Byudjetga uchish - Flying on a budget

1970-yillardan boshlab dunyoning ko'p joylarida havo qatnovi qoidalarini liberallashtirish, raqobatning kuchayishi, aviakompaniya faoliyati samaradorligini oshirish va hukumat tomonidan beriladigan subsidiyalar (ochiq va yashirin) tufayli tobora arzonlashmoqda. Biroq, bu sizning sayohat byudjetingizning katta qismi bo'lishi mumkin. Ushbu maqolada ba'zi tavsiyalar berilgan havo qatnovining narxini qanday kamaytirish mumkin. Boshqa transport turlari, ayniqsa parvoz (yoki uning oyog'i) qisqa bo'lsa, mantiqiymi yoki yo'qligini o'ylab ko'rish maqsadga muvofiqdir.

Tushuning

Sizning qo'l yukingiz Evropaning bir nechta yirik arzon aviakompaniyalari saloniga qabul qilish uchun etarlicha kichikligini tekshirish uchun qutilar

1950-1960 yillarda uchish, hozirgi kunda "havo sayohatining oltin davri" deb nomlangan bu boylarning imtiyozi yoki yuqori-o'rta sinf uchun kamdan-kam uchraydigan muomala edi. Ko'pincha chiptalar qisqa marshrutlarda bir oydan oshiqroq va transke okeanik yo'nalishlarda bir yildan ko'proq ish haqi oladi. O'shandan beri tartibga solish va subsidiyalar narxlarni pasaytirdi va asosiy iqtisodiyotda qulaylikni keltirib chiqardi. AQSh Prezidenti Jimmi Karterning 1970-yillarda AQSh aviakompaniyalarini tartibga solishi va Evropa Ittifoqining 1990 va 2000-yillardagi "ochiq osmon" siyosati Evropa Ittifoqining istalgan aviakompaniyasiga Evropa Ittifoqining istalgan yo'nalishida parvoz qilishiga imkon beradigan muhim voqealar qatoriga kiradi.

Yangi samolyotlar ham tobora yoqilg'ini tejashga aylanib bormoqda, bu ilgari "o'rta masofadagi samolyotlar" ning yangi avlodiga transatlantik yo'nalishlarda uchish imkoniyatini beradi. ETOPS (kengaytirilgan ikki dvigatelli operatsiyalar), shuningdek, ilgari uch yoki to'rtta dvigatelni talab qiladigan kamroq yoqilg'iga chalingan ikki dvigatelli samolyotlar bilan parvozlarni amalga oshirishga imkon yaratdi. Bundan tashqari, yoqilg'i tejaydigan samolyotlar tobora ko'payib bormoqda, ayniqsa, yaqin tanadagi A321 XLR singari tor sohada tor tanali samolyotlar katta masofalarga va nisbatan past talabga ega bo'lgan "uzoq va tor" yo'nalishlarda parvoz qilish imkoniyatini beradi, ilgari yaqin atrofdagi har qanday narsaga to'g'ridan-to'g'ri parvoz qilish imkonsiz edi. arzon narxlar. Va nihoyat, yangi aviakompaniyalar xarajatlarni kamaytirishni biznes modeli sifatida qabul qildilar va yig'uvchilar parvozni tanlashda narx ko'pincha eng muhim omil ekanligini anglatadi.

Aviatsiya sohasida chiptalar narxi quyidagicha emas mantiqiy. Aviakompaniyalar o'zlari uchun arzonroq va aksincha parvoz uchun ko'pincha ko'proq haq olishadi. Ba'zida samolyotda to'xtab turish joyi bilan parvoz o'sha yo'nalishga to'g'ridan-to'g'ri parvozga qaraganda arzonroq bo'ladi, chunki aviakompaniya to'g'ridan-to'g'ri yo'nalishda kamroq raqobatga duch keladi. Ba'zan A orqali B orqali B reysi A ga B reysidan arzonroq bo'ladi, ammo aviakompaniyalar ba'zida hatto sudga berish bunday reysni bron qilgan va keyin oyog'ini B dan S gacha o'tkazib yuboradigan sayohatchilar (pastga qarang). "Qal'aning uyalariga" (faqat bitta dominant tashuvchi yoki ittifoq tomonidan xizmat ko'rsatiladigan yoki asosan) parvozlar qimmat bo'lishi mumkin. Ushbu narxlar urushlari va tartibga solinmaslik natijasida aviakompaniya sanoati konsolidatsiya to'lqinlaridan o'tdi, tobora kattaroq konglomeratlar bir paytlar mag'rur bayroq tashuvchilarni sotib olishdi, ba'zilari, masalan Sabena va asl Swissair hatto bankrot bo'lishdi.

Oldindan rejalashtiring

Shuningdek qarang: Parvozingizni rejalashtirish

Rejalashtirishni oldindan boshlash sizni tadqiq qilish uchun etarli vaqt beradi va sizga ko'proq imkoniyatlar beradi.

