Serbiya - Serbia

Serbiya (Serb: Srbiya, Srbija) chorrahasida joylashgan mamlakatdir Markaziy Evropa va Bolqon, dan asosiy quruqlik yo'llaridan birida Markaziy Evropa uchun Yaqin Sharq.

Serbiya nisbatan yangi sayyohlik maskani. Yoz davomida sayyohlar o'z vaqtlarini o'tkazishni yaxshi ko'radilar Belgrad va butun mamlakat bo'ylab ko'plab milliy bog'larning tabiatidan zavqlaning. Qishda ular tog'dagi kurortlarni jalb qilishadi, bu eng mashhurlardan biri Kopaonik. Kabi ko'plab kurortlar mavjud Sokobanja, Nishka Banja va Vrnayčka Banja.

Serbiya sayyohlik yo'nalishi sifatida qo'shniga qaraganda ancha kech rivojlangan Xorvatiya, garchi u ham xilma-xil va go'zal millat. Ning tekisliklaridan Voyvodina bu "Doktorning sahnalaridan birini eslatib turadi Jivago 'qishda, ko'plab tog'larga, ko'llarga va chang'i kurortlariga.

Serbiya Evropa tarixining chorrahasida va shuning uchun u madaniyat, etnik va dinlarning aralashmasidir. Uning aholisi eng mehmondo'st va mehmondo'stlardan biri hisoblanadi va Belgrad Evropaning kelgusi poytaxtlaridan biri sifatida saylangan. Serbiyada kamdan-kam uchraydigan ruh va ruh bor, ularda turli madaniyatlar melanjesi va yaxshi yashash ishtiyoqi mavjud.

Mintaqalar

Serbiyani beshta mintaqaga va bitta mintaqaga bo'lish mumkin amalda mustaqil respublika:

Bahsli hudud

Holati Kosovo - bugungi kunda albanlar ko'p bo'lgan er, tarixiy jihatdan Serbiyaning bir qismi va 1389 yilda Kosovo jangi bo'lib o'tgan bo'lsa-da, shu kungacha serbiyalik himoyachilar yo'q qilingan, ammo hujumga uchragan Usmonli kuchlari va Usmonli Sultonning aksariyat qismini o'ldirgan voqea. jarayon - bu Serbiyani mintaqani mustaqil deb tan olmaydigan darajada munozarali.

Shaharlar

• 44.81666666666720.4666666666671 Belgrad (Beograd / Beograd) - Serbiya poytaxti.
• 44.01416666666720.9394444444442 Kragujevac (Serbiya kirillchasi: Krujujets) - zamonaviy Serbiyaning birinchi poytaxti, sanoat uyasi va Serbiyaning 4-yirik shahri. Kragujevac Belgraddan 120 km janubdagi Sumadiya mintaqasida joylashgan. Lepenica, kichik daryo, Kragujevac orqali oqib o'tadi. Shahar yaqinida Grujansko ko'li (Grujansko Chezero).Shaharda universitet va muhim madaniy va tibbiyot binolari mavjud. U boy tarixga va ko'plab madaniy va tarixiy yodgorliklarga ega.
• 43.7234220.6869753 Kraljevo (Serbiya kirillchasi: Krajevo) -Kraljevo Belgraddan 170 km janubda Serbiyaning muhim iqtisodiy markazi hisoblanadi. U Morava va Ibar daryosida joylashgan bo'lib, shaharning chekkasida juda mashhur monastir mavjud. Chiča (Jicha) boy tarixga ega, monastir va mashhurlardan tashqari Matarushka kurorti(Matarushka baxa) va biroz ko'proq Bogutovačka kurorti(Bogutovachka baxa).
• 43.31916666666721.8961111111114 Nish (Serbiya kirillchasi: Nish) - Serbiyaning uchinchi yirik shahri. Nish Serbiya va Bolqonning o'sha qismida, katta sanoat va boy tarixga va madaniy-tarixiy yodgorliklarga ega bo'lgan ajoyib avtomobil va temir yo'l uzelidir. Nissh katta universitetga ega, muhim madaniy va tibbiyot binolari mavjud. Yaqin atrofda mashhur Niska Banja(Nishka Baxa). Boshqa narsalar qatori, Nish tug'ilgan joy Buyuk Konstantin, uning yozgi uyining qoldiqlari qaerda.
• 45.26444444444419.8316666666675 Novi Sad (Serbiya kirillchasi: Novi Sad) - "Serbiya Afinasi" laqabini olgan Novi Sad Voyvodina viloyatining viloyat markazi va Serbiyaning ikkinchi yirik shahri (Belgraddan keyin). Novi Sad Belgraddan 80 km shimoli-sharqda, Dunay daryosida. Shahar ko'plab madaniy va tarixiy yodgorliklar va muzeylarga ega bo'lgan muhim sanoat, madaniy, ma'rifiy, sport va turistik markazdir. U taniqli ibodatxonalarni, Petrovaradin qal'asini o'z ichiga oladi va uzumzorlari bilan mashhur Fruska Gora tepaligi va Frushka Gora milliy bog'i atrofida joylashgan. Frushka Gora, shuningdek, Serbiya pravoslav cherkovining ko'plab monastirlari (ularning 16 nafardan ortig'i) joylashgan va ba'zan "Ikkinchi Muqaddas tog '" (Afon tog'idan keyin) deb nomlanadi. Shaharning janubi-sharqida, daryoning Srem tomonida, Belgradga boradigan "eski yo'l" bo'ylab, boy tarixga, taniqli cherkovlar, binolar, muzeylar va taniqli sharob qabrlarga ega bo'lgan Sremski Karlovci shaharchasi joylashgan.

• 44.6221.1897222222226 Pojarevac (Serbiya kirillchasi: Pojarevats) - Serbiyaning katta tarixiy merosga ega bo'lgan eng qadimiy shaharlaridan biri. Velika Morava daryosidan tashqari muhim savdo va madaniy markaz Belgraddan 80 km sharqda joylashgan. Shahar yaqinida Stari Kostolac nomli kichik shaharcha joylashgan bo'lib, u erda mashhur arxeologik joy joylashgan Viminatsium. Pojarevacda Serbiya Respublikasining sobiq prezidenti - Slobodan Milosevich (u ham o'sha erda dafn etilgan) tug'ilgan. Pozarevac shuningdek, Lyubichovo ot sporti o'yinlari bilan tanilgan.
• 46.09833333333319.677 Subotika (Serbiya kirillchasi: Subotitsa) - Serbiyaning eng go'zal shaharlaridan biri sifatida baholandi. Bu Shimoliy Serbiyada va unga eng yaqin shahar Palic.Boy tarixga ega bo'lgan muhim savdo va madaniy markaz. Asosiy tillar serb va venger tillari.Subotika yaqinida mashhur kurort va ko'l Palit va Ludoshko ko'llari joylashgan.
• 44.98333333333319.6166666666678 Sremska Mitrovitsa (Serbiya kirillchasi: Kremka Mitovitsa) - Qadimgi Sirmiy, milodning IV asrida Rim imperiyasining to'rtta poytaxtidan biri.
• 45.12055555555621.2986111111119 Vrshac (Serbiya kirillchasi: Vrshats) - Serbiyaning eng go'zal shaharlaridan biri. Ruminiya yaqinida Belgraddan 80 km shimoli-sharqda joylashgan. Vrsac uzumzorlarga boy iqtisodiy va madaniy va sport markazini rivojlantirdi.

Boshqa yo'nalishlar

• 44.66666666666722.5166666666671 Jerap milliy bog'i Dunay daryosining o'ng qirg'og'i bo'ylab Golubac qal'asidan Novi Sip yaqinidagi to'g'ongacha cho'zilgan. Uning asosiy diqqatga sazovor joyi - Jerap darasi - mashhur Temir Darvoza - Karpat tog'larining janubiy yon bag'irlari orqali ulkan eshik.
• 43.26916666666720.82252 Kopaonik milliy bog'i (Serbiya kirillchasi: Kopaonik N. P.) - va Serbiyaning janubidagi Kopaonik tog'idagi tosh-kurort. Kopaonik Serbiyaning asosiy tosh markazidir, jami 23 ta lift ko'taruvchidir. 118,1 km² (45,6 kv. Mil) ga tarqalgan milliy bog '. Kopaonik boy tarixiy merosga ega. Sport va dam olish Kopaonik turizmining asosiy omilidir. Boshqa turli xil tadbirlar ham mavjud. Sayyohlarni o'ziga jalb qiladigan boshqa xususiyatlar - bu hashamatli mehmonxona va ko'ngil ochish. Kopaonikda ko'plab kafe, bar va tungi klublar mavjud.
• 46.10305555555619.7586111111113 Palich (Serbiya kirillchasi: Paliћ) - shimolda barokko bog'lari, san'at nouveau me'morchiligi yodgorliklari va ovqatlanishdagi qadimiy ananalar bilan yoqimli ko'l zonasi uni zamonaviy yozgi kurortga aylantirdi. Palich - kinofestivali, Butunjahon etno musiqa festivali va turli sport tadbirlarining mezboni.
• 43.63944444444421.8694444444444 Sokobanja (Serbiya kirillchasi: Sokoboha) - Belgrad - Afina avtomagistralining 200-kilometrida Sokobanja tomon yo'l ajratiladi. Sokobanja dengiz sathidan 400 m balandlikda, Rtanj (1560 m) va Ozren (1117 m) tog'lari orasida joylashgan. Sokobanja - o'rtacha kontinental iqlimi va o'rmonning ulkan sirtlari, toza havo va ko'plab termo-mineral manbalari bilan Serbiyada mashhur kurort va sayyohlik joyi. Ularning barchasi Sokobanjani Serbiyaning ajoyib joyiga aylantiradi.
• 43.906719.3055 Tara milliy bog'i (Serbiya kirillchasi: Tara), Serbiyaning g'arbiy qismidagi tog '(Zlatibor yaqinida). Dinarik Alp tog'larining bir qismidir va dengiz sathidan 1000-1500 m balandlikda joylashgan. Tog'ning yon bag'irlari zich baland o'rmonlar bilan qoplangan, ko'plab balandlikdagi bo'shliqlar va o'tloqlar, tik qoyalar, yaqin Drina daryosi tomonidan o'yilgan chuqur jarliklar va ko'plab karstlar yoki ohaktosh g'orlar. Tog' - bu mashhur sayyohlik markazi.Tog'ning aksariyat qismi "Tara milliy bog'i" dir. Tara tog'ida 800 m balandlikda chiroyli Zovin ko'li bor.
• 43.8519.856 Zlatibor (Serbiya kirillchasi: Zlatibor) - janubi-g'arbiy qismida juda mashhur tog'li sayyohlik joyi va chang'i kurorti. Zlatibor Ujice shahri yaqinida, Chernogoriya tomon yo'l oladi. Zlatibor 1000 m balandlikda joylashgan, yozi quyoshli, toza havo, qishi sovuq, go'zal manzaralari, yaylovlari, yaylovlari, vodiylari, etnik qishloqlari, sport inshootlari va boshqalar. U erda sizda maxsus tibbiyot va mashhur reabilitatsiya instituti mavjud.

