Vengriya - Hungary

Vengriya (Venger: Magyarorszag) an yi ajoyib poytaxtga ega bo'lgan a'zo davlat, Budapeshtva eng katta ko'l Markaziy Evropa, Balaton. Vengriya turli xil yo'nalishlarni taklif etadi: shimoli-g'arbda nisbatan past tog'lar, sharqda Buyuk tekislik, har xil ko'llar va daryolar va ko'plab chiroyli kichik qishloqlar va shaharlarning yashirin toshlari. Vengriyaning Evropaning o'rtalarida joylashganligi, jonli madaniyati va iqtisodiyoti bilan engib chiqing va agar siz mintaqada bo'lsangiz, tashrif buyurishingiz kerak bo'lgan manzilga ega bo'lasiz.

Mintaqalar

47 ° 10′48 ″ N 19 ° 30′0 ″ E

Vengriya xaritasi

Shaharlar

• 47.49833333333319.0408333333331 Budapesht - Budapesht yashil rangga to'lgan bog'lar, qiziqarli muzeylar va tungi hayoti bilan Evropaning eng yoqimli va yoqimli shaharlaridan biridir
• 47.5321.6391666666672 Debretsen - mamlakatdagi ikkinchi yirik shahar
• 47.68416666666717.6344444444443 Dyor - uning yoqimli barokko markazida ko'plab kafe, restoran, butik va tungi klublar mavjud
• 46.907419.69174 Keckemet - jonli musiqa sahnasi, olxo'ri brendi va Art Nouveau me'morchiligi bilan mashhur shahar
• 48.120.7833333333335 Miskolc - noyob g'or hammomi bilan Miskolc-Tapolca, mamlakatdagi uchinchi yirik shahar, Buk tepaliklari yaqinida joylashgan
• 47.9521.7166666666676 Nyíregyháza - gavjum suv kurorti, muzey qishlog'i va yillik kuz festivali bo'lgan o'rta shahar
• 46.07083333333318.2330555555567 Pécs - yoqimli madaniy markaz va universitet shaharchasi
• 46.2520.1666666666678 Seged - Vengriyaning eng quyoshli shahri
• 47.218.4166666666679 Sekesfehérvar - barokko arxitekturasi va muzeylari bilan mashhur bo'lgan sobiq qirollik o'rindig'i

Boshqa yo'nalishlar

• 46.8517.721 Balaton ko'li - Vengriyaning eng katta ko'li va undagi eng katta ko'l Markaziy Evropa
• 47.5945821.156782 Hortobagi milliy bog'i - Vengriyaning eng katta qo'riqlanadigan hududi va Evropadagi eng katta yarim tabiiy o'tloq

Tushuning

Poytaxt	Budapesht
Valyuta	forint (HUF)
Aholisi	9,7 million (2020)
Elektr	230 volt / 50 gerts (Europlug, Schuko)
Mamlakat kodi	36
Vaqt zonasi	UTC 01:00
Favqulodda vaziyatlar	112, 104 (shoshilinch tibbiy yordam xizmatlari), 105 (o't o'chiruvchilar), 107 (politsiya)
Haydash tomoni	to'g'ri
Wikidata-da tahrirlash

Shuningdek qarang: Avstriya-Vengriya imperiyasi

Kurultayda otliqlar, har yili qayta tiklanadigan festival Bugak ustida Buyuk tekislik

Vengriya dunyodagi eng mashhur 15 ta sayyohlik yo'nalishlaridan biri hisoblanadi poytaxt sifatida qaraladi dunyodagi eng go'zallaridan biri. Vengriyada nisbatan kichik bo'lishiga qaramay, ko'p sonli Jahon merosi ob'ektlari, YuNESKO biosfera qo'riqxonalari, dunyodagi ikkinchi eng katta termal ko'l (Xeviz ko'li), Markaziy Evropadagi eng katta ko'l (Balaton ko'li) va Evropadagi eng katta tabiiy yaylov (Hortobagiya). Binolar jihatidan Vengriyada Evropadagi eng yirik ibodatxona (Budapeshtning Buyuk ibodatxonasi), Evropadagi eng katta dorivor hammom (Széchenyi Medicinal Bath), Evropada uchinchi o'rin tutadigan cherkov (Esztergom Bazilikasi), ikkinchi o'rinda joylashgan hududiy abbatlik mavjud. dunyoda (Pannonhalma Archabbey), dunyodagi ikkinchi yirik barokko qal'asi (Gödollo) va Italiya tashqarisidagi eng yirik erta nasroniy nekropoli (Pek).

Siz xavfsiz oziq-ovqat va suv, yaxshi xavfsizlik va umuman barqaror siyosiy muhitni topishingizni kutishingiz mumkin.

Vengriya tashkil topganidan beri etnik jihatdan xilma-xil bo'lib kelgan va bugungi kunda aholining 90% dan ortig'i etnik jihatdan vengerlar, etnik va madaniy slovaklar, ruminlar, nemislar, Romani / sinti odamlar (Lo'lilar) va boshqalar mamlakatda nuqta bor. Birinchi jahon urushidan keyin Vengriyadagi chegara o'zgarishlari tufayli 2 milliondan ortiq etnik va madaniy vengerlar chegaradosh mamlakatlarda ham yashaydilar. Vengerlar, boshqacha aytganda magyarlar deb atalganlar - bu O'rta Osiyodan kelgan, shiddatli, ko'chmanchi otliqlar deb hisoblangan va 9-asrda Markaziy Evropaga kelgan bir necha qabilalarning avlodlari.

Siyosat

Vengriya avtoritar xatti-harakatlarda ayblangan o'ng qanotli konservativ partiya tomonidan boshqariladi. Bu ba'zi bir joylarda hushyorlar tomonidan zo'ravonlik hujumiga uchragan rimliklar / sintilarni hisobga olmaganda, siyosiy faoliyatdan voz kechadigan va qonunni buzmaydigan sayohatchilarga ta'sir qilishi ehtimoldan yiroq emas. "Jobbik" o'ta o'ng qanot muxolifat partiyasi antisemitizm va anti-romani / sinti bayonotlarini ham bergan va agar u kuchliroq kuchga ega bo'lsa, ehtimol ko'pchilik odamlar xavf ostida qolishi mumkin; u 2014 va 2018 yilgi saylovlarda 19-20% ovoz oldi. Shuningdek, chet elliklarga qarshi umumiy kayfiyat va etnik jihatdan Evropaga o'xshamaydigan odamlarga qarshi irqchilik haqida xabarlar mavjud, ammo Vengriya bu borada sobiq Sharqiy Blokning o'rtacha ko'rsatkichiga to'g'ri keladi.

Iqlim

Vengriyada harorat yil davomida -20 ° C dan 39 ° C gacha o'zgarib turadi. Mamlakatning kontinental iqlimi tufayli yog'ingarchilikning tarqalishi va chastotasini oldindan aytib bo'lmaydi. Yozning issiq kunlaridan keyin kuchli bo'ronlar tez-tez bo'lib turadi, shuning uchun kuzda yana bir necha kun davom etadigan yomg'ir yog'adi. Mamlakatning g'arbiy qismida odatda sharqiy qismga qaraganda ko'proq yomg'ir yog'adi va yozda qattiq qurg'oqchilik bo'lishi mumkin. Buyuk tekislikdagi ob-havo sharoiti ayniqsa og'ir bo'lishi mumkin, yozi issiq, qishi sovuq va kam yog'ingarchilik bo'lishi mumkin.

Bayramlar

• 1 yanvar - Yangi yil kuni
• 15 mart - Milliy kun (1848 yilgi Vengriya inqilobi va Avstriya imperiyasiga qarshi mustaqillik urushi munosabati bilan)
• harakatlanuvchi - Xayrli juma
• harakatlanuvchi - Pasxa
• 1 may - Xalqaro ishchilar kuni
• harakatlanuvchi - Hosil bayrami
• 20 avgust - Davlat poydevori kuni (shuningdek, Aziz Stiven kuni sifatida ham tanilgan)
• 23 oktyabr - Milliy kun (Respublika kuni deb ham nomlanadi)
• 1 noyabr - Barcha azizlar kuni
• 25-26 dekabr - Rojdestvo

Chiqinglar

Vengriya Shengen shartnomasi.

