
- Gata yoki Nazook – A flaky pastry with a sweet filling.
- Alani – Pitted dried peaches stuffed with ground walnuts and sugar.
- Kadaif (ghataif) – Shredded dough with cream, cheese, or chopped walnut filling, soaked with sugar syrup.
- Anoushabour – Dried fruits stewed with barley, garnished with chopped almonds or walnuts (a traditional Christmas pudding).
Various
Arman fruits and vegetables are special. One should definitely try them and will never forget the taste of Armenian apricot, peach, grapes, pomegranate, etc. Especially the watermelons in Armenia and neighboring countries with similar altitude and climate are of superior taste.
Arman bread is very tasty. There is a wide range of different types of bread, including black, white lavash (a soft, thin flatbread), and matnaqash.
Do not miss trying milk products. Along with ordinary milk products, there are some traditional and really tasty and refreshing ones. Matsun (yogurt) is a traditional Armenian dairy product that has centuries of history. It contains a number of natural microelements, which have high biochemical activity. It's really refreshing, especially when you try it cold during hot summers. Diluted with water or whey (or both) until drinkable, it becomes tan, and is sold in bottles. Okroshka is cold soup with tan, cucumber and dill; it is a healthy and refreshing dairy product. Spas is really tasty hot matsun soup with grains in it.
Café culture rules in Armenia, and the best places to have a cup of coffee and people-watch are sidewalk cafés. Any place near the Opera is certain to be jumping late into the summer nights. A popular chain is "Jazzve" (several locations throughout the city, including near the Opera and off Mesrop Mashtots Avenue), which offers many varieties of tea and coffee as well as great desserts.
Ichish
Alcoholic: Vodka, tutti oghi (mulberry vodka), honi oghi (cornelian cherry vodka), Tsirani oghi (apricot vodka), local beer (Kilikia, Kotayk, Gyumri), wine (can also be made of pomegranate), and brandy. Respected wines include Karas, Karasi, Kataro, Armenia and some new wines hitting the market. Many are made with Armenian grape varietals not being grown anywhere else in the world. Areni is one of the most popular grape sorts which the largest number of red wines are made from, and the name of Armenia's wine country, while khndoghni is a variety grown in southern Karabakh that the Kataro wine is made from.
Other: Tan (yogurt combined with water and salt), Jermuk (mineral water), masuri hyut (rose hip juice), chichkhani hyut (sea buckthorne juice), bali hyut (sour cherry juice), Armenian coffee, and herbal teas.
Uyqu
Across Armenia, you can find bed and breakfasts that are pleasant and will give you a true taste of Armenian culture. The language barrier will be significant in the rural areas of Armenia if you do not speak Arman yoki Ruscha, but if you take a phrase dictionary with you, you should have no trouble, as people are patient. Any effort to utter an Armenian phrase or term will be met with a friendly smile.
In Yerevan, there are a couple of hostels. Outside Yerevan, there are a few main recreational areas that offer very reasonable accommodations, but you will be required to live without some conveniences. At the high end are some hotels on Lake Sevan and in Northern Lori Marz (50 km from the Georgian border). Here you will miss nothing, but you will pay Western prices for the accommodations. Around Lake Sevan, there are numerous types of cottages and hotels. Prices are reasonable and start at about US$10 per day for a cottage with electricity and within walking distance from Lake Sevan. The city of Sevan, due to its proximity to Yerevan, is the most popular place on Lake Sevan but the history, culture and non-Western European feel of the accommodations change as you go south on Lake Sevan.
Tavush Marz is a wonderful place to summer. Dilijan va Ijevan are wonderful towns in which to be based, with day trips to the many ancient churches that pepper this remote region. Costs are very reasonable and Dilijan is known for its sanatoriums from the Soviet era. Do not expect hot water all hours of the day, but you can have a lovely room that will accommodate a family, including food for about US$20 a day. Take another US$20 to hire a car for the day to visit the surrounding historical sites.