Tushuning

Serblar iliq xalq va chet elliklarni kutib olishadi. Ko'plab serblar ingliz tilida gaplashadilar va shu bilan shug'ullanishni istaydilar (qariyalar, nemis va / yoki frantsuz tillarida gaplashish ehtimoli ko'proq), shuning uchun siz ko'rsatmalar so'rab yo'lingizni topa olasiz. Ko'plab sayyohlar yozda Serbiyaga kelishadi va siz ko'pincha Belgrad ko'chalarida nemis, italyan, frantsuz va ingliz tillarini eshitishingiz mumkin, sloveniyalik sayyohlar esa Yangi yil ta'tiliga tashrif buyurishadi.

Iqlim

Shimolda: kontinental iqlim (qishda sovuq va yog'ingarchilik taqsimlangan issiq, yozda); markaziy qismi: o'rtacha kontinental iqlim; va janubda: issiq, quruq yozlar va kuzlar va kuchli qor yog'adigan qishlar nisbatan sovuq.

Geografiya

Juda xilma-xil: shimolga, boy unumdor tekisliklar; sharqda ohaktosh tizmalari va havzalari; janubi-sharqda, qadimiy tog'lar va tepaliklar. Mionika shahri atrofidagi hudud ba'zi zilzilalar bilan mashhur bo'lgan bo'lsa-da, bu hech qanday halokatli bo'lmagan. Eng baland joy - Jeravica, 2656 m.

Tarix

O'n etti edi Rim imperatorlari hozirgi Serbiya hududida, Galliyadan ko'proq tug'ilgan (Frantsiya va Belgiya), Iberiya (Ispaniya va Portugaliya) yoki haqiqatan ham boshqa zamonaviy mamlakat hududi, ammo Italiyava ularning barchasi yodgorliklarni qoldirib, tug'ilgan joylarida yoki ularga yaqin saroylar qurishdi. Ehtimol, Evropada topilgan eng qadimgi aholi punktlari, agar dunyoda bo'lmasa, Serbiyada bo'lishi mumkin. Dunay daryosining boshqa Evropa mamlakatlariga qaraganda uzunroq qismi Serbiyada joylashgan. Jerdapning ulkan gidroelektr to'g'oni imperator Trajan tomonidan qurilgan Sharqqa mashhur Rim yo'li bilan Jerdap Kanyonidan uzoq masofalarga cho'zilgan ko'l yaratdi.

Ushbu nom ostida birinchi Serbiya davlati 8-asrning oxirlarida tashkil topdi, 12-asrda qirollikka aylandi va 14-asr o'rtalariga kelib Bolqonlarning ko'p qismini o'z ichiga olgan imperiyaga aylandi. Biroq 1389 yilda serblar Kosovo maydonida hal qiluvchi jangda mag'lubiyatga uchradilar Usmonli imperiyasi. Serbiya yana yetmish yil davomida o'z erkinligini saqlab qolishga muvaffaq bo'ldi, faqat 1459 yilda turklar uni mag'lubiyatga uchratdi.

Serbiya hududi daryolarning janubida bo'lganida, har biri 2-5 yillik va yana uzoqroq (1717-1739) oralig'idagi qisqa intermediyalar bilan. Dunay va Sava tarkibiga kiritilgan Avstriya imperiyasi1800-yillarning boshlarida qo'zg'olon keng miqyosli urushga aylanguniga qadar Usmoniylar hukmronligi ostida qoldi (Serbiya inqilobi aka Birinchi Serbiya qo'zg'oloni) 1815 yilda Serbiya avtonomiyasining tiklanishiga va 1837 yilda to'liq mustaqillikka olib keldi. Ammo 160 yildan keyin Turklar (Xorvatiya va Vengriyaning ko'p qismi bilan bir xil), Shimoliy Serbiya (Voyvodina) 1690-yillardan boshlab Avstriya boshqaruvida bo'lgan.

Archduke Ferdinandni etnik serbiyalik o'rta maktab o'quvchisi o'ldirganidan so'ng 1914 yil Avstriya-Vengriya Serbiyaga bostirib kirdi. birinchi jahon urushi. 1918 yildagi g'alabadan so'ng Serbiya barcha janubiy slavyan erlarini (Xorvatiya, Sloveniya, Slavoniya, Dalmatiya, Bosniya va Gertsegovina va Chernogoriya) Serblar, Xorvatlar va Slovenlar Qirolligiga yig'di; Mamlakat nomi 1929 yilda Yugoslaviya deb o'zgartirilgan. 1941 yilda Germaniya va Italiya tomonidan bosib olinishi va bosib olinishi Ikkinchi jahon urushi Yugoslaviya armiyasi tomonidan vatanida (Chetniklar) general-leytenant Dragoljub Mixaylovich va kommunistik boshchiligidagi partizanlar (partizanlar) tomonidan boshqarilib, oxir-oqibat bir-birlariga va bosqinchilarga qarshi kurash boshlandi. Feld-marshal Iosip Broz Tito tomonidan qo'mondonlik qilingan partizanlar g'olib chiqib, monarxiyani tugatgan va 1946 yilda shubhali referendumdan so'ng respublika e'lon qilgan vaqtinchalik hukumatni tuzdilar. Urush oxirida deyarli barcha etnik nemislar mamlakatni tark etishdi. Kommunistik tarafdor bo'lishiga qaramay, J.B.Titoning yangi hukumati Varshava Shartnomasi davlatlari va G'arb o'rtasida yaqin to'rt yarim o'n yilliklar davomida o'zining nozik yo'lini muvaffaqiyatli boshqargan.

1990-yillarning boshlarida, Titodan keyin Yugoslaviya etnik yo'nalishlarda echila boshladi: Sloveniya, Xorvatiyava Sobiq Yugoslaviya Makedoniya Respublikasi barchasi 1991 yilda Yugoslaviya Ittifoqidan ajralib chiqqan; va Bosniya va Gertsegovina 1992 yilda. Yugoslaviyani saqlab qolish bo'yicha barcha harakatlar muvaffaqiyatsiz tugadi va Xorvatiyada va Bosniyada qonli fuqarolar urushlari boshlandi. Qolgan Serbiya va Chernogoriya respublikalari 1992 yilda yangi "Yugoslaviya Federativ Respublikasi" ni (FRY) e'lon qildi. Slobodan Milosevich Serbiyaning birinchi prezidenti etib saylandi.

1990-yillarning oxirida Albaniya separatistik harakati bilan ziddiyat Kosovo NATOning bombardimon qilish kampaniyasiga va to'g'ridan-to'g'ri aralashuviga olib keldi, bu Kosovoni BMT ma'muriyatiga topshirishni qoldirdi. Bu vaqtga kelib federatsiya prezidenti etib saylangan Slobodan Milosevich 2000 yil kuzida Federal saylovlarda Vojislav Koshtunitaga yutqazdi. Mamlakat BMTga a'zoligini qayta tikladi va Evropa Ittifoqiga kirish uchun tayyorgarlikni boshladi.

2002 yilda Serbiya va Chernogoriya respublikalari bo'shashgan munosabatlarni o'rnatish bo'yicha muzokaralarni boshladilar, natijada avval millat nomi "Serbiya va Chernogoriya" ga o'zgartirildi, so'ngra avjiga chiqdi Chernogoriya 2006 yil iyun oyida mustaqilligini e'lon qildi. Kosovo bir tomonlama ravishda mustaqilligini e'lon qildi; ammo, ushbu harakat Serbiya va boshqa ko'plab mamlakatlar tomonidan tan olinmagan bo'lib qolmoqda.

Mustaqillik 2003 yil 4 fevralda (qachon o'zgargan bo'lsa) Yugoslaviya Federativ Respublikasi uchun Serbiya va Chernogoriya davlat ittifoqi) yoki 2006 yil 5-iyunda (qachon bo'lgan bo'lsa) Serbiya).

