Slovakiya - Slovakia

Slovakiya (Slovak: Slovensko) yoki Slovakiya Respublikasi (Sloveniya respublikasi) mamlakatdir Markaziy Evropa. Slovakiyaga tashrif buyurishning asosiy sabablari uning tabiiy go'zalligi, yorqin tarixi va dam olish uchun katta imkoniyatlari (va mamlakatning kichikligi sababli, uchalasini ham birlashtirish juda oson).

Slovakiyada mamlakatning nisbatan katta qismini qamrab olgan va Karpat tog 'tizmasining eng baland qismi bo'lgan to'qqizta milliy bog' mavjud. Baland Tatralar, bu tog 'va qishki sport turlari uchun ajoyib imkoniyatlar hamda ajoyib vistaslarni taklif etadi. Geologik nuqtai nazardan, Slovakiyaning katta qismi ohaktoshdan yasalgan bo'lib, u ko'plab buloqlar va daryolar bilan birgalikda ko'plab g'orlar (12 jamoatchilik uchun ochiq, ularning bir nechtasi YuNESKO ro'yxatiga olingan) va chiroyli tosh shakllanishlar, kanyonlar va sharsharalari Slovakiya jannat va Slovakiya Karst. Ushbu hududlardan tashqarida ham bir nechta go'zal landshaftlar mavjud va butun Slovakiya minglab sayyohlik yo'llari bilan qoplangan.

Tarixni sevuvchilar uchun Slovakiya dunyoda jon boshiga to'g'ri keladigan qasrlar va chateauxlarning soni bo'yicha dunyoda eng yuqori ko'rsatkichga ega, oddiy xarobalardan tortib to uy jihozlari bilan yaxshi saqlanib qolgan yashash qasrlariga qadar, shuning uchun agar siz o'rta asrlar tarixining muxlisi bo'lsangiz, bundan buyon boshqa joyga qaramang. Shuningdek, ular juda ko'p Gotik va Slovakiya bo'ylab barokko shaharlari va shaharlari, shu jumladan poytaxt. Yog'ochdan yasalgan xalq me'morchiligining yaxshi saqlanib qolgan namunalari, shu jumladan butunlay yog'ochdan qilingan cherkovlar va dunyodagi eng baland yog'och qurbongoh mavjud.

Slovakiyada ko'plab mineral va termal buloqlar mavjud va ularning atrofida dunyoga mashhur kurortlarning ba'zilari ajoyib davolovchi muolajalar yoki oddiygina dam olishni taklif etadigan qurilgan. Bundan tashqari, bir nechta mahalliy ko'llar va hovuzlarning qirg'oqlarida chill, suzish va quyosh botishi yoki o'zingizni qiziqroq his qilsangiz AquaCity suv parkini sinab ko'rishingiz mumkin. Ayniqsa, Bratislava tungi hayot bilan ham faxrlanadi va ziyofatlarning eng mashhur joyidir.

Mintaqalar

Shaharlar

• 48.14472222222217.1127777777781 Bratislava - Gotik, Barokko va Uyg'onish davridagi cherkovlar, uylar va saroylar, tosh toshlar, favvoralar, yoqimli kafelar va jonli va kosmopolit atmosferaga to'la go'zal tiklangan tarixiy markazi bo'lgan Slovakiyaning poytaxti va eng yirik shahri.
• 48.73527777777819.1452777777782 Banska-Bystrica - Avstriya-Vengriya imperiyasining Vengriya qismidagi eng muhim konchilar shaharlaridan biri edi; qayta tiklangan chiroyli maydon, ko'plab cherkovlar, qal'alar va muzeylar va Slovakiya milliy qo'zg'oloni yodgorligi
• 48.71666666666721.253 Koshice - sharqdagi metropolis, dunyoning eng sharqiy qismida joylashgan Gothic sobori bilan dunyoning ikkinchi eng yirik shahri, eng qadimgi Evropa gerbi, sobori majmuasi bilan ajoyib tarixiy shahar markazi, ko'plab cherkovlar, saroylar va qiziqarli muzeylar.
• 48.31472222222218.08754 Nitra - eng qadimgi Slovakiya shahri, chiroyli qal'a va yarmarkalar soni
• 49.0520.35 Poprad - Yuqori Tatralarga kirish eshigi
• 49.13333333333318.6833333333336 Rajecké Teplice - ajoyib Mala Fatra milliy bog'i bilan o'ralgan juda tinch kurort shahri
• 48.89416666666718.0405555555567 Trenčín - tarixiy markaz va Vax daryosiga qaragan shaharning tepasida joylashgan qal'asi bo'lgan eng go'zal Slovakiya shaharlaridan biri.
• 48.3777517.5862111111118 Trnava - eng ko'p cherkovlar yig'ilgan (12 ta) va barokko me'morchiligi yaxshi saqlanib qolgan eski Slovakiya shahri
• 49.21666666666718.7333333333339 Inailina - Budatin qal'asida joylashgan nemis me'morchiligi va noyob tinker madaniyati muzeyi ta'sirida saqlanib qolgan tarixiy shahar markaziga ega to'rtinchi yirik shahar.

Boshqa yo'nalishlar

• 48.9083333320.41 Slovakiya jannat milliy bog'i — Slovenskiy Raj ohaktosh orqali sharsharalarda suv oqimi natijasida hosil bo'lgan chuqur jarliklar va kanyonlardan iborat.
• 49.16666666666720.1333333333332 Baland Tatralar — Vysoke Tatri Slovakiyadagi eng katta milliy bog 'va qishki sport turlari va piyoda yurish markazi.
• 49.0388888919.278333333 Vlkolinec — YuNESKO an'anaviy Karpat qishlog'ining xarakterini saqlab qolgan meros ro'yxati qishlog'i
• 48.57920.5444 Slovakiya Karst Milliy bog - Slovenskiy krasg'or tizimlari bilan mashhur, YuNESKOning jahon merosiga kiradi
• 49.02277777777820.5905555555565 Levocha - shaharning devorlari bilan o'ralgan, noyob uyg'onish shahar zali, burger uylari, ko'plab cherkovlar va dunyodagi eng yirik gotik yog'och qurbongoh joylashgan Avliyo Jeyms sobori bilan o'rab olingan Spis mintaqasining ajoyib o'rta asr marvaridi.
• 48.78222222222218.5861111111116 Bojnice - Slovakiyada eng ko'p tashrif buyurilgan qal'a, deyarli yaxshi saqlanib qolgan ichki makon bilan buzilmagan.
• 48.58333333333317.8333333333337 Piesťany - Slovakiyadagi eng mashhur kurort shahri
• 48.9988888920.753055568 Spish qal'asi - eng katta qasrlardan biri Evropa va a YuNESKO Butunjahon merosi ro'yxati.
• 49.29521.2758333333339 Bardejov - bu Shimoliy-Sharqiy Slovakiyadagi kurort shahri bo'lib, u o'zining to'liq buzilmagan o'rta asr shahar markazida ko'plab madaniy yodgorliklarni namoyish etadi va ulardan biri hisoblanadi. YuNESKOJahon merosi ob'ektlari.

Tushuning

Slovakiya zamonaviy demokratik mamlakat va Evropa Ittifoqining a'zosi.

Relyef

Slovakiyaning markaziy va shimoliy qismining katta qismi qo'pol va tog'li. 2.655 metr balandlikda Gerlachovskiy shtit Baland Tatralar eng yuqori cho'qqidir. The Tatra tog'lari shimolda, Polsha bilan birgalikda, ko'plab tabiiy ko'llar va vodiylar bilan kesilgan. Ushbu hududlarda harorat pasayadi va an'anaviy ravishda bu erda odamlar qo'ylarni boqish bilan yashagan.

Pasttekisliklar janubda, Bodrog daryosining eng past nuqtasi dengiz sathidan 94 m (308 fut) balandlikda joylashgan. Bu erning tuprog'i ancha unumdor, ayniqsa Kichik Dunay va Dunay o'rtasidagi hudud va qishloq xo'jaligi bilan shug'ullangan. Ob-havo yumshoqroq, ayniqsa yoz juda hayratlanarli darajada iliq bo'lishi mumkin.

Tarix

Hozirgi Slovakiya hududi paleolit ​​davrining dastlabki davrlaridan boshlab joylashtirilgan. Slavlar va xunlarning ichki migratsiyasidan oldin, eng muhim madaniyatlar Keltlar va Rimliklar edi. Bugungi kunga qadar ushbu madaniyatlarning mavjudligini tasdiqlovchi artefaktlar va dalillarni topish mumkin.

5-asrda bu hududga bostirib kirgan slavyan qabilalari bu erda ta'sirli shohliklarning ketma-ketligini yaratdilar. Buyuk Moraviya imperiyasi parchalanib ketgan X asrgacha davom etgan ushbu davrda slavyanlar nasroniylikni qabul qildilar va ko'plab o'rta asr qal'alari qurildi, ularning ba'zilari xarobalari hozirgi kungacha saqlanib kelmoqda.

10-asrda Slovakiya Vengriya Qirolligining tarkibiga kirdi, u 1867 yildan keyin Avstriya imperiyasi bilan ittifoq tuzdi va Avstriya-Vengriya monarxiyasi. 1918 yilgacha davom etgan ushbu ittifoq butun mintaqani shakllantirishga katta ta'sir ko'rsatdi. Bu ko'p millatli davlatlar bilan birga yashagan va ko'plab Markaziy Evropa xalqlari tomonidan umumiy madaniy tarixni tashkil etgan davlat edi.

1918 yilda slovaklar bir-biri bilan chambarchas bog'liq bo'lgan chexlarga qo'shilib, Chexoslovakiya respublikasini tuzdilar. Interbellum Chexoslovakiya, shuningdek, vengerlar, yahudiylar va nemis tilida so'zlashadigan katta etnik ozchiliklarga ega bo'lgan juda xilma-xil davlat edi. Bu mamlakatda nemis tilida so'zlashadiganlar etnik slovaklarga qaraganda ko'proq edi. Ikkinchi Jahon urushi paytida Chexoslovakiya qisqa vaqt ichida bo'linib ketdi, Chexiya viloyatlari fashistlar tomonidan ishg'ol qilindi va Slovakiya Ota Yozef Tiso rahbarligida natsistlar bilan hamkorlik qilgan qo'g'irchoq davlatga aylandi. Ikkinchi jahon urushidagi tartibsizliklar ortidan Chexoslovakiya Sovet Ittifoqi boshqargan Sharqiy blok tarkibidagi kommunistik mamlakatga aylandi. Sovet ta'siri 1989 yilda quladi va Chexoslovakiya yana ozod bo'ldi.

Ko'p yillardan buyon ularning shimoli-g'arbiy soyalari Chex qo'shnilar, chexlar va slovaklarning siyosiy vakillari o'zlari zarba berishga qaror qilishdi. Slovaklar va chexlar 1993 yil 1 yanvarda tinch yo'l bilan ajralib chiqishga kelishib oldilar Slovakiya o'z-o'zidan mamlakatga aylandi. Bu sifatida tanilgan Velvet ajralish. Ikkala mamlakat ham madaniy jihatdan yaqin bo'lib qolmoqda va ikki mamlakat o'rtasida yuqori darajadagi siyosiy va iqtisodiy hamkorlik mavjud.

Tarixiy, siyosiy va geografik omillar Slovakiyani zamonaviy bozor iqtisodiyotini rivojlantirishda ba'zi birlariga qaraganda ancha qiyinlashishiga olib keldi Markaziy Evropa qo'shnilar, ammo hozirda u Evropada eng tez rivojlanayotgan iqtisodiyotlardan biriga ega va 2004 yildan beri Evropa Ittifoqi va NATO a'zosi hisoblanadi. Slovakiya hozirda Shengen shartnomasining a'zosi bo'lib, mamlakat Evroni 2009 yil 1 yanvarda qabul qildi.

Etnik kelib chiqishi

Chexiya va Slovakiya madaniyati o'rtasida ba'zi o'xshashliklar mavjud, ammo ikki millat bir-biridan farq qiladi. Eng ajoyib farqlardan biri shundaki, chexlar asosan ateistlar, slovaklar esa asosan polshalik qo'shnilar singari katolikdir.