Lori Marz is the second most beautiful region after Vayots Dzor. It has many health resort areas such as Stepanavan, Dendropark (Sojut) next to village Gyulagarak. Lori is considered to be the Armenian Switzerland. It has numerous churches, monasteries, medieval bridges and monuments. The Stepanavan area is great for hiking, tasting fresh dairy products, etc. Small hotels and B&Bs are available in the area of Stepanavan, Odzun, Tumanian, etc.
Tsaghkadzor is a well-known winter retreat. It has many lovely hotels and is popular year round. Check with a travel agent to find the best deal depending on what activity you are looking to undertake. Jermuk, made famous by the bottled water of the same name, is a wonderful get away, but will again require you to leave your western European expectations behind.
O'rganing
Armenian language va history. Since Armenians are very proud to be the first nation to adopt Christianity as the state religion, nearly everyone is almost an expert on Armenian history, which goes back to 3000 years. Museum of Ancient scripts, "Matenadaran", which is in central Yerevan is a place, where one can learn about history and witness ancient (really ancient) manuscripts. [2]
Ish
Career Center [3] has job listings. For volunteer work see these links: [4], [5], [6].
Xavfsiz bo'ling
Armenia is a very safe country, so you shouldn't worry about walking around late at night. People leave you to your own devices.
Overall, Yerevan is also safe, though theft and pickpocketing are not unheard of, particularly targeting foreigners. Use common sense and usual precautions when walking on the street at night, especially after drinking.
Female travellers should be aware that unaccompanied women are an unusual sight after dark. In the outskirts of the city, a single woman walking alone at night may attract attention—though this attention may not be as malign as other parts of the world.
The biggest danger in Armenia are taxi drivers, especially in Yerevan. Qarang the Yerevan article and included warning to read all about it. As stated above, always agree a price in advance, and if they are reluctant to agree, do not take the ride. Another taxi will not be long coming.
Sog'lom bo'ling
If you are dining with Armenians, they will feed you until you cannot eat any more. The food is generally safe, even from the roadside khorovats stands.
The tap water is generally safe, as it comes directly from mountains. Tab and spring water is available virtually everywhere, especially at churches and monasteries. This means that you do not need to carry a lot of water with you, just a 0.5 l bottle should be enough.
Smoke
Armenia has restrictive non-smoking laws that are widely ignored. The country has the highest rate of cigarette smoking among men in Europe. Every year more than 5100 Armenians are killed by tobacco-caused disease.
There is still a little number of non-smoking restaurants and cafes in Armenia yet it's slowly growing. French bakery type eateries and wine bars are typically non-smoking havens.
Hurmat
Armenians are like any other Europeans in their manners and lifestyle, though very much on the traditional end of the spectrum in some ways. In contrast to today's Europe, Armenia remains deeply religious, and women occupy a place in society that Western Europe has not seen for a number of generations.
Feel free to discuss the Karabakh conflict and settlement in Armenia and Nagorno-Karabakh. Unlike Azerbaijan, it is not a sensitive topic, or something to tip-toe around. However, since the 2020 conflict, this may be best avoided due to the pain and upheaval it has caused throughout Armenia.
The issue of the Armenian Genocide, in which up to one and a half-million Armenians were killed by the Young Turk government during World War One, is still denied by Turkey. If you were to question whether it happened you would probably be considered ignorant or rude. One can find out more about the Armenian Genocide by visiting the museum at the 'Tsitsernakaberd' Genocide Memorial.
Many Armenians believe that Russian rule saved Armenia from complete Turkish extermination, and many Armenians are Slavophiles. Armenians do not mind if you speak to them in Russian, unlike some other post-communist countries.
Unlike neighbouring countries, staring is quite common in Armenia; People, both old and young, are likely to stare at you simply for being a foreigner, though this doesn't happen as much in Yerevan as it does in other cities/towns and in out-of-the-way places. Do not be surprised if such curiosity doesn't extend beyond a stare.