Milliy bayramlar

1-2 yanvar (Yangi yil kuni), 7 yanvar (Sharqiy pravoslav Rojdestvo), 14 yanvar (ish kuni) (pravoslav Yangi yil), 27 yanvar (ish kuni) (Aziz Sava bayrami kuni), 15-16 fevral (Sretenje / Groundhog kuni (Candlemas) / Serbiya milliy kuni), Yaxshi juma va Pasxa dushanbasi (pravoslav taqvimiga ko'ra), 1-2 may (Mehnat kuni), 9 may (ish kuni) (G'alaba kuni), 28 iyun (ish kuni) ( Vidovdan / St Vitus kuni) va 11 noyabr (Sulh kuni) davlat bayramlari sifatida belgilangan. Supermarketlar va savdo markazlari kabi yirik chakana savdo korxonalari ushbu kunlarning barchasida 1-yanvar va 7-yanvardan tashqari har doim ochiq qoladi. Shuningdek, rasmiy ravishda belgilangan bir necha kunlar mavjud bo'lib, ularda faqat ayrim diniy ozchiliklar vakillari dam olish huquqiga ega. Amalda bu shuni anglatadiki, mamlakatning eng shimoliy hududlarida, shu jumladan Subotika, katolik aholisi ko'p bo'lgan joyda, ko'plab do'konlar Gregorian taqvimi bo'yicha 25 dekabr - Rojdestvo kuni yopiladi.

Tadbirlar

Serbiya, dunyoning aksariyat davlatlari singari, dan foydalanadi Metrik tizim.

Chiqinglar

Kirish talablari

Politsiyada ro'yxatdan o'tish Qo'shni Bosniya va Xorvatiya singari, chet elliklar ham o'zlarining tumanlaridagi chegara punktida yoki aeroportda serbiyaliklarning kirish muhrini olganlaridan keyin 12 soat ichida o'zlarini politsiya bo'limida ro'yxatdan o'tkazishlari shart. Ro'yxatdan o'tish avtomatik ravishda mehmonxona xodimlari tomonidan ro'yxatdan o'tganidan keyin amalga oshiriladi; ammo, agar siz do'stlaringiz bilan xususiy uyda yashasangiz, siz o'zingizni turgan hududingizdagi politsiyada ro'yxatdan o'tkazishingiz kerak. Chet el fuqarolarini ro'yxatdan o'tkazish varag'ining pastki qismini, agar siz politsiya bo'limida ro'yxatdan o'tayotgan bo'lsangiz, o'zingiz bilan birga olib borishingiz kerak, yoki mehmonxonada tursangiz, mehmonxonani qabul qilishdan olingan nusxani olishingiz kerak; mamlakatdan chiqib ketayotganda uni Chegara politsiyasiga taqdim etishingiz talab qilinishi mumkin. Ba'zan, ular buni so'ramaydilar va siz uni ma'muriy yodgorlik sifatida saqlashingiz mumkin. Hech qachon unutmangki, ro'yxatdan o'tmaslik sudga tortilishi va katta miqdordagi jarimaga olib kelishi mumkin, ammo bu kamdan-kam hollarda amalga oshiriladi.

Serbiyaga quyidagi mamlakatlar / hududlarning chet el fuqarolari kirishi mumkin vizasiz (Hukumat veb-sayti):

• To qadar 6 oy ichida 90 kun:Albaniya, Andorra, Argentina, Avstraliya, Avstriya, Ozarbayjon, Bahrayn, Belgiya, Boliviya, Bosniya va Gertsegovina, Braziliya, Bolgariya, Kanada, Chili, Kosta-Rika, Xorvatiya, Kuba, Kipr, Chex Respublikasi, Daniya, Estoniya, Finlyandiya, Frantsiya, Germaniya, Gretsiya, Muqaddas qarang, Vengriya, Islandiya, Irlandiya, Isroil, Italiya, Yaponiya, Latviya, Lixtenshteyn, Litva, Lyuksemburg, Makao, Maltada, Meksika, Moldova, Monako, Mo'g'uliston, Chernogoriya, Gollandiya, Yangi Zelandiya, Shimoliy Makedoniya, Norvegiya, Ummon, Peru, Polsha, Portugaliya, Qatar, Ruminiya, San-Marino, Seyshel orollari, Singapur, Slovakiya, Sloveniya, Janubiy Koreya, Ispaniya, Shvetsiya, Shveytsariya, Tunis, kurka, Birlashgan Arab Amirliklari, Birlashgan Qirollik, Qo'shma Shtatlar, Urugvay
• To qadar 30 kun, har qanday 180 kun ichida 90 kungacha:Belorussiya, Xitoy, Qozog'iston, Rossiya
• To qadar Istalgan 60 kun ichida 30 kun:Ukraina
• To qadar Bir yil ichida 30 kun:Bagama orollari, Barbados, Kolumbiya, Gruziya, Gvineya-Bisau, Hindiston, Indoneziya, Eron, Yamayka, Paragvay, Sent-Vinsent va Grenadinalar, Surinam
• To qadar 14 kun:Gonkong

Quyidagi davlatlarning fuqarolari kirishlari va yashashlari mumkin 6 oy ichida 90 kun Milliy guvohnoma bilan: Avstriya, Belgiya, Bosniya va Gertsegovina, Bolgariya, Xorvatiya, Kipr, Chex Respublikasi, Daniya, Estoniya, Finlyandiya, Frantsiya, Germaniya, Gretsiya, Vengriya, Islandiya, Irlandiya, Italiya, Latviya, Litva, Lyuksemburg, Maltada, Chernogoriya, Gollandiya, Shimoliy Makedoniya, Norvegiya, Polsha, Portugaliya, Ruminiya, Slovakiya, Sloveniya, Ispaniya, Shvetsiya, Shveytsariya, Birlashgan Qirollik.

2014 yil noyabr oyidan boshlab amaldagi viza egalari va Evropa Ittifoqi va Shengen hududiga a'zo davlatlar hamda Qo'shma Shtatlar Serbiyaga vizasiz qolish muddati davomida 180 kun ichida maksimal 90 kunlik muddatga vizasiz kirishlari mumkin. .

Serbiya bu bilan tashrif buyuruvchilarni e'lon qildi Kosovar vizalar yoki pasport shtamplari mamlakatga kiritilmaydi. Biroq, buning o'rniga vizalar va shtamplarga "bekor qilingan" shtamp bilan ortiqcha muhr bosilib ketgandek tuyuladi. Serbiyaning kirish muhrisiz Kosovo orqali Serbiyaga kirish noqonuniy kirish sifatida qabul qilinadi va qattiq jazo bilan kutib olinishi mumkin; ammo, Serbiyani Kosovo orqali tark etish muammo emas.

Bojxona nazorati juda sodda, ammo e'tiborga loyiq tartibga solish shundaki, sizga faqat 120 mingtani ko'chirishga ruxsat beriladi Serbiya dinarlari (RSD) mamlakatga va undan tashqarida va RSD 1000 dan kattaroq notalarning chegaradan o'tishiga yo'l qo'yilmaydi. Siz deklaratsiyasiz chegara orqali 10,000 evrogacha pul o'tkazishingiz mumkin. Serbiyadan bank o'tkazmalari hali ham qiyin bo'lganligi sababli, naqd pul o'rtacha miqdordagi eng oson variant hisoblanadi.

Samolyotda

• Belgrad Serbiyaning asosiy aeroporti - Belgrad Nikola Tesla aeroporti (BEG ^IATA), Belgrad markazidan 15 km uzoqlikda. Evropaning yirik aviakompaniyalari Belgradga uchishadi. Serbiyaning Air Serbia milliy aviakompaniyasi Evropaning, Shimoliy Afrika va Yaqin Sharqning barcha yirik shaharlariga parvoz qiladi. Belgradga uchadigan quyidagi aviakompaniyalar:
• Aeroflot (Moskva -Shermetyevo),
• Egey havo yo'llari (Afina),
• Serbiya havo (Abu-Dabi, Amsterdam, Afina, Berlin-Tegel, Bryussel, Budapesht, Kopengagen, Dubrovnik, Düsseldorf, Frankfurt, Istanbul, Larnaka, London-Xitrou, Milan-Malpensa, Monastir, Moskva-Sheremetevo, Ohrid, Parij-Sharl de Goll, Praga, Podgoritsa, Rim-Fiumicino, Sarayevo, Skopye, Split, Stokgolm-Arlanda, Shtutgart, Tel-Aviv, Saloniki, Tivat, Vena, Zagreb, Tsyurix),
• Alitalia(Rim),
• Avstriyalik (Vena),
• Belavia Belorussian Airways (Budapesht, Minsk),
• Easyjet (Jeneva),
• Etihad Airways (Abu-Dabi),
• Gazpromavia (Sochi),
• Eurowings (Shtutgart),

• Polsha aviakompaniyalari (Varshava),
• Lufthansa (Frankfurt, Myunxen),
• Chernogoriya aviakompaniyalari (Podgoritsa, Tivat),
• Norvegiya (Oslo),
• Dubay (Dubay),
• Pegasus Airlines (Istanbul - Sabiha Gokchen),
• Shveytsariyaning xalqaro havo liniyalari (Jeneva, Tsyurix),
• TAROM (Buxarest)
• Tunisair (Enfida, Tunis)
• Turkish Airlines (Istanbul IST).
• Wizzair (Bazel, Dortmund, Eyndxoven, Gyoteborg-Siti, Larnaka, London-Luton, Malmö, Memmingen, Parij-Bouveis, Rim-Fiumisino, Stokgolm-Skavsta),
• Qatarairways (Doha)

Aeroportdan Belgradning markaziga 72-sonli shahar avtobusida etib borishingiz mumkin, u jo'nash zalining oldida to'xtaydi.

