Butan - Bhutan

The Butan qirolligi (Dzongxa: འབྲུག་ ཡུལ་) - bu kichik mamlakat Himoloy o'rtasida Tibet va Hindiston. Ajoyib tabiiy manzaralardan tashqari, aksariyat mehmonlar uchun mamlakatning doimiy qiyofasi qirollikni bog'laydigan va uni yirik qo'shnilaridan aniq ajratib turadigan kuchli madaniyat va an'analardir. Butan dunyodagi yagona Vajrayana buddist millatidir va ushbu an'ananing chuqur ta'limoti saqlanib qolgan va hayotning barcha jabhalarida kuchli ta'sir ko'rsatmoqda.

Mintaqalar

Butan madaniy va geografik jihatdan uchta mintaqaga bo'linishi mumkin, ular yana 20 ta tumanga bo'linadi dzonghag (birlik va ko'plik):

Shaharlar

• 27.46666789.6416671 Timfu (Dzongxa: ཐིམ་ ཕུ) - poytaxt
• 27.5590.7333332 Jakar (Dzongkha: zhཀར) - Shimolda joylashgan ma'muriy shahar va Butanda buddizm vatani.
• 27.27591.243 Mongar (Dzongkha: zhསྒར) - Butan sharqidagi eng yirik shaharlardan biri.
• 27.43333389.4166674 Paro (Dzongkha: སྤ་ རོ་) - Xalqaro aeroport va Taktsang monastiri joylashgan joy.
• 27.61666789.8666675 Panaxa (Dzongkha: dསྤུ་ ན་ ཁ་) - Butanning sobiq qishki poytaxti, qishda esa Monastir tanasini qabul qiladi.
• 26.8589.3833336 Phuentsholing (Dzongkha: zhཚོགས་ng hགླིང་) - Hindiston chegarasida joylashgan shahar. Avtobusda kelgan sayohatchilar uchun kirish joyi Kolkata.
• 26.91666791.6166677 Samdrup Jongxar (Dzongkha: zhབསམ་ གྲུབ་ ལྗོངས་ མཁར་) - janubi-sharqda, Hindiston chegarasiga yaqin bo'lgan ma'muriy shahar.
• 27.33333391.5666678 Trashigang (Dzongxa: dབཀྲ་ ཤིས་ སྒང་ །) - Sharqdagi go'zal ma'muriy shahar.
• 27.51666790.59 Trongsa (Dzongkha: ཀྲོང་ གསར) - Dzong va Trongsa minorasi bilan mashhur bo'lgan kichik ma'muriy shahar.

Boshqa yo'nalishlar

Milliy bog'lar

• 27.7589.5166671 Jigme Dorji milliy bog'i
• 27.28272890.38442 Jigme Singye Vanchak milliy bog'i
• 26.89944490.7580563 Qirol Manas milliy bog'i
• 27.28305690.9777784 Phrumsengla milliy bog'i (Dzongxa: ཕྲུམ་ སེང་ རྒྱལ་ ཡོང་ གླིང་ ག)
• 27.81194490.6577785 Vangchak yuz yillik milliy bog'i

Yovvoyi tabiat qo'riqxonalari va qo'riqxonalari

• 27.79722291.4377786 Bumdeling yovvoyi tabiat qo'riqxonasi
• 27.7972222291.437777787 Jomotsangxa yovvoyi tabiat qo'riqxonasi
• 26.79805690.0447228 Phibsoo yovvoyi tabiat qo'riqxonasi
• 27.2891.959 Sakteng yovvoyi tabiat qo'riqxonasi
• 27.32944489.06333310 Jigme Khesar qat'iy qo'riqxonasi

Butandagi milliy bog'lar va qo'riqlanadigan hududlarning rasmiy veb-sayti: [1]

Tushuning

Himoloyda baland bo'lgan Butan dunyodagi yagona Vajrayana buddist mamlakati. Bundan tashqari, to'rtinchi podshohning intitivi sifatida u Yalpi milliy baxt falsafasini ishlab chiqdi, bu orqali rivojlanish nafaqat yalpi ichki mahsulotga asoslangan holda, farovonlikning yaxlit yondashuvi yordamida o'lchanadi. Ushbu filosofiya doirasida barcha fuqarolar bepul ta'lim va tibbiy yordam olishadi. Tamaki mahsulotlarini sotish taqiqlangan va jamoat joylarida chekish jazoga tortiladi.

Qirollikning asosiy daromad manbalari turizm, gidrotexnika va qishloq xo'jaligi hisoblanadi.

Madaniy jihatdan Butan asosan buddistlar Dzongxa milliy til sifatida (garchi mintaqaviy farqlar mavjud bo'lsa ham - masalan Sharxopxa, ichida ustun til Sharqiy Butan), va umumiy kiyim kodi va me'moriy uslub. Butan xalqi asosan G'arbiy Butan va Sharqiy Butan deb nomlangan Ngalops va Sharkoplardan va o'z navbatida kelib chiqishi nepal bo'lgan Lxotamfalardan (Janubiy Butan) iborat. Ngaloplar asosan mamlakatning g'arbiy qismida yashovchi butanliklardan iborat. Ularning madaniyati shimolga qo'shni Tibet bilan chambarchas bog'liq.

Yalpi milliy baxt

Yalpi milliy baxt mafkurasi qirol Jigme Singye Vangchak tomonidan yaratilgan bo'lib, u zamonaviy ta'lim olgan Hindiston va Buyuk Britaniya, faqat iqtisodiy muvaffaqiyatlar mazmunli va baxtli jamiyatga aylanib ketishi shart emasligini tushundi. Binobarin, 1974 yilda taxtga o'tirgandan so'ng, yosh shoh mamlakatni boshqarish bo'yicha yangi ko'rsatmalar to'plamini ishlab chiqish g'oyasini ilgari surishni boshladi. Sekin-asta bu g'oyalar shakllandi va 1998 yilda GNH ko'rsatkichi o'rnatildi. GNH "Yalpi milliy baxt" degan ma'noni anglatadi va quyidagi to'rtta maqsad bilan belgilanadi: iqtisodiy o'sish va rivojlanishni oshirish, madaniy merosni saqlash va targ'ib qilish, atrof-muhitdan barqaror foydalanishni rag'batlantirish va yaxshi boshqaruvni o'rnatish. GNH kontseptsiyasi xalqaro miqyosda maqtovga sazovor bo'lsa va sayyohlar uchun katta ahamiyatga ega bo'lsa-da, bu g'oya o'zining inkubatsiya bosqichida juda ko'p va mamlakatda GNH haqida juda kam dalillar mavjud.

2011 yil 19 iyulda 68 mamlakat Butan Qirolligiga qo'shilib, BMTning 193 a'zosi Bosh assambleyasi tomonidan konsensus asosida qabul qilingan «Baxt: taraqqiyotga yaxlit yondashuv sari» nomli rezolyusiyani qo'llab-quvvatladilar. Qarorni bajarish uchun Butan Qirollik hukumati 2012 yil 2 aprelda Birlashgan Millatlar Tashkilotining Nyu-Yorkdagi qarorgohida "Baxt va farovonlik: yangi iqtisodiy paradigmani belgilash" mavzusida yuqori darajadagi yig'ilishni chaqirdi. Ushbu uchrashuv iqtisodiy, ijtimoiy va ekologik maqsadlarni samarali birlashtirgan yangi farovonlik va barqarorlikka asoslangan iqtisodiy paradigma haqidagi tasavvurni amalga oshirish bo'yicha keyingi qadamlarni tashabbus qildi. Butan rezolyutsiyaning chempioni bo'lib qolmoqda va xalqaro miqyosda ushbu kontseptsiyani faol ravishda targ'ib qilmoqda.

Tarix

Birinchi odamlar muzlik davridan bir muncha vaqt o'tgach kelgan bo'lishi mumkin va Butanning tarixiy tarixi haqida kam narsa ma'lum. Tarixiy yozuvlar Buddizmning VII asrda Guru Rinpoche (Padmasambhava) Butanga tashrif buyurib, monastirlarni tashkil etishi bilan boshlangan.

1865 yilda Angliya va Butan Sinchulu shartnomasini imzoladilar, unga ko'ra Butan chegara hududlaridan bir qismini berib yuborish evaziga har yili subsidiya oladi. Angliya ta'siri ostida 1907 yilda monarxiya o'rnatildi; uch yil o'tgach, Angliya Butanning ichki ishlariga aralashmaslikka rozi bo'lgan va Butan Buyuk Britaniyaga tashqi ishlarini boshqarishga ruxsat bergan shartnoma imzolandi. Bu rolni 1947 yildan keyin mustaqil Hindiston o'z zimmasiga oldi. Ikki yildan so'ng rasmiy Hind-Butan kelishuvi Butanning inglizlar tomonidan qo'shib olingan hududlarini qaytarib berdi, mamlakat olgan yillik subsidiyalarni rasmiylashtirdi va Hindistonning mudofaa va tashqi aloqalardagi vazifalarini belgilab berdi.