Parvozlarni oldindan bron qilish yaxshi fikr bo'lsa-da, bu sizga eng arzon tariflarni kafolatlamaydi. Agar birinchi marta ko'rganingizda arzon narxlar topilmasa va sayohatingizga hali ko'p vaqt qolsa, kutish uchun to'lash mumkin. Odatda, eng past tariflar sayohatdan oldin etti haftadan uch oygacha bo'lgan narxlarda belgilanadi. Bu masofa va mintaqaviy omillarga qarab farq qiladi - masalan, amerikalik yo'lovchilar, masalan, evropaliklarga qaraganda, jo'nab ketishga yaqinroq bron qilishadi. Ba'zida aviakompaniyalar sotilmagan o'rindiqlar narxini pasaytiradi, shuning uchun qisqa vaqt ichida sayohat qilishga tayyor bo'lsangiz, siz juda ko'p narsalarni topishingiz mumkin.

Siz kerak oldinda kitob ikkalasi ham boradigan joyingiz va sayohat sanasi aniqlanadi, masalan, to'yga taklif qilinsa yoki sarflamoqchi bo'lsangiz Rojdestvo chet elda oilasi bilan. Moslashuvchan sayohatchilar (nafaqaxo'rlar yoki bo'sh yillik sayohatchilar aqlga keling) so'nggi daqiqadagi takliflardan foydalanishi mumkin. Agar siz biron bir joyga iliq borishni xohlasangiz, lekin aniq qaerda ekanligingizga ahamiyat bermasangiz yoki borishni xohlasangiz Rossiya ammo qachon bo'lishidan qat'iy nazar, so'nggi daqiqadagi takliflar ham yaxshi fikr bo'lishi mumkin, chunki bu imkoniyat nimadur Agar sana va joyda cheklanmagan bo'lsangiz, rejalaringiz kattaroq bo'ladi. Umuman olganda, so'nggi daqiqalardagi narxlar "g'azablangan" dan "oxirgi o'rindiqlarni to'ldirishni istaydilar va buni yerfıstığı uchun qilishadi" gacha o'zgarib turadi, bunda erta bron qilish sizni juda yaxshi narxga aylantiradi, aksincha o'ta arzon narxlar. .

Imkoniyatlaringizni tekshiring

Aviakompaniyalar

Shuningdek qarang: Parvozingizni rejalashtirish # Airlines

Yirik aeroportlar orasidagi yo'nalishlarda ikkita asosiy aviakompaniya turi mavjud. A meros tashuvchi, shuningdek, a yirik aviakompaniya, to'liq xizmat ko'rsatuvchi operator (yoki bayroq tashuvchisi agar u milliy hukumat tomonidan tashkil etilgan yoki unga bog'langan bo'lsa), odatda, iqtisodiy, qulaylik va xizmat ko'rsatish odatda o'rtacha darajadan yuqori bo'lgan eski aviakompaniya hisoblanadi.

A byudjet aviakompaniyasi, shuningdek, a deb nomlangan noaniq aviakompaniya yoki arzon narxlardagi operator (LCC), odatda arzonroq chiptalarga ega, ammo kamroq xizmat. Odatda ular aeroportdagi yuklarni ro'yxatdan o'tkazish, standart o'lchamdagi qo'l yuklari va ovqatlanish kabi narsalar uchun qo'shimcha haq olishadi. LKKlar tomonidan taklif qilinadigan "bortda sotib olish" ovqatlari, qo'shimcha narxlar sendvich uchun achinarli bahonadan yaxshiroqdir. mumkin eski tashuvchiga o'ting (va ba'zida hatto bunday emas). Ammo aviakompaniyalar o'rtasidagi farqlar xiralashgan va byudjet aviakompaniyasida sayohat narxi eski aviatashuvchidan kam bo'lmasligi mumkin.

Hozirgi kunda ko'plab eski aviatashuvchilar byudjet aviakompaniyalari ekonom-klassdagi xizmatlarni, xususan, Qo'shma Shtatlarda va ozgina darajada Evropada, xususan, qisqa masofali va hatto uzoq muddatli ichki yo'nalishlarda xizmat ko'rsatmoqdalar. "To'liq xizmat" faqat birinchi sinfda, biznes-klassda yoki premium ekonomda uchayotganingizda amal qiladi. Ba'zida eski tashuvchilarning o'zlarining sho'ba korxonalari mavjud. Eurowings (Lufthansa-ga tegishli), Transavia (Air France / KLM-ga tegishli) va Vueling (British Airways / Iberia-ga tegishli) va Rouge (Air Canada-ga tegishli).

Dam olish maskanlari kabi mashhur yo'nalishlarga ham xizmat ko'rsatiladi charter aviakompaniyalari orqali buyurtma qilingan sayohat agentliklari.

Hozirgi kunda ko'plab aviakompaniyalar va reyslar mavjud bo'lib, maqsadingizga uchishning deyarli har doim ham bir necha yo'li bor. Sizning tanlovingiz nima ekanligini bilish uchun parvozlarni qidirish veb-saytlaridan foydalaning. Eng to'g'ridan-to'g'ri parvoz eng arzon, yoki arzon narxlar bilan tanilgan aviakompaniya eng arzon deb o'ylamang.

Londonga beshta yirik aeroport xizmat qiladi - va yaqin atrofda bundan ham ko'proq aeroport mavjud.