• Odatda shartnomani imzolagan va amalga oshirgan mamlakatlar o'rtasida chegara nazorati mavjud emas. Bunga Evropa Ittifoqining aksariyat qismi va boshqa bir qator mamlakatlar kiradi.
• Odatda xalqaro reyslarga yoki qayiqlarga chiqishdan oldin shaxsni tekshirish tekshiruvi o'tkaziladi. Ba'zida quruqlik chegaralarida vaqtinchalik chegara nazorati mavjud.
• Xuddi shunday, a viza har qanday Shengen a'zosi uchun berilgan, imzolagan barcha boshqa mamlakatlarda amal qiladi va shartnomani amalga oshirdi.
• Iltimos, ko'ring Shengen zonasi bo'ylab sayohat qilish sxema qanday ishlashi, qaysi mamlakatlar a'zo ekanligi va qo'shimcha ma'lumot olish uchun sizning fuqaroligingizga qanday talablar qo'yiladi.

COVID-19 ma `lumot: Vengriyada bor yopiq uning chegaralari ko'plab mamlakatlarning fuqarolari va aholisi uchun. Ba'zi quruqlik chegaralari yana ochildi, qulflash choralari qisman yumshatildi va turizm asta-sekin qayta boshlandi, ammo Evropaning ayrim mamlakatlaridan hali ham fuqaro bo'lmaganlar va norezidentlarga kirish taqiqlanadi yoki 14 kunlik karantin talab qilinadi. Qo'shimcha ma'lumot uchun [ https://www.bud.hu/en/covid_19/information_on_entering_and_leaving_hungary bu erda] (va mamlakatlar ro'yxati uchun "Tegishli hujjatlar" ni tekshiring.)

(Axborot oxirgi marta 21 avgust 2020 yil yangilangan)

Yuqoridagi mamlakatlar / hududlarning birortasi hukumati tomonidan berilgan haqiqiy sayohat hujjatiga ega bo'lgan qochoqlar va fuqaroligi bo'lmagan shaxslar Vengriya uchun viza olishdan ozod qilinadi (ammo yo'q boshqa Shengen mamlakati, bundan mustasno Germaniya va qochqinlar uchun, Slovakiya) 180 kun ichida maksimal 90 kun qolish uchun.

Fuqarolar Antigua va Barbuda Vengriyada 90 kunlik vizasiz qolish muddati uchun vizani talab qilmasdan ishlashga ruxsat beriladi. Biroq, vizasiz ishlashning ushbu qobiliyati boshqa Shengen mamlakatlariga taalluqli emas.

Fuqarolar Xorvatiya shuningdek, shaxsiy guvohnomasini ko'rsatib, mamlakatga kirishi mumkin, ammo 180 kun ichida 90 kundan ortiq qolmasligi yoki Vengriyada ishlash uchun ruxsatnomasiz ishlashi mumkin.

Samolyotda

Ko'rgazmada eski samolyotlar bilan Budapesht xalqaro aeroporti

Vengriyaning xalqaro aeroportlari Liszt Ferenc aeroporti (BUD ^IATA) ichida Budapesht, Debrecen aeroporti (DEB ^IATA) ichida Debretsen va Xeviz – Balaton aeroporti (SOB ^IATA) Sarmellekda. Vengriya milliy aviatashuvchisi, Malev (Hungarian Airlines) 2012 yil boshida yopilgan edi. Ularning bir nechtasi ham bor arzon narxlardagi tashuvchilar Budapeshtga operatsiya: masalan Ryanair, Wizzair, Easyjet va Eurowings.

Poyezdda

Budapesht tez-tez qatnaydigan poezdlar bilan butun Vengriya va sharqiy Evropaning katta qismi uchun muhim temir yo'l uzelidir Avstriya, Germaniya, Chexiya va Slovakiya. Har kuni kamida bitta poezd bor Bosniya va Gertsegovina, Xorvatiya, Italiya, Ruminiya, Rossiya, Sloveniya, Serbiya, Shveytsariya va Ukraina, shuningdek, kelgan avtomobillar orqali Polsha va mavsumiy shpallar dan Bolgariya va Chernogoriya.

Batafsil ma'lumot uchun qarang Budapesht # Ta'lim bo'yicha.

Siz xalqaro poezd aloqalarini qidirishingiz mumkin rasmiy jadval sayti MÁV, milliy poezd kompaniyasi yoki Germaniya temir yo'llari veb-sayti deyarli butun Evropani qamrab olgan.

Mashinada

Markaziy Evropaning ko'p qismida bo'lgani kabi, avtomagistrallar ham pullik yo'llardir va siz deraza stikerini sotib olishingiz kerak

Mamlakatga kirish uchun sizning xalqaro avtoulov sug'urtasi kartangiz Vengriya (H) uchun amal qilishiga, shuningdek, transport vositalarini ro'yxatdan o'tkazish va egasi tomonidan berilgan ishonchnoma, agar mashina sizniki bo'lmasa. Chegarachilar avtoulovlarni ushbu hujjatlarsiz olib o'tishga qat'iy rioya qilishadi (quyida istisnolarni ko'ring).

Vengriya chegara nazorati juda qat'iy va puxta. Agar kerak bo'lsa, ular avtoulovlarni to'liq qidirishni amalga oshirishda ikkilanmaydilar.Shengen (Avstriya, Sloveniya, Slovakiya) mamlakatlaridan kirishlar jismoniy chegaralar bekor qilinganidan beri bunday chegara nazoratidan tashqarida. Ularning barchasi engil nazorat ostida (Ruminiya, Xorvatiya) va ikki tomonlama kelishuvga ko'ra Serbiya fuqarolari endi qattiq chegara nazoratidan o'tmaydilar. Shuni hisobga olish kerakki, Shengen hududidan siz mamlakatda qaerda harakat qilsangiz va haydasangiz ham ichki bojxona nazorati ostida bo'lishingiz mumkin. Shengen bo'lmagan yo'lovchilar Ukraina va Serbiyadan kelgan bojxona retseptlari ustidan qat'iy nazorat qilinishini hisobga olishlari kerak. Serbiyadan kelganingizda Vengriyaga 2 paket sigaret olib kirishingiz mumkin. Agar ko'proq olib kelsangiz, ular buni olishadi va 102 evroga jarima solishadi. Ov qilish uchun qurollarni, agar sizda Evropa litsenziyasi bo'lsa, Evropa Ittifoqining har qanday davlatidan olib kelishga ruxsat beriladi. Ammo bu erda siz o'zingizning yoki yangi qurolni sotib olmaysiz yoki sotolmaysiz. Noqonuniy giyohvand moddalar bilan bog'liq vaziyat ham xuddi shunday. Ushbu qoidalarning buzilishi, albatta, sizning darhol hibsga olinishingizga olib kelishi mumkin!

Shengenga kirmaydigan davlatlardan kirish ancha vaqt talab qilishi mumkin, xususan yoz oylarida, dam olish kunlari, Evropa Ittifoqi fuqarolari Serbiyaning Belgrad shahridan E75 yo'lagi bo'ylab shimolga qaytishganda. Chegaradan o'tish uchun kutish liniyalari 7 soatni tashkil etgan va kutish vaqti 6 soatgacha bo'lgan. Vengriya yoki Xorvatiyaning muqobil chegara punktlaridan o'tish yo'li bilan foydalanish mumkin. Agar siz Evropa Ittifoqi mamlakatlaridan birida harakat qilsangiz. Avstriya, siz chegaradagi rasmiylarni tekshirishingiz kerak, aks holda chegaralar ochiq va odatda immigratsiya nazorati kioskasi bo'sh.

Vengriyaga borayotganda, siz tanlagan yo'nalish bo'yicha chegara kesib o'tishda chet elliklarning o'tishiga ruxsat bering. Shuningdek, kichikroq o'tish joylari tushdan keyin kechasi yopiladi. Shuningdek, avtomagistrallarda haydash uchun vinyetka sotib olish talab qilinadi. Tarmoqda narxlar.

Avtobusda

Bir necha xalqaro avtobus yo'nalishlari Vengriyada yoki orqali o'tadi. Siz jadvallarni va chiptalarni bron qilishingiz mumkin Volánbuszning bosh sahifasi, bu milliy avtobus kompaniyasi va mahalliy Eurolines vakolatxonasi. Orangeways avtobus kompaniyasi Budapesht va Avstriya, Xorvatiya, Chexiya, Germaniya, Polsha, Ruminiya va Slovakiya o'rtasidagi yo'nalishlarda xizmatlarni taklif qilish. Jadvallar va onlayn bron qilish o'z veb-saytida mavjud, janubiy chegarada Serbiya avtobusda chegarachilarga xayr-ehson yig'ish uchun avtobusda avtobus tezroq o'tishi uchun yig'ilayotganda hayron bo'lmasligingiz kerak.