2006 yil dekabrda qirol Jigme Singye Vangchak hokimiyatni o'zining to'ng'ich o'g'li, valiahd shahzoda Jigme Xesar Namgyel Vangchakka topshirdi va unga beshinchi Druk Gyalpo unvonini berdi. Taqdir marosimi 2008 yil noyabr oyida bo'lib o'tdi. Beshinchi qirol Boston va Oksfordda o'qigan va butun mamlakat bo'ylab katta hurmatga sazovor bo'lgan.

Guru Rinpoche Butanga baland bo'yli, to'qilgan shlyapa kiygan va ko'zlari ochiq va kosmosga tikilib qarab turgan odamning tasvirlarini ko'rmasdan uzoq yurish mumkin emas. Bu Vajrayana Buddizm, Padmasambhava yoki Guru Rinpoche 8-asrning buyuk donishmandidir. Afsonalarga ko'ra, Padmasambhava sakkiz yoshli bolaligida lotus guliga qaytgan va u juda yoshligidan buyuk donolik va aql-idrokka ega bo'lgan. Bundan tashqari, u elementlarni yaxshi bilar edi va shuning uchun asosiy loyni manipulyatsiya qilib, uni chiroyli idishlarga aylantiradigan kulol singari, zararli harakatlar va moddalarni ijobiy va foydali narsalarga aylantira oldi. Guru Rinpochening Butan bilan maxsus uyushmasi, u hozirgi nomi bilan tanilgan shaharga borganida boshlangan Jakar salbiy kuchlarni bo'ysundirish uchun mahalliy qirolning taklifiga binoan. Missiya muvaffaqiyatli bo'ldi va bu uchrashuvdan buddizm butun er yuziga tarqaldi. Buyuk donishmandning tanadagi nusxasi shu kungacha Jakardagi Kurjey Lxaxangda saqlanib kelinmoqda va u Butanning boshqa ko'plab muqaddas qadamjolari bilan ham bog'liqdir, ehtimol bu eng taniqli tog'da osilgan Taktshang monastiri Paro.

Ob-havo

Butanning ob-havosi shimoldan janubga va vodiydan vodiyga qarab o'zgaradi, asosan balandlikka qarab. Butanning shimolida Tibet bilan chegaralarda u ko'p yillik qor bilan qoplangan. Butanning g'arbiy, markaziy va sharqiy qismida (Xa, Paro, Timfu, Vandu, Trongsa, Bumtang, Trashi Yangtse, Lxuntse) siz asosan Evropaga o'xshash ob-havoni boshdan kechirasiz. Qish bu erda noyabrdan martgacha davom etadi. Punaxa istisno, chunki yozgi issiq va qish yoqimli quyi vodiyda. Hindiston bilan chegaradosh Janubiy Butan issiq va nam, subtropik iqlim bilan. Musson Shimoliy Hindistonga sezilarli ta'sir ko'rsatsa-da, Butan xuddi shunday ta'sirga ega emas. Yoz oylari asosan kechqurun yakkama-yakka yomg'ir bilan namlanadi. Qish eng quruq davr, bahor va kuz esa yoqimli bo'ladi.

G'arbiy Evropaning bo'linishlariga o'xshash to'rt xil fasl mavjud. Uzoq janubda harorat qishda 15 ° C dan (dekabrdan fevralgacha) yozda 30 ° C gacha (iyun-avgust). Timfuda yanvar -2,5 ° C dan avgustda 25 ° C gacha, yog'ingarchilik darajasi esa 100 mm. Baland tog'li mintaqalarda o'rtacha harorat qishda 0 ° C, yozda esa 10 ° C ga etishi mumkin, o'rtacha 350 mm yomg'ir yog'ishi mumkin. Yog'ingarchilik balandligi bilan sezilarli darajada o'zgarib turadi va o'rtacha yog'ingarchilik har mintaqada o'zgarib turadi.

Qachon tashrif buyurish kerak

Butanga tashrif buyurish uchun eng yaxshi vaqt - bahor va qish mavsumi. Bahorda (martdan iyungacha) jakaranda va rhododendron daraxtlari gullab-yashnagan holda ko'rish mumkin. Qishda (oktyabrdan dekabrgacha) Butan bilan chegaradosh qorli Himoloy tizmasi to'siqsiz ko'rinishga ega bo'lib, ozgina yomg'ir yog'maydi va ochiq osmon tufayli.

Milliy bayramlar

Butan bayramlari Kagyu buddizmining Drukpa nasabidan, Vangchak uyidan va Tibet taqvimidan kelib chiqadi. Biroq, dunyoviy bayramlarda ham diniy ma'no bor, chunki diniy xoreografiya va barakalar bu xayrli kunlarni belgilaydi.

• 2 yanvar - Qishki quyosh (G'arbiy Butanda tantanali)
• Yanvar / fevral(Tibet taqvimida 12-oyning 1-kuni) - An'anaviy takliflar kuni (och jonzotlarga ovqat taklif qilish kuni - Sharqiy Butanda yangi yil sifatida nishonlanadi)
• 21-23 fevral - HM ning beshinchi qiroli Jigme Xesar Namgyal Vangchakning tug'ilgan yilligi
• Fevral yoki mart (Tibet kalendarida 1-oyning 1-kuni) - Butan / Tibet Yangi Yili (losar)
• 2 may - Uchinchi qirol Jigme Dorji Vangchakning tug'ilgan yilligi
• Aprel yoki may (Tibet kalendarida 4-oyning 10-kuni) - Shabdrung Kuchoe (milodiy 1651 yilda Shabdrung Ngawang Namgyalning vafot etganligini eslaydi)
• May yoki iyun (Tibet kalendarida 4-oyning 15-kuni) - Lord Buddaning Parnirvanasini xotirlash.
• Iyun yoki iyul (Tibet kalendarida 5-oyning 10-kuni) - Guru Rinpochening tug'ilgan yilligi
• Iyul yoki avgust (Tibet kalendarida 7-oyning 4-kuni) - Lord Buddaning birinchi va'zi (Dharma g'ildiragini burish)
• 'Sentyabr (aniqlanmagan) - Timfu Drubxen (Faqat Timfu uchun)
• Sentyabr (aniqlanmagan) - muborak yomg'irli kun
• Sentyabr yoki oktyabr (Hind taqvimi bo'yicha 6-oyning 1-kuni (Ashvin)) - hindlarning marosimi Dashain
• Sentyabr yoki oktyabr (aniqlanmagan) - Timfu Tshechu (faqat Thimphu)
• 1-noyabr (sobit emas) - Qirol hazratlarining tantanali kuni
• 11-noyabr - Butanning 4-qiroli Jigme Singye Vanchakning tug'ilgan yilligi, Konstitutsiya kuni
• Noyabr (Tibet kalendarida 10-oyning 22-kuni) - Lord Buddaning tushayotgan kuni
• 17 dekabr - Butanning birinchi merosxo'r qiroli Ugyen Vangchakning 1907 yilgi tantanali marosimiga bag'ishlangan Milliy kun

Yuqorida sanab o'tilgan milliy bayramlardan tashqari, Tshechu bayramlari ham mintaqaviy ravishda nishonlanadi.

O'qing va tomosha qiling

• Sayohatchilar va sehrgarlar, Butanning xalqaro miqyosda tan olingan birinchi badiiy filmi 2003 yilda suratga olingan va Butan hayotini namoyish etadi.
• Osmon va Yerdan tashqarida (sotib olish) - Jeymi Zeppa Butandagi maktablarda yosh kanadalik o'qituvchisi bo'lgan tajribasi haqida yozadi - juda qiziqarli va mazmunli.
• Qarg'a toji (sotib olish) - Butanda buddaviy monarxiyaning kelib chiqishi haqida Maykl Arisning kitobi.
• Karma doirasi - taniqli mahalliy muallif Kunzang Chodenning ajoyib romani - Butan ayollari hayoti haqida tushuncha.

Manzillar

Butanda manzillar mavjud emas, ammo Timfu singari katta shaharlarda ko'chalar nomlari berilgan, ular qo'shimchadan oldin keladi. lam, ko'cha yoki yo'l degan ma'noni anglatadi. Misol tariqasida, Timfudagi asosiy ko'cha - Norzin Lam. Monastirlar o'ziga xos nomlari bilan, so'ngra Dzongxadagi monastir yoki ma'bad so'zi bilan ataladi - Lxaxang yoki Goempa (Gompa). Masalan, Xurjey Lxaxang - Jakardagi mashhur monastir.