Shuningdek, aeroportni Slaviya maydoni bilan bog'laydigan tezyurar avtobuslar (A1 yo'nalishi) mavjud. Chipta narxi 250 RSD (2,50 €).

Aeroportdan shaharga taksi xizmatining litsenziyalangan narxlari RSD 1500 (15 evro) stavkasini belgilaydi. Shahar markaziga sayohat vaqti taxminan 20 min.

Kiruvchi taksilar aeroport ma'murlari bilan doimiy radio aloqasiga ega. Bu yo'lovchilarga yaxshi alternativani ta'minlaydi.

Taksini topishda muammo yuzaga kelsa, Belgradning sayyohlik tashkiloti xodimlariga etib kelish zalida murojaat qilib, siz uchun taksi chaqirishingiz kerak.

Aeroportda ishlaydigan barcha taksilar yuqori darajadagi qulay limuzinlardir.

Belgrad shahridan tashqaridagi yo'nalishlarga taksi xizmatlaridan foydalanish oqilona emas, chunki narxlar asossiz ravishda yuqori. Litsenziyaga ega bo'lgan barcha taksi haydovchilarida nishon, seriya raqami tasvirlangan ko'k rangli davlat raqami va tomida Belgrad Gerbi ko'rsatilgan. Litsenziyalangan taksilarda ham avtoulov raqamlarida oxirgi bo'lib TX harflari bo'lishi kerak.

Agar siz belgilangan narxga qarab o'tirmasangiz, taksometr yoqilganligiga ishonch hosil qiling. 1-dushanba - shanba kunlari ertalabdan 22:00 gacha to'g'ri keladi. 1-tarifda hisoblagich har bir chertish uchun bir dinordan ko'proq harakat qilmasligi kerak - bir marta bosish uchun uch yoki to'rt dinor harakat qilish haydovchi sizni yirtib tashlamoqchi bo'lganligining aniq belgisidir. 3-tarif - bu "hiyla-nayrang" bir km uchun RSD 50 yoki 60 ni harakatga keltirib, behayo pullardan firibgarlikda foydalangan. Yoki yaxshiroq, bir nechta avtobus yo'nalishlaridan biriga o'ting, tekshiring Belgrad Bo'lim.

• Nish - Serbiyaning ikkinchi xalqaro aeroporti Nish shahrida joylashgan: Nish Konstantin Buyuk xalqaro aeroporti (INI ^IATA). Aeroportga va aeroportdan quyidagi aviakompaniyalar ishlaydi: Montenegro Airlines (Podgoritsa).

Poyezdda

Budapesht-Belgrad temir yo'li yopiq kamida 2022 yilgacha. Vaqtinchalik temir yo'l yo'nalishlari sekin va zerikarli, avtobusga o'ting.

Bir necha xalqaro poezdlar (kunduzi va kechasi) Belgradni Avstriya, Vengriya, Sloveniya, Xorvatiya, Chernogoriya, Shimoliy Makedoniya, Ruminiya va Bolgariya bilan bog'laydi. Qarang Belgrad # Poyezdda batafsil ma'lumot va narxlar uchun. Ruminiya, Bolgariya va Shimoliy Makedoniyaga boradigan poezdlar ko'pincha kechikishadi (taxminan bir soat) va ular go'yoki ko'pincha eski, unchalik qulay bo'lmagan avtomobillardan iborat. Odatda poezdlar juda xavfsizdir. Kechasi yarim tunda ko'plab tungi poezdlar chegarani kesib o'tishini hisobga oling va bojxona xodimlari sizni uyg'otishga intilishmaydi.

Qatnov jadvallari va boshqa barcha ma'lumotlarni milliy aviakompaniya veb-saytidan tekshiring Serbiya temir yo'llari.

Serbiyaga yoki undan qaytib borishning arzon usuli bu bo'lishi mumkin Bolqon Flexipass.

Beograd-Bar yo'nalishi ko'plab tunnel va ko'priklar (dunyodagi eng baland temir yo'l ko'prigi Mala Rijekani o'z ichiga olgan) va Dinar tog'larining ajoyib manzaralari bilan Evropaning eng chiroyli temir yo'llaridan biridir. Bu, albatta, kunduzgi poezdda ketishga arziydi.

Mashinada

Agar sizning transport vositangiz Evropa Ittifoqi mamlakatlarida ro'yxatdan o'tgan va sug'urtalangan bo'lsa, sizga yashil karta kerak emas. Aks holda, Green Card-da bekor qilinmagan "SRB" qutisi borligiga ishonch hosil qiling. Vengriyadan kelgan Sged / Xorgos chegara punkti tirbandligi bilan mashhur. Agar Vengriyadan chegarani kesib o'tmoqchi bo'lsangiz, taxminan 20 km g'arbda joylashgan Tompa / Kelebiya o'tish punktini sinab ko'ring.

Politsiya odatda transport vositalarining harakatlanish tezligini nazorat qilish uchun katta kavşaklarda yoki yer osti o'tish joylarida joylashgan. Haydovchilar odatda boshqalarni politsiya borligi to'g'risida baland nurlarni ikki-uch marta silkitib ogohlantiradilar. Politsiya to'xtatuvchilari barcha katta avtomagistrallarni qo'riqlaydilar. Haydovchilar tezlikni oshirganligi va / yoki tajovuzkor tarzda harakat qilganlari to'xtatiladi. 120 km / soat zonalarda 140 km / s gacha bo'lgan tezlikka odatda yo'l qo'yiladi, lekin har doim ham bunga yo'l qo'yilmaydi.

Yo'l harakati to'g'risidagi qonun qat'iydir. 14 yoshgacha bo'lgan har qanday kishiga oldingi o'rindiqda o'tirishga ruxsat berilmaydi, xavfsizlik kamarlaridan foydalanish barcha yo'lovchilar uchun majburiydir, qon tarkibidagi alkogol miqdori 0,03% bilan cheklanadi va kichikroq qoidabuzarliklar uchun jarima miqdori 30 evrodan boshlanadi va 60 kungacha qamoq jazosiga va € ga teng. Katta miqdordagi yo'l-transport hodisasini sodir etganligi uchun (mahalliy aholi ham, chet elliklar ham). Shuni yodda tutingki, agar siz baxtsiz hodisada kimnidir o'ldirsangiz, qamoq jazosi deyarli muqarrar bo'ladi. Agar siz qishloq va mahalliy yo'llarda harakatlanayotgan bo'lsangiz, velosiped haydovchilariga, traktorlarga va boshqa og'ir qishloq xo'jaligi mashinalariga, ayniqsa tunda e'tibor bering! Ular to'g'ri yorug'lik signalizatsiyasiz va ko'rish qiyin bo'lishi mumkin, shuning uchun kechasi sekinlashing.

Magistral pulli, ammo endi chet elliklar uchun to'lov mahalliy aholiga qaraganda yuqori. Magistral yo'llar uchun to'lovlar o'rtacha 0,03 / km ni tashkil qiladi va ularni serb dinarlari yoki evroda to'lash mumkin. Ulardan yo'l uchastkasi olinadi, shuning uchun faqat bir qismi ishlatilgan taqdirda ko'proq pul to'lash mumkin. Asosiy yo'llar va aholi punktlari yoqilg'i quyish shoxobchalari bilan yaxshi ta'minlangan bo'lib, sizga keng turdagi yoqilg'ilarni taqdim etadi (evrodizel, qo'rg'oshinsiz benzin va boshqalar). unchalik ko'p emas, lekin katta yo'llarda va yirik shaharlarda qoniqarli.

Serbiya Auto-Moto Assotsiatsiyasining (AMSS) telefon raqami 1987 yil bo'lib, ular barcha turdagi xizmatlarni (ma'lumot, tortish, ta'mirlash) taqdim etadi. Xususiy tortib olish xizmatlari qimmatga tushishi mumkin, ba'zilari esa ochiq-oydin. Ko'pgina yirik avtoulov kompaniyalari Serbiyada tayinlangan xizmatlarga ega.

Avtobusda

Vena - Avtobuslar deyarli har kuni Vena xalqaro Busterminal (Erdberg) dan jo'nab ketadi. Belgradning janubidagi yo'nalishlar uchun Zoran Reisen murabbiylari juma kuni soat 15: 00da jo'nab ketishadi va bir tomonlama sayohat uchun 45 evrodan haq oladilar.

Qo'shimcha ma'lumot uchun qarang ingliz tilida jadval^{[o'lik havola]} Belgrad avtovokzalining (kelish / ketish).

Qayiqda

Belgrad orqali o'tadigan qayiq turlari mavjud. Ular ingliz tilida sayohat qilgan Trafalgar Tours Dunay va Belgradda ikki kunlik dam olish.