Aeroportlar

Eng aniq aeroportlardan tashqari, kelib chiqadigan yoki boradigan joyga yaqin aeroportlarni ham ko'rib chiqing - ular arzonroq bo'lishi mumkin. Havo temir yo'llari ittifoqlari uzoqroq aeroportga borish / qaytish yo'llarini ham taqdim etishi mumkin. Wikivoyage-ning yo'riqnomalari odatda aeroportdan turli yo'nalishlarga qanday etib borish haqida ma'lumot beradi. Ikkilamchi aeroportlar ba'zan shahardan ancha uzoqroqda, shuning uchun har qanday qo'shimcha transport xarajatlari va vaqtini hisobga oling. Axir asosiy aeroportga uchish arzonroq bo'lishi mumkin. Biroq, ba'zida ikkilamchi aeroportlar shahar markaziga yaqinroq bo'lib, arzonroq parvozlarni taklif qiladi.

Ichki reyslar - ayniqsa kam daromadli mamlakatlarda - ko'pincha bir xil masofani bosib o'tgan xalqaro reyslarga qaraganda arzonroq. Qarang # Mumkin bo'lgan taqdirda ichki reyslarni amalga oshiring quyida.

Valyuta tebranishlari narxlashga ta'sir qiladi; soliqlar va aeroport to'lovlari ham juda farq qiladi.

Sayohat sanalari

Aviakompaniyalar maktab ta'tilida sayohat uchun ko'proq haq oladilar. Zaltsburg aeroportiga Ryanair bilan Londondan Stansteddan uchadigan reyslar fevral oyidagi ta'til paytida ikki-uch baravar ko'tariladi, British Airways aviakompaniyasining London Xitroudan Myunxenga parvozlari Ryanair talab qilayotgan narxning yarmiga to'g'ri keladi. Albatta, vaqtingiz bo'lsa, Deutsche Bahn poezd chiptasi Londondan Germaniyadagi punktlarga har qanday reysdan arzonroq bo'lishi mumkin, ayniqsa, siz yukni qo'shsangiz yoki oxirgi manzilingiz yirik aeroportga yaqin bo'lmasa.

Juma va yakshanba kunlari kechqurun reyslar qimmatroq bo'ladi. Yakshanba kuni erta tongda va tunda parvozlar arzonroq bo'lishi mumkin.

"Oqimga qarshi" uchish ko'pincha tejashga olib kelishi mumkin. Masalan, Rojdestvo ta'tillari paytida ko'plab amerikaliklar va kanadaliklarning bolali oilalari Florida shtatidagi Disneylendga (yoki Karib dengizi yo'nalishlariga) uchib ketishadi. Aviakompaniyalar ushbu yo'nalishlarga reyslarni qo'shib, katta hajmdagi samolyotlarni tayinlashadi Dam olish kunlari boshida janub tomon yo'nalgan parvozlar yo'lovchilarga to'la. Ushbu samolyotlarni deyarli bo'sh holda uchib ketishdan ko'ra, aviakompaniyalar ko'pincha joylarni to'ldirish uchun katta chegirmalar taklif qilishadi. Ta'til oxirida vaziyat teskari tomonga o'zgaradi: aviakompaniyalar haddan tashqari ko'p quvvat tufayli janubiy yo'nalishdagi o'rindiqlarni chegirmaga olishadi. Xuddi shunday, Saudiya Arabistonidagi ekspatatlar ham arzon ta'tilga bron qilishni yoqtirishadi Haj, charter samolyotlarida kelgan barcha haj sayohatchilarining "oqimiga qarshi".

Bagajni kamaytiring

Shuningdek qarang: Parvoz yuklari

Siz faqat yuk yuklari bilan uchishingiz mumkin. Ba'zi arzon chiptalar qo'shimcha yuklarni qoplamaydi. Har doim qo'l yukining hajmi va vazni bo'yicha cheklovlarni tekshiring, chunki ular aviakompaniyalarda turlicha. Ayniqsa, arzon narxlarni taklif qilayotganlar sizning yuk ko'taruvchingiz sizning chegarangizga mos kelishini (amalda og'irligi uchun emas, balki hajmi uchun) sinchkovlik bilan tekshirib ko'radilar va qo'shimcha yuk uchun, ayniqsa, parvozdan oldin pul to'lashda, agar sizda boshqa odam bo'lmaganida imkoniyatlari. Boshqa tomondan, ko'plab aviakompaniyalar bortida qo'shimcha shaxsiy narsalarga ruxsat berishadi, bu sumkadan tortib noutbuk sumkasiga qadar bo'lishi mumkin - aviakompaniya bilan nima ruxsat berilganligini tekshirib ko'ring, chunki bu sizga qo'shimcha narsalarni etkazib berishga yordam beradi. .