Chiqinglar

Butan ulardan bittasiga ega dunyodagi eng cheklovli viza siyosati, va mamlakatga sayohat hukumatning "Yuqori ta'sir, past qiymatli turizm" sxemasi bo'yicha yuqori darajada tartibga solingan. Shunga muvofiq, deyarli barcha millatlar viza olishlari shart, vatandoshlaridan tashqari Hindiston, Bangladesh, va Maldiv orollari.

Vizalar

Barcha sayyohlar o'z sayohatlarini mahalliy litsenziyalangan turoperator (yoki xalqaro sherik) orqali bron qilishlari shart. Vizalar onlayn ravishda mahalliy sayyohlik operatoringiz tomonidan amalga oshiriladi va Butan elchixonasi yoki konsulligiga tashrif buyurishingiz shart emas. Sizning ta'tilingiz pul o'tkazmasi orqali to'liq to'lanishi kerak Butan turizm kengashi sayyohlik vizasi berilishidan oldin hisob. To'liq to'lov olingandan so'ng, vizalarni rasmiylashtirish 72 soatdan oshmaydi. Viza to'lovi kirish uchun 40 AQSh dollarini tashkil etadi, siz uni sayohat paketingiz bilan sotib olishingiz kerak. Kirish joyida viza pasportingizda muhrlanadi. Vizalarni uzaytirishni mahalliy sayyohlik operatori orqali Nu510 (1 Ngultrum = 1 hind rupisi) narxida olish mumkin, shuningdek, sayyoh qo'shimcha kunlar uchun kunlik tarifga amal qiladi.

Vizalar sizning ta'tilingiz to'liq to'langanligi to'g'risida beriladi Butan turizm kengashi, va belgilangan stavkalar odatda yiliga qarab kuniga 250 AQSh dollarini tashkil etadi / kishi / kun. Pul mahalliy sayyohlik operatori to'languniga qadar sizning mamlakatingizga sayohat tugagunga qadar Turizm Kengashida qoladi. Butan sayyohlar sonini endi cheklamaydi va ochiq eshik siyosatini olib boradi.

Butanga sayohat deyarli har doim Bangladesh, Hindistonda kamida bitta parvoz o'zgarishini talab qiladi, Nepal, Singapur yoki Tailand, tranzit qilishdan oldin ushbu mamlakatlarning viza talablariga javob berishini ta'minlash. Nepal va Tailand ko'plab millatlar uchun kelish paytida vizalarni taqdim etishadi yoki vizadan voz kechishadi. Hindiston odatda viza olish tartib-qoidalarini kelishdan oldin to'ldirishni talab qiladi va bu ikki haftagacha davom etishi mumkin.

Butanga kirish uchun ruxsatnoma - hindistonlik sayyohlar uchun

Faqatgina Hindiston, Bangladesh va Maldiv fuqarolari uchun vizalar kirish paytida beriladi. Fotosurat va haqiqiy pasport (yoki hindistonlik fuqarolar uchun faqat saylovchilarning shaxsiy guvohnomalari) talab qilinadi (ikkalasining ham nusxasi). Hujjatni "Turizm" maqsadi bilan to'ldiring. Qurilishni kesib o'tishda sizga atigi 7 kun beriladi Paro va Timfu. Vaqtni uzaytirish uchun Norzin Lamning shimoliy qismida joylashgan Immigratsiya idorasida Timfuda murojaat qiling. Boshqa tumanlarga tashrif buyurish uchun yo'l idoralariga shu idorada murojaat qilishingiz kerak bo'ladi. Ular eng yaxshisi ertalab qo'llaniladi va siz tushdan keyin hujjatni qabul qilasiz. Agar siz pasportisiz mudofaa xodimi bo'lsangiz yoki yuqorida ko'rsatilgan qabul qilingan uchta shaxsiy guvohnomasiz talaba bo'lsangiz, Hindiston konsulligidan shaxsingizni tasdiqlovchi hujjatni taqdim etishingizni so'rab murojaat qilishingiz mumkin, ammo bu vaqt talab etadi.

Butun mintaqaviy sayyohlar (Bangladesh, Hindiston va Maldiv fuqarolari) Butanga kirishdan oldin marshrutga ruxsat olishlari shart. Mintaqaviy sayyohlar Butan uchun ruxsat olishlari shart, chunki Butanga kirish uchun viza olishlari shart emas. Butanga havo orqali kiradigan mintaqaviy sayyoh Paro xalqaro aeroportida kirish huquqini olishi mumkin.

Kirish uchun ruxsatnoma nima?

Butanga avtoulov orqali kiradigan mintaqaviy sayyoh Kirish uchun ruxsat olishlarini so'rab, Butandagi har bir nazorat punktida ishlab chiqarishni so'raydi. Kirish uchun ruxsatnomalar Phuntsholing shahridagi Immigratsiya idorasidan olinadi. Immigratsiya idorasi ish kunlari soat 08:00 dan 16:00 gacha ishlaydi va shanba, yakshanba va dam olish kunlari yopiladi. Tushlik soat BST 13:00 dan 14:00 gacha. BST ISTdan 30 daqiqa oldinda.

Kirish nuqtalari

Butanga quruqlik orqali kirish uchun 3 ball mavjud.

Phuntsholing (g'arbiy Butan) Gelefu (Butanning markaziy qismida) Samdrup jongxar (Butan sharqida)

Barcha kirish punktlari kirish ruxsatidan foydalanish uchun bir xil protsedurani talab qiladi.

Kirish ruxsatnomasini olish uchun qanday hujjatlar talab qilinadi?

• Pasport nusxasi / Saylovchining shaxsiy guvohnomasi 2-fotosurat (Iltimos, asl nusxasini tasdiqlash uchun olib keling). Haqiqiy pasportga ega bo'lmagan 18 yoshdan kichik bolalar uchun Tug'ilganlik to'g'risidagi guvohnoma va maktab guvohnomasi talab qilinadi. (Ikkalasi ham maktabga boradigan bolada talab qilinadi).
• Mehmonxonalarni tasdiqlash vauceri. Butanga tashrif buyuradigan barcha sayyohlar tegishli manzilga ega ekanligiga ishonch hosil qilish uchun. Shunday qilib, kelishdan oldin mehmonxonani bron qiling va Butanga kirishdan oldin mehmonxonangiz sizga tasdiqlash voucherini yuboring.

Phuntsholingda immigratsiya rasmiylari tomonidan berilgan Kirish uchun ruxsatnoma faqat Timfu va Paroda sayohat qilish uchun amal qiladi. Thimphuga etib kelganingizdan so'ng, Punaxa kabi Timphu va Paro-dan boshqa joylarga tashrif buyurish uchun maxsus hududga ruxsat olish uchun murojaat qilishingiz kerak.

Timfuga etib borganingizdan so'ng, Timfudagi Immigratsiya idorasiga marshrutga ruxsatnomangizning nusxasini oling va Maxsus hududga ruxsat olish uchun murojaat qiling. Siz yana bir shaklni to'ldirishingiz va o'zingizning marshrutga ruxsatnomangizni ilova qilishingiz kerak. Uzaytirish uchun ruxsatnomalarni 1 soatdan keyin o'sha idoradan olishingiz mumkin. Agar siz o'zingizning transport vositangizni boshqarayotgan bo'lsangiz, Lutenzampa maktabi / avtobus to'xtash joyi yonidagi RSTA (Yo'l harakati xavfsizligi va transport idorasi) ning kengaytirilgan ruxsatnomasidan foydalanishingiz kerak.

Aadhar Cards endi Butanga kirish uchun ruxsat olish uchun qabul qilinmaydi. Agar sizda tegishli sayohat hujjati (pasport / saylovchilar guvohnomasi) bo'lmasa, siz Hindistonning Fuentsholingdagi konsullik idorasiga murojaat qilishingiz va hind fuqaroligini tasdiqlovchi hujjat bilan "identifikatsiya varag'i" ga murojaat qilishingiz kerak. Agar siz o'zingizning transport vositangizni boshqarayotgan bo'lsangiz, transport vositasi uchun ruxsatnomadan ham foydalanishingiz kerak. Ushbu transport vositasi ruxsatidan foydalanish uchun haydovchilik guvohnomasini tayyorlang.