Bosh barmog'i bilan

Serbiya bo'ylab avtostop hali ham qabul qilinadi va aksariyat haydovchilar sizga do'stingizdek munosabatda bo'lishadi. Biroq, zarur choralarni ko'rish kerak. Odatda, Vojvodina orqali avtostopda yurish oson, Belgraddan janubga, Kosovoga yoki Shimoliy Makedoniya va Chernogoriyaga sayohat qilish juda qiyin. The Serbiyada avtostopchilar uchun qo'llanma Serbiyaning bir qator shahar va qishloqlari uchun avtostoplar bo'yicha maslahatlar to'plamini taqdim etadi. Uni Serbiyadan kelgan mustaqil sayohatchilar uyushmasi - Serbiya sayohat klubi a'zolari tayyorladilar va ingliz va serb tillarida mavjud.

Velosipedda

Velosiped marshruti EuroVelo 6 Atlantika okeanidan Qora dengizgacha o'tgan, Dunay daryosiga ergashib Serbiyani kesib o'tadi. Tavsiya etilgan marshrutning aksariyati kichik asfaltlangan yo'llardan iborat bo'lib, yo'nalishlar aniq EuroVelo 6 yozuvlari bilan aniq ko'rsatilgan.

Juda oz sonli shaharlarda velosipedchilar uchun qulay infratuzilmalar mavjud bo'lsa-da, velosiped sayohat qilish va sayohat qilishning iqtisodiy va barqaror muqobil usuli sifatida aholi orasida asta-sekin qiziqish uyg'otmoqda.

Atrofga boring

Avtobusda

Serbiyani aylanib o'tishning eng keng tarqalgan va qulay usuli avtobusdir. Qarang Sobiq Yugoslaviyada avtobusda sayohat qilish qo'shimcha ma'lumot olish uchun. Vaqt jadvallari uchun (narxlar emas), siz tekshirishingiz mumkin polazak.rs

Poyezdda

Serbiyadagi poezdlar G'arbiy / Markaziy Evropaning aksariyat qismlariga qaraganda ancha sustroq, ammo ular mamlakatni ko'rishning juda chiroyli usuli bo'lishi mumkin. Ko'pgina marshrutlarda poezdlar avtobuslarga qaraganda sekinroq, faqat Belgraddan Novi Sadgacha va Xorvatiya chegarasigacha (Sid) o'tgan yo'nalishlar bundan mustasno. Biroq, ular ancha arzon (40% gacha) bo'lishi mumkin. Poezdlar tez-tez o'z vaqtida qatnaydilar, ammo ko'pgina yo'nalishlarda temir yo'l qatnovi intensivligi pasaygan (ba'zi xalqaro yo'nalishlar to'xtatilgan holda).

Aksariyat temir yo'l qatnovlari yangi poezdlar tomonidan boshqariladi (elektrlashtirilgan liniyalar uchun Stadler Flirt va elektrlanmaganlar uchun Metrovagonmash RA-2, ammo siz hali ham eski poezdlarning bir qismini periferik yo'nalishlarda topishingiz mumkin (Sovet Ittifoqida ishlab chiqarilgan JŽ klassi 412/416). Union), va hatto ba'zi eski Sharqiy Germaniya dizel-temir yo'l avtobuslari (Shinobus), ikkinchisi, asosan Banatda mintaqaviy foydalanishda) va muntazam ravishda lokomotiv tashiydigan poezdlar xalqaro yo'nalishlarda xizmat qiladi.

Barcha poezdlar Serbiya temir yo'llarining yo'lovchi bo'limi tomonidan boshqariladi SrbijaVoz^{[o'lik havola]}. (harakat jadvallari mavjud, ammo ba'zi sabablarga ko'ra narxlar faqat ma'lum yo'nalishlar uchun mavjud. Barcha yo'nalishlar uchun poezdlar narxlari bilan tanishishingiz mumkin polazak.rs . Siz sayohat qilayotgan joylaringizda temir yo'l stantsiyasini tanlashingiz kerak bo'ladi (poezd belgisi bilan belgilangan va undan keyin) .S.

Poezd turlari

Muntazam yo'lovchilarga xizmat ko'rsatishda bir nechta poezd turlari mavjud, ammo poezd turi kamdan-kam hollarda haqiqiy sayohat vaqtiga yoki poezd tezligiga ta'sir qiladi. Ular narxlarda ham bir oz farq qiladi.

Brzi (Tez) poezdlar (a bilan belgilangan B nazariy jihatdan kamroq to'xtash joylarida to'xtab turadigan jadvallarda) (garchi bu asosan, eng chekka joylarni anglatsa).

RegioEkspres poezdlar (a bilan belgilangan Qayta aksariyat stantsiyalarda to'xtaydigan jadvallar bo'yicha) (bu odatda barchasini anglatadi).

Ushbu ikki turdagi poezdlar chiptaga qo'shib qo'yilgan qo'shimchaga ega (50 km gacha bo'lgan sayohat uchun 50 RSD va 50 km dan ortiq sayohat uchun 100 RSD, Re poezdlari uchun va 100 ta B guruhi uchun)

Putnichki (Yo'lovchi) (a bilan belgilangan PT barcha stantsiyalarda to'xtaydigan va qo'shimcha bo'lmagan poezdlar. Ushbu tur tobora odatiy holga aylanib bormoqda, chunki ŽS uni Re poezdlari foydasiga bekor qilmoqda.

Poezd sayohat vaqtlari va narxlari

Serbiyaning aksariyat qismida poezdlarda sayohat qilish vaqtni tejashga imkon bermaydi, ammo bu byudjetga sayohat qiluvchilar uchun juda yaxshi imkoniyat bo'lishi mumkin. B va Re poezdlarida (nazariy jihatdan) ikkita sinf mavjud (1-chi va 2-chi, 1-chi 20% qimmatroq)), ammo bu yangi Stadler va Metrovagonmash poezdlarida 1-o'rindiq juda kam bo'lganligi sababli tobora ma'nosiz bo'lib kelmoqda (har bir poyezdda 4 tadan) va ular deyarli har doim dirijyorlar tomonidan qabul qilinadi va ularni harakatga keltirish qiyin bo'lishi mumkin. Ko'pgina xalqaro poezdlarda deyarli hech qachon 1-darajali vagon yo'q.

Aksariyat yo'nalishlarda sayohat vaqtlari avtobusda sayohat qilishdan ancha uzoqroq va Markaziy Serbiyaning ko'plab shaharlari Belgradga to'g'ridan-to'g'ri ulanmagan (va jadval jadvalini tuzuvchilar tez va oson o'zgarishlarga yo'l qo'ymasliklari kerak). Bu holat kelajakdagi poezd sayohatchisini kichik shaharlarga temir yo'l sayohatidan zavqlanishning kam imkoniyatlarini qoldiradi.

Odatda, Belgraddan Novi Sadgacha (~ 1½ soatlik sayohat, bir tomonga ~ 400 RSD) poezdda borish osonroq, arzonroq va qulayroq (va ba'zida tezroq). Belgraddan Nishgacha sayohat qilish - bu yana bir variant, garchi bu safar avtobusga qaraganda ancha uzoqroq bo'lsa (~ 5 soat ~ 3 soat) va yangi Stadler poezdlarida sayohat qilsangiz, bu juda noqulay bo'lishi mumkin, chunki ularning o'rindiqlari sayohat vaqtlarining qisqarishi (LCD displeyi bilan 45 km / soat tezlikni doimiy ravishda ko'rsatib turadigan to'liq zamonaviy poyezdda o'tirish ham asabiylashtirishi mumkin). Boshqa tomondan, bu sayohat juda yoqimli va manzarali tajriba bo'lishi mumkin, agar siz, masalan, Zemundan PT poezdiga o'tsangiz (Belgrad markaz stantsiyasidan soat 15: 22da chiqib, soat 20: 52da etib borasiz, narxi 784 RSD). u hali ham eski kupeli vagonlar va teplovozlar tomonidan boshqariladi (va deyarli har doim butunlay bo'sh (2017 yil may).

Glavna Celeznička Stanica Beograd (Belgrad asosiy temir yo'l stantsiyasi) dan Beograd Centar / Prokop (Belgrad Center / Prokop) ga qadar bo'lgan temir yo'l terminallarining uzoq muddatli o'zgarishi (2017/18 yil jadvalidan boshlab) tugallandi. Endi asosiy temir yo'l stantsiyasida to'xtaydigan yagona poezdlar xalqaro va bir nechta B Subotica va Novi Sad shaharlaridan poezdlar. Muammo shundaki, Beograd Centar asosan qurilmagan, faqat platformalarga ega va bekat binosi yo'q va bemalol etib borish qiyin (Belgrad aholisi aytganidek, unga bor-yo'g'i 1½ avtobus yo'nalishi bor (biri hech qaerdan Hech qaerda va boshqa joydan (juda tartibsiz) Slaviya maydoniga boradigan joy) Agar siz tasodifan Novi Sad, Subotika yoki Shiddan borsangiz, siz Novi Beogradda poezddan chiqib, shahar markaziga avtobus yoki tramvayda borishni o'ylab ko'rishingiz kerak. siz shahar temir yo'lida borishingiz mumkin (BG: Voz, Beograd Centar-dan Novi Beograd yoki Karadorđev Park / Vukov spomenik, ko'proq markazda joylashgan. Kech kirib kelishidan saqlaning, chunki na Novi Beograd stantsiyasi, na Belgrad markazi yaxshi joy. tunda va u erda soat 23:00 dan keyin deyarli hech qanday jamoat transporti mavjud emas. Beograd Centar Yugoslaviya temir yo'llari uchun temir yo'l uzeli sifatida qurilgan va hozir ko'rayotgan yana katta temir yo'llar uchun rejalashtirilgan edi. o'ng tomonda kutish platformada va o'rtada turing, chunki aks holda siz poezdni sog'inishingiz mumkin.