Agar sizning barcha narsalaringiz sizning qo'l yukingizga to'g'ri kelmasa, siz aviakompaniyada samolyotning qolgan sumkalarini tashishingiz kerak. Ushbu bagaj aviakompaniya hisoblagichida "ro'yxatdan o'tkazilishi" va u erdan ekipaj tomonidan samolyotga etkazilishi kerak. Eng arzon tariflarni bron qilayotganda, siz ko'pincha belgilangan yuk uchun qo'shimcha haq to'lashingiz kerak. Belgilangan yuk uchun to'lash kerak bo'lganda siz hali ham tejashingiz mumkin - agar siz juft bo'lib yoki guruhda sayohat qilsangiz, sayohatchilar sonidan kamroq sumkalardan foydalanishingiz mumkinmi yoki yo'qligini tekshirib ko'ring. Belgilangan yukning hajmi va vazni uchun imtiyozlar odatda juda saxiydir, lekin ularni sinchkovlik bilan tekshirib ko'ring va vazn cheklovlari bitta sumkaga yoki barcha yuklaringizning umumiy og'irligiga taalluqlidir. Belgilangan yuk har doim tortiladi. Agar cheklovdan og'irroq yoki kattaroq bo'lsa, siz odatda juda ko'p qo'shimcha pul to'lashingiz kerak bo'ladi. Ba'zi aviakompaniyalar, agar siz chiptani asl sotib olganingizdan so'ng qo'shimcha yukni bron qilsangiz, juda yuqori narxlarni talab qiladi. Agar keyinroq qo'shilsa, bu qimmatroq bo'lishi mumkin, va agar siz uni ro'yxatdan o'tkazishda sotib olishingiz kerak bo'lsa. Sotib olgan narsangiz etarli ekanligiga ishonch hosil qiling, lekin ortiqcha ortiqcha yuklardan adashmang - siz mumkin agar biznikiga amal qilsangiz, olib yuradigan miqdoringizni kamaytiring o'rama bo'yicha hisob-kitob hujjati; Yuk-mol hujjati maslahat.

Bryussel aeroportidan 15 daqiqadan kam masofada joylashgan Bryussel poezdda, shuning uchun siz shaharda uzoq vaqt to'xtaganingizda tashrif buyurishingiz mumkin

Bilvosita parvozlar

Ish tugashi

Eng arzon yo'nalish eng to'g'ri yo'l bo'lmasligi mumkin. Qatnovni talab qiladigan parvozlar unchalik qulay emas va ko'p vaqt talab qiladi, shuning uchun ba'zan ular to'g'ridan-to'g'ri parvozlarga qaraganda arzonroq. Bu, ayniqsa, jo'nash sanasiga yaqin sotib olingan chiptalarga tegishli.

Layoverlar - bu aeroportlarda 23 soatgacha bo'lgan oraliq to'xtash joylari bo'lgan parvozlar. Qo'shimcha uzoq vaqt yotqizish joylari bilan tanishish uchun foydalanish mumkin. Ko'pgina hollarda immigratsiya ishdan bo'shash paytida aeroportdan chiqib ketishingizga va yaqin atrofdagi shaharni o'rganishingizga to'sqinlik qiladi. Bog'lanish reysi uchun aeroportga qaytish uchun etarli vaqtni hisobga oling, bu kamida sakkiz soat bo'lishi mumkin. Aeroportdan shaharga va orqaga qaytish uchun zarur bo'lgan vaqtni va boradigan joyimiz yoki aeroport yo'riqnomasida xavfsizlikni tozalash uchun zarur bo'lgan minimal vaqtni tekshiring. Aeroportlar yoqadi Seul-Incheon va Singapur bir necha soat vaqt ajratishi kerak bo'lgan tranzit yo'lovchilar uchun bepul ekskursiyalarni taklif eting.

Ko'rgazmaga tashrif buyurish uchun bo'sh joydan foydalanish uchun siz erta tongda va kechqurun jo'nab ketishni tanlashingiz kerak bo'lishi mumkin. Kechasi uyni tark etish sayr qilish imkoniyatini bermaydi, chunki aksariyat diqqatga sazovor joylar allaqachon yopilgan yoki yaqinda siz aeroportdan chiqib ketishingiz bilan yopiladi. Ba'zi bir aviakompaniyalar avtomatik ravishda ulanish paytida sizdan keyingi mavjud parvozni amalga oshirishingizni talab qiladi, ammo uchinchi tomon veb-saytlari va sayyohlik agentliklari ushbu cheklovlardan o'tishlari mumkin.

Ba'zi aeroportlarda trafik avtoulovi bor, bu uning kelib chiqishi va belgilangan yo'nalishdagi trafikdan ancha ustundir. Aslida "ikkinchi darajali" ko'rinadigan shaharlar ham o'zlarining aeroportlarida ulkan trafikka ega bo'lishlari mumkin. Atlanta Amerikaning eng yirik shahri emas, ammo Delta shahri sifatida har yili yuz milliondan ziyod yo'lovchiga xizmat ko'rsatadigan yagona aeroportdir. Ba'zi davlatlar, masalan, Dubay yoki Islandiya - yirik hub bo'lishni maqsad qilishadi, shuning uchun ba'zida ushbu markazlardan biri orqali ulanish sizga to'g'ridan-to'g'ri parvoz yoki boshqa hub orqali ulanish bilan solishtirganda ko'p pul tejaydi.