Oldindan onlayn ruxsatnoma

Butanga kirish uchun onlayn ruxsatnomadan foydalanish mumkin. Siz kamida 3 yulduzli mehmonxonani bron qilishingiz kerak, va sizning sayohatingizga ekskursiya ko'rsatmasi hamroh bo'lishi kerak. Butanga mahalliy sayyohlik operatori bilan sayohat qilishingiz kerak. Sizning sayyohlik operatoringiz sayohatdan oldin siz uchun onlayn ruxsatnomani qo'llasin. Onlayn ruxsatnoma shuningdek, sayohatning aniq sanasidan 6 oy oldin eng kam amal qilish muddati bo'lgan Pasportga ega bo'lishingizni buyuradi. Saylovchilarning kartalari / adhar kartalari qabul qilinmaydi.

Kirish uchun ruxsatnomani olish tartibi

Odatda barcha rasmiy ishlarni bajarish va ruxsat olish uchun 30 daqiqa vaqt ketadi. Siz anketani to'ldirishingiz, fotosuratlaringizni ilova qilishingiz va birinchi peshtaxtada topshirishingiz kerak. Sizning ismingiz keyingi peshtaxtada chaqiriladi, sizning ismingiz keyingi peshtaxtada chaqirilgandan so'ng, rasmingizni bosish va barmoq izlari bilan ta'minlash uchun u erga etib borishingiz kerak. Kirish ruxsatnomangizni muhr bosilgan va imzosi qo'yilgan uchinchi peshtaxtadan olishingiz mumkin. Dushanba kunlari ko'proq vaqt talab qilishi mumkin, chunki dam olish kunlari ofis yopiq qoladi.

Ruxsatning amal qilish muddati

Kirish uchun ruxsatnoma va maxsus hudud uchun ruxsatnoma maksimal 7 kun davomida amal qiladi va agar siz 7 kundan ko'proq vaqt sarflamoqchi bo'lsangiz, yana Thimphu-dagi Immigratsiya idorasiga tashrif buyurishingiz va yashash muddatini uzaytirish to'g'risida ariza berishingiz kerak. Uzaytirish uchun talab qilinadigan hujjatlar: Kirish uchun ruxsatnomaning asl nusxasi, 1 fotosurat.

Paroda immigratsiya idorasi mavjud bo'lsa-da, ammo kengaytmalar faqat Timphu immigratsiya idorasida taqdim etiladi.

Thimphu-dagi immigratsiya idorasi sizning yashash muddatingizni uzaytirish yoki taqiqlangan hududlarga ruxsat olish uchun.

Kirish uchun ruxsatnomani olmaganlik uchun jarimalar.

Barcha marshrutlarda immigratsion tekshiruv punktlari mavjud va sizning kirish va kengayish pasportlarini kirish paytida ham, qaytishda ham muhr bilan ta'minlash sizning zimmangizda. Agar siz pasportingizga muhr bosishni sog'inib qolsangiz, juda katta jarima (har kuni) va shuningdek, sizning ruxsatnomalaringiz rasmiylar tomonidan tortib olinishi ehtimoli mavjud. Shunday qilib, iltimos, ushbu kirish punktlarida kirish va chiqish paytida to'xtab turing.

Dochula dovoniga etib borishdan oldin sizning maxsus hududga ruxsatnomangiz Hongtshoda tekshiriladi. Shunday qilib, iltimos, hech qanday noqulaylik tug'dirmaslik uchun kerakli kengaytmalarni oldindan olishingizga ishonch hosil qiling.

Kirish uchun ruxsatnomani olish uchun to'lov

O'zingizni qiynab qo'ymaslik uchun mahalliy agentni yollamasangiz, kirish uchun ruxsatnoma, maxsus maydon yoki transport vositalariga ruxsat olish uchun hech qanday xarajat yo'q.

Sayohatingiz davomida ruxsatnomalaringizni saqlang.

Siz Butanda bo'lganingizda muhim hujjat bo'lib, uni doimo yoningizda saqlashingiz kerak. Shaharlar bo'ylab sayohat qilish paytida turli immigratsiya punktlarida tekshiriladi, shuningdek Paro, Punaxa va Timfu Dzongs va Tiger's Nest monastiri kabi barcha muhim Dzonglar va monastirlarga kirish kerak.

Ruxsatnomani yo'q qilish

Safar oxirida, kirish uchun ruxsatnoma va kengaytmalarni chiqish paytida oxirgi immigratsiya nuqtasida topshirishingiz kerak.

Turistik tarif

The Butan Turizm Kengashi mamlakatga kiradigan barcha sayyohlar uchun kunlik tarifni boshqaradi. Butanga ushbu tarifni to'lamasdan turist sifatida kirish mumkin emas, agar siz Hindiston, Bangladesh va Maldiv fuqarosi bo'lmasangiz.

Kundalik tarif quyidagilarni o'z ichiga oladi:

• Minimal 3 yulduzli turar joy - Hashamatli mehmonxonalar qo'shimcha haq talab qilishi mumkin
• Barcha ovqatlar - nonushta, tushlik, kechki ovqat
• Turar joy uchun litsenziyalangan Butanning ekskursiya qo'llanmasi
• Barcha ichki transport - har qanday ichki reyslar bundan mustasno
• Lager uskunalari va trekking turlari uchun yuk tashish
• Barcha ichki soliqlar va to'lovlar
• 65 AQSh dollari miqdoridagi royalti (tarif narxiga kiritilgan)

Minimal tarif (3 kishidan iborat guruh uchun):

• Mart, aprel, may, sentyabr, oktyabr va noyabr oylari davomida bir kecha uchun 250 AQSh dollari.
• Yanvar, fevral, iyun, iyul, avgust va dekabr oylari davomida bir kishi uchun bir kecha uchun 200 AQSh dollari.

Narxlar har bir turistga to'g'ri keladi tungi to'xtash Butan shahrida. Ikki yoki undan kam guruhlarga amal qilinadigan eng kam kunlik stavkalardan yuqori qo'shimcha haq olinadi:

• Shaxsiy, bir kecha uchun 40 AQSh dollari
• 2 kishi, bir kecha uchun kishi boshiga 30 AQSh dollari.

5 yoshgacha bo'lgan bolalar uchun to'lov olinmaydi. 6 yoshdan 12 yoshgacha bo'lgan bolalarga ota-onalar yoki ularning vasiylari hamrohligida kunlik stavkalarga 50% chegirma va royalti uchun 100% chegirma beriladi. 25 yoshdan kichik bo'lgan, kunduzgi o'qish talabalariga, o'zlarining ilmiy muassasalaridan haqiqiy shaxsiy guvohnomalarini olib kelganlar, shuningdek, kunlik stavkalarga 25% chegirma beriladi. 11 dan 15 kishigacha bo'lgan guruhdagi bir kishiga kunlik stavkalarga 50% chegirma beriladi. 16 kishidan oshgan guruhning bitta a'zosiga 100% chegirma beriladi.

8-kechadan keyin royalti uchun 50% chegirma va 14-kechadan keyin 100% chegirma taqdim etiladi.

Bu Sayohat xarajatlari kalkulyatori Butanga sayohat uchun aniq tarifni hisoblash va qaytarish uchun yuqoridagi shartlardan foydalanadi.

Tarif narxlarini pasaytirish noqonuniy hisoblanadi va pasaytirilganligi aniqlangan har qanday turoperatorlarning litsenziyasi bekor qilinadi.

Butan fuqarosi tomonidan taklifnomani olish mamlakatga tashrif buyurishning yagona variantidir, bu erda ariza berishda yoki nodavlat tashkilot orqali munosabatlarni tasdiqlovchi hujjat taqdim etilishi kerak.

Hindiston, Bangladesh va Maldiv fuqarolari minimal tarif talablaridan ozod qilingan. Shuningdek, ular turizm uchun royalti to'lovlarini va ayrim soliqlarni kunlik tarifning bir qismini to'lamaydilar.

Samolyotda

Paro xalqaro aeroporti (PBH ^IATA) mamlakatning janubi-g'arbiy qismida poytaxt yaqinida joylashgan Butanga havo yo'li bilan kirish uchun yagona nuqta Timfu. Bayroq tashuvchi Druk Air yo'nalishlarga uchadigan 2 ta Airbus-ni boshqaradi Bangkok yilda Tailand; Dehli, Mumbay, Kolkata, Bodx Gaya/ Gaya, Bagdogra, Guvaxati yilda Hindiston; Katmandu yilda Nepal; Dakka yilda Bangladesh va Singapur. Butan aviakompaniyasi Bangkokga kunlik reyslarni taklif etadi. Paro aeroportiga aviatsiya ixlosmandlari uchun tog'li vodiy orqali past balandlikda uchishni o'z ichiga olganligi sababli dunyodagi eng qiyin yo'llardan biri hisoblanadi.