Slovakiya deyarli ming yil davomida Vengriya imperiyasining bir qismi bo'lib, asosan janubiy Slovakiyada to'plangan 9,7 foiz kuchli venger tilida so'zlashuvchi ozchilik bo'lib qolmoqda. Tarixiy nemis populyatsiyalari Ikkinchi Jahon Urushidan keyin yirtilib tashlangan va ularning tarixiy ta'siri saqlanib qolgan.

Mamlakatning sharqiy qismida ko'plab roma / lo'lilar, rusnaklar / ruslar va ukrainlar, shuningdek, Slovakiyada chexlar, polyaklar va hali ham ba'zi nemislar yashaydi.

Iqlim

Slovakiyada mo''tadil iqlimi bor, yozi issiq va sovuq, bulutli, nam va qorli qish. Iqlimi kontinental, to'rt faslga ega va umumiy iqlim yumshoq bo'lsa-da, yoz va qish oylari o'rtasida harorat farqi katta.

Odatda janubiy mintaqalar va pasttekisliklarda issiqroq bo'ladi, yozning harorati issiq kunlarda 30 ° C dan yuqori ko'tarilishi mumkin va qishda yomg'ir qorlarga qaraganda tez-tez uchraydi, odatda bir necha kun ichida eriydi.

Shimoliy va ayniqsa tog'li hududlar sovuqroq iqlimga ega, yozgi harorat 25 ° C (77 ° F) dan oshmaydi. Ayniqsa, tog'larda qishda qor tez-tez uchraydi va u juda sovuq bo'lishi mumkin, harorat -20 ° C (-4 ° F) gacha pasayadi.

Tog'larda ob-havo bir necha daqiqada keskin o'zgarishi mumkin va yozda ham yomg'ir yoki qor yog'ishi mumkin. Tegishli jihozlarni oling va ob-havoni kamsitmang.

Bayramlar va festivallar

Slovakiya asosan katolik mamlakatidir, shuning uchun boshqa ba'zi bayramlar singari asosiy nasroniy bayramlari ham kuzatiladi. Agar boshqacha ko'rsatilmagan bo'lsa, ushbu kunlar dam olish kunlari va banklar bo'lib, aksariyat maishiy xizmatlar va do'konlar yopiq bo'ladi:

• Slovakiya Respublikasi kuni - 1 yanvar - Qulaylik bilan, 1 yanvar kuni Chexoslovakiya ikkiga bo'lindi, shuning uchun Yangi yil kuni milliy bayramdir. An'anaga ko'ra u tushgacha uxlash bilan nishonlanadi.
• Epifaniya - 6 yanvar - Uch Magi Betlehemga kelganini nishonlaydi. Do'konlar va banklar yopiq.
• Mardi Gras davri ('Fasiangy') - bu milliy bayram emas, aksincha festival mavsumi. Ba'zi qishloqlar an'anaviy bozorni oziq-ovqat va ichimliklar taklif qiladilar, shuningdek shahar bo'ylab maskalar kiyib yurishlari mumkin va ko'plab to'plar, raqslar va karnavallar o'tkaziladi. 6 yanvar - Ash chorshanba (fevral yoki mart).
• Pasxa - Mart / aprel, sanalar oy taqvimiga bog'liq. Yaxshi juma va Fisih dushanbasi ikkalasi ham milliy bayramlardir. Pasxa bilan bog'liq bir qator turli xil urf-odatlar mavjud. An'anaviy ovqatga non va horseradish bilan tuxum va maxsus Pasxa Xom kiradi.
  • Dindor odamlar ommaviy tadbirga borishadi va bu ba'zi bir qishloqlarda an'anaviy kiyimdagi odamlarni ko'rish mumkin bo'lgan yagona vaqt bo'lishi mumkin; ammo, bu tobora kamroq tarqalgan. Hamma kiyingan bo'ladi.
  • Slovakiya bo'ylab, kraslice ular bezak bilan bezatilgan va ranglar bilan bo'yalgan tuxum po'stlog'idir. Bular, shirinliklar va pullar bilan birga, do'stlari va qo'shnilarining uylariga tashrif buyuradigan o'g'il bolalarga beriladi, bu erda ularning vazifasi kelgusi yilda ayollarga suv yoki atir sepib, ularni urish orqali sog'lom va farovon bo'lishiga ishonch hosil qilishdir. lentalar bilan bezatilgan tol tayoqchasi bilan. U deyiladi oblievacka va sibacka. U ko'p miqdordagi spirtli ichimliklar, oziq-ovqat va ho'l futbolkalarni jalb qilishga moyil bo'lib, hech kim tomonidan jiddiy qabul qilinmaydi. Biroq uning mashhurligi pasayib ketdi. Agar siz ayol bo'lsangiz, Fisih dushanba kuni tashqariga chiqayotganda yoqtirgan kiyimingizni kiymang, chunki sizga suv tashlangan yoki sizga atir sepilgan bo'lishi mumkin. Agar siz ushbu aniq vahshiylik an'analariga qarshi chiqmoqchi bo'lsangiz, buni suv o'tkazmaydigan kiyimda qiling.
• Xalqaro mehnat kuni - 1 may - Bu ishlamaslik bilan nishonlanadi.
• Fashizm ustidan g'alaba kuni - 8 may - Evropada Ikkinchi Jahon Urushi tugaganini nishonlash.
• Xalqaro bolalarni himoya qilish kuni - 1 iyun - Milliy bayram emas, balki bolalar maktabdan bo'sh vaqtlari bo'lishi mumkin va ular uchun turli tadbirlar uyushtiriladi va ular odatda muomala qilishadi.
• Aziz Kiril va Metodiy kuni - 5 iyul - buyuk nasroniy missionerlarining Slovakiyaga kelish bayrami (863 yilda). Ular Xushxabarni o'sha paytda aytilgan slavyan tiliga tarjima qildilar, slavyan tiliga xos tovushlarni yozish uchun yangi alifbo ishlab chiqdilar va liturgik matnlarni tarjima qildilar (Missal va Zabur singari) slavyan tilini to'rtinchi liturgiya tili bo'lishiga imkon yaratdilar. Rim tomonidan (yahudiy, yunon va lotin tillaridan keyin). Shuningdek, avliyo Kiril slavyan tilida birinchi she'r - Proglasni yozgan va har bir xalq uchun yozma tilning ahamiyatini ta'kidlagan.
• Slovakiya milliy qo'zg'olonini xotirlash kuni - 29 avgust - Ikkinchi Jahon urushi paytida fashistlarga qarshi qo'zg'olonni xotirlash bayrami.
• Konstitutsiya kuni - 1 sentyabr - bolalar buni yaxshi ko'rishadi, chunki maktab bir kundan keyin boshlanadi.
• Muborak Bibi Maryam kuni - 15 sentyabr - Slovakiyaning homiysi.
• Vinobranie Bu milliy bayram emas, balki odatda oktyabr oyida vino ishlab chiqaradigan hududlarda o'tkaziladigan sharob hosilini nishonlaydigan festivaldir. Shaharlar hamkorlik qiladi, shuning uchun u har xil dam olish kunlari turli joylarda o'tkaziladi va siz bir nechta tashrif buyurishingiz mumkin. Bunga ko'cha ovqatlari, ichimliklar (ayniqsa, yosh vino) va turli xil hunarmandchilik mahsulotlari sotiladigan ochiq bozorlar kiradi.
• Barcha azizlar kuni - 1 noyabr - Bu o'tganlarni eslash kuni. Xellouin Slovakiyada nishonlanmaydi va bu juda jiddiy diniy bayramdir. Barcha do'konlar yopiq va ko'plab odamlar qabristonlarga yaqinlariga sham yoqish uchun borishadi.
• Ozodlik va demokratiya kuni uchun kurash - 17 noyabr - Kommunizmni tugatgan talabalar namoyishini eslaydi.
• Aziz Nikolay kuni - 6 dekabr - Bu milliy bayram emas, balki Rojdestvo davrining boshlanishi sifatida qaraladi. An'anaga ko'ra, Aziz Nikolay bir kechada poyabzalida ba'zi shirinliklarni (agar bola yaxshi bo'lsa) yoki ko'mir / piyozni (agar bola o'sha yili o'zini yomon tutgan bo'lsa) qoldiradi (hayratlanarlisi shundaki, ko'pchilik bolalar piyoz emas, balki shirinlik oladi). Bayramlar shaharlarda o'tkaziladi, u erda Aziz Nikolaus kiyingan kishi (Santa Klaus deb o'ylang) va uning yordamchilari farishtalar / iblislar unga g'ayratli bolalar orasida shirinliklar tarqatishda yordam berishadi. Rojdestvo bozorlari ochilib, Rojdestvo chiroqlari yoqildi.
• Sent-Lyusi bayrami - 13 dekabr - Milliy bayram emas, lekin mintaqaga qarab turli xil an'analar ushbu kun bilan bog'liq. Masalan, siz 13 ta qog'ozni olishingiz, bitta bo'sh qoldirishingiz va boshqalarga 12 o'g'il bolalarning ismlarini yozishingiz mumkin. Ulardan biri har kuni Rojdestvo arafasiga qadar yoqiladi, kelajakda eringizning ismi qoladi (bo'sh = abadiy bitta).

• Rojdestvo - Rojdestvo arafasi, Rojdestvo kuni va boks kuni (24-26 dekabr) milliy bayramlardir. Slovakiyada Rojdestvo asosan Rojdestvo arafasida nishonlanadi, an'anaviy oilaviy kechki ovqat bo'lib, undan keyin sovg'alar ochiladi. Rojdestvo arafasi nasroniylar taqvimida ro'za tutishni nazarda tutganligi sababli, o'sha kuni go'sht iste'mol qilinmaydi. An'anaviy kechki ovqat sarimsoq (sog'liq uchun) va asal (baxt va farovonlik uchun) bilan iste'mol qilingan ingichka gofretdan boshlanadi. Buning ortidan sho'rva (qo'ziqorin yoki karam sho'rva) va qovurilgan sazan va maxsus kartoshka salatining asosiy qismi olinadi. Rojdestvo keklarining ko'plab turlari (masalan, gingerbread) ham iste'mol qilinadi. Biroq an'analar bir-biridan farq qiladi.
• Silvester - 31 dekabr - Yangi yil arafasi milliy bayram emas, aksariyat bayramlarda keng nishonlanadi. Yarim tunda odamlar yangi yilni bir qadah shampan bilan tost qilishadi. Yangi yilni nishonlash uchun ko'plab shaharlarda fişeklar namoyish etiladi. Fişekler va mast odamlar juda ko'p.

Chiqinglar

Slovakiya Shengen shartnomasi.

• Odatda shartnomani imzolagan va amalga oshirgan mamlakatlar o'rtasida chegara nazorati mavjud emas. Bunga Evropa Ittifoqining aksariyat qismi va boshqa bir qator mamlakatlar kiradi.
• Odatda xalqaro reyslarga yoki qayiqlarga chiqishdan oldin shaxsni tekshirish tekshiruvi o'tkaziladi. Ba'zida quruqlik chegaralarida vaqtinchalik chegara nazorati mavjud.
• Xuddi shunday, a viza har qanday Shengen a'zosi uchun berilgan, imzolagan barcha boshqa mamlakatlarda amal qiladi va shartnomani amalga oshirdi.
• Iltimos, ko'ring Shengen zonasi bo'ylab sayohat qilish sxema qanday ishlashi, qaysi mamlakatlar a'zo ekanligi va qo'shimcha ma'lumot olish uchun sizning fuqaroligingizga qanday talablar qo'yiladi.

Yuqoridagi mamlakatlar / hududlarning birortasi hukumati tomonidan berilgan haqiqiy sayohat hujjatiga ega bo'lgan qochqinlar Slovakiya uchun viza olishdan ozod qilinadi (ammo yo'q boshqa Shengen mamlakati, bundan mustasno Germaniya va Vengriya) 180 kun ichida maksimal 90 kun qolish uchun.