Umumiy aeroportlarga quyidagilar kiradi:

To'xtash

To'xtash - bu bitta reysning kelishi bilan keyingi reysning jo'nab ketishi o'rtasida 24 soatdan ortiq davom etadigan har qanday to'xtash joylari. Bir necha kun davom etadigan to'xtash, mamlakatni oddiy ish tashlashga imkon beradigan vaqtdan ko'proq vaqt davomida o'rganish uchun usul bo'lishi mumkin. Ba'zi aviakompaniyalar turizmni rivojlantirish uchun bepul to'xtash joylarini taklif qilishadi. Masalan, Icelandair o'zining noyob geografik holatini savdo nuqtasiga aylantirib, Keflavikda bir necha kunlik ta'tilni bir xil kunlik parvoz bilan taqqoslaganda qo'shimcha xarajatlarsiz taklif qildi. Uchish orqali Keflavik agar ular qisqa masofali samolyotlardan foydalansalar, arzonroq bo'lishi mumkin, aks holda transatlantik yo'nalishlarda kamdan-kam uchraydi. Ko'plab aviakompaniyalar to'xtash joyini qo'shganligi uchun ozgina haq oladi (~ 50 AQSh dollari). Qidiruv tizimlarda "ko'p shahar" opsiyasi yordamida to'xtash joylarini bron qilish mumkin.

United Airlines aviakompaniyasi, Qo'shma Shtatlarda joylashgan bo'lib, ularning keng tanasi bo'ylab 777-sonli parvozlarni amalga oshiradi Singapur va Gonkong beshinchi erkinlik huquqlaridan foydalanib, Amerikaga uchib ketishdan oldin

Beshinchi erkinlik parvozlari

"Beshinchi erkinlik" reysi - bu o'z mamlakatini birlashtiruvchi xizmatning bir qismi sifatida ikki xorijiy davlat o'rtasidagi daromad trafigini tashiydigan aviakompaniya. Masalan, Chilining LATAM kompaniyasi Santyagodan Sidneyga (Avstraliya) parvozni Oklendda (Yangi Zelandiya) amalga oshiradi va Sidney va Oklend o'rtasida yo'lovchilar tashishga ruxsat etiladi. U beshinchi erkinlik huquqi sifatida Sidney va Oklend o'rtasida yo'lovchilarni tashiydi (ular Santyagoda davom etmaydi). Beshinchi erkinlik sohasidagi o'rindiqlarni to'ldirishni ko'pincha aviakompaniyalar juda istaganliklari sababli va odatda ikki xorijiy davlatlarning aviakompaniyalari kabi marshrutni reklama qilishlariga yo'l qo'yilmaydi, bu reyslar ko'pincha arzonroq. Beshinchi erkinlik parvozlari har yili aviakompaniyalar birlashishi bilan biroz kamyob bo'lib bormoqda, yangi samolyotlar kengroq masofaga ega (oraliq to'xtashga ehtiyoj yo'q) va ba'zi mamlakatlar yoki bloklar o'zlarining aviakompaniyalarini himoya qilish uchun protektsionistik choralarni ko'rmoqdalar. Biroq, ular mavjud bo'lgan joylarda ko'pincha yaxshi kelishuvga ega.

Ba'zi beshinchi erkinlik yo'nalishlariga quyidagilar kiradi:

  • Air China Madrid va San-Paulu o'rtasida; va Monreal va Gavana.
  • Air France Los-Anjeles va Taiti o'rtasida; Mayami va Port-o-Prens, Fort-de-Frans va Puan-a-Pitr; Buenos-Ayres va Montevideo.
  • Air Europa Asuncion va Puerto Iguazu o'rtasida.
  • Namibiya havo o'rtasida Gaborone va Durban.
  • Air New Zealand dan Los Anjeles ga va Rarotonga.
  • British Airways o'rtasida Singapur va Sidney; Nyu-Yorkdan Torontoga; Yoxannesburg (markaz sifatida) Xarare, Livingstone, Maputo, Mavrikiy, Viktoriya sharsharasi, Vindxukgacha; Kolombo va erkak; Doha va Bahrayn; Abu-Dabi va Maskat; Antigua va Sent-Kitts, Trinidad-Tobago, San-Xuan, Punta-Kana; Nassau va Buyuk Kayman; Nassau va Providensiya; Sent-Lusiya va Ispaniya porti.
  • Ketay Tinch okeani o'rtasida Vankuver va Nyu-York shahri; Bangkok va Singapur; Taypey va Tokio, Seul, Fukuoka va Osaka.
  • DeltaSeulIncheon ga Manila.
  • Amirliklar o'rtasida Bali va Oklend, Bangkok va Sidney, Bangkok va Gonkong, Singapur va Brisben, Singapur va Melburn; Rio-de-Janeyro va Buenos-Ayres (EZE); Obidjan va Akkra; Nyu-York JFK va Milan; Nyuark va Afina; Barselona va Mexiko, hamda Avstraliya va Janubi-Sharqiy Osiyo o'rtasida ko'plab boshqa yo'nalishlar mavjud.
  • Ethiopian Airlines Gonkongdan Seulga va Tokioga; Bangkok va Kuala-Lumpur; Nyu-Dehli va Xanchjou; Xarare va Lusaka; Stokgolm va Oslo; Lome (markaz sifatida) Dakar, Kinshasa, Xyuston va Nyuarkga; Malabo va Duala; San-Paulu va Buenos-Ayres; Kigali va Entebbe; Obidjan Nyu-Yorkka (JFK) va Kotonuga; Bamako va Dakar; Moskva (Domodedovo) va Afina.
  • Latam Sidney va Oklend o'rtasida; Frankfurt va Madrid; Mayami va Karakas.
  • Korean Air Vena va Tsyurix; Honolulu va Tokio; Kolombo va erkak.
  • KLMKuala Lumpur va Jakarta; Doha va Bahrayn; Denpasar va Singapur; Quvayt va Dammam.
  • Middle East Airlines o'rtasida Obidjon va Lagos; Jidda va Qohira.
  • Pokiston xalqaro aviakompaniyalari Nyu-York va Leypsig / Halle o'rtasida ishlaydi; Pekin va Tokio.
  • Qantas o'rtasida Singapur va London.
  • Royal Air Maroc o'rtasida Luanda va Librevil.
  • Ruanda o'rtasida Guanchjou va Mumbay; Mombasa va Dubay.
  • Singapur havo yo'llari San-Frantsisko va Gonkong o'rtasida; Los-Anjeles va Tokio, Seul; Nyu-York va Frankfurt; Manchester va Xyuston; Moskva va Stokgolm; Melburn va Vellington.
  • Turkish Airlines Bishkek va Ulan Batar; Bahrayn va Maskat; Jibuti va Mogadishu; Xoshimin va Bangkok; San-Paulu va Buenos-Ayres.
  • Birlashgan Koror va Manila o'rtasida; Koror va Yap; Kvajalein va Kosrae.