Boshqa variant Bagdogra aeroporti (IXB ^IATA), xizmat ko'rsatuvchi shahar Siliguri qo'shni Hindiston shtatida G'arbiy Bengal. Bagdogra Butan bilan chegaradosh Phuentsholing shahridan to'rt soatlik yo'l. Bagdogra Hindistonning yirik shaharlaridan tez-tez uchib turadi va Druk Air kamida haftada Bangkokdan parvozlarni amalga oshiradi.

Mashinada

Faqatgina Hindistonning janubiy chegarasi bo'ylab uchta quruqlik chegarasi joylashgan. G'arbda Phuntsholing, markaziy mintaqada Gelefu va sharqda Samdrup Jongxar. Xitoyning shimoliy chegarasi bo'ylab chegara o'tish punktlari ochiq emas. Yo'l harakati uchun ruxsatnoma ham talab qilinadi; ammo, bu sizning vizangiz bilan birga mahalliy sayyohlik operatoringiz tomonidan ko'rib chiqiladi.

Avtobusda

• Kimdan Kolkata: Butan qirolligi hukumati xizmat ko'rsatmoqda Phuentsholing. Ushbu avtobuslar Kalkutadan ketishadi Esplanade avtobus bekati seshanba, payshanba va shanba soat 19:00 da va Phuentsholing Butan pochtasi dushanba, chorshanba va juma kunlari soat 15:00 da. Sayohat taxminan 18 soat davom etadi va ₹ / Nu 300 turadi. Avtobuslar qulay, ammo Kalkuttagacha bo'lgan katta magistral yo'l oyning yuzasiga o'xshash bo'lgani uchun, yo'lda ko'p uxlashdan qo'rqmang.
• Kimdan Siliguri: Avtobuslar har kuni soat 07:30 va 13:30 da Burdvan yo'lidagi Golden Plazaning qarama-qarshi tomonidan (Air View More orqasida) jo'nab ketadi Phuentsholing. Chiptalar avtobus yonidagi peshtaxtada sotiladi va sayohat to'rt soat davom etadi.
• Phuentsholingdan: Avtobus bekatidan har yarim soatda soat 16: 00gacha jo'naydigan shaxsiy avtobuslar mavjud. Umumiy taksilarni avtovokzal yaqinidan ham olish mumkin.

Poyezdda

Butan temir yo'llari yo'q. Eng yaqin variantlar (ikkalasi ham Hindistonda):

• Xasimara Kolkata / Siliguri magistral yo'lidan Assamga 17 km uzoqlikda joylashgan Phuentsholingga eng yaqin temir yo'l stantsiyasi. Indian Rail tomonidan # 13149 va # 4084-sonli poezd bu erda to'xtaydi. 2010 yildan boshlab Yangi Jalpaiguri / Siliguridan Phuentsholinggacha bo'lgan yo'lning ba'zi qismlari juda yomon ahvolda. Poyezdda sayohatni Xasimaraga qadar uzaytirish Butan uchun tetikligingizni saqlab qoladi.
• Yangi Jalpaiguri stantsiyasi (NJP) in Siliguri Butanga quruqlik bilan boradigan sayohatchilar uchun mashhur tanlovdir. NJP-dan Jaigaonga to'g'ridan-to'g'ri umumiy taksilar mavjud yoki Siliguri avtovokzalidan avtobuslar tanlovi mavjud. Vokzal va avtovokzal o'rtasida taksi narxi ₹ 80 gacha. Shu bilan bir qatorda siz Xosimaraga mahalliy poezdda borishingiz mumkin, uning narxi ₹ 40 atrofida va 3 soat davom etadi. NJP poezdlarini oldindan buyurtma qilish kerak, chunki bu mahalliy aholi orasida mashhur stantsiya. Ushbu stantsiyadan sayyohlik kvotasi bilan ketadigan poezdlar yo'q.

Atrofga boring

Butan atrofida sayohat qilish uchun marshrut ruxsatnomalari talab qilinadi va aksariyat tumanlarning sharqida va shimolida nazorat punktlari mavjud Timfu davom etish uchun siz ushbu hujjatlarni taqdim etishingiz kerak bo'lgan joyda. Yo'nalish bo'yicha ruxsatnomalar sizning vizangizga murojaat qilganingizda mahalliy turoperatoringiz tomonidan ko'rib chiqiladi. Ushbu ruxsatnomalar immigratsiya idorasi tomonidan beriladi Timfu (Norzin Lamning shimoliy uchi).

Samolyotda

Butanning burilishli yo'llari bilan kurashish uchun samolyotlarga sayohat tez va nisbatan xavfsiz alternativa hisoblanadi, ammo jadvallar siyrak va shlyapa tushganda reyslar bekor qilinadi. Druk Air va Butan Airways (aka Tashi Air) Paro (Thimphu) dan Yongphula aeroportiga uchishadi Trashigang va Bathpalathang aeroporti Jakar, Bumthang mintaqa va to Gelefu Hindiston chegarasiga yaqin, janubiy markaziy mintaqada.

Avtobusda yoki avtoulovda

Mamlakatni kesib o'tadigan yo'llar burilishlari, burilishlari va tik qiyaliklari bilan ajralib turadi, ammo relyefi qiyin bo'lganiga qaramay, ular odatda juda yaxshi saqlanadi va xavfsizdir. Mahalliy va tumanlararo avtobus qatnovlari unchalik qulay emas va tez-tez to'xtab turishadi. Sizning mahalliy sayyohlik operatoringiz sizning yashash muddati davomida transport vositasi va haydovchini taqdim etadi. Ushbu narx kunlik tarifga kiritilgan. Shu bilan birga, mahalliy yoki tumanlararo avtobus yoki taksida sayohat qilishni ham tashkil qilish mumkin. Butan hududida faqat tog'li hududlarda haydash tajribasi bo'lgan taqdirda haydash tavsiya etiladi. Yo'l qoplamasining sifati cheksiz tog'li soch tolasi burmalarida o'zgaruvchan. Sayohat kasalligi uchun planshetlarni qadoqlash tavsiya etiladi.

Avtostop

Butan shaharlari o'rtasida harakatlanadigan jamoat transporti kamdan-kam uchraganligi sababli, hitching atrofida aylanishning juda keng tarqalgan usuli. Havo belgisidagi bosh barmog'i aniqlanmaydi va to'xtash uchun o'tayotgan transport vositasini bayrog'iga qo'yishingiz kerak bo'ladi. Ba'zi haydovchilar o'zlarining daromadlarini to'ldirish vositasi sifatida yo'lovchilarni olib ketishganligi sababli, transport vositasidan chiqqanda to'lovni taklif qilish odat tusiga kiradi (bu miqdor taxminan masofaga bog'liq, ammo bu avtobusda sayohat qilish narxi bilan taqqoslanadi). Biroq, haydovchilarning aksariyati hech narsani talab qilmaydi va shunchaki biron bir kompaniya va yangi do'st topish imkoniyatidan mamnun. Agar siz juda ko'p to'siq qo'yishni rejalashtirmoqchi bo'lsangiz (va ba'zi qishloq joylarda bu erda aylanib o'tishning boshqa usuli yo'q), haydovchilarga o'z minnatdorchiligingizni bildirish uchun bir nechta kichik sovg'alarni olib qo'yganingiz ma'qul.

Yo'llar

Tog'li hudud tufayli yo'llar tez-tez to'sib qo'yiladi tosh qulaydi yozgi mavsumda. Shu sababli, iyun oyining boshidan avgust oyining oxirigacha uzoq masofalarga sayohat qilishdan saqlanish yaxshidir. Ammo, agar siz hozirda sayohat qilishingiz kerak bo'lsa, unda xuddi shunday qilib mo'l miqdorda shisha suv va gazaklarni olib yuring ko'chki Bu yo'lni tozalash uchun biroz vaqt ketishi mumkin.

3750 m balandlikda, orqali o'tgan yo'l qismi Thrumshingla dovoni ulanish Bumthang va Mongar mamlakatdagi eng baland va ajoyib manzaralarni taqdim etadi. Biroq, vodiyning tik tomonlari tufayli u toshlar qulashiga ayniqsa sezgir, shuning uchun nam vaqtlarda, ayniqsa uzoq vaqt kutishga tayyor bo'ling.

Qarang

Sayyohlarning aksariyati muhim yo'nalishlarga tashrif buyuradigan joyda "madaniy sayohatlar" o'tkazadilar. Paro, Timfu, Panaxa, Fobjixava Jakar mashhur yo'nalishlar. Keyinchalik, o'rganilmagan Zhemgang mintaqasi (qushlar jannati, yovvoyi tabiatni tomosha qilish ajoyib joyi) va Sharqiy Butan endigina turizm uchun ochildi. Agar siz avantyurist bo'lsangiz va Butan sharqida o'rganilmagan joyni o'rganishni istasangiz, bu siz uchun joy. Mamlakatning ushbu noyob va hali qo'l tegmagan qismi so'nggi tajribani taqdim etadi.