You must buy tickets at the train station before boarding the train (unless the ticket window is closed (usually only very late at night, and never in main cities). A ticket is valid for a specific train, not (as is common in Western Europe, a line), so you can't hop-on hop-off.

The cashiers usually speak little English, so you should have a peace of paper with your destination written on it, and if you don't want to the next train, the number of that train. The cashier will sometimes ask you if you want a reservation, and if you speak no Serbo-Croatian, they will usually put it without asking. This reservation costs 110 RSD, and has no real purpose, as it only guarantees you a seat, and trains are almost never full (except the Belgrade-Novi Sad line). Also, even if you have it, conductors can be unwilling to fight other passengers to give you the seat, and you can bet that no one on the train will have a reservation for a particular seat you take. If you don't wish to take the reservation you should just say bez rezervacije (bez rezervatsiye) when buying a ticket.

Gapir

Shuningdek qarang: Serbcha so'zlashuv kitobi

The official Serbian language is similar to Croatian and Bosnian. Before the era of nationalist linguistic policies and the breakup of the former Yugoslavia, all of those dialects were all known as Serbo-Croatian. Today, people in the former Yugoslavia no longer use this general term for what remains a common language.

English is commonly spoken by younger adults throughout Serbia and they are also quite willing to practise it with foreigners. You can also try with German, French, Russian, Spanish or Italian which are taught in school.

If you speak Ruscha or other Slavic languages such as Bulgarian and Macedonian, it can prove to be occasionally helpful for you, as the those languages have some similarities with Serbian. Older people may speak Russian as it was taught as a compulsory second language in school during the communist era, though it has been largely supplanted by English among the younger generation.

In Vojvodina, most people speak Serbian, but other languages are also used. In some towns near the Hungarian border, you are more likely to hear Hungarian. There are many smaller minorities (Slovaks, Romanians, Roma people), who often speak their native languages.

Qarang

Serbia's many sights include stunning castles, Medieval monasteries, lovely traditional villages and bustling cities with baroque parks and art-deco architecture.

Shaharlar va qishloqlar

Its capital, Belgrad, is a lively and upcoming European city with the Sava and Danube rivers running right trough it. Certainly not a boring city, it has a plethora of interesting destinations, old and new.. Stroll through Prince Michael Street, the cities main pedestrian street, or stop by for a drink in one of Skadarlija 's many restaurants. There are a lot of old buildings on all four banks, including the huge Kalemegdan Fortress, that has been built, modeled and remodeled by the Celts, Romans, Byzantines, Serbs, Austrians and Turks in a time span of over 2000 years. Once an important military fortification, it now serves as a central park of Belgrade with beautiful views facing the north-west. Within the fort is a zoo, a military museum, a couple churches rich in history, galleries, parks, sports fields, etc. It has a multitude of various towers and ports, and two long walking/biking paths along both rivers. Other Belgrade sights include the modern Temple of Saint Sava, Milliy muzey va Old Court Palace. The river island Ada Ciganlija has an artificial lake and an 8 km long gravel beach, and is a close option if one doesn't want to bathe in pools. Should one want the contrary, Tasmajdan park is, along with the famous church of St. Mark, filled with pools and even houses a water polo team. It's a lively place with lots of sports and entertainment, cafes and restaurants, some of which are opened the whole year round. Zemun, now part of the Belgrade urban area, developed under Hungarian and later Habsburg influence for most of its history and is a pleasant area with a distinct feeling dissimilar to Belgrade. It offers plenty of entertainment and restaurants on its Zemun quay, on the bank of the Danube.

Novi Sad is another delightful city, with the Petrovaradin Fortress (one of the greatest and best preserved 18th-century fortresses in Europe) as its main sight. The city also has a number of lovely parks that just ask for a long afternoon stroll or picnic. Sremski Karlovci near Novi Sad has a rich history, numerous monuments, museums, churches, galleries and famous wine cellars. Town of Novi Pazar, your last stop before Kosovo, has a distinct Turkish heritage and a bunch of great monasteries in the surrounding area.

Mokra Gora is a village reconstructed in a traditional style in the popular mountain region of Zlatibor. Qishloq Sirogojno is in the same region, with a nice open air museum and lots of traditional crafts on display. Very nearby is the traditional village of Drvengrad, shuningdek, nomi bilan tanilgan Mećavnik, which the Serbian film director Emir Kusturica built for his film Hayot - bu mo''jiza. After you see the villages, Zlatibor offers some great ski-resorts, hiking trails and landscapes. Or hop on the Šargan Eight, a narrow-gauge heritage railway running from Mokra Gora to Šargan Vitasi station (Zlatibor and Tara mountains). When it comes to the number of bridges and tunnels, and the rise of 18 per thousand, Sargan Eight is unique in Europe and a ride on the 8-shaped track is a popular pass time for tourists.

Monastirlar

Serbia is home to a great number of Medieval orthodox monasteries, many with excellent fresco masterpieces inside. The 12th-century monastery of Studenika (yaqin Kraljevo) is one of the finest examples and recognized by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site. Its two churches are built in white marble and boast some stunning 13th and 14th century Byzantine paintings. Žiča, also near Kraljevo, was founded around 1207 and painted red as a symbol of the blood of the martyrs of the early Christian church. The frescos at Sopoćani (yaqin Novi Pazar) are considered some of the finest examples of their time, and the monastery is on the World Heritage list together with ruins of ancient Stari Ras, once the capital of the Serbian state of Raška but deserted in the 13th century. The fortified Manasija monastery near Despotovac is protected by massive walls and towers, and although much of its original frescos were damaged beyond repair during the Ottoman rule, it's still well worth a visit. In the beautiful Kučaj mountains, Ravanica yaqin Ćuprija was assaulted, damaged and rebuilt time and again during history. It is the burial place of Lazar of Serbia, who is a saint of the orthodox Serbian church and a hero in Serbian epic poetry. Other fine monasteries include the Mileševa monastery near Prijepolje, with its world famous "White Angel" fresco, and Krušedol yaqin Srem. The famous medieval monasteries were protected by UNESCO are: The Pec Patriarchate (monastery), Gracanica monastery, and the monastery of Visoki Decani.

If you stay only in Belgrade, be sure to visit Frescoes museum in the centre which will provide you with a glimpse of a Serbian fresco paintings as it holds copies of the most famous and beautiful frescoes from various monasteries.

Milliy bog'lar

Of the several national parks and natural areas in the country, Fruška Gora is undoubtedly one of the best. Dotted with ancient monasteries and wineries, it combines orchards and vineyards on its vast plains with tight forests on its plains. The Tara National Park covers some 20,000 hectares in the west of the country. There, the steep gorges of the Drina river and the high mountain peaks provide some stunning views that make a long hike well worth your effort. The mountainous landscape of Kopaonik, in the south, offers some great ski and snowboard opportunities, great views and a rich flora.

Largest national park in the country is Đerdap in the eastern part of the country, on the border with Romania. It consists of the Djerdap (Iron Gate) gorge thru which the river Danube runs and its beautiful surroundings of almost untouched nature. It is simply breathtaking and best experienced from a boat cruise. It can be also toured by bus or a car with many belvederes to stop and enjoy its views. EuroVelo 6 cycling route also runs through it.

Spas and resorts

Serbia is the land of spas. There are many thermal and mineral water springs and most of them are turned into healing and resting resorts.Vrnjačka Banja is the largest and most popular of them and is traditionally very attractive tourist resort for rest and recreation. It's the only mineral spa with a water temperature to match that of the human body, 36.5 °Celsius. Sokobanja is another famous spa and tourist place in Serbia known for its moderate continental climate and untouched nature - immense surfaces of woods, fresh air and a lot of thermo-mineral sources. Palić is a lovely city in the north. Its baroque parks, monuments of art nouveau architecture and a long tradition in catering made it a fashionable summer resort and spa for the 19th and 20th century elite.

Arxeologik joylar

Viminatsium near the village of Stari Kostolac is an important archaeological site and was Serbia's first excavation project in the 1880s. It was once the provincial capital of the Roman province of Moesia (today's Serbia) and dates back to the 1st century. At the site you'll find archaeological remains of temples, streets, squares, a large amphitheatre, palaces, hippodromes and Roman baths. Another major archaeological site (and doubling as a spa) is that of Gamzigrad. It hosts the remnants of an ancient Roman complex of palaces and temples called Felix Romuliana, and is considered one of the most prominent and best preserved late-Roman sites.

Lepenski Vir, situated in national park Đerdap, 160 km east of Belgrade, between towns of Golubac and Donji Milanovac, is the site of oldest neolithic settlement in Europe and is part of UNESCO world heritage. It is very well preserved and famous for its fish-like sculptures. From neolithic period there is also an archaeological site Vinča, less spectacular though, but a must - see. It is in Belgrade suburb of Vinča, 20 km from city centre.

Sremska Mitrovica is a town over the remainings of Sirmium, a provincial capital of the Rim imperiyasi, destroyed in attacks by Avars in 505 AD. The remainings are under the whole town, but there are exposed excavations on several places. Ten Roman emperors were born in or around Sirmium. It was the capital of the Panonnia province and the Praetorian prefecture of Illyricum.