Boshqa ko'plab aviakompaniyalar erkinlikning beshinchi yo'nalishlarida uchishadi. The amalda ko'plab aviakompaniyalar bilan beshinchi erkinlik parvozlari uchun markazlar Sharqiy Osiyoda Gonkong va Tokio-Narita, SE Osiyoda Singapur va Bangkok; Yaqin Sharqdagi Dubay, Abu-Dabi va Bahrayn; va butun Evropa bo'ylab (ma'lum darajada Marokash va Isroilni ham) turli xil shahar kombinatsiyalarida.

Iloji bo'lsa, ichki reyslarga boring

Umuman olganda, xalqaro reyslar bir xil masofadagi ichki reyslarga qaraganda qimmatroq bo'ladi. Agar siz xalqaro chegara yaqinidagi shahardan uchayotgan bo'lsangiz, chegarani kesib o'tishni va ushbu mamlakatda ichki reysni amalga oshirishni o'ylab ko'rishingiz kerak bo'ladi, agar o'sha qo'shni mamlakatdagi shahar sizning manzilingiz bo'lsa. Masalan, agar siz kirsangiz Gonkong va uchishni xohlayman Shanxay, chegarani kesib o'tishni o'ylab ko'ring Shenchjen va u erdan parvozni qo'lga kiritish yoki Xitoyning zo'rlaridan foydalanish tezyurar temir yo'l tizim. Xuddi shunday, agar siz kirsangiz San-Diego va uchishni xohlayman Mexiko, chegarani kesib o'tishni o'ylash kerak bo'lishi mumkin Tixuana va u erdan uchib ketishdi. Hatto kelib chiqishi va boradigan shaharlari xalqaro chegaradan uzoqroq bo'lsa ham, kelib chiqishi shahardan birinchi mamlakat chegarasiga eng yaqin shaharga uchish arzonroq bo'lishi mumkin; chegara orqali keyingi mamlakatga quruqlik transporti orqali o'tish; va boshqa tomondan parvozni davom ettirish uchun yana bir ichki reysni qabul qiling. Masalan, agar siz sayohat qilsangiz Lima ga Santyago-de-Chili siz Limadan uchib ketasiz Tacna Peruda avtobusda yoki poezdda Chili chegarasi orqali o'ting va uchib o'ting Arika Santyagoga. Braziliyadan Kolumbiyaga birinchi bo'lib Tabatingaga uchishingiz mumkin, u erda siz Letitsiyaga chegarani kesib o'tasiz. U erda siz qo'shimcha ta'til qilishingiz mumkin. Letisiyadan Bogotaga reyslar mavjud.

Shunga o'xshab, agar sizning manzilingiz siz yashayotgan mamlakatning qo'shni davlati bilan chegarada bo'lsa, siz ichki reysni chegaraga etkazish va chegara ustidan quruqlik transporti orqali o'tishni o'ylab ko'rishingiz mumkin. Masalan, agar siz kirsangiz Penang va borishni xohlayman Singapur, uchish haqida o'ylashingiz kerak Johor Bahru va chegara bo'ylab avtobusni ushlab qolish. Xuddi shunday, agar siz kirsangiz Bangkok va borishni xohlayman Vientiane, sizga uchish haqida o'ylashingiz mumkin Udon Tani va avtobusda Vientiane chegarasidan o'tib. Yana bir misol, agar siz kirsangiz Syudad Xuares va uchishni xohlayman Dallas yoki Xyuston faqat chegara bo'ylab pop El-Paso. Braziliyadan Urugvay va Argentinaga Porto Alegrega uchib borish va u erdan shaharlararo avtobusga borish arzonroq bo'lishi mumkin.