Kema orqali

Dunay (Duna) yoki Tisza daryolarida Vengriyaga xalqaro yuk tashish liniyalari orqali kirish mumkin, may va sentyabr oylari orasida Dunayda Vena va Bratislava shaharlarigacha va orqaga qaytish rejalashtirilgan. Mahart.

Slovakiyadan

• Yo'q avtobusdan foydalanishingiz mumkin. Bratislava (DPB) shahar transport kompaniyasining 91 tasi o'tib ketish uchun Junovoga boradi Rajka (Vengriya) va Bratislava (Slovakiya). Bratislavada avtobus bor Eng ko'p uning terminali sifatida, va Vengriya chegarasi yaqinida siz to'xtash joyida / off olasiz Čunovské jazerá (agar siz ushbu to'xtash joyidan tushishni rejalashtirmoqchi bo'lsangiz, haydovchiga signal berishingiz kerak). Ovunovské jazeradan tortib to to'rt kilometr uzunlikdagi tekis erni bosib o'tib, Rajka shahriga, chegaraning har ikki tomonida ikki kilometr masofada joylashgan. Siz Avstriya-Vengriya-Slovakiya uch chegarasida joylashgan yodgorlikni ziyorat qilish uchun aylanib o'tishingiz mumkin.

Atrofga boring

Samolyotda

Vengriyada doimiy ichki reyslar mavjud emas. Budapesht mamlakatning markazida joylashganligi sababli, poezd yoki avtobusda uch soat ichida istalgan nuqtaga etib borish mumkin, shuning uchun rejali ichki reyslarga ehtiyoj yo'q.

Biroq, amaldagi uchuvchi litsenziyasiga ega bo'lgan odamlar uchun samolyotni ijaraga olish va havoda sayohat qilish uchun ko'plab imkoniyatlar mavjud.

• Malev uchish klubi uchuvchilar akademiyasi^{[o'lik havola]} T: 36 20 565-6467, Dunakeszi. Engil planerlar va boshqa narsalar.

Poyezdda

Shaharlararo poezd Seged

Vengriya milliy temir yo'li MÁV va GYSEV (mamlakat g'arbidagi ba'zi chiziqlar). Máv bor onlayn jadval va narxlar sayti. Siz ichki va ba'zi xalqaro poezd chiptalarini Internetda ingliz tilida sotib olishingiz mumkin. Ko'rsatmani o'qing va unga amal qiling Bu yerga.

Poyezd tarmoq yulduzcha shaklidagi (hub-va gapiradigan), markazdan tashqariga qarab chiqib ketmoqda Budapesht. Bunga tarix sabab bo'lgan, chunki birinchi marta tugagan poezd tizimining yarmi Birinchi Jahon Urushidan keyin qo'shni mamlakatlarga ketgan bo'lsa. Agar boshlang'ich yoki tugash punkti Budapeshtda bo'lmasa, uzoq vaqt ko'pincha Budapeshtdagi o'zgarish bilan.

Shaharlararo (IC) poezdlar eng tezkor va ular zamonaviy, texnik va toza. Ular yirik shaharlarni Budapesht bilan bog'laydilar. Majburiy o'rindiqni bron qilish uchun masofadan mustaqil ravishda 550 Ft (= 2 €) qo'shimcha to'lovni to'lashni kuting (xalqaro IClarda, EClarda emas). Ba'zi hollarda qo'shimcha to'lov kamroq bo'lishi mumkin. G'arbiy Evropa chiptalari narxlarining aksariyat qismi bilan taqqoslaganda, Vengriyaning IC poezdlari eng tezkor va qulayligi bilan ajralib turadi. Da dam olish kunlari ko'pgina talabalar Bu IC poezdlaridan Budapesht va boshqa shaharlar o'rtasida qatnov uchun foydalanadilar, shuning uchun juma kuni tushdan keyin Budapeshtdan ketayotgan poezdlarga va yakshanba kuni kechqurun Budapeshtga boradigan poezdlarga oldindan buyurtma berish tavsiya etiladi. Daftar bilan ishlash, agar u haddan tashqari ko'p bo'lsa, umuman xavfsizdir.

Boshqa poezd yo'nalishlari odatda unchalik tez emas va har doim ham yuqori standartlarga muvofiq tozalanmaydi (hatto 1-sinfda ham) va ko'pincha buzib tashlanadi (asosan Budapesht viloyatida); ammo sifat standartlari yaxshilanmoqda. Yozda Balatonni Budapesht bilan bog'laydigan poezdlar ba'zan juda ko'p sotiladi, chunki IC sotiladi. Keyingi tanlov - gyorsvonat yoki eski tezyurar poyezd. Narxlar faqat masofaga va avtomobil sinfiga bog'liq. Kassalar sukut bo'yicha IC bo'lmagan poezdlar uchun 2-sinfni oladi (hech bo'lmaganda Budapeshtda ingliz tilida gaplashadiganlar uchun), shuning uchun agar siz ICni ushlamagan bo'lsangiz, juda qulaylik uchun kichik qo'shimcha to'lovlarni amalga oshirishni o'ylab ko'ring. Chekish barcha poezdlarda, shuningdek vokzal platformalarida taqiqlangan.

Yoshlar (26 yoshgacha) dam olish kunlari 33% pasayish bilan sayohat qilishi mumkin (juma kuni tushdan keyin). Bolalar (6 yoshgacha) va nafaqaga chiqqan (Evropa Ittifoqi mamlakatlaridan 65 yoshdan oshgan fuqarolar) qo'shimcha to'lov (bron) to'lash kerak bo'lgan InterCity poezdlaridan tashqari bepul sayohat qilishlari mumkin.

Sotib olish mumkin Inter Rail o'tish Vengriya uchun. Har bir sayohat uchun chiptalarni sotib olish arzonroq yoki yo'qligini tekshiring.

MAV saytini tekshiring stantsiyalar ro'yxati debet yoki kredit karta bilan poezd chiptasini sotib olishingiz mumkin bo'lgan joy. A gépi menetjegykiadás xodimlar bilan ishlaydigan kassa; jegykiadó avtomatika savdo avtomati.

Siz .. qila olasiz; siz ... mumkin evroga chipta sotib oling. Xalqaro kassaga ega bo'lgan har bir Vengriya temir yo'l stantsiyasida xalqaro chiptani va qo'shimchani sotib olish mumkin. Kassalar evro banklarining 50 evrodan yuqori qiymatdagi yozuvlarini qabul qilmaydi va siz forintdagi o'zgarishni olasiz.

A bilan stantsiya ro'yxati chiptalarni sotadigan avtomat odatda savdo avtomatlari ro'yxatga olinmagan yo'nalishlarga chiptalar bortdagi konduktor tomonidan qo'shimcha to'lovisiz beriladi. Bu ar yarim tunda tanaffus bilan ishlaydi.

Xalqaro velosiped transporti poezdda tanlangan poezdlarda 4-10 evro turadi (har xil), birinchi narx Vena, eng yuqori Gamburg (orqali Berlin).

Ro'yxati elektron chiptalarni qabul qilish punktisavdo avtomati singari. Chipta sotib oling Tarmoqda va sizning chiptangizni tasdiqlash va bosib chiqarish uchun stantsiyada oldindan sotib olingan chipta beruvchi mashinani toping.

Bu erda ba'zi ma'lumotlarni topishingiz mumkin Bagaj xonalari yoki shkaflar (Xu: csomagmegörző) temir yo'l stantsiyasida. Shkaflarning narxi (2010 yildan beri): kichik 400 Ft yoki 24 soat uchun 600 Ft dan kattaroq. Bir kundan ortiq har bir boshlangan kun uchun 600 Ft. Bagaj xonalari yoki / va shkafi bo'lgan stantsiyalarning to'liq bo'lmagan ro'yxati: Budapesht-Deli, Kelenföld (Budapesht), Budapesht-Keleti, Budapesht-Nyugati, Debretsen, Gyur, Miskolc-Tzzai, Nyiregyháza, Siófok, Sopron, Szolnok, Szombathely.