Shunga qaramay, sizda guvohnoma bo'lishi kerak, ammo muammoga duch kelmaslik uchun chegara hududlarida o'zingizni guvohnomangiz bilan saqlang.

Agar sizga viza kerak bo'lsa, har doim oldindan elchixonaga murojaat qiling. Slovakiya chegarasida viza olish imkoniyati yo'q, qanday kirishingizdan va millatingizdan qat'iy nazar.

Samolyotda

• 48.1717.2127781 Bratislava aeroporti (BTS ^IATA). Ryanair ishlaydi arzon Evropaning turli shaharlaridan, shu jumladan Londondan, "Milan" dan Bratislavaga parvozlar -Bergamo, Birmingem, Edinburg, Liverpul, Dublin, Rim (Ciampino), "Parij" (Bovalar), "Bryussel (Sharlerua) va boshqalar. Ushbu reyslar juda arzon bo'lishi mumkin, shuning uchun agar siz Evropadan tashqarida kelgan bo'lsangiz, katta aeroportga uchib, keyin Bratislava bilan bog'lanish orqali pulni tejashingiz mumkin. Ular har doim ham har kuni ishlamaydilar va ba'zida uzoqdan / kamdan-kam uchraydigan aeroportlardan foydalanadilar, shuning uchun sizga uchib ketish yaxshiroq bo'lishi mumkin Vena aeroporti.
  Norvegiya havo yo'llari dan parvozlarni amalga oshirish Kopengagen aeroporti va Oslo aeroporti, Gardermoen, shuningdek, Moskvaga va Ben Gurion aeroporti mos ravishda UTAir va Sun d'or Airlines bilan.  

Shu bilan bir qatorda Vena aeroporti (VIE ^IATA), bu Bratislavadan atigi 37 km (23 milya) uzoqlikda joylashgan. Bu yirik aviakompaniyalar tomonidan Slovakiyaga etib borish uchun qulayroq usulni taqdim etadi, ammo qimmatroq bo'lishi mumkin. Bundan tashqari, uzoq masofaga uchadigan parvozlar soni ancha ko'p. Bratislavaning asosiy avtovokzaliga soatiga to'g'ridan-to'g'ri avtobuslar. Shu bilan bir qatorda, siz 70 evro atrofida turadigan taksida borishingiz mumkin.

Ko'pincha charter reyslari uchun foydalaniladigan kichikroq xalqaro aeroportlarga quyidagilar kiradi:

• 49.07361111111120.2411111111112 Poprad - Tatri (www.airport-poprad.sk; TAT ^IATA)
• 48.66305555555621.2411111111113 Koshice xalqaro aeroporti (KSC ^IATA)
• 48.63805555555619.1341666666674 Slič (SLD ^IATA)

Boshqa variantlar orasida Pragadagi aeroportlar (PRG ^IATA) va Budapesht, ikkala shahar ham jamoat transportida 4 soat masofada joylashgan. Shuningdek, Praga va Bratislava, Praga va Kosice o'rtasida to'g'ridan-to'g'ri reyslar mavjud, ikkinchisi esa Praga parvozlari bilan birgalikda mamlakatning sharqiy qismiga samolyotda eng qulay kirishni ta'minlaydi.

Shuningdek, siz uchib ketishingiz mumkin Krakov agar siz borishni istasangiz Tatra tog'lari. Krakovdan avtobuslar Tatra tog'lari va Orava atrofidagi bir nechta Slovakiya shaharlariga qarab harakatlanadi.

Poyezdda

Chexiya Respublikasidan

Sobiq Chexoslovakiyaning bir qismi sifatida Chexiya va Slovakiya o'rtasida poezdlar tez-tez kelib turadi. EC poezdlari har ikki soatda ishlaydi Praga Bratislava va Inailina. Pragadan kunlik bitta poyezd bor Banska-Bystrica, Zvolen, Poprad va Koshice. Ushbu shaharlarning barchasi Pragadan bir kecha-kunduzda shpal bilan to'g'ridan-to'g'ri aloqaga ega.

Arzon chiptalar SporoTiket Evropa da sotib olish mumkin Chexiya temir yo'llari elektron do'koni, kamida 3 kun oldin. Narx kreslo uchun 15 evrodan yoki kushet uchun 26 evrodan boshlanadi. Elektron chipta faqat chiptada ko'rsatilgan poezdda amal qiladi.

Agar siz ko'proq moslashuvchanlikni xohlasangiz yoki Internet orqali oldindan sotib ololmasangiz, temir yo'l stantsiyasida katta chegirmaga ega bo'lishingiz mumkin, agar siz qaytish chiptasini sotib olsangiz CityStar. Bunday xalqaro qaytish chiptasi amal qiladi bir oy har qanday poezdda (va umuman Internet orqali sotib olish mumkin emas).

Germaniyadan

Berlindan Bratislava tomon ikki soatlik kunduzgi va bitta tunda poyezd bor. Arzon chiptalarni sotib olish mumkin Germaniya milliy temir yo'lining veb-sayti, Garchi tungi poezd endi Avstriya milliy temir yo'llari tomonidan sotilsa ham Nightjet. Chiptalar asosan talabga qarab 39 evrodan boshlanadi. Qushlarning dastlabki chiptalari faqat siz aniq bron qilgan poezd uchun amal qiladi. Nightjet poezdlari Germaniyaning boshqa shaharlaridan Vena shahriga qo'shimcha aloqalarga ega, u erdan siz mahalliy poezdlarga Bratislava shahriga 60 km (1 soatlik) sayohat qilishingiz mumkin.

Avstriyadan

Soatlik mintaqaviy ekspreslar ishlaydi Vena Bratislavaga. Siz EURegio chiptasini 16 evro evaziga ishlatishingiz mumkin - 4 kunlik qaytish chiptasi.

Polshadan

Kechasi avtoulov orqali bor Varszava Chexiya hududi orqali Bratislavaga. Polshadan to'g'ridan-to'g'ri poezd aloqasi juda yomon, avtobus odatda yaxshi alternativ. Chegara chizig'idan ozgina mahalliy poezdlar bor - bitta Zwardoń (PL) - Skalite (SK) poyezdi. Bu erda xalqaro yo'lovchi tashish mavjud emas Nowy Sącz–Prešov (2010 yil dekabrdan boshlab) va Lupkov-Medzilaborce qator (2009 yil dekabrdan boshlab).

Agar siz haqiqatan ham Polshadan poezdda sayohat qilishni istasangiz, poezdni juda ko'p o'zgartiradigan to'liq kunlik sayohatga tayyorlaning. Polsha chiptasini faqat chegara punktigacha (Skalité Gr.) Sotib olish va undan keyin direktsiyada Slovakiya ichki chiptasini sotib olish arzonroq (1,30 evro qo'shimcha to'lov).

Vengriyadan

EC poezdlari bor Budapesht Bratislavaga har ikki soatda yugurish va Budapeshtdan kuniga ikki IC poezd va Miskolc ga Koshice. Polshadan sayohatdan farqli o'laroq, konduktorda slovakiya qismini sotib olish arzonroq bo'lmaydi. Buning o'rniga 60% miqdorida ikki tomonlama chegirma mavjud (ya'ni qaytish chiptasi bir tomonlama chiptadan arzonroq).

Ukraina va Rossiyadan

Kundalik to'g'ridan-to'g'ri shpalli mashina bor Moskva, Kiyev va Lvov Kosice, Poprad va Bratislavaga. Safar juda uzoq - Moskva va Kiyevdan 2 kecha va Lvovdan 1 kecha-kunduz - Ukrainaning g'arbiy qismida temir yo'l tarmog'ining holati, chegaradagi bojxona jarayoni va shuningdek, Ukraina (Rossiya keng o'lchagich) va Slovakiya (standart o'lchov).

Ukraina yoki Rossiya chiptasini faqat Ukraina chegara stantsiyasiga sotib olish ancha arzon Chop, keyin Chopdan birinchi Slovakiya stantsiyasiga chipta sotib oling Čierna nad Tisou, va keyin dirijyordan Slovakiya ichki chiptasini sotib oling (1,30 evro qo'shimcha to'lov). Ammo keyin sizda Slovakiya bo'limi uchun hech qanday bandargoh yo'q va siz Chopda o'tiradigan mashinaga o'tishingiz kerak.

Yana bir variant - Rossiyadan CityStar chiptasini sotib olish (yoki Slovakiya uning narxi arzonroq edi), ammo faqat 5 kishigacha bo'lgan guruh uchun amal qilishi mumkin. CityStar chiptasi serverlarga qaraganda stantsiyalar o'rtasida bir oylik amal qiladigan ikki tomonlama chipta sifatida va chiptadagi har bir keyingi yo'lovchi uchun chegirma bilan taqdim etiladi. Albatta, siz qo'shimcha ravishda kassa chiptasini ham sotib olishingiz kerak.

Avtobusda

Ko'pgina odamlar qatorida Vena, Praga va Budapeshtdan Bratislavaga doimiy xizmatlar mavjud; va dan Ujgorod, Ukraina sharqiy Slovakiyaning Michalovce shahriga va Krakov, Polsha orqali Zakopane, Polshadan Popradgacha.

Pragadan Bratislavaga avtobusda borish chiptani oldindan sotib olsangiz, masalan, sekinroq, ammo poezdga qaraganda arzonroq, masalan. da Talabalar agentligi, Slovakiya chiziqlariyoki umumiy avtobuslarni bron qilish tizimidan foydalanish AMSBus.

Polsha va Ukrainadan kelgan avtobuslar eng yaxshi variant, ular poezdlarga qaraganda tezroq va tez-tez.

Budapeshtdan sayohat 4 soat, Györda va yo'lda joylashgan kichik restoranda 5 daqiqa avtobus bekati.

Mashinada

Slovakiyada qo'shni mamlakatlarga ulangan avtomagistral tarmog'i mavjud.

Piyoda

• Avtomobil haydovchilari va piyodalar qatnaydigan pontonli parom mavjud Angern an der March (Avstriya) va Záhorská Ves (Slovakiya). 05: 00-22: 00.

Atrofga boring

CP taklif qiladi juda foydali veb-sayt va Slovakiyadagi barcha poezdlar va avtobuslar uchun, jumladan, barcha shahar ichi va shaharlararo transportlar uchun o'rnatilgan jadvallar, hatto sizning avtobusingiz qaysi qatordan ketishini ko'rsatadigan smartfon ilovasi. Shuningdek, u Slovakiyadan / Slovakiyaga xalqaro sayohat uchun ham foydalidir.

Poyezdda

Poyezd, Slovakiya bo'ylab sayohat qilishning eng yaxshi variantidir, agar sizning shaxsiy transport vositangiz bo'lmasa. Tez-tez tezyurar poyezdlar barcha muhim shaharlarni bir-biriga bog'lab turadi, lekin hatto asosiy yo'nalishlarda ham mahalliy poyezdlar kamroq. Mahalliy transport uchun avtobus odatda yaxshi alternativ hisoblanadi. Poezdlar narxi juda yaxshi, ularning narxi avtobuslar bilan raqobatdosh va g'arbiy standartlarga ko'ra arzon. Ular ishonchli va toza.

G'arb uslubidagi qulaylikni istasangiz, InterCity xizmatini tanlang; IC poezdlari Bratislava, Cilina, Yuqori Tatras va Koshitse bilan bog'lanadi va majburiy rezervasyonlarga ega. Bular sizni olomondan xalos qilishi mumkin: oddiy poezdlar, odatda, juma va yakshanba kunlari yoki bayramlar atrofida gavjum bo'ladi. Yirik stantsiyalarda cho'ntak urishidan ehtiyot bo'ling va pul firibgarligidan saqlaning. Shuningdek, tunab ketadigan yo'lovchilarga uchib ketayotgan uxlab yotgan yo'lovchilarda vaqti-vaqti bilan qaroqchilik sodir bo'ladi.