Qil

Ada Ciganlija is also an excellent place to kick back and relax during summer. It is as locals call it the sea of Belgrade. A lot of sport fields and courts (soccer, basketball, golf, volleyball, etc.) Cafés serving ice cream and beer abound on the banks of this lake-beach park.

A favorite leisure activity in Belgrade is drinking coffee in numerous bars, bistros and cafés (especially in Strahinjića Bana street, which is known locally as Silicon Valley). It is very strange, but most of places are occupied all day long - i.e., within working hours. You should check: Downtown café, Buka bar, Movie bar, Iron café, Biblioteka café, Monza café-boat, Bibis café-boat, and many more; People who are not in the folk and MTV music, and don't like to drink overpriced coffee, should avoid this street. There are coffee bars on almost every corner in Belgrade, which offer more relaxed atmosphere and are designed with more taste that those in Strahinjića Bana street.

Smederevo is a town about 50 km from Belgrade. There are direct bus lines almost every half an hour and it takes about one hour to get there from Belgrade. It is considered as the unofficial rock 'n' roll capitol of Serbia because of its many rock musicians and bands who live there or were born there. See the largest lowland medieval fortress in Europe (especially at night when its lights give a special romantic and mystical atmosphere) or go to a rock concert at "Moto Club Street Fighter" which is on the bank of the Danube. At the end of September, the town hosts a traditional festival called "Smederevska Jesen" (Smederevo Autumn) which is a festival of vine and Serbian culture with many concerts and other happenings. During the festival, there is a carnival at the end of the town, but avoid it because it's loud and crowded and basically, there's nothing to see or do. Just stay in the town center. The Museum of Smederevo holds a lot of Roman and medieval items and collections, so for history lovers, it's a must-see.

Futbol: some 16 clubs play soccer in Superliga (Суперлига Србије), the country's top tier, with four of them based in Belgrade. The national team usually play at Red Star Stadium in Belgrade.

Festivals and nightlife

Foam Fest - Belgrade Foam Fest is a spectacular electronic music stage event. It began in 2009 and more than 60,000 people have visited it since then. LED screens arranged all over the Arena, with hundreds of light guns, lasers, robo heads and other light and sound equipment, numerous foamfalls and foam guns will classify this event again as a manifestation that sets new production standards in Serbia and the region Belgrade Foam Fest.

Exit festival – Biggest music festival in SE Europe, that is happening in the beginning of July, in Novi Sad, on Petrovaradin fortress [1].

Festival of traditional brass bands, "Trumpet Festival" in Guca village is held every year at the beginning of August.Festival of traditional brass bands, "Trumpet Festival" in Guca village 20 km from the town of Cacak. During the festival in this small town a few days to go over half a million visitors.The festival in Guca is perhaps the biggest festival of this type, including a lot of visitors from abroad.

Belgrade Beer Fest, which takes place at Ušće every August offers a taste of domestic and foreign beers and some good rock music [2].

Belgrad is very famous for its all-night-party clubs. If you are looking for a place to feel the local atmosphere and good vibes, visit bohemian street “Skadarlija”. Please have a look at the Belgrad article for further options.

Yangi Yil kechasi

Restaurants, clubs, cafés and hotels are usually full-booked and organize New Years celebrations with food and live music.

However, Serbian New Year's celebrations are most known for the outdoors festivities in Belgrade, and several other major cities such as Novi Sad, Niš and Jagodina. As of mid-December, cities are extensively decorated and lit. The decorations remain until way into January due to the persistent influence of the old Julian calendar. Throughout the region, especially amongst former Yugoslav republics, Belgrade is known as the place to be for major parties, concerts and happenings. It has become common for large groups of Slovenes to visit their former capital and celebrate the beginning of a new year. Especially since the mid-1990s, street celebrations grew into mass gatherings with hundreds of thousands of people, celebrating New Year on one of several locations throughout Belgrade.

Also, on January 14, Serbians celebrate the so-called Serbian New Year, which is New Year's Eve by the Eastern Church calendar. In the night between January 13 and 14, you can re-live New Year's Eve.

Sotib oling

Pul

Exchange rates for Serbian dinari 2020 yil yanvar holatiga ko'ra: US$1 ≈ RSD105 €1 ≈ RSD120 UK£1 ≈ RSD140 Valyuta kurslari o'zgarib turadi. Ushbu va boshqa valyutalarning amaldagi kurslari quyidagi manzildan olingan XE.com

The currency in Serbia is the dinar (denoted by РСД yoki динар, pl. dinari/динари). The USO currency code is RSD. Coins are minted in values of 1, 2, 5, 10, and 20 dinars, and banknotes are printed in values of 10, 20, 50, 100, 200, 500, 1,000, 2,000, and 5,000 dinars. The banknotes tend to be more common than the coins, so be prepared to carry around a large number of banknotes in varying conditions.

Serbian taxis, street vendors, and small restaurants will rarely have change for the larger denominations (especially 5000 notes). Travelers would be wise to spend these at department stores or large grocery stores to keep an adequate supply of small notes on hand .

Money can be exchanged at official exchange offices, locally called menjačnica, often carrying the emblem of the National Bank of Serbia outside the building. The rates here are usually better than those of the banks. It is much easier to convert euros or other major currencies. There are many ATMs, which accept foreign bank and credit cards without a glitch. Visa, Visa Electron, Mastercard and Maestro are widely accepted. However, American Express and Diners Club cards are rarely accepted. Likewise, traveller's cheques are not a well known form of payment in Serbia and cashing them in could present a challenge.

The dinar is not widely convertible outside Serbia; re-convert your remaining dinars to Euros or other major currencies before leaving the country.

Old Yugoslavian currency can be purchased from street sellers. A RSD 500,000,000,000 note makes an interesting souvenir. At Kalemegdan, near the fortress in Belgrade, you can pick up a set of 10 banknotes from the hyperinflation era for RSD 600.

The euro is occasionally accepted, but prices are often higher when directly compared to the dinar. Belgrade is typically on par with prices in many European cities; however, outside the capital, prices of almost any item are a lot lower than in the capital.

Money changers may refuse worn-out or damaged foreign banknotes, especially US dollars, therefore it is recommended to bring notes only in good condition. Banks usually accept slightly damaged notes, sometimes with a commission.

Gas stations close to borders sometimes accept foreign currencies.

Tips

Maslahatlar are never considered a strict obligation since service charges are always included in the bill, however rounding up or leaving a tip (10-15%) is common in restaurants (not in fast-food restaurants) if the customer is satisfied with the service. Tips are also accepted in bars and taxicabs (usually by rounding up the amount paid - e.g. if the taximeter displays RSD 592, give 600).

Xarid qilish

Imported western food is available in many supermarkets, especially in the "Idea" chain.

In nearly all Serbian pharmacies (apoteka), you can buy prescription drugs without prescription.

Prices tend to be on par with the rest of the Balkans. However, import taxes make clothes and shoes in Serbia very expensive.

Yemoq

Shuningdek qarang: Balkan cuisine

Serbian food is a typical Balkan mix of Central European, Mediterranean, and Middle Eastern dishes. Serbs are very proud of their food, which is heavy on grilled meats and sausages, local cheeses and bread. Serbia is predominantly a meat-loving nation. In all major cities, there are many international restaurants, such as Italian, Chinese, Mexican, Thai, Lebanese. In Belgrade you can even find sushi or kosher food.

There are international fast-food franchises such as McDonald's, KFC, and Pizza Hut. On the whole, prices are cheap compared to Western Europe with main dishes ranging from €5–20 per person.

Typical Serbian foods

Most Serbian restaurants offer roštilj, a large plate of various grilled meats, or any possible variety of grilled chicken wrapped in bacon and stuffed with cheese. It is possible to order fresh salads, plates of grilled vegetables, crepes, or omelettes if you are not carnivorous. Serbian cuisine is famous for its heavy use of varied vegetables, fresh or cooked.

Bakeries – called pekara – are ubiquitous in the city center, and you will find a wide assortment of breads, sweet and savoury pastries, sandwiches, and pizza. Some are open 24 hours per day. A snack or light meal of pastry and drinkable yoghurt (similar to kefir but milder) will give you an added healthy boost when walking about the city center.

Turkish delicacies such as baklava, tulumba, and other sweet treats are also commonly found.

Foods that vegetarians and meat eaters alike should try include kajmak (something between cream cheese and butter) and ajvar, a savory spread made out of roasted red peppers. It is also worth visiting a pijaca (green market) to buy some fresh fruit, vegetables and other grocery items.

Pljeskavica (pronounced approximately: PLYES-ka-vitsa) is the Serbian version of a hamburger which can be purchased from fast food restaurants.

The most famous dish in Serbia is ćevapčići (pronounced: chay-VAH-pee, chay-VAP-chitchee). Also called Ćevapi, they are a traditional food eaten throughout the Balkans. It consists of different types of minced meat (pork and beef) mixed together, shaped like small sausages, and then put on the grill. It is usually eaten with diced onion, and is very tasty. Depending on size, a portion of ćevapčići in a somun (pita bread), possibly with onion, ajvar or kajmak, is between €1.5 and €4.

Do not forget to taste the Karađorđeva Šnicla. It is meat that is filled with kajmak and bacon, and then pan-fried. It is another traditional Serbian dish that honors the leader of the first Serbian uprising against the Ottomans.

Try other traditional Serbian dishes, such as pečenje (roast pork or lamb), veal soup, and fish soup.

Burek (pronounced BOO-rek) is considered a national dish. It is made with a range of fillings including meat, cheese, spinach, apple or cherry. Due to the high fat content it is not for dieters. it is often eaten in the morning and can be sold out by the evening.