Avtobusda

Vengriyaning milliy avtobus tarmog'ini birlashtirilgan 28 ta davlat tomonidan boshqariladigan kompaniyalar boshqaradi Volan uyushmasi.Bog'lanishlar tez-tez bo'lib turadi, narxlar shaharlararo bo'lmagan poezdlardagi narxlar bilan bir xildir. Avtobus yo'nalishlari tez-tez poezd yo'nalishlariga qaraganda to'liqroq, tezligi juda o'xshash. Shaharlararo qatnovchi avtobuslar toza va xavfsiz, ammo ko'pincha kechikishlarga olib keladi. Chiptani bekatdan oldin stantsiya kassasidan sotib oling; agar siz avtobusingizni asosiy stantsiyada olib ketmasangiz, haydovchidan chipta sotib oling. Avtobus haydovchisidan sotib olayotganda ham chiptalarni tasdiqlaganingizga ishonch hosil qiling. Kichik apelsin qutilari chiptalarni tasdiqlash uchun ishlatiladi va avtobus bo'ylab bir nechta nuqtalarda ko'rinadi. Chipta inspektorlari aeroport avtobusida ishlaydi va agar siz chiptangizni tasdiqlamagan bo'lsangiz, siz jarima to'lash uchun 7000 Ft uchun javobgar bo'lasiz. Chiptalarni milliy bayramlarga, juma va yakshanba kunlari kechqurun zahiraga olish yaxshi bo'ladi. Onlayn buyurtma mavjud inglizchada. Va bu erda ichki shaharlararo avtobus yo'nalishlarini tekshirishingiz mumkin menetrendek.hu, veb-sayt venger tilida.

Vengriyada foydali bo'lishi mumkin bo'lgan ba'zi muhim so'zlar:

• "Honnan" - dan
• "Hová" - ga
• "Autóbusz állomás" - avtobus bekati
• "Naponta" - har kuni
• "Munkanapokon" - ish kunlarida

Qayiqda

Tomonidan boshqariladigan bir necha rejalashtirilgan daryo qayiqlari va gidrokimyoviy liniyalar mavjud MAHART PassNave Ltd. poytaxtdan Budapesht kabi Dunaybenddagi shaharlarga Szentendre, Visegrad va Esztergom, shuningdek, bir xil kompaniya tomonidan boshqariladigan suv o'tkazmaydigan qayiq aloqasi Vena va Budapesht maydan sentyabrgacha.

Poytaxtda MAHART PassNave Ltd va Legenda Ltd. kabi boshqa yuk tashish kompaniyalari tomonidan ekspluatatsiya qilingan va tungi sayohatlar mavjud.

Dunay va Tiszada paromlar bor, lekin ularning ish vaqti o'zgarmasdir. Balaton ko'lidagi feribotga o'rtacha narxda ishonishingiz mumkin.

Mashinada

Vengriyada standart tezlik chegaralari

Vengriyadagi aksariyat yo'llar zamonaviy avtomagistrallardan tashqari ikki yo'lli. Asosiy yo'llar asosan yaxshi holatda; ammo kichik yo'llarda va yirik shaharlarda yoriqlar, chuqurlar va pog'onali yo'llar odatiy holdir, garchi ular doimiy ravishda ta'mirlanib turilsa. Odatda xaritadan foydalanish va yo'l belgilariga rioya qilish orqali sayohat qilish qiyin emas.

Tezyurar yo'llar bepul emas, ammo boshqa pullik yo'llar yoki tunnellar yo'q. Qo'shni Avstriya va Slovakiyadagi kabi vinyetka tizimidan foydalaniladi, ammo 2013 yildan boshlab vinyet elektron shaklda saqlanadi va davlat raqamlarini o'qigan portallardan foydalanilganligi tekshiriladi. Siz ularni 10 kunlik ("Haftalik vinyetka" deb nomlangan), 1 oylik yoki 1 yillik interval bilan sotib olishingiz mumkin. Vinyetka juda muhim va hatto avtomobil yo'lidan foydalanishni rejalashtirmagan bo'lsangiz ham, uni sotib olganingiz ma'qul. Videokameralar yordamida boshqarish avtomatik ravishda amalga oshiriladi va siz hech qanday ogohlantirishsiz avtomatik ravishda yuqori chipta (20,000 Ft) olasiz.

Agar siz odatdagi yo'llar bilan harakatlansangiz, tezlik chegarasi shaharlar orasida 90 km / soatni tashkil etadi va ichkarida 50 km / soat, bu sizni o'rtacha 60 km / soatgacha sekinlashtiradi. Yo'llar tez-tez tirbandlikka ega (ayniqsa, g'arbdan # 8, janubdan # 6 va sharqdan # 4 kabi asosiy yo'llar). Magistral yo'llarda tezlik chegarasi 130 km / soatni tashkil qiladi, sayohat Germaniyada bo'lgani kabi, ichki yo'lda ham kimdir sizning yoningizda tezlikni tez-tez uchratishi mumkin.

Politsiyadan barcha turdagi tezkor tuzoqlardan foydalanishini kuting: imzolangan barcha avtomagistrallarda, ko'chma ko'priklardan, yelkada yoki butalar va daraxtlarning orqasida turgan avtoulovlarda. Ba'zi politsiyachilar tezlikni cheklash belgilari atrofida yashirinishidan ehtiyot bo'ling, ayniqsa bu belgi ko'rinmas darajada foydasiz bo'lganda yoki ushbu yo'l turi uchun juda sekin bo'lsa. Politsiyadagi korruptsiya, ayniqsa Budapesht atrofida keng tarqalgan (odatda 10,000 ft odatdagi muammolarni hal qiladi, agar siz hibsga olinmasangiz).

Mamlakatni g'arbdan sharqqa (yoki aksincha) kesib o'tayotganda, faqatgina bir nechta ko'priklar borligini hisobga oling. Dunay tashqarida Budapesht. Ba'zi bir paromlar mavjud.

Shahar hududlaridan tashqarida, hatto kunduzi ham faralarni yoqib yurish qonuniy talab bo'lib, Evropa Ittifoqi bo'ylab odatiy holga aylanib bormoqda.

Vengriyada alkogol ichimliklar bilan transport vositalariga nisbatan toqat qilmaslik siyosati mavjud. Agar siz spirtli ichimliklarni bir-biridan ikki baravar ichganingizdan keyin ham haydab ketayotgan bo'lsangiz, hibsga olinishingiz mumkin.

Avtomobil yo'llari

Avtomobil yo'llari №1

Vengriyada tez o'sib borayotgan avtomobil yo'llari tarmog'i mavjud (jami 1480 km). Har bir magistral Budapeshtdan boshlanadi.

• M0 - Budapesht atrofidagi avtomobil yo'lining halqasi. Shimoliy-sharqiy va janubiy qismlar tayyor.
• M1 - ulanish Dyor, Avstriya va Slovakiya (g'arbiy)
• M2 - ga ulanish Vác, chegarasiga etib borishni rejalashtirgan Slovakiya 2015 yilgacha (shimoliy)
• M3 / M30 / M35 - ulanish Miskolc, Debretsen va Nyíregyháza (sharqda)
• M5 - ga ulanish Serbiya, orqali Keckemet va Seged (janubi-sharq)
• M6 / M60 - ga ulanish Dunaujvaros va Pécs(janubiy)
• M7 / M70 - ulanish Balaton ko'li, Xorvatiya va Sloveniya (janubi-g'arbiy)

Rejalashtirilgan:

• M4 - ulanishni ta'minlaydi Ruminiya orqali Szolnok2015 yilga kelib (sharqda)
• M44 - M5 at o'rtasida ulanishni ta'minlaydi Keckemet va orqali Ruminiya chegarasi Bekesscaba (sharqda)
• M8 / M9 - mamlakatni sharqdan g'arbga kesib o'tadi 2015 yilga kelib

Barcha magistral yo'llardan foydalanish uchun bitta vinyetka talab qilinadi, faqat M0 va yirik shaharlar atrofidagi qisqa qismlar bundan mustasno. Vinyetkalarni bank kartasi yoqilgan holda onlayn xarid qilish mumkin veb^{[o'lik havola]} (va bir nechta xususiy onlayn kompaniyalar), yonilg'i quyish shoxobchalarida va ÁAK (Davlat avtomagistralini boshqarish kompaniyasi) ofislari. Yozda yo'lovchi avtomobili uchun 10 kunlik vinyet narxi 2975 futni tashkil etadi, avtomobil uchun 4 kunlik chipta bekor qilindi. Vinyetlar avtomatik ravishda kamera tizimi orqali boshqariladi.

Avtomobil hovuzida

Venger oszkar.com ijtimoiy avtoulov hovuz tarmog'i / veb-sayti mamlakat bo'ylab va ko'plab Evropa shaharlaridan (va ayniqsa) Venaga arzon transport vositalarini topishga imkon beradi (ayniqsa, Vena, lekin Germaniyaning ko'plab shaharlari ham yaxshi "xizmat ko'rsatishadi").