Mamlakat ichidagi poezd xizmatlarining aksariyati tomonidan ta'minlanadi ZSSK, boshqa poezd operatorlari Leo Expres va Regiojet uzoq masofali poezdlarni taklif qiladi va Regiojet, shuningdek, Bratislava va Komarno.

Chegirmalar va chiptalar

• Internet-chiptalar tomonidan ZSSK - kredit hisobvarag'idan 5% chegirma bilan sotib olish mumkin. Ichki poezdlar uchun elektron yoki bosma shakldagi Internet-chiptalar tanlangan poezdda va sanada yoki keyingi har qanday poezdda (garchi siz joyni yo'qotgan bo'lsangiz ham) amal qilishning birinchi kunida shu yo'nalishda amal qiladi (barcha IC poezdlari va Ex 1502 Chopokdan tashqari). poezd). Stansiyalarda sotib olingan chiptalar ushbu yo'nalish bo'yicha har qanday sayohat uchun belgilangan muddat ichida (odatda masofaga qarab bir yoki ikki kun) amal qiladi va shu bilan juda moslashuvchan bo'ladi. Ba'zi xalqaro chiptalarni faqat stantsiyalarda sotib olish mumkin - agar siz ZSSK veb-saytidan stantsiyani topa olmasangiz, maqsadli mamlakat tilidan foydalanib ko'ring (Vena o'rniga Wien; Praga o'rniga Praha va boshqalar).

• Bepul transport - fuqaroligi yoki yashash holatidan qat'i nazar, 16 yoshgacha bo'lgan bolalar va 62 yoshdan katta qariyalar; va 26 yoshgacha bo'lgan talabalar va Evropa Ittifoqiga a'zo davlatlarning fuqarolari yoki doimiy yashovchilari bo'lgan 62 yoshgacha bo'lgan nafaqaxo'rlar (shu jumladan, sog'lig'iga oid pensiya). Sizga poezd kompaniyasida ro'yxatdan o'tish kerak; 2x3 sm o'lchamdagi fotosuratni unutmang (zamonaviy, foydalanilmagan, professional, etarlicha o'tkir va ravshan, old tomondan tasvirlangan, hech qanday bosh kiyimsiz va fonsiz).

• KLASIK RAILPLUS tomonidan ZSSK - narxi 35 evro, bir yilga standart ichki narxdan 25% chegirma. Agar siz bir yilda standart tarifning 140 evrodan ko'proq pulini sarflashni rejalashtirmoqchi bo'lsangiz, bunga arziydi (Bratislava - Koshitsega taxminan beshta chiptalar). Ro'yxatga olish uchun 2x3 sm o'lchamdagi fotosuratni unutmang. Kredit hisobidan foydalangan holda 5% chegirma bilan birlashtirilishi mumkin.

• Leo Expres va Regiojet uzoq masofali poezdlar - ular oldindan onlayn bron qilishda eng arzon va ma'lum bir poezd va vaqtga bog'langan.

Avtobusda

Avtobus aloqasi odatda poezdlarga qaraganda sekinroq, lekin sizni poezdlar qatnay olmaydigan joyga olib borishi mumkin, va ba'zi xususiy kompaniyalar xorijiy ISIC kartasi bilan sayohatchilar uchun chegirmalar ham taklif qilishadi (agar siz Slovakiya fuqarosi bo'lmasangiz). Uzoq masofaga yo'naltirilgan marshrutlar uchun chiptalar - 100 km (shu jumladan va / dan Chex Respublikasi yoki Chexiya Respublikasida) sotib olish mumkin AMSBus majburiy ro'yxatdan o'tkazilgandan so'ng (inglizcha versiyasi ham mavjud). Bratislavadan sayohat Nitra avtobuslar poezdlarga qaraganda ancha tezroq va arzonroq bo'lgan marshrutning noyob namunasidir.

Avtobuslar vaqti-vaqti bilan ishlaydi, shuning uchun avtovokzalga oldindan kelish tavsiya etiladi, jadvalda ko'rsatilgan vaqt bu bekatdan chiqib ketish vaqti. Aksariyat chiptalar to'g'ridan-to'g'ri haydovchidan sotib olinadi, shuning uchun sizga naqd pul kerak bo'ladi. Garchi avtobus haydovchisi sizga, ayniqsa, qisqa (arzon) sayohatlarda o'zgarishlarni taqdim etsa-da, kichikroq nominallarga ega bo'lish tavsiya etiladi. Agar sizda katta sumka bo'lsa, kichik qo'shimcha to'lovni to'lashingiz mumkin.

Turancar va Talabalar agentligi bu juda ishonchli, qulay bo'lgan avtobus kompaniyalarining yaxshi namunalari (chunki ular yangi avtobuslardan tez-tez bortida ko'ngilochar LCD displeylari bilan foydalanadilar), o'z vaqtida ishlaydilar va ISIC bilan chet elliklar uchun talabalik chegirmalarini taklif qiladilar.

Taksida

Slovakiyada minadigan yo'llar mavjud va quyidagilar eng kutilgan provayderlardir:

• Bolt. Ko'plab shaharlarni o'z ichiga oladi. (yangilangan Iyul 2020)
• Uber. Bratislavada ishlaydi. (yangilangan Iyul 2020)

Mashinada

Yo'l tarmog'i keng va umuman yaxshi holatda. Aksariyat yirik yo'llar (ayniqsa, G'arbiy qismlarda) ikki qatorli va yaxshi ta'mirlangan, ammo kichik yo'llarning aksariyati bitta qatorli bo'lib, uning texnik xizmat ko'rsatish standarti yaxshidan notekisgacha o'zgarishi mumkin. Asosiy marshrutlar va avtomagistrallar bo'ylab yoqilg'i to'xtash joylari va restoranlar (odpočívadlo yoki čerpacia stanica) tez-tez va kichik shaharlarda, ehtimol siz kichik kioskalarni topasiz (stánok) yoki meva yoki pishloq stendlari (ovocný stánok meva uchun, stánok so syrom (pishloq uchun) yo'lning yonida, arzon narxlarda mahalliy nozikliklarni taqdim eting.
Slovakiyadagi haydash uslubi, ayniqsa G'arbiy Evropa mamlakatlariga qaraganda, ko'proq tajovuzkor va past darajadagi. Boshqa avtomobillar tez-tez uchib ketayotgani va sizning yo'lingizda, ayniqsa, mamlakatning tog'li hududlarida o'tib ketayotgani haqida xabardor bo'lish kerak.

Haydash

Avtotransport vositalari yo'lning o'ng tomonida harakatlanishadi va tezlik chegaralari umuman qishloq / shaharchada 50 km / soat (31 milya), 90 km (56 milya) qurilish joylaridan tashqarida va 130 km (81 milya) avtomobil yo'llarida. Biroq, karvon / treylerli yuk mashinalari va avtoulovlar qurish joylaridan tashqarida yoki avtomobil yo'llarida va mototsikllarda 80 km / soat (50 milya) bilan cheklangan, avtomobil yo'llarida 90 km / soat (56 milya) bilan cheklangan.

Avtoulovlarda va furgonlarda xavfsizlik kamarlaridan foydalanish majburiy bo'lib, 11 yoshdan kichik yoki 150 sm dan kichik bolalar orqa o'rindiqqa joylashtirilishi kerak.

Haydash paytida faralar ob-havo sharoiti yoki tun yoki kunduz bo'lishidan qat'iy nazar har doim yoqilishi kerak, shuning uchun ularni yoqing.

Qishda qor va muz yo'llarda tez-tez uchraydi, qishki shinalar tavsiya etiladi. Haddan tashqari ob-havo sharoitida ba'zi kichik tog 'yo'llari qor zanjirlarini talab qilishi mumkin.

Slovakiyada alkogolga nisbatan nolga nisbatan bag'rikenglik siyosati mavjud. Ichkilik ichmang va haydang. Agar boshqa narsa bo'lmasa, unda jazolar og'ir.

Har qanday o'lchamdagi mototsiklda haydovchi va yo'lovchi uchun dubulg'a kiyish majburiydir, shuningdek, ko'zoynagini dvigatellari 50cc dan katta mototsikl haydovchisi taqishi kerak.

Belgilangan va belgilanmagan transport vositalarida politsiya ishtirok etishi yo'llarda va ayniqsa katta yo'llarda tez-tez uchraydi.

Agar siz avtomobil yo'llarida harakatlanmoqchi bo'lsangiz, iltimos, transport vositalarida majburiy stiker bo'lishi kerak (vinyetka) avtoulov oynasining yuqori o'ng burchagida yo'l haqini qoplash (majburiy joylashish, chunki bu asosan elektron kameralar tizimida tekshiriladi). Vinyetni ko'pgina yoqilg'i quyish shoxobchalarida sotib olish mumkin va o'n kun (10 evro), bir oy (14 evro) yoki undan ko'p vaqt davomida amal qiladi. Iltimos, vinyetka kirish joyidan boshlab barcha avtomagistrallarda majburiydir va agar siz ushlamasangiz, jarimaga tortilasiz. Agar siz mashinani ijaraga olsangiz, u ijaraga kiritilgan bo'lishi mumkin, ammo ijaraga olish / bron qilishda tekshirishni yoki so'rashni unutmang.

Agar siz Slovakiyani tushunsangiz, ko'pgina xususiy radiostansiyalar o'zlarining yangiliklar tarkibida trafikni yaxshi yoritishni o'z ichiga oladi, bu sizga yo'ldagi to'siqlar, avtohalokatlar, tirbandliklar va hattoki politsiya huzurida bo'lishlari to'g'risida xabar beradi, shuning uchun sozlashga arziydi. deb nomlangan veb-sayt hamdir Stellacentrum, bu erda siz yo'l harakati xavfsizligi va politsiya patrullari haqida umumiy ma'lumotni topishingiz mumkin (ular hatto politsiya patrullari aslida qaerda ekanligi haqida ham ma'lumot berishadi).

Avtoturargoh

Ko'pgina joylarda bepul avtoulovlar mavjud, ammo katta shaharlarning markaziy qismida to'xtash joylari uchun to'lovlar bo'lishi mumkin. Bratislava tashqarisidagi shaharlarda pullik to'xtash joyining eng keng tarqalgan usuli bu yopiq maydon bo'lib, u erda siz mashinadan kirib, slipni qabul qilasiz. Chiqib ketayotganda slipni qaytarib, odamga to'lashingiz kerak bo'ladi. The person most likely do not speak English, but if you look confused enough he or she will hand you a handwritten note with the amount. Try to pay the exact amount with cash, and avoid paying with large bills, as these places rarely have much cash at hand. In central Bratislava you can find places, where you have to get a parking slip from a vending machine and pre-pay for your parking. The slip then has to be placed behind the wind shield of the car and must be visible from the outside.

Renting

Renting a car is a convenient, efficient and relatively cheap (prices start at approx. €65/day at car rental chains with free mileage) way to explore Slovakia, especially if you intend to visit more remote areas, where train and bus services may be more sporadic. Don't expect neither GPS nor road map to be included and remember to check if highway vignette (see above) is included; it most likely, is but not always. Ask when booking and if it is not, then they can most likely easily include it without any handling charges.

Avtostop

Hitchhiking in Slovakia is best done by asking around at gas stations. It used to be that most people only speak Slovak (and possibly understand other Slavic languages) so it was difficult for foreigners who don't speak Slavic languages. However, nowadays most of the young people speak English and almost as many speak German.

Keep in mind that trains and buses in Slovakia are cheap for Westerners, and (apart from extremely rural areas where people are generally less wary of hitchhikers) it might take a while for someone to pick you up. You can find some offers if you travel from Slovakia and into Slovakia as well on specialized web pages. The biggest hitchhikers page in Slovakia is stopar.sk. There you can find offers in English, German, French, Polish, Czech and Hungarian language and it is free.

Oyoqda

There is a long tradition of hiking and mountain walking in Slovakia, and it is an extremely popular sport. Most people you meet will have gone on a hike at least once in their life, and many do so regularly, and can give you advice about the most interesting local trails. The trail network is also very well maintained. The quality and efficiency of the sign-posting system is unique in European (and probably World) context.