Biroq, ichki reyslar har doim ham arzon emas. Evropada, bilan yuqori tezlikda harakatlanadigan temir yo'l aviakompaniyalarga qattiq raqobatni shakllantirish, aksincha aksincha.

Havo temir yo'llari ittifoqlari

Asosiy maqola: Havo temir yo'llari ittifoqlari

Nemis sayohatchilariga mo'ljallangan paketli bitimlar ko'pincha baribir temir yo'l va chivin bilan sotiladi, ammo havo temir yo'llari alyanslari hali ham ko'pchilik sayohatchilar (va hatto ba'zi qidiruv tizimlari) bilmagan ko'rinadigan aviachiptalarni tejash vositasi bo'lib qolmoqda. Agar siz parvoz, masalan, besh soatlik radiusda mantiqiy bo'lgan aeroportlar doirasini kengaytira olsangiz yuqori tezlikda harakatlanadigan temir yo'l yurish, ba'zi aeroportlarda oligopoliya bilan bog'liq bo'lmaysiz, hatto tezroq etib borishingiz mumkin, chunki poezdlar parvozlarga qaraganda tez-tez bo'lib turadi, ya'ni sizning ulanish vaqtingiz qisqaroq bo'lishi mumkin. Bundan tashqari, siz juda ko'p millar ishlab topishingiz mumkin. Esa odatda chiptalarni alohida sotib olishdan ko'ra arzonroq, ba'zida butun kelishuvni paketsiz olish mantiqan to'g'ri keladi.

Rezervasyon usullari

Ba'zida sayyohlik agentliklari sizga arzonroq narx olishlari mumkin

Internet orqali bron qiling

Shuningdek qarang: Aggregatorlar

Vositachilar (masalan, sayyohlik agentliklari) va ko'plab aviakompaniyalar telefon orqali yoki ish stolida shaxsan buyurtma qilganliklari uchun qo'shimcha to'lovlarni oladilar. Onlayn bron qilish odatda eng arzon yoki hech bo'lmaganda qimmat emas. Ammo ba'zida vositachidan foydalanish yoki jonli odam bilan suhbatlashish ba'zi qiziqarli variantlarni ochishi mumkin.

Konsolidator veb-saytlari

Savdo bo'yicha konsolidatorlar deb nomlangan vositachilarning maxsus guruhi aviakompaniyalar bilan ulgurji shartnomalarga ega. Shartnomalar ularga aviachiptalarni ba'zan aviakompaniyaning o'zi aytganidan pastroq bo'lgan narxlarda sotishga imkon beradi. Bu, ayniqsa, parvozlarni ulashda to'g'ri bo'lishi mumkin.

Sayohat agentliklari

Sayohat agentliklari o'xshash huquqlarga ega va ko'pincha ko'proq tariflardan foydalanish huquqiga ega yoki aviakompaniyaning iste'molchilar veb-sayti ruxsat berganidan ko'ra murakkab aviachiptalar va tariflar kombinatsiyalarini tuzishga qodir. Agar sizning marshrutingiz murakkab va g'ayrioddiy bo'lsa, bilimdon sayohat agentligi sizning jami to'lovingizni tushirishi mumkin. Ular, shuningdek, yoshlar yoki talabalar uchun chegirmalar yoki shunga o'xshash aktsiyalardan foydalanishlari mumkin.

Murakkab taktika

Valyuta kursidan sizning manfaatingiz uchun foydalaning

Aviakompaniyalar veb-saytlaridan bron qilingan aksariyat reyslar jo'nash portining valyutasida sotiladi. Ikki tomonlama reyslar odatda ikki valyutada sotiladi, qaytish (qaytish) reysi esa faqat kelib chiqqan valyutada sotiladi. Aviakompaniyalar bozordagi narxlarni bilishadi va valyuta konvertatsiyasini hisobga olgan holda aviachipta narxi kamdan-kam hollarda bo'ladi. Jamg'arma (yoki ustama haq) ko'pincha 20% ni tashkil qilishi mumkin. Shunga o'xshab, sizda to'xtash joyi bo'lsa, agar siz butun yo'lni bron qilsangiz, to'xtash joyidan tarifga qadar bir xil reysni amalga oshirsangiz, tarifni tekshiring.