It is very common to give up your seat for an elderly passenger on the public transport. Usually, men will give up their seat to women too. It is also considered polite to let women first to the bus or train or to enter a room, and the "ladies first" rule is considered important.
When visiting churches, men and women are supposed to dress modestly (i.e. no shorts, miniskirts, sleeveless shirts/tops), though most churches do not say anything to tourists passing through. Since entrance is free, lighting a candle can be a nice, but completely optional gesture. You should always talk quietly when you are visiting a church.
Ulanmoq
Yerevan is full of cafes with free wifi. These are beginning to pop up in a number of towns outside of Yerevan as well. Many hotels and cafes provide WiFi for their guests. International calling is available through prepaid mobile phone cards using a landline. Mobile phone companies often offer special prefixes to dial before the number to use VoIP, which is extremely cheap, and a good quality call. Short-term mobile phone rental is also possible. Regular calls can always be made from the post office, and is cheap within Armenia, but a bit expensive for international calls. Try to find a phone office that uses the internet for much cheaper rates. Local calls can be made from kiosks or the rare payphone.
Phone numbers in Armenia are of the form 374 312 57659 where "374" is the country code for Armenia, the next 2-5 digits (starting with a 1, 2, 3 or 4 in the case of land lines) are the area code and the remaining 3 to 6 digits are the "local" part of the subscriber number that can be called from within that particular area code using abbreviated dialing.
Area codes starting with 6 have been assigned to Internet telephony service providers to provide non-geographically based numbers. Mobile phone numbers have two digit mobile prefixes denoting the original network and all begin with a 9 (Nagorno-Karabakh mobile networks that used to start with a 7 have now been re-numbered to 97).
You must dial "0" in front of the geographic area code from outside that particular area code (but when still within Armenia).
Mobile numbers in Armenia must always be dialed with all digits (including a "0" prefixing the "9n" from within Armenia), no matter where they are being called from. The 9n is a mobile prefix, not an "area code", as such and the second and sometimes third digits (the n part) des the original mobile network assigned. As is the case with most mobile numbers, they can also be called within or outside Armenia using the international format. Most Armenian toll-free numbers and Premium Rate Numbers can emas be called from outside Armenia. These numbers have the format 800-23-456.
Mobile phone providers
There are three GSM service providers operating in Armenia. It is strongly advised to acquire a temporary prepaid SIM card as they cheap and convenient, allowing both local and international calls, no charge for incoming calls and no monthly fee. Mobile internet and UMTS are also offered from all companies, as are the normal full range of wireless services.
VivaCell MTS has booths offering free SIM-Cards to incoming visitors at the airport. The majority of foreign visitors find their unlocked mobile phones compatible with Armenian SIM cards (GSM 900/1800). GSM coverage maps of Armenia.
- VivaCell MTS is the leading GSM service provider in Armenia and offers quality service at reasonable rates (owned by the Russian giant MTS). They have the best coverage outside of Yerevan. A VivaCell MTS pre-paid SIM card ("ALO" card) costs 1,100-7,000 dram, depending on how much starting credit you want. At their flagship store off of Republic Square, VivaCell MTS is very helpful to foreigners and will make sure that you understand everything in English, French or Russian. They offer very low prices for international calls from your phone via a VoIP (be sure to dial 77001 country code the number!); in fact, it is much cheaper per minute to call the US or Canada (13 dram) or Russia (30 dram) than it is to dial Armenian networks.
- Ucom is a local provider offers a pre-paid card called U!pre-paid. (Aug 2017)
- Beeline (formerly ArmenTel but have switched to the Russian brand) offers a pre-paid card for 1,000 dram.
VivaCell MTS and Beeline claim to cover 90% of the Armenian population with 2G services and up to 60% with their 3G services. All of these networks are rapidly growing and expanding their coverage of both 2G and 3G services.
VivaCell MTS has a 4G (LTE) network.