Every route is marked and signposted, different trails being given a different colour. There are four colours used - red, blue, green and yellow. Longest and most sternous trails are usually marked red, and it is possible to traverse from north-eastern Dukla Pass all the way to the west (Bradlo, near Bratislava) along the Slovak National Uprising Heroes trail (750 km) along one such red-marked path. However, the trails are numerous, suitable for various levels of fitness, and many lead through beautiful scenery. In towns, you will usually see a signpost, with arrows pointing in different directions, marking the colour of the path and the average walking times to the nearest set of destinations. All you need to do is to follow the colour, there will be a mark every hundred metres or so, and consists of a 10-cm-by-10-cm square three-section mark where the edges are white and the chosen path's colour in the middle.

It is also possible (and highly recommended) to purchase 'tourist maps' of smaller slovak regions. These are based on sets of former military maps, have a very good resolution (1:50000) and can be purchased from most kiosks, information centres and bookstores for bargain price of between €1.50-2.50. These are published by the Slovak Tourist Club (KST), which maintains all the trails, and show all the marked trails in the area, including the average walking times, which makes route planning very easy and efficient. You can also use hiking websites such as Freemap Slovakia (based on Openstreetmap data) or HIKING.SK

Gapir

Shuningdek qarang: Slovakiya so'zlashuv kitobi

The official and most widely-spoken language is Slovak. Slovaks are very proud of their language, and thus, even in Bratislava you will not find many signs written in English outside of the main tourist areas. In some parts of the country, especially in the east, dialects are used which may sound quite different from the codified language. However, understanding the official language should rarely be a problem and attempts to speak Slovak will be appreciated!

Slovak is written using the same Roman characters that English uses, with some added accents or diacritics, so Western travellers won't have any trouble reading signs and maps. While some words are tongue twisters, the knowledge of the alphabet including the letters with diacritics will go a long way as Slovaks pronounce every letter of a word with the stress always on the first syllable (it may be on the second syllable in some eastern dialects).

Chex and Slovak are mutually intelligible, yet distinctive languages. At first, one might think they are dialects of each other - older people in both countries tend to understand the other language better than younger people who were born after the breakup of Czechoslovakia.

Since the territory of Slovakia was under Hungarian influence for centuries, there is a significant Venger-speaking minority of 9.7%. Most of the Hungarians live in southern regions of the country and some of them speak no Slovak. Other Slovaks however normally do not speak or understand the Hungarian language.

While you can make do with English and Nemis in Bratislava, in smaller towns and villages they are not as widely spoken, though many younger people are usually able to speak English. Older residents may know some German and Russian, as well as tourist area workers. People born between 1935 and 1980 will have learned Ruscha in school, though few Slovaks will appreciate being spoken to in Russian as this language has some negative connotations due to the Communist era, and these days, English has largely supplanted Russian as the most widely taught foreign language. Due to the significant tourism growth in the north and the east of Slovakia, English is becoming more widely used and you may try Polsha. Other Slavic languages, especially Russian, Serbian, Croatian, and Slovene may also work. In the east Rusyn, an East Slavic language closely related to Ukrainian, is spoken. It is also intelligible with Russian to some extent.

Qarang

Slovakia combines all the typical features of a grand European history with highly attractive nature and a traveller-friendly modern atmosphere. Its fairly small capital Bratislava may not have the majestic sights you'll find in some other Eastern European capitals, but it has an energetic vibe to it, a lovely Old Town, Bratislava Castle and endless options to have a great time. The city as a whole is a quaint mix of 18th-century rococo and concrete Communist building blocks. An afternoon coffee in one of the countless street cafés along the famous Danube river is an absolute must and a good chance to people-watch and absorb the ambience. For a touch of grandeur, take a river tour down to Devin Castle, an excellent example of Slovakia's record-high number of castles and chateaux. Some of them are little more than a pile of stones hidden in a deep forest, others are luxurious baroque mansions or citadels in the middle of towns. Other worthwhile examples are Spish qal'asi (one of the largest castle sites in all of Europe) and the 19th century Bojnice Castle, a favourite tourism destination for the Slovaks. Almost equally popular is the beautiful Orava Castle yaqin Dolný Kubín, high up on a rock overlooking the Orava river. Other good picks for large historic city centres include the old towns of Koshice, Trnava va Levocha. Banska Styavnica is a fabulously preserved medieval mining town and one of the country's World Heritage Sites. Where Banská Štiavnica mined for silver ore, the smaller but equally well-preserved medieval town of Kremnica was built above gold mines and boasts the oldest still-working mint in the world.

If you love nature, Slovakia will be great for you. Large parts of the country are covered with dense forests and the abundance of wildlife includes brown bears, wolves, and lynxes. The Tatra tog'lari, more specifically the Baland Tatralar, are a prime attraction and offer impressive mountainous panoramas as well as great opportunities for skiing and other outdoor sports. In the large karst areas throughout the country there's an impressive number of g'orlar. A dozen or so are accessible for tourists. The Ochtinská Aragonite Cave yaqin Rožňava stands out, as it is one of the only three aragyonite caves in the world. Together with other caves of the Slovakiya Karst, it is listed on UNESCO's World Heritage list. If you enjoy hiking, try the Slovakiya jannat milliy bog'i, famous for its beautiful canyons and ravines with many waterfalls and rocky formations. For a more relaxing encounter with Slovakia's natural environments, head to one of the many mineral springs and spas. Piesťany is one of the best-known ones, but your options are countless.

If you get the chance, travel a bit through Slovakia's countryside. It's dotted with historical villages, sometimes seemingly untouched by time, and often a good way to catch a glimpse of the country's folk traditions. Hamlet Vlkolinec is considered a prime example of folk countryside architecture, but Chičmany va Brhlovce are lovely villages too.Historic churches are impossible to miss, as you'll find them in every village, town and city. Especially well-known are the many wooden churches in the northern and north-eastern parts of the country.

Sotib oling

Pul

Evro uchun valyuta kurslari 2021 yil 4-yanvar holatiga ko'ra: 1 AQSh dollari - 0,816 evro Buyuk Britaniya £ 1 - € 1,12 Avstraliya $ 1 - € 0.63 Kanada $ 1 - € 0.642 Valyuta kurslari o'zgarib turadi. Ushbu va boshqa valyutalarning amaldagi kurslari quyidagi manzildan olingan XE.com

Slovakia uses the evro, boshqa bir qancha Evropa davlatlari singari. Bir evro 100 sentga bo'lingan. Evroning rasmiy belgisi €, ISO kodi esa EUR. Tsent uchun rasmiy belgi yo'q.

Ushbu umumiy valyutadagi barcha banknotalar va tangalar barcha mamlakatlarda qonuniy to'lov vositasidir, faqat ayrimlarida past nominalli tangalar (bir va ikki tsent) bekor qilinadi. Banknotlar mamlakatlar bo'ylab bir xil ko'rinishga ega, tangalar esa teskari tomonida standart umumiy dizaynga ega bo'lib, ularning qiymatini ifodalaydi va old tomonda milliy mamlakatga xos dizaynga ega. Shuningdek, old tomonda esdalik tangalarining turli xil dizaynlari uchun foydalanilgan. Old tomonning dizayni tanga ishlatilishiga ta'sir qilmaydi.

Until January 1, 2009, the official currency was the koruna ("crown", sk) which can still be found and accepted by the central bank until 2017 at a rate of 30.126sk to €1.

Bank faoliyati

Automatic teller machines (ATM, "bankomat" in Slovak, pl. "bankomaty") are widely available in Slovakia except in smaller villages, and obtaining money there should not present a problem. In most of small villages you can gain money at local postal offices (cashback). Credit cards and debit cards such as Visa, MasterCard, Visa Electron, Cirrus Maestro are widely accepted both in shops and restaurants in bigger cities.

Tips

Tips is not compulsory in Slovakia, but in practice it is common in establishments where you sit in (cafes and restaurants), where rounding up the bill or leaving around 10% tip is common. The tip is given directly to the waiter (i.e. tell him/her how much to give you back), not left on the table in most establishments. Tips are not included in the bill, if there is a percentage shown on your bill, this is usually the VAT. Tip is added to the bill and should be handed to the waiter while you pay, before you leave the table. Tipping is not compulsory, so if you are not satisfied with the service, don't feel obliged to tip! You will not be hassled if you don't.

Tipping is not common in over-the-counter establishments, bars or for other services.

Yemoq

Shuningdek qarang: Central European cuisines

Slovak cuisine focuses mostly on simple and hearty recipes. Historically, what is now considered genuinely Slovak has been the traditional food in the northern villages where people lived off sheep grazing and limited agriculture - in the harsh conditions many crops don't grow, and herbs are more accessible than true spices. Therefore, the staple foods mostly involve (smoked) meat, cheese, potatoes and flour. This does not make the food bland, however, and much of it is quite filling and flavoursome, though can be a bit heavy. As no strong spices or truly exotic ingredients are used, sampling local wares is a safe and rewarding experience.

Some dishes are authentically Slovak, many others are variations on a regional theme. A lot of cheese is typically consumed, out of meats pork and poultry products are the most common, with some beef and game dishes, most common accompaniments being potatoes and various types of dumplings. Since Slovakia is a land-locked country, fish and seafood options are limited (carp is served at Christmas, trout is the most common fish). Soups are quite common both as an appetiser and, as some are quite filling, as a main dish.

If you are a vegetarian, the variety of food in the cities should be decent. However, when venturing out into the countryside, the offer may be limited as vegetables are mostly considered a side and/or eaten mostly raw or in salads. Also, be aware that even though some dishes will be in the vegetarian section of the menu, this merely means that they're not predominantly meat-based and still might be prepared using animal fats or even contain small pieces of meat, so make your requirements clear. Fried cheese with ham or Cesar salad(!) are good examples. Still, almost every restaurant in the country will serve at least the staple choice of fried cheese (the normal, non-ham variety) with fries, which is a universally popular. There should be a good selection of sweet dishes as well, with pancakes, dumplings filled with fruits, jams or chocolate and sweet noodles with nuts/poppy seeds/sweet cottage cheese most common. Seeking out the nearest pizzeria is also a good and accessible option mostly everywhere.

The main meal of the day is traditionally lunch, though this is changing especially in cities due to work schedules, and dinner is increasingly becoming the main meal there.

In all but the most exclusive restaurants it is not customary to be shown to your table by the staff. So when you enter, do not hang out by the door, but simply pick a table of your choice and enjoy. Once you are comfortably seated, waiting staff will be over shortly to give you the menu and let you order drinks.

Again with the possible exception of the most exclusive establishments, there is mostly no dress code enforced in restaurants and informal clothing is fine. Hauling yourself into a restaurant for a well-deserved meal after a day of hiking/skiing in your sporty clothes might attract a few frowns, but you certainly won't be turned away. Generally, anything you would wear for a stroll in town is perfectly fine. You don't need a jacket or closed shoes and in summer shorts are also acceptable.

Slovak food

Bryndzové halušky is a Slovak national dish made out of potato dumplings and a special kind of unpasteurized fermented sheep cheese called 'bryndza'. This meal is unique to Slovakia and quite appetising (and surprisingly filling), and you should not leave Slovakia without trying it. Please note that while this dish will usually be listed in the vegetarian section of the menu, it is served with pieces of fried meaty bacon on top, so if you are a vegetarian make sure to ask for halušky without the bacon. Halušky can be found in many restaurants; however, the quality varies as it is not an easy dish to prepare. If you at all can, seek out an ethnic Slovak restaurant (this can be harder than it sounds), or at least ask locals for the best place in the vicinity. In the northern regions you will also find authentic restaurants called 'Salaš' (this word means sheep farm in Slovak and many take produce directly from these), which serve the most delicious and fresh variety. Sometimes, a variety with smoked cheese added on the top is available. A separate dish called strapačky might also be available where sauerkraut is served instead of bryndza, but it is not as typical (this will also come with bacon on top).