Monastirlar

Taktsang monastiri (Yo'lbars uyasi), Paro. Bu dunyodagi buddistlarning eng muhim joylaridan biri bo'lib, Guru Rinpoche 8-asrda Butanga ikkinchi tashrifida tashrif buyurgan. Bu Butandagi eng taniqli va tashrif buyurilgan yodgorlik. Taxminlarga ko'ra, u qanotli yo'lbarsning orqasida kelgan, shuning uchun "Tigers Nest" nomi berilgan. Ma'bad 1200 metrlik jarlik ustiga qurilgan va 1692 yilda qurilgan.

Yuzlab monastirlar eng toza va eng chekka hududlarda joylashgan.

Kurje Lxaxang, Jakar. G'or atrofida qurilgan ibodatxona, devorga o'rnatilgan Guru Rinpochaning tanasi bosilgan. Guru Rinpoche Butanga birinchi tashrifida meditatsiya bilan shug'ullangan va shuning uchun bu mamlakatdagi eng qadimgi buddaviy yodgorlikdir.

Budda Dordenma is a gigantic Shakyamuni Buddha statue in Thimphu. The statue houses over one hundred thousand smaller Buddha statues, each of which, like the Buddha Dordenma itself, are made of bronze and gilded in gold. The Buddha Dordenma is located among the ruins of Kuensel Phodrang, the palace of Sherab Wangchuck, the thirteenth Desi Druk, overlooking the southern approach to Thimphu. At a height of 169 feet (51.5 m) it is one of the largest Buddha rupas in the world.

Dzongs (fortresses)

The dzongs are ancient fortresses that now serve as the civil and monastic administration headquarters of each district. Apart from the architecture, which in itself makes a dzong worth visiting, they also hold many art treasures.

Dzongs dot the countryside and were built without the use of cement, nails or plans. Dzongs in Bhutan you can visit are:

• Punakha Dzong
• Trongsa Dzong
• Jakar Dzong
• Lhuentse Dzong
• Simtokha Dzong
• Gasa Dzong
• Rinpung Dzong
• Tashichho Dzong - Buddhist monastery and fortress on the northern edge of Thimpu; traditional seat of the Druk Desi (or "Dharma Raja"), the head of Bhutan's civil government (synonymous with the king since 1907) and summer capital
• Kagyu-Dzong
• Lingzhi Yügyal Dzong
• Drukgyal Dzong
• Changchukha Dzong
• Tsechen Monastery and Dzong
• Shongar Dzong
• Singye Dzong

Trekking

Trekking is also extremely popular. The Druk path is the most commonly trekked from Paro, to the capital Thimphu. However, many other more impressive treks are available, see the complete list below. The Jomolhari, and Laya Gasa trek are also very popular and the Snowman Trek is reported to be one of the toughest treks in the world, taking an approximately 30 days. The recommended season for this trek is mid-June to mid-October.

Other treks include:

• Bumthang Cultural Trek. 
• Bumthang Owl Trek. 
• Chelela Trek
• Dagala Thousand Lakes Trek. 
• Dongla Trek
• Druk Path Trek. 
• Dur Hot Spring Trek. 
• Gangjula Trek
• Gangkar Puensum
• Gantey Trek. 
• Jomolhari Trek. 
• Laya Gasa Trek. 
• Lingmithang – Zhemgang Trek
• Merak-Sakteng
• Nabji Korphu Community Based Trek. 
• Nubtsona Pata Trek
• Punakha Winter Trek. 
• Rigsum Goenpa Trek
• Royal Heritage Trek
• Sagala Trek
• Samtengang Trek. 
• Sinchula Trek. 
• Gantey Trek. 
• Snowman Trek. 
• Wild East Rodungla Trek. 

Scenery

Bhutan's pristine environment offers ecosystem which are rich and diverse, due to its location and great geographical and climatic variations, Bhutan’s high, rugged mountains and valleys boast spectacular biodiversity, earning it a name as one of the world’s ten most important biodiversity hotspots.

Recognizing the importance of environment, conservation of its rich biodiversity is one of its development paradigms. The government has decreed that 60% of its forest resources will be maintained for all time by law. Today, 72% of the total land area is under forest cover and 26% is protected in four parks.

35% of Bhutan is made up of protected national parks. Namely, Jigme Singye Wangchuck National Park (1,300 km²), TrumshingLa National Park (768 km²), Royal Manas National Park (9,938.54 km²), Jigme Dorji National Park (4,349 km²), Bumdeling Wildlife Sanctuary (1,545 km²) and Sakteng Wildlife Sanctuary (650 km²).

Bayramlar

Festivals or Tshechu (“tenth day”) are another major draw card to Bhutan and are held every year in various temples monasteries and dzongs across the country. The Tshechu is mainly a religious event celebrated on tenth day of a month of lunar calendar corresponding to the birth day of Guru Rinpoche (Guru Padmasambhava). However the month of Tshechu depends place to place and temple to temple.

Tshechus are large social gatherings where people from various villages come together to witness the religious mask dances which are based on incidents from as long as 8th century from the life of Guru Padmasambhava and to receive blessings from lamas. The event also consists of colourful Bhutanese dances and other entertainments.

It is said that everyone must attend a Tshechu and witness the mask dances at least once to receive the blessings and wash away the sins. Every mask dances performed during Tshechu has a meaning or a story behind. In monasteries the mask dances are performed by monks and in remote villages they are performed jointly by monks and village men. Among many Tshechus in the country most popular are Paro and Thimphu Tshechus in terms of participation and audience. Besides the locals many tourists from around the world are attracted to this unique, colourful and exciting culture.

Traditionally, the Paro va Thimphu have been the most popular but tourists are fast realizing that the smaller more rural festivals are much more intimate.

Other festivals which happen throughout the year are:

• Black Necked Crane Festival. 
• Chorten Kora Festival. 
• Gomphu Kora Festival. 
• Haa Summer Festival. 
• Jampa Lhakhang festival. 
• Kurjey Festival. 
• Lhuentse Festival. 
• Merak Tshechu. 
• Mongar Festival. 
• Nimalung Festival. 
• Nomad Festival. 
• Paro Tsechu. 
• Pema Gatshel Festival. 
• Punakha Festival. 
• Sakten Tshechu. 
• Takin Festival. 
• Thimphu Festival. 
• Trashigang Festival. 
• Trongsa Festival. 
• Ura yakchoe. 
• Wangdue Phodrang Festival. 
• Bhutan Birds Festival 2019 : The second Bhutan Birds Festival (BBF) was held in Tingtibi, Zhemgang in November 2019. The BBF intends to encourage local community of Zhemgang to protect their rich forest and conserve high diversity of wildlife. Zhemgang is a popular birding destination.

Qil

• Trekking: Bhutan is a popular place for trekking, though the walks are generally quite tough as there are no places to stay or eat in the higher regions, and so all food and camping equipment must be carried in. Autumn and spring are the best seasons for undertaking a trek. In the summer, the paths are too muddy, while in winter they are snow-covered. However, despite the difficulties of the treks, all efforts and discomforts are more than compensated for by the stunning scenery and extremely friendly, gentle and hospitable people that are met along the way. See: Wilderness backpacking.
• Festivals: Tshechu is the largest religious festival in Bhutan and is celebrated in the late summer and autumn throughout the country (see city articles for local information), though Thimphu Tshechu is the most famous and attracts around 30,000 people. The highlight of the tshechu ceremonies is the masked dances by monks, which were developed according to precise instructions given by past Buddhist masters. According to Buddhist philosophy, all experiences leave an imprint in the mind stream that produces a corresponding result in the future, and so viewing these dances, which are imbued with sacred symbolism, is considered to be a very auspicious and sanctifying experience. While the event is not held in a solemn atmosphere and there is much merriment, visitors are reminded that it is still a religious festival that is of great importance to Bhutanese people, and so appropriate behavior is expected.
• Archery: This is the national sport of Bhutan and competitions are held throughout the country at most weekends. Visitors are very welcome to watch and also to add voice to the boisterous cheering that accompanies these events.
• Hot Stone Bath: The hot stone bath is a ritual in itself, riverside rocks are heated till red hot and gradually dropped into a wooden tub filled with water and scattered with Artemisia leaves. The burning rocks heat the water gradually and thus release minerals in to the water. Traditionally these bath are done near a river bed with plenty supplies of stones and water and preferably after dark in the open air.

Gapir

Bhutan is a linguistically diverse country, with more than several languages spoken throughout the country.