Agar siz bu g'oyani yaxshi bilmasangiz: avtoulovda sayohat qilgan va yo'lovchilarni olib ketishni istagan odamlar marshrutni joylashtiradilar. Siz veb-saytga buyurtma berib, so'ngra veb-sayt aloqa ma'lumotlarini taqdim etadigan haydovchiga murojaat qilib, sayohat qilishingiz mumkin. Avtoulov hovuzida sayohat qilishni istagan odamlar ham xabar yuborishlari va bo'lajak haydovchi tomonidan topilishiga umid qilishlari mumkin. Yo'lovchilar sayohat narxiga o'z hissalarini qo'shishlari kutilmoqda, ammo "tariflar" odatda avtobus / vagon yoki temir yo'l narxlaridan ancha past (masalan, 2013 yilga kelib, Venadan Budapeshtgacha bo'lgan sayohat 2500-60000 Ft ga tushishi mumkin). Muhim salbiy tomoni shundaki, sayt venger tilida (garchi siz uni Google Translate xizmati yordamida boshqarishingiz mumkin bo'lsa) va bron qilish (lekin qidirmaslik) ro'yxatdan o'tishni talab qiladi, bu bepul. Haydovchilar va yo'lovchilar sayohatlardan so'ng, xuddi kim oshdi savdo maydonchalarida bo'lgani kabi, bir-birlariga baho berishlari mumkin.

Haydovchilar odatda yosh kattalar (Internetni yaxshi biladigan va o'z avtomobillariga ega bo'ladigan yosh); bu ularning o'rtacha vengerga qaraganda chet tilida gaplashish ehtimoli ko'proq degan ma'noni anglatadi, ammo siz hali ham bunga bog'liq bo'lmasligingiz kerak.

Ba'zi tijorat "transport xizmatlari" oszkar.com saytidan sayohat taklif qilish uchun ham foydalanishadi; ularning yozuvlari "havaskor" lardan ingl.

Oszkar.com xaridorlarning bozori: yo'lovchilarga qaraganda odatda yo'lovchilarga mo'ljallangan o'rindiqlar juda ko'p.

Taksida

Shuningdek qarang: Budapesht # Taksida

Taksi haydovchilari beradigan o'zgarishlarni tekshiring. Cabbies odatda sayyohlarni eskirgan Ruminiya valyutasiga o'zgartirish kiritib, ularni venger valyutasiga o'xshash ko'rinishga olib keladi, ammo bu befoyda va uni qaytarib bo'lmaydi.

Vengriyada minib chiqish mumkin va quyidagilar eng kutilgan provayderlardir:

• Bolt. Budabest, Debretsen va Peçlarda ishlaydi. (yangilangan Iyul 2020)

Gapir

Venger

Shuningdek qarang: Vengriya so'zlashuv kitobi

Yaqin atrofdagi Vonyarkvashegi shahriga o'tayotganlarni kutib oladigan yo'l belgisi Keszthely hozirgi (rim) va qadimiy venger yozuvlarida ham - ikkinchisi ham shunday nomlangan rovásírás yoki "venger runlari" faqat tantanali ravishda yoki milliy g'urur belgisi sifatida ishlatiladi

Vengerlar betakror, murakkab, murakkab, boy ifodali tili bilan haqli ravishda faxrlanadilar, Venger (Magyar "mohdyohr" deb talaffuz qilingan). Bu g'arbiy Sibirning Mansi va Xanti bilan chambarchas bog'liq bo'lgan Ural tili. U fin-ugor tillariga qo'shimcha ravishda tasniflanadi Finlyandiya va Estoniya; u hech qanday qo'shnilariga aloqador emas: hind-evropa tillari oilasiga mansub slavyan, german va romant tillari. Fin va eston tillariga aloqador bo'lishiga qaramay, ular bir-biriga tushunarli emas, biroq bir nechta so'zlar o'xshash. Shunday qilib, venger tili ingliz tilida so'zlashuvchilar uchun lug'at boyligi, murakkab grammatikasi va talaffuzi tubdan farq qilishi bilan o'rganish qiyin bo'lgan tillardan biri hisoblanadi. Biroq, u zamonaviy davrda lotin alifbosida yozilgan va shu bilan ingliz tilida so'zlashuvchilar yangi yozuvni o'rganishlari zarurligini yo'qqa chiqargan.

Xorijiy tillar

Ingliz tili endi maktablarda majburiy hisoblanadi. Shu bilan birga, vengerlarning aksariyati buni yaxshi bilmaydi va ravonlik darajasi boshqa Evropa mamlakatlariga nisbatan past bo'ladi. Budapeshtdagi yosh avlodlar va odamlar munosib suhbatlashishlari mumkin; aks holda, odamlar uni yaxshi yoki umuman gapirishini kutmang. Bu qishloq joylar uchun ikki baravarga oshadi.

Boshqa tarafdan, Nemis Vengriyada ham juda foydalidir: u deyarli ingliz tili singari keng tarqalgan va deyarli universal tarzda Avstriya chegarasi yaqinida va ayniqsa, Venada shahar atrofi poezdlari kirish imkoniga ega bo'lganligi sababli rasmiy ravishda ikki tilli va Vena bilan ulkan aloqalarga ega bo'lgan Sopron chegarasi yaqinida. Ushbu sohalarda nemis tili sizni ingliz tilidan ko'ra ko'proq oldiradi.

Ingliz va nemis tillari singari tez-tez o'qitilmasa ham, o'rganilmasa ham, Frantsuz vengerlar orasida mashhur bo'lib qolmoqda va muhabbat tili Sharqiy Evropadagi boshqa mamlakatlar bilan taqqoslaganda mashhurlikning ozgina tiklanishini ko'rdi. Joy "sayyohlik" qanchalik ko'p bo'lsa, siz frantsuz tilida gaplasha oladigan vengerlarni uchratishingiz mumkin.

Keksa avlodlar chet tilida o'qish imkoniyatiga ega emas edilar, shuning uchun ular biron bir chet tilini bilmasliklari mumkin. Vengriyaliklarning ozchilik qismi gapiradi RuschaKommunistik davrda bu majburiy bo'lgan, ammo ko'pchilik vengerlar buni unutishdan juda xursandlar, shuning uchun uni faqat so'nggi chora sifatida sinab ko'ring.

Vengriyada siz katta shaharlarda, ayniqsa, kabi universitetlarga ega bo'lgan xorijiy tillarda (asosan ingliz va nemis tillarida) gaplashadigan odamni topish imkoniyatiga ega bo'lasiz. Budapesht, Debretsen, Miskolcva Seged.

Qarang

Vengriyada bir nechta mavjud Jahon merosi ob'ektlari. Bular:

Kechasi Buda qal'asi

• BudapeshtDunay daryosining qirg'oqlari, Buda qal'asi mahallasi va Andrassi xiyoboni
• Eski qishloq Xollok va uning atrofi
• G'orlari Aggtelek milliy bog'i - tomchilatuvchi toshlar va toshbo'ronli chiroyli g'orlar
• Ming yillik Benediktin Abbeysi Pannonhalma va uning tabiiy muhiti
• Hortobagiya Milliy bog' - Pusta
• Ilk nasroniy nekropolining Pécs (Sopianae)
• Fertu ko'li Bu erda Avstriya bilan madaniy landshaftning umumiy joyi ko'proq ko'rinadi.
• Tokaj va Villany Sharob mintaqalari va tarixiy madaniy landshaftlar

Boshqa asosiy sayyohlik yo'nalishi Balaton ko'li, sharob tepalari bilan, termal kurort Xeviz, Xayduszoboszlo va Xarkani atrofida. Sopron mintaqadagi diqqatga sazovor joylarni tomosha qilish uchun eng mashhur joylardan biridir.

Ko'rish uchun ajoyib narsalar ham mavjud.

• Tiszavirágzás. Iyun oyining o'rtalarida Tisza gullarga o'xshash mayda chivinlarni hosil qiladi. Bir marta ifloslanish natijasida yo'q qilingan aholi qayta tiklanmoqda. (Ular faqat 1-2 kun yashashlari bilan mashhur).
• Busaráras. Fevral oyida odamlar yomon arvohlarni ko'chalarda baland ovoz bilan siqib chiqarib quvishadi Mohaclar.