A salaš will usually serve also other typical Slovak dishes, and many will offer several varieties of sheep cheese to buy as well. They are all locally produced, delicious, and well worth buying if you are a cheese fan. Verieties include bryndza (primarily used to make 'Bryndzové halušky', but it is a soft spreadable cheese which is very healthy and often used as a spread), blocks of sheep cheese (soft and malleable, delicious on its own or with salt), parenica (cheese curled in layers into a small peelable roll, sold smoked or unsmoked) and korbáčiky (this word means hair braids in Slovak, and korbáčiky are threads of cheese woven into a pattern resembling a basic braid). Some of these cheeses are available to buy in supermarkets as well but these are mass-produced and not as good.

Most other dishes are regional, and their varieties can be found elsewhere in Central Europe. Bunga quyidagilar kiradi kapustnica, a sauerkraut soup typically eaten at Christmas but served all year round in restaurants. It is flavoursome and can be mildly spicy based on what sausage is used. Depending on the recipe it may also include smoked meat and/or dried mushrooms.

Various large dumplings called pirohy can be found and depending on the filling can be salty or sweet. Fillings include sauerkraut, various types of cheese or meat or simply fruits or jam. They closely resemble Polish pierogi .

Goulash is a regional dish made with cuts of beef, onions, vegetables and squashed potatoes with spices, which is very hearty and filling. Depending on the thickness it can be served as a soup (with bread) or as a stew (served with dumplings). Goulash can be sometimes found outdoors during BBQs or at festival markets, where it is prepared in a big cauldron, sometimes with game instead of beef - this is the most authentic. A variety called Segedin goulash also exists, which is quite distinct and prepared with sauerkraut. Goulash can be quite spicy.

Apart from kapustnica and goulash, which are more of a main dish, other soups are quite popular as an appetiser. Mushroom soup is a typical Christmas dish in many parts, and there are several soups made out of beans or bean sprouts. In restaurants, the most common soups are normal chicken and (sometimes) beef broth, and tomato soup and garlic broth (served with croutons, very tasty, but don't go kissing people after) are also very common. Some restaurants offer certain soups to be served in a small loaf of bread ('v bochniku'), which can be an interesting and tasty experience.

Other typical streetfood includes lokše, potato pancakes (crepes) served with various fillings (popular varieties include duck fat and/or duck liver pate, poppy seeds or jam) and langoš, which is a big deep fried flat bread most commonly served with garlic, cheese and ketchup/sour cream on top. A local version of a burger is also common, called cigánska pečienka (or simply cigánska). This is not made out of beef, however, but instead pork or chicken is used and is served in a bun with mustard/ketchup and (sometimes) onions, chilies and/or diced cabbage. If you are looking for something sweet, in spa cities such as Piesťany, you will find stands selling spa wafers, which are usually two plate-sized thin wafers with various fillings. Try chocolate or hazelnut.

Especially in the western parts, lokše can be found in a restaurant as well, where they are served as side for a roasted goose/duck (husacina), which is a local delicacy.

Other foods worth trying are chicken in paprika sauce with dumplings ('paprikas'), Schnitzel ('Rezeň' in Slovak, very common dish. 'Čiernohorsky rezeň' is a variety that is made with potato dumpling coating used instead of batter and is very good) and Sviečková (sirloin beef with special vegetable sauce, served with dumplings). From the dessert section of the menu, try plum dumplings (sometimes other fruit is used, but plums are traditional); this is a good and quite filling dish on its own as well.

In some parts of the countryside, there is a tradition called zabíjačka, where a pig is killed and its various meat and parts are consumed in a BBQ-like event. This is a lot more historic celebration than you are likely to find in mostly modern Slovakia, but if you have an opportunity to attend, it may be an interesting experience, and the meat and sausages are home-made, delicious and full of flavour. If you can find home-made húrka (pork meat and liver sausage with rice) or krvavníčky (similar to hurka, but with pork blood) on offer elsewhere, they are both very good. U erda ham bor tlačenka (cold meat pressed together with some vegetables, served similar to ham), which is served cold with vinegar and onion on top, and can be bought in supermarkets as well. Various other type of sausages and smoked meats are available commercially.

A thick fried slice of cheese served with French fries and a salad is also a common Slovak dish. It is served in most restaurants, and worth trying out, especially the local variety made from smoked cheese ('údený syr'/'oštiepok') or 'hermelín' (local cheese similar to Camembert). This is not considered a substitute for meat.

There is a good variety of bakery products, including various sweet pastries- try the local fillings of poppy seeds and/or (sweet) cottage cheese (tvaroh). Strudel (štrúdla) is also popular, try the traditional apple and raisins filling or fancier sweet poppy seeds and sour cherries version. For something savoury, try pagáč, which is a puff pastry with little pork cracklings. Local bread is excellent, but please note that some of the several varieties are sprinkled with caraway seeds. You may or may not like this! Baguettes and baguette shops/stands are very common and you will be able to choose from a variety of fillings.

For dessert, visit the local cukráreň. These establishments, though slowly merging into cafes, exclusively specialise in appeasing your sweet tooth and serve a variety of cakes, as well as hot and cold drinks and (sometimes) ice-cream. The cakes resemble similar fare in the Czech Republic or their Viennese cousins. The selection is diverse and on display, so just pick one you like the look of, perhaps a 'krémeš' (a bit of pastry at the bottom, thick filling of vanilla custard, topped with a layer of cream or just chocolate) or 'veterník' (think huge profiterole coated in caramel), selection of tortas etc.

When you are shopping in the supermarket, remember to pick up Tatranky va / yoki Horalky, two brands of similar wafers with hazelnut filling and lightly coated in chocolate that the locals swear by.

International Cuisine

Italian restaurants and pizzerias are extremely popular in Slovakia, and have become ubiquitous. Even if you don't go to an ethnic Italian restaurant, there will be a pizza or pasta dish on almost every restaurant menu. Italian (and generally Mediterranean)ice cream is also very popular.

Chinese and Vietnamese cuisine is also becoming more common everywhere, and kebab/gyros (a bun with sliced bits of meat) stands are very common.

In bigger cities, you will find a selection of ethnic restaurants including Chinese, Thai, Japanese, Italian, French and many others. Moreover, as mentioned above, many Austrian, Czech, Hungarian and Polish dishes with a Slovakian twist are commonplace.

Fast food establishments can be found in Slovakia as anywhere else in the world, McDonalds can be found in many bigger and smaller cities. However, due to the other food being relatively cheap in comparison to the Western prices of fast foods, this is not usually considered the truly budget option. A food in a cheaper restaurant will cost 1-1.5x the price of a meal combo (sometimes even less) and might prove a better value. Still, these establishments are reasonably popular, especially with the younger generation.

Ichish

Alkogolsiz ichimliklar

For non-alcoholic drinks try Vinea, a soft drink made from grapes, in both red and white and also non-carbonated. Kofola, a Coke-type soft drink, is also very popular among locals and is available both on tap and bottled. Slovakia is one of three countries in the world where Coca-Cola is not the number one in the market.

Mineral waters are some of the best in the World, come in numerous varieties and each has unique positive health effects (e.g. getting rid of heartburn, improving digestion etc.) depending on the type of minerals naturally found in the water.There are many types available from shops and supermarkets, for example Budiš, Mitická, Slatina, Rajec, Dobrá Voda, Zlatá studňa, Fatra etc. Others are only available directly from the many natural mineral springs common all across the country. As these are true 'mineral' waters, they will invariably contain minerals, and the taste will differ according to the brand/spring. If you don't like one, try a different brand! You may also try mineral waters with various flavourings, ranging from raspberry to 'mojito'.

In contrast to what you might be used to, sparkling water is the default option, so if you prefer still you might have to look for this specifically. The level of carbonation is marked by the label. Dark blue or Red label usually indicates carbonated ones ("perlivá"), a green label indicates mildly carbonated ones ("mierne perlivá") and white, pink or baby blue indicates those without carbon dioxide ("neperlivá"). Due to the excellent local choice and quality of the water, international brands are not as common.

In restaurants, serving of a free glass of water is not a part of the culture, so remember that if you ask for one it is quite likely that you will be brought (most likely sparkling) mineral water instead (and charged for it).

Out of hot drinks kofe is available everywhere, mostly in three varieties (cafes in cities will offer more) - espresso, 'normal' coffee which is served medium-sized, small and black and Viennese coffee which is 'normal' coffee with a dollop of cream on top. Cappuccinos are quite common as well. Coffee is served with sugar and cream/milk on the side. Hot chocolate is popular as well. Choy rooms are quite popular as a place to chill out in major cities. These usually have a laid-back, vaguely oriental ambiance, and offer a great variety of black, green, white and fruit teas. Schisha might be on offer as well. A part of this culture spread to the other catering establishments, most of which will now offer a choice at least between fruit and black tea. Note that black tea is served with sugar and lemon in Slovakia, serving of milk or cream is not common. Some places may offer a beverage called 'hot apple', which tastes a bit like softer hot apple juice.

Spirtli ichimliklar

Drinking is very much a part of the Slovak culture and some form of alcohol will be served at most social occasions. However, the locals mostly hold their liquor well and being visibly drunk is frowned upon, so be aware of your limits. Note that some locally brewed spirits may be stronger than what you are used to, and that the standard shot glass in Slovakia is 50ml, which may be more than you are used to if arriving from Western Europe. If you order double vodka, you will get 1dl of it! Alcohol in general is cheap compared to Western Europe or the US. There are no special shops, and alcoholic beverages can be purchased in practically any local supermarket or food store. You can legally drink and purchase alcohol if you are 18 years or older, but this is not very strictly enforced. You still might be IDed in some city clubs if you look very young, however.

Uchun beers, there are a great variety of excellent local brews that are similar in style and quality to Czech beers (which are also widely available), and beer is mostly the local drink of choice. Try out the Zlatý Bažant, Smädný Mních, Topvar va Šariš. Šariš is also available in a dark version that is thicker and heavier on your stomach. If the local tastes do not satisfy, "Western" beers are sold in the bigger restaurants and pubs.

Slovakia has also some great local sharoblar, many similar to Germanic Riesling styles. There is a number of wine-growing regions in the south with centuries worth of tradition, including the area just outside Bratislava. If you can, try to visit one of the local producer's wine cellars, as many are historical and it is a cultural experience as of itself. You might also be offered home-made wine if you are visiting these areas, as many locals ferment their own wines. The quality obviously varies. Every year at the end of May and beginning of November, an event called Small Carpathian Wine Road takes place in Small Carpathian Wine Region (between Bratislava va Trnava), where all the local producers open their cellars to the public. Buy a ticket in the nearest cellar and you will receive a wine glass and admission into any cellar in the region, where you can sample the best produce from the previous year.

There are also sweeter wines grown in South-Eastern border regions called Tokaj. Tokaj is fermented out of the special Tokaj grape variety endemic to the region (part of which is in Hungary and part in Slovakia) and it is a sweet dessert wine. Tokaj is considered a premium brand with a world-wide reputation and is arguably some of the best Central Europe has to offer. Other Slovak wines might not be widely known outside the region but they are certainly worth a try. Around the harvest time in the autumn, in the wine-producing regions, young wine called burčiak is often sold and popular among the locals. As burčiak strengthens with fermentation (as it becomes actual wine), its alcohol content can vary quite wildly.

Slovakia produces good spirits. Excellent is the plum brandy (Slivovica), pear brandy (Hruškovica) or herb liquor Demänovka. But the most typical alcohol is Borovička, a type of gin. Chex Fernet, a type of aromatic bitter spirit is also very popular. In some shops you may try a 25 or 50 ml shot for very little money, so as to avoid buying a big bottle of something of unknown flavour, then decide whether to buy or not to buy. International brands are also available, but at a price premium (still cheaper than in most Western countries, however).

If you are a more adventurous type, you can try some home-made fruit brandys that the locals sometimes offer to foreigners. Slivovica is the most common, but also pear brandy, apricot brandy, or raspberry brandy can be found. Drinking is a part of the tradition, especially in the countryside. If you are visiting locals, don't be surprised if you are offered home-made spirit as a welcome drink nor that the host may be quite proud of this private stock. The home-made liquors are very strong (up to 60% alcohol), so be careful. If Slivovica is matured for 12 or more years, it can become a pleasant digestive drink.