Dzongkha, a member of the Tibetic language family, is the national language of the country and the mother tongue of most people residing in Western Bhutan.

In Eastern Bhutan, the major regional language is Sharchopkha (Tshangla), which derives much of its vocabulary from Classical Tibetan. The language is mostly used as a spoken language than a written language.

In the Bumthang region, the major regional language is Bumthangkha. To a large extent, the language is not lexically similar to Dzonghka.

Nepali is understood by a vast majority of Bhutanese and it is the most widely spoken Indo-Aryan language in the country.

Ingliz tili is widely understood by the vast majority of Bhutanese, as it is used as the medium of instruction in Bhutanese schools.

Due to the influence of Bollywood (Hindi-language cinema) and close relations with India, some Bhutanese people are also able to understand Hindi, but it is not as widely spoken as Nepali.

Aspects of talking in Bhutan include:

• La. The suffix 'la' is an honorific, and many Bhutanese feel that their remarks sound too harsh if it is not used, and this carries over even into English. So, don't be surprised if you hear expressions such as "Yes-la" or "I'm not sure-la". It just implies respect.
• Reach. In Bhutan, the verb 'reach' means to 'take' or 'accompany' (a person). For example: "I'll reach you to the bus station" means "I'll take/accompany you to the bus station."
• Cousin-brother, Cousin-sister. Extended families living under one roof are common in Bhutan. As a result, the dividing line between siblings and cousins is blurred, and so it is not uncommon to be introduced to a "cousin-brother" or "cousin-sister". Although these people are just cousins, the English word implies a more distant relationship than is the fact in Bhutan.
• BST. The exact meaning of this phrase is 'Bhutan Standard Time', but as Bhutanese people are notorious for being late or just not turning up at all, it has taken on the meaning of 'Bhutan Stretchable Time'. Therefore, when someone arrives late, they will often excuse themselves by saying that they are running on BST.

Sotib oling

Pul

Exchange rates for Bhutanese ngultrum 2021 yil 4-yanvar holatiga ko'ra: US$1 ≈ Nu.72.9 €1 ≈ Nu.89.3 UK£1 ≈ Nu.100 Indian ₹1 ≈ Nu.1 (fixed) Exchange rates fluctuate. Current rates for these and other currencies are available from XE.com

Mamlakatning pul birligi bu Bhutanese ngultrum, denoted by the symbol "Nu." (ISO code: BTN). It is fixed to the Indian rupee at an exchange rate of 1:1, and small Indian rupee bills (₹200 or less) can be used interchangeably in Bhutan. (This is one-way only, since ngultrum are emas accepted in India.)

• US dollar: US dollars are widely accepted. Bhutanese currency is only needed for expenses personal in nature and buying small souvenir items.
• Credit cards: Visa, MasterCard and Visa Maestro are compatible with most ATMs in Bhutan, most of which are concentrated in Thimphu and Paro.
• Money exchange Banks and major hotels change major currencies.
• ATMs: The main banks operate ATMs that accept international cards such as Visa MasterCard. However, as the service it is not overly reliable, it is best to have other funds on hand.
• Western Union Money Transfer: Thimphu Post Office. This facility can receive transfer of funds from overseas, but cannot make payments from customers' personal accounts.

Xarid qilish

• Woven cloth. Bhutanese handwoven fabric is prized around the world, and is available stitched into clothing, wall hangings, table mats and rugs.
• Yathra. A brightly colored woven material made from wool and dyed with natural colors. It is sold in pieces or sewn into jackets, bags, rugs and wall hangings. Yathra is available in Thimphu and other cold areas, but is a specialty of the Jakar area.
• Dappa. Hand made wooden bowls. The halves of the bowl fit tightly together so they can be used to carry cooked food, which is their function in Bhutan. However, they also make excellent salad or cookie bowls. Dappa are a specialty of the Trashi Yangtse region, but can be purchased throughout the country.
• Bangchung. Small bamboo woven baskets with two tightly fitting halves. They are a specialty of the southern Bhutan, but available throughout the country.

Yemoq

Shuningdek qarang: Janubiy Osiyo oshxonasi

Rice is a staple with every meal; traditionally red rice, but white rice is now common too. Vegetable or meat dishes cooked with chili and/or cheese comprise the accompanying cuisine.

Bhutanese food has one predominant flavour - chili. This small red condiment is not only added to every dish but is also often eaten raw. So, if you don't like spicy-hot food, make this abundantly clear before ordering a meal. Otherwise, you'll be spending the next hour dousing your mouth with cold yoghurt or milk.

Bhutanese delicacies are rich with spicy chili and cheese. All the hotels, resorts and restaurants will offer delicious Bhutanese food, Chinese, Continental, and Indian cuisines.

Rice forms the main body of most Bhutanese meals. It is accompanied by one or two side dishes consisting of meat or vegetables. Pork, beef and chicken are the meats that are eaten most often. Vegetables commonly eaten include Spinach, pumpkins, turnips, radishes, tomatoes, river weed, onions and green beans. Grains such as rice, buckwheat and barley are also cultivated in various regions of the country depending on the local climate.

The following is a list of some of the most popular Bhutanese dishes:

• Ema Datshi: This is the National Dish of Bhutan. A spicy mix of chillis and the delicious local cheese known as Datshi. This dish is a staple of nearly every meal and can be found throughout the country. Variations on Ema Datshi include adding green beans, ferns, potatoes, mushrooms or swapping the regular cheese for yak cheese.
• Momos: These Tibetan-style dumplings are stuffed with pork, beef or cabbages and cheese. Traditionally eaten during special occasions, these tasty treats are a Bhutanese favourite.
• Phaksha Paa: Pork cooked with spicy red chillis. This dish can also include Radishes or Spinach. A popular variation uses sun-dried (known as Sicaam).
• Hoentoe: Aromatic buckwheat dumplings stuffed with turnip greens, datshi (cheese), spinach and other ingredients.
• Jasha Maru: Spicy minced chicken, tomatoes and other ingredients that is usually served with rice.
• Red Rice: This rice is similar to brown rice and is extremely nutritious and filling. When cooked it is pale pink, soft and slightly sticky.
• Goep (Tripe): Though the popularity of tripe has diminished in many countries it is still enjoyed in Bhutan. Like most other meat dishes, it is cooked with plenty of spicy chillis and chilli powder.

Vegetarian dishes

• Ema-datsi. Ema means chili and datsi is a kind of cottage cheese, so ema-datsi is similar to jalapeños with cream cheese.
• Kewa-datsi. A potato, cheese and chili dish.
• Shamu-datsi. A mushroom, cheese and chili dish.

Kewa-datsi and shamu-datsi tend to be less hot than ema-datsi; all three dishes are generally served with rice.

• Mutter paneer. Though not a Bhutanese dish, this Indian staple of curried peas and cheese is readily available throughout Bhutan and is therefore an additional choice for vegetarians.
• Cheese momo. A small steamed bun that traditionally contained cheese, cabbage and sometimes onion. However, these days other vegetables, including green papaya, may be substituted for cabbage.
• Khuli. Buckwheat pancakes - a specialty of Bumthang. They are often served with ema-datsi as an alternative to rice.
• Puta. A dish of buckwheat noodles usually served with curd - a specialty of Bumthang

Imtrat run canteens that sell excellent Indian dishes along with tea from 9:30AM–4:30PM. The quality of the food is very good, while the price is low. The canteens are located throughout the country, especially along main highways.

Ichish

• Ara. A local spirit brewed from rice or corn. It is popular in rural areas, and often served in restaurants, particularly at the start of meals, poured from a special vessel.
• Choy. Located next to the tea growing regions of Assam and Darjeeling, a steaming cuppa remains the popular drink in Bhutan, with both the butter variety (suja) and sweet milk kind (cha) readily available throughout the country. The butter tea is very traditional but has quite a strong flavor and is similar to Tibetan tea, while the sweet milk kind is very drinkable and is like Indian chai.
• Kofe. The coffee culture that has swept most of the planet has taken root in the country, and there are a number of good cafes in Thimphu, Parova Jakar. However, outside these three towns, coffee means the instant variety and it is served simply white or black.
• Beer. The main local beers are from Bhutan Brewery (founded 2006), part of the Tashi Group conglomerate, and are sold in 650 ml bottles: Druk 11000 (8%) is cheapest and a lot of alcohol; slightly higher quality and lower alcohol are Druk Lager Premium (5%) and Druk Supreme (6%); none of these is particularly good. There is also sometimes Red Panda Weissbeer (wheat beer), which is rather good. Imported beers may not be available, as importing these is sometimes banned (to preserve foreign reserves).
• Whisky. There is some "Bhutanese whisky", though it is neither Bhutanese nor straight whisky. Rather, it is blended whisky, made of imported Scotch malt whisky blended with grain neutral spirits: it is blended and bottled in Bhutan, but not distilled locally. These are produced by the Army Welfare Project in Gelephu, and the main brand is Special Courier, which is surprisingly drinkable.