Qil

• Qushlarni kuzatish: Vengriyada o'rmonli tepaliklar, ulkan baliq havzalari tizimlari va o'tloqlar mavjud puszta. Kiskunsag va Hortobagy milliy bog'lari va Aggtelek, Bukk va Zemplen Hills ayniqsa yaxshi joylardir.
• Ot minish: Ochiq qishloq joylarining ulkan maydonlari otliqning qadimgi an'analari bilan birgalikda Vengriyani sayr qilish uchun ideal mamlakatga aylantiradi. Janubda keng ochiq tekisliklar va shimolda o'rmonli tepaliklar turli xil minadigan erlarni taklif etadi.
• Hammomlar: Vengriyada termal suvlar juda ko'p, ularning ko'pi hammom va kurortlarga aylangan 1000 dan ortiq termal buloqlar mavjud. Eng mashhurlari Budapeshtdagi Sechenyi hammomlari, ammo yana yuzlab narsalar mavjud. G'or hammom Miskolc-Tapolca va kurort Egerszalok yaxshi misollar. Shuningdek qarang Budapesht # hammomlari, Nyíregyháza # Dova tanlangan ro'yxat vakolatli dorivor suvlar.
• Futbol: 12 ta jamoa mamlakatning birinchi darajasida, Nemzeti Bajnokság I yoki NB1da o'ynaydi; ulardan to'rttasi Budapeshtda joylashgan. Terma jamoa 2019 yilda yakunlangan Budapeshtdagi Puskesh Arenada uy o'yinlarini o'tkazadi.
• Velosiped haydash: eng yaxshi musobaqa Tur de Hongri May oyida to'rt kun davomida o'tkazildi.

Sotib oling

Pul

Vengriya forint banknotalari (hozirda qaytarib olingan 200 Ftli notani ham qo'shib)

Vengriya valyutasi forint, "belgisi bilan belgilanadiFt"(ISO kodi: HUF). Notalar 20000, 10.000, 5.000, 2.000, 1.000 va 500 nominallarda; tangalar 200 (ikki rangli, 1 evroga o'xshash), 100 (ikki rangli, 2 evroga o'xshash), 50, 20, 10 va 5.

Evro endi ko'pchilik mehmonxonalarda va ba'zi restoran va do'konlarda qabul qilinadi. Valyuta kursini tekshirganingizga ishonch hosil qiling, ba'zan hatto taniqli joylar (masalan, McDonald's) real bo'lmagan narxlarda almashadi. Yaqin yillarda Forintlar evro foydasiga yo'q bo'lib ketishi kerak, ammo sana aniqlanmagan.

Siz yirik kredit kartalaringizdan (EuroCard, Visa) yirik do'konlarda va katta restoranlarda foydalanishingiz mumkin, lekin hech qachon buni tekshirmasdan kutmang. Kichik joylar kartalar bilan ishlashga qodir emas. Bankomatlar hatto kichik shaharlarda ham mavjud, qamrovi yaxshi.

Har qanday pul operatsiyalarini amalga oshirayotganda, imkoni bo'lganida forintda to'lash yaxshidir. Ba'zi restoranlar va mehmonxonalar evroni almashtirish uchun yuqori stavka talab qiladi va ko'pincha forint, narx va xizmatlarning o'zgarishi tufayli keskin farq qilishi mumkin.

Pul ayirboshlash

Vengriyada xarid qilish evro zonasi va AQSh aholisi uchun juda arzon. Ushbu qoidadan istisno shundaki, hashamatli tovarlar ko'pincha G'arbiy Evropa yoki AQShda uchraydigan narxlardan yuqori narxlarda sotiladi.

Evro va AQSh dollari uchun valyuta kurslari markaziy markazlarda taxminan bir xil (hech bo'lmaganda) Budapesht va Eger). Aeroportlarda va yirik temir yo'l stantsiyalarida narxlar ancha yomonlashishi mumkin, shuning uchun shahar markaziga etib borish uchun kerakli narsani o'zgartiring. Yaxshi odat - sotib olish va sotish narxlarini taqqoslash: agar ular keskin farq qiladigan bo'lsa, siz eng yaxshisi boshqa joyga borasiz. Rasmiy valyuta ayirboshlash shoxobchalari har doim kvitansiya beradi va odatda mijoz va kassir o'rtasida katta stakan bor, bu mijoz uchun barcha qadamlarni shaffof qiladi.

Euros are very widely accepted, in hotels, in some splurge restaurants or bars, in some shop (like all SPAR super/hypermarkets, usually at the cashdesk area is a board with the actual rate), or international cash desk of course the rates five even ten percent worse than in the banks and be prepare the change they will get back in forint. Try using small notes (max. 50), at international cash desk even can pay also with coins and the rate is ok. Traded currencies at the two biggest Hungarian bank K&H Bank: AUD, CAD, CHF, CZK, DKK, EUR, GBP, HRK, JPY, NOK, PLN, SEK, USD; OTP Bank: same as K&H plus BGN, RUB and accepted Euro or Amex travellers cheques (comission). Smaller banks like Raiffeisen Bank (for CZK), Oberbank (for CHF) or Sberbank (for RUB) giving better rates, but not change so many currencies (need to check as it is variable). For your remained forints buying euros, US dollars and Swiss francs always available, but others only when in stock. More unusual currencies, such as Israeli shekels, Hong Kong dollars, or Ukrainian hyrvnia, can only be exchanged at money changers.

If you arrive in Hungary at weekends, holidays or evening banks are closed only ATMs or money changer shops or some hotels (mostly the biggers). ATMs and banks can be found in hypermarkets.

If you arrive at Budapest Ferihegy Airport late at night or on state holidays changing money is possible as there are five interchange money changer offices. Opening times vary: from morning to around midnight, and one is open 24 hours a day. There is an ATM in the arrival hall at Budapest Ferihegy, and the rates for using ATMs with a card are often better than the bureau de change. Also Interchange has booths at Déli (one), Keleti (three), Nyugati (one) Railway stations. These are open daily from 07:00 or earlier to 20:50-23:30. Locations and opening time here. In the city centre of Budapest at #2 Vörösmarty square (:Vörösmarty tér) branch is open 24 hours a day.

There are many ATMs in Budapest which will accept European and North American debit or credit cards. Be aware that "Euronet" ATMs have high charges in addition to any charges your own bank may apply, whereas ATMs operated by banks (e.g. OTP Bank, Raiffeisenbank) don't add extra charges.

Visitors report that unofficial money changers operating nearby an official money changing booth offer unfavourable rates, and recommend using the official exchange offices. Such exchangers are illegal and there is the possibility that you will receive other than Hungarian currency or nothing at all.

Tips

Tips (borravaló) are given in Hungary for some services: in restaurants, in bars, to taxi drivers, to hairdressers, and often to people that fix things around the house, like plumbers and electricians.

Although not legally required, social norms encourage that tips are given. 10% is usually enough. Check your receipt before you pay, because some bars and restaurants charge a 10% service fee (szervizdíj), in this case tipping is not expected.

What to buy

Apart from classic tourist souvenirs such as postcards and trinkets, here are some things unique to Hungary or just hard to find elsewhere.

Hungarian foods

Paprika and garlic products for sale

• Duck and goose liver
• Salamis - products of Hertz, Picks are the best, try Winter salami (Hu: Téliszalámi)
• Sweets Chocolates with fruit Brandy, Szamos Marzipan dessert, Praline with Truffle, szaloncukor, literally: "parlour candy", is a popular sweet at Christmas.
• Cold-smoked sausages - Mangalica and grey beef specials
• Herbal Teas
• Truffle Products - Honeys, Jams
• Spices: Paprika and Hungarian Saffron
• Gundel set of cheese: aged in Gundel wines or with walnut pieces or seasonings. Most easily found in 350 g sets of three kinds in duty-free of Ferihegy Airport in Budapest (at least in Terminal 2), but is likely available in Gundel 1894 Food & Wine Cellar (see Pest#Eat). Keep in mind that shelf life for this cheese is only 2 months.

Hungarian beverages

• Champagnes
• Wines: the vineries of Badacsony, Tokaj, Villány have the best products, but when purchasing wine beyond the right kind and vintage is also important the wine rack. The wrought iron with wine leaves is very showy, but if you are traveling by plane difficult to transport, so maybe a wood is more practical and you can buy a wide range of it. Other good names are: Somlói Juhfark, Egri Bikavér (see Liquor), Kadarka, red wine from Villány area etc.
• Pálinka: very famous and strong brandy made from fruits.
• Unicum: a herbal digestif liqueur.

Others

Porcelain palinka bottles

• Black pottery - part of the Transdanubian folk art
• Porcelain - look for high quality handmade Herend and Zsolnay products, usually sell them in set, simple candle holders are much cheaper and also popular
• Herend majolica at more affordable prices than the classic Herend.
• Hungarian Cuisine book (English, German, French, Spanish, Italian)
• 'matyó' patterned wooden spoons, ceramic of Sárospatak spoon holder
• Embroideries such as patterned of Kalocsa or Matyó.
• Blueprinted textiles mostly linen or cotton materials
• Diamonds in handmade white gold, platinum inlaid jewellery, try your luck at Szentendre the Europe’s largest diamond & jewellery centre
• Handicrafts and decorative arts works decorated with traditional, Hungarian folk motifs (letter-paper envelope sets, greeting cards, handkerchiefs, napkins, tablecloths, pillows, towels)
• The Rubik's cube originated in Hungary and was invented in 1974 by Erno Rubik and is one example of its longstanding gaming tradition.