In winter months, mulled wine is available at all winter markets and mulled mead is also common. A mixed hot drink called grog, which consists of black tea and a shot of local 'rum' is very popular, especially in the skiing resorts, and really warms you up.

Qil

• Visit the nearest chateau/castle - many are hundreds of years old, some preserved in a habitable state with period furnishings and many guided tours are offered.
• Piyoda sayr qiling! - the entire Slovakia (except flatlands) is covered with hundreds of miles of extremely well-marked hiking trails, that especially in the national parks lead though gorgeous landscapes. Get the idea Bu yerga.
• Visit one of the traditional wooden churches, they're unique to the region. These might not be readily accessible without a car, however.
• Go spelunking - caves are interspersed around Slovakia and as many are open to general public they are some of the most accessible in the world. Many are UNESCO listed, including Dobsinska Ice Cave (in Slovak Paradise), and Ochrinska Aragonite Cave, Domica, Jasovska Cave va Gombasek Cave (all in Slovak Karst)

• Visit a local festival - in the early spring 'Fasiangy' (Mardi Gras) is celebrated, especially in the countryside, and in early autumn the end of the harvest period is celebrated in wine-producing regions. The part of the centre of the town will be closed and a traditional market available, mostly with local produce and handicrafts for sale and plenty to eat and drink. In bigger cities, similar Christmas markets open in December/around Christmas.
• Ski and snowboard in the mountains, especially Baland Tatralar va Past Tatralar. Smaller ranges are also very suitable for cross-country skiing
• Navigate down the rivers Váh or Dunajec on a raft through picturesque gorges. For a more gentle ride, raft down the Small Danube.
• If you're into railway history or would like to spend a day romantically, Slovakia offers a number of phased-out railway tracks, which were once used for transporting wood, but now transport only tourists in cosy steam trains through forests and valleys. The best-preserved of them all is ČHŽ near the town of Brezno.
• Slovakia offers many excellent spas. If you enjoy stinking mud and are willing to pay for it, the best, most famous (and most expensive) spa is located in Piesťany. Important spas are also in Trenčianske Teplice, Rajecké Teplice, Bardejov, Dudince va Podhájska.
• If the above is too sedate for you and you'd welcome some water slides and fun, try water parks in Bešeňová, Liptovskiy Mikulash, Poprad, Turčianske Teplice, Oravice, Senec. Significantly cheaper are classical open-air pools, some of the best are in Veľký Meder va Štúrovo.

Madaniy tadbirlar

• International Film Festival Artfilm. Yearly in June/July in Trenčianske Teplice va Trenčín.  
• International Film Festival Cinematik. Yearly in early September in Piesťany. Young and relatively small film festival. Accreditation for the whole festival is less than €7.  
• International Film Festival Bratislava. Forever in December.  
• Comics-Salón - A event dedicated to Japanese Anime & Manga, Fantasy and SciFi and its fans, but not only them! Great atmosphere, friendly folk and lots of fun awaits you there. This events roots stretch back to 2004, when it was held in "Súza" for the first time. Now, once every year early in September Bratislava enjoys the rush of fine individuals from all over Europe to participate in this unique event. For the past 2 years, the location was moved to "Istropolis" exhibition halls due to space constraints.

Music events

• Pohoda Music Festival. One of the biggest Slovak music festivals, critically acclaimed and recognised on European scale. Yearly in July in Trenčín. Hosts mostly alternative music. 
• Grape Music Festival. Another great smaller alternative music festival. Yearly in August in Piesťany. 

Uyqu

There is a wide range of accommodation available in Slovakia. These range from AquaCity, based in Poprad, through to budget priced rooms in rental chalets.

The most luxurious hotels can mostly be found in major cities such as Bratislava and Košice and in the major tourist destinations like the High Tatras or the spa towns (the situation here is unique as the price of the hotel usually includes some of the spa procedures). These hotels offer Western style comfort and prices.

There will be at least one hotel available in every major town or tourist area, but the quality varies. Some of the mid-range hotels were built during the Communist era in the corresponding architecture style, which might make them look less appealing from the outside, though the interiors might be perfectly adequate.

Budget hostels are mostly concentrated in the major cities, and you can expect typical hostel prices as in the rest of (Central) Europe. If you are venturing outside of cities, there are numerous mountain huts available for short-term rent in the mountain areas. Especially in touristy areas there will be many private rooms available for rent, look out for 'Zimmer Frei' signs. This typically does not include breakfast.

When hiking, official maintained mountain cabins offer cheap accommodation for hikers on trails in all of the national parks and a lot of the national conservation areas. They have a limited number of beds (if any) and generally limited capacity, so for the more frequented places during the high season an advance booking might be necessary and is recommended. If you don't manage to book a bed, you might be allowed to still stay overnight, sleeping on the floor in designated areas. Either way, you will probably want to bring your own sleeping bag. The facilities, due to the location, are limited, but there will be a shared toilet and possibly a shower. There's usually a kitchen that serves several hearty hot dishes and a number of drinks at pretty reasonable prices.

It is only legal to pitch a tent in Slovakia outside national parks and propected natural zones (where should be signposts but there might not depending on how and where you enter these), but camping is reasonably popular in summer.Camping grounds in Slovakia (non-exhaustive list):

Name	Region	Manzil	Address
Camping Bojnice[o'lik havola]		Bojnice	Kopálková Silvia
ATC Zlaté Piesky		Bratislava	Senecká cesta 2
Autocamping Bystrina		Demänovská Dolina
Tília kemp Gäceľ		Dolný Kubín	Gäceľská cesta
Camping Kamzík		Donovaly
Autocamping Margita a Ilona		Levice-Kalinciakovo
Autokemp Levocska'Dolina		Levoca
Autocamping Oravice		Liesek
Autocamping Turiec s.r.o.		Martin	Kolóna Hviezda c. 92
Autocamping Slnava II		Piestany
Autocamping Lodenica		Piestany
Autocamping Tajov		Tajov
Eurocamp FICC[o'lik havola]		Tatranská Lomnica
Intercamp Tatranec		Tatranská Lomnica	Vysoké Tatry 202
Autocamping Na Ostrove		Trencin
Autocamping Trusalová		Turany
Autocamping Varín		Varin
Autocamping Vavrisovo		Vavrisovo

O'rganing

Ko'pgina yirik shaharlarda bir qator slovak tili kurslari va / yoki xususiy o'qituvchilar mavjud bo'lishi kerak.

Mamlakatda oliy ma'lumot olish uchun ingliz tilida o'qitiladigan bir nechta ajoyib markazlar mavjud. Bunga quyidagilar kiradi Komenskiy universiteti yilda Bratislava, Bilan birga Slovakiyaning eng qadimgi va eng obro'li universiteti Pavol Yozef Safarik universiteti yilda Koshice, Matej Bel universiteti yilda Banska-Bystrica va Slovakiya texnologiya universiteti Bratislavada. Slovakiyada o'qish haqida ko'proq ma'lumotni topish mumkin Bu yerga^{[o'lik havola]}.

Ish

Slovakiya Evropa Ittifoqining a'zosi, shuning uchun agar siz boshqa a'zo davlatning fuqarosi bo'lsangiz, qonuniy ravishda Slovakiyada yashashingiz va cheklovlarsiz ishlashingiz mumkin. Ish ro'yxatlari uchun eng mashhur veb-sayt profesia.sk

Aksariyat elchixonalar Evropa fuqarolariga ham maslahat berishadi. 2017 yilda o'rtacha ish haqi oyiga 944 evroni tashkil etdi. Eng yaxshi ish haqi oyiga o'rtacha 1500 evrodan oshadigan IT-mutaxassislari hisoblanadi (qurilish ishchilari oyiga 560 evro va ofitsiantlar oyiga 340 evro maosh oladilar).

Agar siz Evropa Ittifoqidan tashqarida bo'lsangiz, Slovakiyada ishlash uchun sizga viza kerak bo'ladi va qo'shimcha ma'lumot olish uchun o'zingiz va / yoki Slovakiya elchixonasiga murojaat qilganingiz ma'qul. Ingliz tilini ikkinchi til sifatida o'qitish - bu mashhur ish variantidir. E'tibor bering, agar siz ingliz / nemis tillari talab qilinadigan xalqaro firmalar va shunga o'xshash tashkilotlarda ba'zi lavozimlarga murojaat qilmasangiz, ehtimol siz boshqa ishlarning aksariyati uchun slovak tilini bilishingiz kerak bo'ladi.

Xavfsiz bo'ling

Slovakiya umuman xavfsizdir, hatto Evropa standartlariga ko'ra, va siz mehmon sifatida hech qanday muammoga duch kelmasligingiz mumkin. Zo'ravonlik bilan jinoyatchilik ayniqsa kam uchraydi va Slovakiya ko'p Evropa mamlakatlariga qaraganda jon boshiga nisbatan zo'ravonlik jinoyati kamroq. Biroq, sayohatchining eng katta qo'rquvi, ehtimol yo'llar.

Yo'llar odatda kam yoritilgan va juda tor. Agar siz haydashni rejalashtirmoqchi bo'lsangiz siz spirtli ichimliklar ta'sirida bo'lmasligingiz kerak. Agar siz bunday qilmishga tushib qolsangiz, jazo juda og'ir.

Favqulodda vaziyat yuzaga kelgan taqdirda universal favqulodda raqam - 112 raqamiga qo'ng'iroq qiling. Politsiya uchun siz 158, tez yordam 155 va o't o'chiruvchilar 150 raqamlariga qo'ng'iroq qilishingiz mumkin.

Shuni eslatib o'tish kerak emas 2006 yil "Xostel" filmi, uning fitnasi "Slovakiyada" bo'lib o'tadi to'liq fantastika asariva sayyohlarni o'g'irlash va qiynoqqa solish ehtimoli Slovakiyada AQSh yoki G'arbiy Evropaning har qanday rivojlangan shahrida bo'lgani kabi bir xil - astronomik jihatdan past. Slovakiya, Evropaning ko'p qismida bo'lgani kabi, barcha sayyohlar uchun xavfsiz sayohat joyi hisoblanadi. Xuddi shunday, Amerika filmi Eurotrip (2004) nozik mavzuni isbotlashi mumkin, chunki u Slovakiyani dahshatli darajada rivojlanmagan mamlakat sifatida tasvirlaydi, bu ham yolg'ondir.

Shaharlarga tashrif buyurganingizda, boshqa Evropaning har qanday shaharlarida bo'lgani kabi ehtiyot bo'ling - aql-idrokdan foydalaning, qorong'ulikdan keyin ehtiyot bo'ling, atrofingizdan xabardor bo'ling, narsalaringizni ko'z o'ngingizda saqlang, mast va yigitlar guruhidan saqlaning. Cho'ntaklarni ba'zan ko'proq olomonda va yirik temir yo'l / avtobus bekatlarida topish mumkin.

Slovakiyaning tog'li hududlariga tashrif buyurganingizda, ayniqsa Baland Tatralar, mehmonxonaning xodimlariga yoki boshqa ishonchli odamlarga aniq qayerga borganingizni xabar bering, agar qaytib kelmasangiz qutqaruvchilar sizni qidirib topish uchun yuborilishi mumkin. Baland Tatralarning nisbatan kichik maydoni va balandligi juda aldamchi - bu ob-havoning oldindan aytib bo'lmaydigan darajada tik va qiyin joyidir. Hech qachon yolg'iz piyoda yurmang va mos vositalardan foydalaning. Tog'larni qutqarish xizmati qo'shimcha va dolzarb ma'lumotlarning yaxshi manbasidir, ularning ogohlantirishlariga jiddiy e'tibor bering. Favqulodda vaziyatda ular bilan 18300 yoki universal 112 raqamiga qo'ng'iroq qilish mumkin. Tibbiy sug'urta qoplamasi oldingizga chiqishdan oldin tog'dagi tadbirlarni o'z ichiga olganligiga ishonch hosil qiling, chunki borish qiyin bo'lgan joylarda qutqaruv missiyasi qimmatga tushishi mumkin.