Uyqu

All towns connected by motorable roads have hotels, though the standard varies considerably. International standard hotels are mostly found in tourist areas or major towns, while five star accommodation is only available in Paro, Jakar, Punakha, Gangtey and Thimphu.

The hotel rates shown on the city articles are only relevant to people who have residency, visa exemption (generally this only applies to Indian nationals) or who are visiting the country as an invited guest. Other visitors can only enter the country as part of a tour, for which the daily rates are set by the Bhutanese authorities at around US$250 per person per night irrespective of the hotel rates (except for very expensive hotels where a surcharge is added).

O'rganing

Buddizm

• It is possible to receive instruction on Buddhist practice at any monastery, though for discussions on Buddhist philosophy it is better to consult with the khenpos yoki loppons (teachers) at Buddhist colleges (shedra), such as, for example, Lhodrak Kharchhu Monastery in Jakar, Tango Monastery near Thimphu or Chokyi Gyatso Institute in Deothang.
• Deer Park Thimphu holds various Dharma related events in the capital, including weekly meditation sessions.

Weaving - Bhutanese woven cloth is prized throughout the world for its unique designs and high quality, and there is a weaving centre in Khaling yilda Trashigang.

Work

There are a few NGOs based in Bhutan, so it is possible to arrange volunteer work. However, Bhutan is very selective about who it engages in this field. In addition, it is highly unlikely that a position can be found while visiting Bhutan, so those interested in undertaking volunteer work here should first seek employment with NGOs overseas and then express a preference to be located in Bhutan.

Xavfsiz bo'ling

• While drug abuse is not uncommon in urban areas it will not affect tourists, and Bhutan remains one of the safest places in the world for travellers.
• Police in Thimphu are quite active, they keep doing rounds around the city late nights to ensure safety.
• Bears are a threat in remote mountainous regions.
• The sale of products containing tobacco (cigarettes, chewing tobacco, etc.) is banned throughout Bhutan, though a certain amount of these products can be brought into the country for personal use (receipts should be kept in case requested to produce evidence of purchase).

Stay healthy

• Hospitals and clinics are located throughout the country, even in the remotest areas. However, travellers should not expect hi-tech facilities, and at many of the Basic Health Units the resident doctor is often away.
• Indigenous medical facilities are located in all district capitals, with the largest being in Thimphu, so it is also possible to have ailments diagnosed and treated using natural herbal compounds while in Bhutan.
• Waterborne diseases such as diarrhea, dysentery, giardia and even typhoid are not uncommon in Bhutan, especially during the summer monsoon season. Tap water is not safe to drink. Therefore, ensure that all water has been thoroughly boiled or otherwise purified before consuming.
• In case of emergency, it is advisable to carry first aid material, which might include a few antibiotics and acetaminophen (paracetamol).
• Altitude sickness can strike at altitudes as low as 2,500m. Be aware of this before embarking on expeditions in the mountains. If you suffer palpitations, shortness of breath or severe headaches, inform your guide and head to a lower altitude immediately. Take altitude sickness seriously. It can and does kill.
• The hygiene standard is acceptable in tourist areas. However, it is probably wise to prepare medicine for stomach upsets.
• The Street dog population is very high in Thimphu (and to a lesser extent in many of the towns). Most of the animals are extremely docile and there are very few cases of tourists ever being bitten. Still, it is best to err on the side of safety and not to disturb the animals. Moreover, if bitten, immediately receive a rabies vaccination. Although incidences of the disease are uncommon, it inevitably proves fatal if left untreated.
• Bezgak va dengue fever are not common problems in Bhutan, though there are outbreaks in the Indian border regions during the summer monsoon season.

Hurmat

• The Bhutanese royal family is venerated in Bhutanese society. It is wise to bear this in mind when conversing with local people.
• Sacred objects. Always pass mani stones, stupas and other religious objects with your right side nearest to the object, and turn prayer wheels in a clockwise direction. Never sit on mani stones or stupas.
• Kiyim. When visiting temples, remove shoes and headgear and wear clothing that expresses respect for the sacred nature of the site. You will need to wear trousers and long shirts.
• Donations. At monasteries, it is custom to make a small donation to the monks as a sign of respect; and also to the Buddhist statues as a means of developing a generous and spacious mind. There are many places in each temple where you can donate, and it is expected that you donate to each place. Remember to have small notes for this gesture. However, this is not mandatory.
• Chekish. It is illegal to smoke at monasteries and in public places.
• Proselytizing is illegal in Bhutan, and has been punished by prison sentences of up to 3 years. Respect should be afforded to the state religion of Vajrayana Buddhism.

Engish

Embassies and consulates

Bhutan has a number of embassies and consulates, including those listed below [2].

• Hindiston: Royal Bhutanese Embassy - Chandragupta Marg, Chanakyapuri, New Delhi 110 021. Tel: 609217/ 609218, Fax:6876710
• BIZ.: Consulate General of Bhutan - 2 UN Plaza, 27th Floor, New York NY 10017. Tel:(212) 826–1919, Fax:(212) 826–2998.
• Kanada: Honorary Consul of Bhutan - 146 Yorkville Ave, Toronto, ON M5R 1C2. Tel: (416) 960-3552 Email: [email protected]
• Gonkong: Honorary Consul of Bhutan - 32/F, New World Tower, 16-18 Queen's Road, Central, Hong Kong. Tel: (852) 28443117, 2844–3111, Fax: (852) 25247652 Email: [email protected]
• Thailand: The Royal Bhutanese Embassy in Bangkok - Jewelry Trade Centre Building, Rm. 1907, 19th Floor, 919/1 Silom Road, Bangkok 10500. Tel:2671722, 630119 - Fax:6301193.
• Quvayt: Royal Bhutanese Embassy, Adailiya-Block 3- Essa Abdul Rahman Al-Assoussi Street, Jaddah No. 32- Villa No. 7, Kuwait. Phone: 9652516640/50, Fax: 9652516550
• Bangladesh: Royal Bhutanese Embassy, House No.12 CEN, Road No.107, Gulshan, Dhaka-1212. Phone: 880-2-8826863/8827160, Fax: 880-2-8823939

Ulanmoq

• The international dialing code for Bhutan is 975
• Wi-fi is readily available in the majority of hotels throughout the country, and most population centres have internet cafes, although they are relatively expensive.
• Most of Bhutan has mobile phone coverage, which is smart phone capable. B-Mobile has agreements with North American, some Asian and European countries on mobile roaming. Tashi Cell is another mobile company based in country.
• Tourists can now quickly and easily register for a B-Mobile SIM that is valid for 1 month. Simply take your passport to a B-Mobile office. The SIM card costs 50Nu, and comes with 50Nu credit. Ask them to activate 3G and data access while you are there, and test it works before leaving. There are no data plans per se, but the rate is affordable by international standards (0.0003Nu/KB). The only available SIM card size is the standard size, but some offices have sim cutters for the iPhone 4 & 5 (if you're worried, bring your own SIM cutter). B-Mobile recharge cards can be purchased in most general stores.
• The official tourism board in Bhutan is the Tourism Council of Bhutan, for more information on the destination you can find it on their website.

OAV

• Kuensel. A partially government-owned newspaper with a forty-year history. Kuensel is published daily.
• BBS. The official TV broadcasting station.
• Radio Valley. Bhutan's first private FM radio station. A program called "With Love From Home" can be listened online.
• Kuzoo FM An English language radio channel - mixture of youth orientated music and discussion programs - FM 105.
• Centennial Radio An English and Dzongkha (national language) program.

Keyingisi

• Kolkata - Druk Air (Royal Bhutan Airlines) flies between Paro and Kolkata. In addition, the Bhutan Government operates an overnight bus service from Phuentsholing on Monday, Wednesday and Friday. The buses depart from Bhutan Post office at 15:00, and the journey takes around 18 hours and costs ₹/Nu.300 Nyu-Dehli - Druk Air flies between Paro and Delhi. It also operates flights between other Indian cities of Guwahati, Gaya and Siliguri (Bagdogra Airport).
• Nepal - many travellers to Bhutan combine the visit with a trip to this other Himalayan country and Druk Airways operate flights from Paro to Katmandu.
• Thailand - Druk Air operates daily flights from Paro to Bangkok.
• Dakka - Druk Air operates 3 flights a week from Paro to Dhaka, capital city of Bangladesh. It is one of the major cities of South Asia.