Yemoq

Main courses in menu are normally 2000–4000 Ft in touristy places in Budapest, 1500–2200 Ft outside it, or in towns like Eger va Szentendre (Jan 2014).

A two-course lunch with a soft drink in Budapest typically costs 1500–8000 Ft per person, and half or third of that outside Budapest (Chinese fast food menu is around 900 Ft - 2014).

In restaurants, a service charge is frequently included into bill, 10% or even 12%, but this has to be clearly pointed out on the menu. If it's not mentioned, the place has no right to include a service charge in the bill.

Even if there's no service charge, unless the service was preposterous most Hungarians tend to leave a tip of 10% minimum. Unlike in most western countries, tip is usually not left on the table but rather the amount is specified to the waiting staff when you pay.

There were some places, mainly in the centre of Pest, that try to rip off drunk tourists at night by charging ridiculously high prices for drinks. Most of these places are closed now, but it's still a good idea to always check the prices before ordering.

Common in major cities and next to the highways are branches of major international chains such as KFC, McDonald's, Burger King, Subway, Pizza kulbasiva TGI Friday's last two just in Budapest.

Cuisine

See also: Central European cuisines

A fancy serving of gulyás soup

Pörkölt (is a meat stew which originates from Hungary) and Nokedli (a pasta, used as side dish)

Hungarians are quite proud of their cuisine (Magyar konyha), and most of the time not without reason. Food is usually spicy, but not hot by general standards, and it's tasty rather than healthy: many dishes are prepared with lard or deep-fried. The national spice is paprika, made from ground sweet bell peppers. The national dish is goulash but Hungarians call the thick paprika-laden stew known as goulash elsewhere by the term pörkölt and reserve the term gulyás for a lighter paprika-flavoured soup.

Meat is popular, especially pork (sertés), beef (marha) and venison (őz). Less common are lamb and mutton. Chicken (csirke) and turkey (pulyka) are common, and you will also find game birds excellent in smarter restaurants and country areas: pheasant (fácán), partridge (fogoly) and duck (kacsa). Goose is also quite popular in Hungary. While tourists gorge on goose liver (libamáj), still cheap by Western standards, probably the most common dish is sült libacomb, roast goose leg. The best fish in Hungary are river fish: carp (ponty), zander (fogas/süllő) and catfish (harcsa), though many restaurants will serve fish from far away. Another typical Hungarian fish meal is roasted hake (sült hekk). Less well known in the rest of the world are csirke paprikás, chicken stew in paprika sauce, and halászlé, paprika fish soup often made from carp.

Stuffed (töltött) vegetables of all kinds are also popular, and Hungarian pancakes (palacsinta), both savoury and sweet, are a treat. Common snacks include kolbász, a Hungarianised version of the Polish kielbasa sausage, and lángos, deep-fried dough with a variety of toppings (mostly sour cream, cheese, or garlic).

A typical Hungarian meal will involve soup, often like a consommé (erőleves), meat with potatoes (burgonya) and a side salad, and a dessert such as pancakes (palacsinta). A meal is almost always, even at breakfast, accompanied by Hungarian pickles called savanyúság, literally "sourness". These are often dubbed saláta on menus, so order a vitamin saláta if you want fresh vegetables. Starch is most often served as potatoes, rice or dumplings (galuska yoki nokedli). The primary Hungarian contribution in this field is an unusual type of small couscous-like pasta called tarhonya.

It is worth visiting a "cukrászda" if you are in Hungary. These are very popular with delicious cakes and coffee. Try the traditional krémes (with vanilla cream), eszterházy (lots of nuts) or somlói galuska.

Another favourite is lángos, which is deep fried bread served served with various fillings. Most common is plain, with salt, garlic (fokhagyma) and soured cream (tejföl). If you do come across a lángos stand, there are usually a large number of options from pizza lángos, or eggs with mayonnaise or Nutella and bananas.

Vegetarian food

Vegetarians and Vegans will have about as much ease eating out as in any other western country.Budapest is not a problem, as there is a wide variety of restaurants to choose from, but in an ordinary Hungarian restaurant the non-meat mains on the menu are pretty much limited to rántott sajt (fried cheese) and gombafejek rántva (fried mushrooms).

Italian food is popular, so as long as you don't mind a pasta heavy diet as a vegetarian you will find a wider choice.

For self-catering, the selection of fruits and vegetables from supermarkets or local shops and market is quite good, especially in summer.

There are plenty of vegetarian and vegan restaurants, and a lot of health food stores that offer all sorts of vegetarian/vegan products, including cosmetics.

Ichish

Wine

Hungary has several famous vine regions, most known are No.5 Badacsony, No.20 Eger, No.13 Szekszárd, No.22 Tokaj, No.15 Villány. Prices are reasonable.

Hills, grape plantations and wine cellars near Villány, southern Hungary.

• Egri Bikavér (Bull's Blood of Eger) (1000 Ft for a good one) is a strong red Hungarian wine which supposedly saved a clever Hungarian girl from her fate with a Turkish sultan. During the time of the Turkish occupation, it is said a young girl was summoned to become a member of the local sultan's harem. Not wanting this fate for his daughter, her father gave her a bottle of Egri Bikavér to take to the sultan. He told her to tell the ruler it was bull's blood, and would make him invincible. The sultan, being Muslim, was unaccustomed to alcohol, and proceeded to pass out, leaving the daughter unharmed. There is another story connected to why Bull's Blood is called so, and it also comes from the Turkish era. According to that one, the defenders of the different castles used to drink this red wine. When they saw the color on the mouths of the Hungarians, they thought that it must have been from a bull, thus the name.
• Tokaj is known for its sweet dessert wines (Tokaji aszú), (2000–6000 Ft) which acquire their distinctive taste from grapes infected by the "noble rot" Botrytis cinerea. The favorite tipple of aristocracy, past fans of Tokaji include Louis XIV (who called Tokaj as "The king of the wines, the wine of the kings"), Beethoven, Napoleon III and Peter the Great — which is still reflected in the steep pricing of the best varieties. Almost uniquely among white wines, Tokaj keeps well for a long time.

If new to Hungarian wine, be aware that both champagne ("pezsgő") and wine, red or white, are quite likely to be sweet ("Édes" or "félédes"). If dry wine is your preference, look for the word "Száraz" on the label. When buying bottled wine, don't bother with types cheaper than 600–700 Ft, as these are usually very low quality (maybe not even produced from grapes). In wine cellars high quality may be available at surprisingly low prices.

Liquor

In Hungarian, pálinka denotes strong brandy-like liquor distilled from fruit. Pálinka is a very social drink: just as the English drink tea, the Hungarians, especially in rural areas, will offer pálinka to guests upon arrival. The best-known varieties are barackpálinka, made from apricots, körtepálinka from pears, and szilvapálinka made from plums. Factory-made pálinka is widely available, but keep an eye out for homemade házipálinka. Pálinkas usually contain around or above 50% of alcohol, often more for the homemade ones. Pálinka bottles marked mézes will be heavily sweetened with honey. (3000 Ft for something good)

Unicum is a strong digestif made from a secret mix of over 40 herbs. It comes in striking black bottles emblazoned with a red and white cross, and has a very strong and unusual taste. Unicum Next has a lighter, citrusy flavor, and is rather more palatable. Definitely worth trying, the spherical bottle (affectionately called "the Holy Hand Grenade") itself may also be used for decoration, and keeps very well for a long time. It is available in every bar in Hungary but it is rare to see someone drinking it.

Beer

Hungarian beer is quite average compared to other Central European countries like Germany and the Czech Republic as it has long been a wine culture. The most common beers are Dreher, Szalon, Borsodi, Soproni and Arany Ászok, available in the styles világos (lager) and barna (brown). All of Hungarian breweries are owned and managed by international brands such as: Dreher Sörgyár (Budapest); Heineken Hungaria (Sopron and Martfű); Heineken; Borsodi Sörgyár (Bőcs); Pécsi Sörfőzde (Pécs); Ottakinger.They cost 200–300 Ft at a store and 400–600 Ft at a bar. Some expensive club can charge up to 900 in Budapest.

Imported beers like Pilsner Urquell, Staropramen and Budweiser-Budvar (the original Czech variety) are widely available in bars and markets for not much more than the ubiquitous Hungarian brands.