Shuni ham unutmangki, Yuqori Tatralardagi ob-havo, ayniqsa bahor va kuz davrida to'satdan o'zgarishga moyil.

Slovakiya Evropada qolgan o'xshash mamlakatlar qatoriga kiradi ayiqlar va bo'rilar hali ham yovvoyi tabiatda yashaydi. So'nggi 100 yil ichida ayiq hujumidan hech kim o'lmagan bo'lsa-da, har yili bir nechta hujumlar sodir bo'ladi. Sizning sayyoh sifatida uchrashish imkoniyatingiz juda past, ammo bunday imkoniyat mavjud. Ayiq sizning borligingizni bilsa, sizdan qochadi, shuning uchun bunga yo'l qo'ymaslikning eng yaxshi usuli - baland ovozda gaplashish / qo'shiq aytish / qarsak chalish va h.k.lar orqali o'zingizni huzuringizga etkazish, ayniqsa sizni u bilan ko'rish qiyin bo'lgan joyda. masofa. Agar siz ayiqni ko'rsangiz, yugurmang, lekin maydonni teskari yo'nalishda asta-sekin qoldiring. Agar siz mehmonxonangizdan birini ko'rsangiz - ehtimol axlat qutilaridan oziqlanish - bu odatiy hol, ammo bu hali ham mumkin emas - unga yaqinlashmang yoki ovqatlantirmang.

Sog'lom bo'ling

Slovakiyada bo'lish yoki u erda qolish uchun hech qanday emlash kerak emas, ammo agar siz qishloq joylariga borishni rejalashtirmoqchi bo'lsangiz, shomilga qarshi emlash tavsiya etiladi. Shuningdek, Gepatit "A" va "B" ga qarshi emlash barcha Evropa davlatlarida bo'lgani kabi maqsadga muvofiqdir.

Shomil qishloq o'rmonlarida, shuningdek ba'zan katta bog'larda topish mumkin va ba'zi joylarda ular olib yurishlari mumkin Shomil bilan yuqadigan ensefalit. Ular butalar va balandroq o'tlarda yashaydilar (daraxtlar yiqilganda). Shuning uchun, piyoda yurish paytida qalin shoxlardan qochishga harakat qiling va qaytib kelganingizda doimo tanangizni tekshirib ko'ring (Shomil iliq joylarni qidirishga moyil). Shomilni iloji boricha tezroq boshidan tishlagan joyidan siljitib oling (hech qachon tanangizni sindirib tashlamang, chunki bosh terida qoladi va yuqishi mumkin). Yalang'och qo'llar bilan biron bir bosqichda shomilga tegmang, pinset va lateks qo'lqoplardan foydalaning.

Oziq-ovqat va ichimliklarning aksariyati mutlaqo xavfsizdir, Slovakiyadagi gigiena standartlari G'arbiy / Markaziy Evropaning boshqa joylari bilan bir xil.

Müslüm suvi hamma joyda ichish mumkin - bitta tadqiqotga ko'ra, Bratislava-Vena mintaqasida musluk suvi sifatida ishlatiladigan suv dunyodagi eng toza hisoblanadi. Agar siz mineral suvlarni afzal ko'rsangiz, siz ko'plab tovar belgilaridan birini tanlashingiz mumkin, chunki Slovakiyada aholi jon boshiga tabiiy mineral suv manbalarining eng ko'p miqdori bo'lishi mumkin.

Baland Tatralar eng katta yoki eng baland tog 'tizmasi bo'lmasligi mumkin, ammo ba'zi yo'llarda mashaqqatli ko'tarilishlar, toshloq erlar va ob-havo oldindan aytib bo'lmaydi. Tegishli vositani oling, qobiliyatingizni oshirib yubormang va aql-idrokdan foydalaning.

Agar siz mahalliy daryolar / tabiiy suv havzalarida / ko'llarda suzishga qaror qilsangiz, aksariyat mahalliy aholi singari, shuni yodda tutingki, boshqacha ko'rsatma berilmagan bo'lsa, ushbu mashg'ulotlar hayot qo'riqchisi tomonidan nazorat qilinmaydi va siz o'zingizni xavf ostiga qo'yasiz.

Sog'liqni saqlash standarti juda yuqori, ammo ingliz tilini biladigan ko'plab shifokorlar bo'lmaganligi sababli til to'siqlari muammo bo'lishi mumkin. Biroq, a bo'lgan katta shaharlarda bu muammo bo'lmasligi kerak Fakultná nemocnica.

Slovakiyada supermarketlarda yoki dorixonalarda retseptsiz sotiladigan dorilar yo'q, sizga aspirin kerak bo'lsa ham, dorixonaga borishingiz kerak bo'ladi. Hatto kichikroq shaharlarda ham 24/7 bitta ochiq bo'lishi kerak. Eng yaqin yashil xoch belgisiga e'tibor bering - hatto ushbu dorixona yopiq bo'lsa ham, eshikdagi belgi sizni eng yaqin ochilgan dorixona tomon yo'naltiradi. Agar sizga ma'lum bir dori kerak bo'lsa, retseptingizni tayyorlab qo'ying, chunki ko'plab dorilar talab qiladi.

Hurmat

Slovaklar - erkin demokratik davlatda yashaydigan do'stona va tinch odamlar. Dushmanlik yoki haqiqiy muammolarni keltirib chiqaradigan bitta muammo yo'q. Odatda yuz berishi mumkin bo'lgan eng yomon narsa - bu sizni bir oz mazaxo'r deb o'ylashingiz va tarix sizga boshqa pivo orqali tushuntirishi. Biroq, ba'zi mavzularni muhokama qilishda hurmat va sezgir bo'lish foydali bo'ladi.

Esingizda bo'lsin, Slovakiya - 1993 yildan beri Chexoslovakiya Slovakiya Respublikasi va Chexiyaga bo'linib ketganidan beri mustaqil bo'lgan alohida xalq. Bu "yosh millat" dir, chunki u o'zining ko'pgina tarixida Avstriya-Vengriya yoki Chexoslovakiya singari boshqa ko'p millatli davlatlarning bir qismi bo'lgan. Shuning uchun, ba'zi odamlar millat masalasi haqida gap ketganda sezgir bo'lishi mumkin. Chexoslovakiyani ajratib yuborgan baxmal ajrashish haqida gap ketganda, hech qanday dushmanlik yoki norozilik yo'q va ikki xalq juda do'stona bo'lib qolmoqda. Slovakiyani boshqa davlatning bir qismi deb atamang va yaxshi bo'lishingiz kerak.

Ikkinchi Jahon Urushi davrida Slovakiyaning mavqei juda murakkab edi va millatchilar bilan gaplashishda ushbu mavzudan qochish yaxshiroqdir. Xuddi shunday, Kommunizmning o'n yilliklari mamlakatda iz qoldirdi va bu juda nozik mavzu bo'lishi mumkin. Slovakiya, ilgari Sovet blokining bir qismi bo'lgan bo'lsa-da, hech qachon SSSR yoki Rossiya imperiyasining tarkibiga kirmagan. Iltimos, buni eslang.

Natsistlar salomidan foydalanish Slovakiyada jinoiy javobgarlik hisoblanadi.

Roma / lo'lilar ozchiliklari bilan munosabatlar ba'zan yomonlashadi va ba'zi odamlar bu borada qat'iy qarashlarga ega bo'lishlari mumkin. Slovakiyadagi ozchiliklarning ahvoli to'g'risida har qanday suhbat yoki bahsga kirishishdan oldin o'zingizni o'rganing.

Slovaklar juda mehmondo'st va agar ular sizni o'z uylariga taklif qilsalar, ularga yaxshi qarashadi va turli xil taomlar va ichimliklar taklif qilishadi. Agar siz tushlikka taklif qilinsa, tushlik an'anaviy ravishda kunning asosiy taomidir, chunki kechki ovqatda bo'lgani kabi, 2-3 ta taomni kuting. Uy egasi uchun kichik bir sovg'a, masalan, bir shisha sharob yoki yaxshi ruh, bir quti shokolad yoki kichik guldasta olib kelish odobli hisoblanadi, lekin hech qachon pul to'lamoqchi bo'lganingiz kabi pul bermang mehmondo'stlik uchun.

Aksariyat odamlar tashqi oyoq kiyimlarini gigienik sabablarga ko'ra ichkarida ishlatishmaydi, shuning uchun kimningdir uyiga kirayotganda poyabzalingizni koridorda echib oling. Xavotir olmang, ular oyoqlaringizni isitish uchun sizga zaxira terlik topishadi.

Uy egasi oilasi bilan restoranda ovqatlanayotganda, ular hisobni tanlashlari odatiy holdir. Bu sodir bo'lmasligi mumkin, lekin agar ular bo'lsa ajablanmang.

Biror kishini tanishtirishda yoki u bilan uchrashishda, hatto qarshi jins vakillarida va hatto birinchi marta, qo'l berib ko'rish o'rniga bir-ikki marta (mintaqaga qarab) yonoqdan o'pish odatiy hol emas. Bu ikki erkak o'rtasida keng tarqalgan emas, lekin ayollar uchun odatiy holdir. Xavotir olmang va bu jinsiy harakat emasligini unutmang.

Ulanmoq

Slovakiya uchun xalqaro qo'ng'iroq kodi - 421.

Favqulodda vaziyatda 112 raqamli universal raqamga qo'ng'iroq qiling. Shuningdek, siz to'g'ridan-to'g'ri o't o'chiruvchilar uchun 150 raqamiga, shoshilinch tibbiy yordam vaqtida 155 yoki politsiya uchun 158 raqamiga qo'ng'iroq qilishingiz mumkin.

Slovakiya telefonlari GSM standarti, mamlakatning aksariyat qismini qamrab oladi va 3G mintaqaning katta qismini qamrab oladi. Qabul qilish juda ajablanarli darajada yaxshi va agar siz chuqur jarlikda bo'lmasangiz, tog'li hududlarda ham tez-tez signal berasiz. Uchta asosiy operator - Orange, T-mobile va O2 mavjud va ularning barchasi 900 yoki 1800Mhz standartidan foydalanadi, bu 1900Mhzda ishlaydigan ba'zi AQSh telefonlariga mos kelmasligi mumkin.

Ularning barchasi (eng yiriklari Funfón va Tesco Mobile bo'lgan ba'zi virtual operatorlar bilan bir qatorda) har xil "borayotganda to'lash" sxemalari (agar siz eng yaxshi bitimni istasangiz, ba'zi bozor tadqiqotlarini o'tkazish tavsiya etiladi) bilan oldindan to'langan turli xil kartalarni taklif etamiz. Agar sizda qulflanmagan telefon bo'lsa, ularni har qanday telefon do'konidan olish oson yoki oldindan to'langan karta qo'shilgan holda arzon telefon sotib olishingiz mumkin.

Hali ham ba'zi telefon qutilari mavjud, ammo hozirda mobil telefonlar odatiy holga aylanib, ular soni kamayib bormoqda. Shuni ham unutmangki, ulardan ba'zilaridan foydalanish uchun oldindan to'langan kartani sotib olishingiz kerak bo'ladi.

Wi-Fi va keng polosali ulanishlarni hamma joyda ko'proq yoki kamroq topish mumkin, hatto kichik shaharlarda ham Internet-kafe / o'yin xonasi mavjud bo'ladi. Shuningdek, yotoqxonalar, pablar, kafelar va kutubxonalar yoki hukumat binolari kabi ba'zi davlat muassasalari (bepul) Wi-Fi xizmatlarini taklif qilishadi.

Engish

Barcha xorijiy elchixonalar Bratislavada, shaharning eski shahar qismida joylashgan. A Slovakiyadagi elchixonalar ro'yxati aloqa ma'lumotlari bilan mamlakat veb-saytida tanishishingiz mumkin. Agar sizning mamlakatingizda Slovakiyada elchixona mavjud bo'lmasa, ehtimol eng yaqin elchixonani Avstriyadagi Venada topishingiz mumkin, unga Bratislavadan poezd, qayiq, avtobus yoki mashina bilan borish oson.