• Ćevapi (Ћевапи) -something like a Mixed grilled meat (one serving contains 5 or 10 pieces)
• Pečenje (печење) -roast pork or lamb-roast
• Kiflice (кифлице) (KEE-flitsay) small crescent-shaped bread rolls.
• Paprikaš (Паприкаш) (PAP-rik-ahsh) - stew with paprika often with chicken
• Gulaš (Гулаш) (GOO-lash)) - stew with paprika with beef
• Sarma (сарма) (SAR-ma) cabbage rolls, similar to dolmades, but made with sauerkraut instead of vine leaves
• Gibanica (Гибаница) (GHEE-ban-itsa) - phillo pastry made into a pie with spinach and cheese or just cheese (like spanakopita or tiropita in Greece)
• Lepinja (комплет лепиња или лепиња са све) - baked egg and cream inside of bread loaf.
• Punjene Paprike] (Пуњене паприке) - stuffed peppers (POON-yennay PAP-rik-ay)
• Pohovane Paprike (Поховане паприке (PO-ho-vah-nay PAP-rik-ay) - paprika rolled in soya oil and wheat flower and fried in sunflower oil, for vegetarians
• Pasulj (Пасуљ)(PAS-ooy) - beans. A national specialty. Often cooked for a long time with onion and paprika.
• Riblja čorba (рибља чорба) (RIB-yah CHOR-ba) Fish soup using freshwater fish.
• Roštilj (Роштиљ) (ROSH-teel) - barbecued meats.
• Prebranac (пребранац) (pre-BRAH-nats) - is for vegetarians. It's cooked and roasted beans with various spices and vegetables. Usually completely meat free.
• Teleća čorba (Телећа чорба) -veal soup
• Proja (Проја) (PRO-ya) - a type of corn bread with white cheese. A national specialty.
• Ajvar (Ајвар) - ordinary red pepper, freshly ground and roasted and then made into a chutney.
• Kajmak (Кајмак) -something between cream cheese and butter.

Vegetarian foods

Pure vegetarian restaurants are rare, but many places will provide you with non-meat food (just ask for 'posno'-general term for non - meat foods). Numerous fast-food stands (burgers, barbecue, pizza, hot dog, pancakes...) and bakeries (Asian and European pastry, pitas...) are usually very good and will satisfy your needs at a reasonable price. Pizza, sandwiches, and pancakes (crepes) are also commonly found. Salads are primarily tomato, cucumber, and onion, or cabbage. Local produce is fresh and organic.

Serbian-style coffee

Coffee culture in Belgrade is particularly developed; walking about the central areas of the city you will find sprawling terraces and cafés, serving all types of coffee and sweets, particularly Viennese type cakes and local specialties. Be sure to try Serbian Turkish-style coffee, and chestnut purée with whipped cream, a local specialty especially at Republic Square (available mostly during winter).

Ichish

• Rakiya/Ракија/ (excellent brandy that has many flavours, like plum /Шљивовица/ (pronounced like SHLYEE-va), quince /Дуњевча/(DOO-nyah), apricot/Кајсијевача/ (KAI-see-yah), Pear /Крушковача/, plum-juniper/Клековача/(mix between rakija and Gin)... - You should know that some prestigious brands of rakija can be extremely expensive like Žuta Osa (ZHOO-tah O-sah), which means Yellow Wasp, also Viljamovka (VEE-lyam-ovka) made of pear of the sort william, the most expensive and the most quality ones have a pear fruit in the bottle.
• Loza (grape brandy, grappa, a type of rakija)
• Voda = Water
• Slivovitza /Шљивовица/(plum brandy - the national brandy of Serbia, and the most common type of Rakija, very popular, variably strong alcoholic beverage)
• Serbian wine is delicious and comes from many wine regions :Srem (especially town of Sremski Karlovci, also Irig), Oplenac, Župa, Smederevo, Negotin, Metohija, ...

• Pivo(Пиво). Jelen (Deer) and Lav (Lion) are the two most popular varieties of Serb beer, although Nikšićko from neighbouring Montenegro also seems very popular.
• Spring mineral water (Вода)-There are plenty of excellent bottled spring mineral water, from natural resources and protected areas.
• Mineral water(Минерална Вода)- In Serbia there are plenty of well-known springs (spa) mineral water (slightly sour, with a natural carbon)

Xavfsiz bo'ling

Serbia is generally a safe place to visit. The locals are incredibly polite and helpful in case you require any assistance. (If you need any help finding/reaching a place, it's best to ask a younger person for help, as they are more likely to speak English.) However, you should always be aware of pickpockets, mainly in crowded tourist places and on public transportation. Street robberies, murders, or attacks are highly unusual, even in dark or remote parts of a city/town. One should always watch out for drivers, who can be very rude to pedestrians or cyclists. There is also widespread intolerance against homosexuals.

Emergency phone numbers are: 192 - police; 193 - fire dept. and 194 - ambulance.

Following the Yugoslav wars of the 1990s, reports of UXOs (unexploded ordnances) have occurred outside the major cities. Keep an eye out for markings which may note a potential UXO zone when outside the cities and always stick to well-trod paths. If you find a suspicious object resembling a bomb/mortar/landmine, qilmang touch it. Report it to the nearest police station immediately. Although most or UXOs have been cleared, it is also very unlikely that you will find any of those, even in the least visited parcels of Serbia.

Sog'lom bo'ling

Müslüm suvi is perfectly safe to drink, and mainly of a good quality, too. There are also many springs and fountains with excellent-quality drinking water - the most popular ones being the fountain on Knez Mihailova in Belgrade, and the many fountains in the city of Nis.One must pay attention when it comes to water in Vojvodina. Some regions (like Kikinda and Zrenjanin) have heavily polluted water that is not even used for cooking, only as technical water.

Hurmat

Serbs are a very friendly, polite and hospitable people, especially in the southern parts of the country.

When you are invited into a Serbian home, make sure to bring them a gift if you are coming for the first time. Anything is fine from flowers to chocolate or something representative from your country. When you arrive at a rural house, take off your shoes unless the owner explicitly tells you to keep them on. When inside the house, don't ask for anything, for they will surely offer it. If you are thirsty it is polite to ask for a glass of water. The host probably forgot to offer you a drink and will do so.

In a bus or a tram it is considered polite to offer an elderly person or a pregnant woman a place to sit.

Because many Serbs feel frustrated by the 1990s Yugoslavian Wars or the NATO bombing of Serbia, it is best to avoid discussion of them. If someone brings the topic up, try to avoid giving any strong opinions until you can assess your acquaintance's views. Do not voice support for Kosovo independence. The US's vocal support of Kosovar independence, in addition to the 1999 air strikes caused some ill will directed towards the West, particularly towards the US (though this is rarely extrapolated to individual Americans). However, if you share the views of most Serbs, some may be willing to discuss the subject and many will be happy speaking to a Westerner who shares their views.

On the other hand, talking about Socialist Yugoslavia and Tito will not raise as many eyebrows, as most will not hesitate to talk about it and some may even approach it with a strong degree of affection towards that stabler and more peaceful era. Serbia does not recognize the independence of Kosovo but maintains relations with Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia, Montenegro, and North Macedonia.

Similar to other ex-Yugoslavia countries, Serbs do not like their country to be described as part of "Eastern Europe". A common misconception is that Serbia was part of the Soviet Bloc (in fact, it was part of Yugoslavia, which split with the Eastern bloc in 1948). While in other nations of Eastern Europe Russia remains unpopular due to its influence over those nations during the Cold War, in Serbia Russians were always seen as friendly brotherly people. People have no problems talking about the communist period or Tito and often express nostalgia over it.

When toasting in Serbia, as in most European countries, make sure you make eye contact. You may be invited to drink gallons but are expected to be able to hold your drink. Being obviously drunk is a sign of bad taste, lack of character, and worse. Be careful: "rakija", a plum spirit (usually about 53% alcohol content), is stronger than you might expect, and will make you drunk fast! It is always nice to toast in your companion's native tongue. Salom bu živeli in Serbian.

Don't point with your finger at someone. This is considered rude.

Socially, displays of affection among the younger generation are as in Western Europe, but the older generation (over 65) is quite conservative.

The word molim (please) is key to polite conversation in Serbian. It basically means please, Biroq shu bilan birga you're welcome, an appropriate response when somebody thanks you (and says hvala). It also means I beg your pardon?. Just saying Šta? (What?) can sound rude. It may be said that the use of the word molim is similar to the use of bitte in German.

Like most European languages, Serbian has formal and informal ways of saying siz (Vi va ti). Use the formal Vi version when addressing older people. People are normally not addressed or referred to by their first names, unless among friends or relatives.

Ulanmoq

There are three GSM/UMTS mobile phone networks in Serbia: MTS, Telenor and Vip. Prepaid SIM cards usually cost RSD 200-300 and there is no need for identification when buying them at a store in person. Most small stores and kiosks that sell newspapers and cigarettes in Belgrade offer the SIM cards. A good option (as of April 2018) is the VIP 7-day card for 300RSD including 8GB of LTE Internet (but no call or SMS credit).

But you need to have a valid Serbian ID for online order of prepaid SIM card from Telenor (the only operator known which takes online orders).

In some stores you can buy a simple mobile phone packaged with prepaid SIM card for RSD 2000–3000.

Most hotels have internet connections, and plenty of restaurants have Wi-Fi hotspots.