When offering a toast with beer, be warned that most Hungarians will politely refuse. This is due to an old tradition due to remembering soldiers executed by the Habsburgs of Austria in the 1848 revolution, whereby it was decreed no Hungarian would toast with beer for 150 years. It's been so long, however, that most Hungarians no longer know the origins of this tradition or that they've been free to make toasts over beer for the past ten years.

Coffee

Cafe culture is widespread in Hungary, although it may never recover the romance of its turn-of-the-century intellectual heyday. Unless asked, it's a good idea to specify what kind of coffee you prefer. So'z kávé means the strong, espresso-like coffee, although American-style coffee, known as hosszú kávé in Hungarian, usually translated as "long coffee", is also available at most places.

Tea

Tea houses are becoming popular in cities, especially among the young. There is a growing number of tea houses, mainly in Budapest and some bigger cities where people can buy several types of loose tea. The best teas are herbal and fruit varieties. In restaurants and cafes, lemon juice is frequently served in a small bottle. However, in traditional restaurants or cafes good teas are hard to find as coffee are preferred.

Uyqu

Hostels

Prices vary greatly. For the cheapest room in a youth hostel in Budapest expect to pay between €6 and €10, but the normal rate in a hostel is €20-22 per person.

Farmhouses

Village Tourism is popular and very well developed in Hungary, and can be a remarkable experience. Start your research with 1Hungary[1], National Federation of Rural and Agrotourism[2] va Centre of Rural Tourism[3].Near Budapest it is also possible to find rural houses to rent, for instance the Wild Grape Guesthouse[4], what makes a good combination to explore the capital and a National Park while staying at the same accommodation.

Lager

There are campgrounds available. See the city guides, including the Budapest guide.

O'rganing

Hungarian universities are open to all foreign students. Many European exchange students come through the EU's Erasmus program. There are quite a lot students from Asia and the Middle East as well, particularly because despite the high standard of education, fees are still considerably lower than in the more developed Western European countries. Those interested should visit Study in Hungary [5] or University of Debrecen [6] websites. Map of Hungarian universities and colleges.

Ish

It could be very difficult for an individual to seek legal employment in Hungary because of the complexity, cost and time involved. Most foreign workers in Hungary have received their visas and other necessary documents through the company they are employed by. It is hoped, however, that since the joining of Hungary to the EU a reduction will follow in the amount of red tape involved.

Citizens of Antigua and Barbuda are permitted to work in Hungary without the need to obtain a visa for the period of their 90 day visa-free stay. However, this ability to work visa-free does not necessarily extend to other Schengen countries.

Many students, usually on a gap year, work as second language teachers at one of Budapest's many language schools. A qualification is required (ESL/TEFL/TESOL) and experience is preferred.

One option is to teach through the Central European Teaching Program. For a placement fee they will take care of paperwork and set you up in a school in Hungary teaching English on a local salary. Contracts are for one semester or a whole school year. Qualified ESL/EFL teachers can find employment in Hungary at private language schools which offer better rates of pay and without having to pay a placement fee.

Shuningdek qarang Work section in Budapest article.

Xavfsiz bo'ling

Budapest by night

Hungary in general is a very safe country. However, petty crime in particular remains a concern, just like in any other country.

Watch your bags and pockets on public transport. There is a danger of pickpockets. Passports, cash and credit cards are common targets of thieves. Keep items that you do not store in your hotel safe or residence in a safe place, but be aware that pockets, purses and backpacks are especially vulnerable, even if closed. There are also reported cases of people who got their baggage stolen while sleeping on the train.

Generally, Hungary is rather quiet during the night compared to other European countries, and crime to tourists is limited to pickpocketing, and cheating on prices and bills and taxi fares.

Everyone is required to carry their passport and ID card. Not doing so lead to trouble with the police. The police generally accept a colour copy of your passport.

The police force is professional and well trained, but most hardly speak any English.

See the Budapest travel guide for more specific and valuable information about common street scams and tourist traps in Hungary.

Driving conditions

The majority of Hungarians drive dangerously and had 739 deaths on the roads in 2010. This is largely due to careless driving habits. Many drivers do not observe the speed limits and you should be extra careful on two-way roads where local drivers pass each other frequently and allow for less space than you may be used to.

Car seats are required for infants. Children under age 12 may not sit in the front seat. Seat belts are mandatory for everyone in the car. You may not turn right on a red light. The police issues tickets for traffic violations and issue on the spot fines. In practice the laws are widely ignored.

Also, Hungarian laws have zero tolerance to drink and drive, and the penalty is a severe fine. It means no alcoholic beverage is allowed to be consumed if driving, no blood alcohol of any level is acceptable. Failure to pay fines may result in your passport getting confiscated, or even a jail term until or unless you pay the fine.

More importantly, the police stops vehicles regularly for document checks. You shouldn't worry when you are stopped because by law, everyone needs to have their identification papers checked.

Hungary has some of the harshest penalties for those involved in a car accident. Involvement in a car accident results in a fine, and maybe a prison sentence from 1 year to 5 years (depending on the aggravating circumstances).

Sog'lom bo'ling

Food and water is generally safe, even in remote villages. It is safe to drink tap water anywhere, even in remote areas, however, due to the cleaning process the taste of the water can be really unpleasant. Best idea is to try before changing to the bottled water. Bottled waters has a large selection, both the fizzy (blue bottle cap) and still (red/pink bottle cap) water and it is cheap (starts from less than 100 Ft for 1.5 litre). The only notable exception of the drinking water are trains where the tap water is not drinkable and other places where tap water is labeled as such.

It is widely available and good practice to have with you a bottle during hot summer.

Private health care providers are high quality, but limited in scope once outside Budapest. Dentistry is cheaper here than in Western Europe (8000–10,000 Ft for an appointment and x-ray), and physiotherapy also (3000 Ft for a half-hour treatment), but check the price with the provider before you confirm the appointment. Outside Budapest you will likely have to speak basic Hungarian to communicate your needs as few doctors will have any English or German skills.

Public health care is free for qualifying (insured) people, and is of adequate quality in urban areas.

The country has joined the EU, so basic coverage is present for EU citizens, but check before entering the country how far are you insured and what you have to pay for. Do not expect at this time that the local doctor will know the EU rules, prepare to provide info.

The European Health Insurance Card is required from EU citizens applying for free treatment under this regulation.

Pharmacies are everywhere, you may expect high prices, but good pharmaceutical coverage. Sadly the situation clearly has worsened a lot since early 2010, as many pharmacies can not maintain an adequate reserve of medicines. Another problem might be communicating with the pharmacist as most of them speak only Hungarian. Quite unexpectedly some rusty Latin might come handy. Due to reduced trade between Hungary and andania (as of Dec 2006), some of familiar medications are unavailable—so be prepared to find a substitute in advance.

Hurmat

• The 1956 Revolution continues to be a sensitive subject with many of the Hungarians. You are well advised not to discuss the Treaty of Trianon (1920) at all - the Hungarians can take it surprisingly sensitively.
• Open display of the Communist red star and hammer and sickle symbol, the Nazi swastika and SS symbols, and the Hungarian fascist Arrow Cross, is prohibited by law. Make sure your clothing does not have these symbols on it, even if it's just a joke. You can be fined for it.
• Members of the Gypsy community may find the traditional Hungarian label 'Cigány' (pron. 'tzigan') offensive, preferring to be labeled as Roma.
• As a rural tradition, Hungarians affectionately refer to themselves as "dancing with tears in our eyes" ("sírva vígad a magyar"), as in a bittersweet resignation to the perceived bad luck in their long history. Avoid mocking Hungarian history and Hungarian patriotism.
• Talking loudly is generally considered rude. You will notice how most Hungarians tend to keep their voices down in public places.
• When entering a home, shoes should generally be taken off.
• Displaying a good upbringing is a social status symbol, and this is mostly shown through displayed respect to the elder people. On public transport it will be considered inpolite not to offer your seat to older people (roughly above 65-70), if there are no other open seats. On the other hand, offering your seat to people around 50-60 might earn you a sarcastic "I´m not that old".

Uncommon customs

• It's an old tradition that Hungarians do not clink beer glasses or beer bottles. This is due to the legend that Austrians celebrated the execution of the 13 Hungarian Martyrs in 1849 by clinking their beer glasses, so Hungarians vowed not to clink with beer for 150 years. Obviously this time period has expired, but old habits die hard although less so by younger generations.

Ulanmoq

• Broadband Internet access is now widespread in Hungary. It's quite usual to find free Internet access (wifi) in Shopping centers; in Budapest, most cafes and pubs. You'll have wifi access even in small towns. Look for the "wifi" signs, you may have to ask for the access password, however, if you consume, it will be freely given.