O'z-o'zidan tuzilgan ulanishlar

Ushbu amaliyotni ba'zan "o'zini o'zi hubbing" deb atashadi. Ba'zan, ayniqsa, arzon narxlardagi bir nechta reyslarni birlashtirish har qanday aviakompaniyadan olishingiz mumkin bo'lgan ko'p oyoqli chiptalardan arzonroq bo'lishi mumkin. Shu bilan birga, eng arzon narxdagi chiptalarni taklif qiladigan aviakompaniyalar bir-biriga bog'langan chiptalarni taklif qilmaslik va boshqa aviakompaniyalar bilan interlyuziya qilmaslik uchun nuqta-nuqta tashuvchilar bo'lishadi (shuning uchun ularning parvozlarini bitta aviachiptada boshqa aviakompaniyalarning parvozlari bilan birlashtirish mumkin emas). Bu shuni anglatadiki, har qanday tekshirilgan bagaj faqat bog'langan shaharga tekshiriladi va uni oxirgi manzilga etkazish mumkin emas. Buning uchun bagaj karuselidan (odatda xavfsiz joydan tashqarida) o'zingizning yukingizni talab qilishingiz va keyin keyingi manzilga bagajingizni qayta tekshirishingiz uchun keyingi aviakompaniyaning ro'yxatga olish stoliga borishingiz kerak. Bu sizning pul o'tkazishingizga qo'shimcha vaqt qo'shadi va kerak bo'lganda immigratsiya bilan bog'liq muammolarni keltirib chiqaradi. Shuni yodda tutingki, dunyoning aksariyat qismida 100 ml dan yuqori bo'lgan suyuqliklarni qabul qila olmaysiz, hatto boshqa aeroportning Duty Free do'konidan sotib olingan narsalar ham.

Siz parvozlaringiz ulanmaganligi uchun javobgar bo'lgan yagona shaxssiz va o'tkazib yuborilgan parvoz uchun tovon puli ololmaysiz. Belgilangan joyga etib borish uchun siz tiqilib qolishingiz va ko'proq pul to'lashingiz mumkin, yoki mavjud reys bo'lguncha u erga etib bormaysiz. Aloqa shahariga etib borishni kechiktirish mumkin bo'lgan omil. Agar bog'lovchi shaharda bir nechta aeroport mavjud bo'lsa, qaysi aeroportga etib kelganingizni va qaysi aeroportdan ketayotganingizni bilishingizga ishonch hosil qiling. Sizga ham kerak bo'lishi mumkin viza agar ulanish aeroporti sizning kelib chiqishingiz va boradigan mamlakatingiz bo'lmasa, davlat steril tranzit bilan viza talabiga ega bo'lsa mumkin immigratsiya orqali o'tmasangiz, voz keching. G'ayrioddiy marshrutni yig'ish uchun qiziqarli imkoniyat - bu dam olish joylaridan foydalanish - ko'pincha ular bir nechta joylarga va hatto nisbatan kichik aeroportlarga parvozlarni amalga oshiradilar - ko'pincha arzon narxlarda, ayniqsa "oqimga qarshi" ketayotganda. Antaliya Turkiyada bunga alohida misol.

Oxirgi oyog'ini o'tkazib yuborish

Ba'zan siz o'zingiz xohlamagan so'nggi oyog'ini bron qilib, arzonroq narxga ega bo'lishingiz mumkin, ammo tranzit aeroportida, belgilangan manzilga etib boring.

Agar sizning sayohatingiz to'xtash va boshqa reysga o'tishni o'z ichiga olsa, unda bir nechta oyog'i bor. Masalan, agar siz Los-Anjelesdan Sidneyga Vellington orqali uchib ketsangiz, u holda sizning parvozingiz ikki oyoqli, hatto aviakompaniya sizga bitta chipta bergan bo'lsa ham. Xuddi shu protsedura AQSh tilida "yashirin shahar chiptalari" deb ham nomlanadi.

Chipta narxlari har doim ham to'g'ridan-to'g'ri muammo emas va ko'pincha kamroq mashhur yo'nalishlar mashhur bo'lganidan pastroq narxga ega bo'lishi mumkin, garchi birinchisi qo'shimcha tutashgan parvozlarni talab qilsa ham. Shuning uchun, siz parvoz chiptasini topishingiz mumkin Karlsrue transfer bilan Myunxen aeroporti faqat Myunxen aeroportiga parvozdan arzonroq bo'ladi. Agar siz Myunxenga borishni istasangiz, Karlsruega chipta sotib olishingiz mumkin va Myunxendagi samolyotga o'tirmasdan, shunchaki aeroportdan chiqib ketishingiz mumkin. Bu mumkin va rad etilmaydi.

Ammo siz parvozingizni yakunlamagan bo'lasiz va aviakompaniyalar turli xil oqibatlarga olib kelishi mumkin. Birinchidan, agar chipta Karlsruega boradigan sayohat uchun chipta bo'lsa, siz Karlsruega qaytib parvoz qilishingiz kerak bo'ladi va odatda Myunxenda bunga qodir bo'lmaysiz. Yoki aviakompaniya chiptaning qolgan qismini hech qanday pul to'lamasdan bekor qiladi.

Ayniqsa hushyor aviakompaniyalar tomonidan ketma-ket jinoyatchilarga olib keladigan oqibatlarga sodiqlik dasturining imtiyozlarini olib tashlash yoki xizmat ko'rsatishni rad etish kiradi. Ko'pgina yurisdiktsiyalardagi mahalliy qonunlar aviakompaniyalarga ma'lum bir shaxslarning uchishini rad etishga imkon beradi.

Odatda aviakompaniya tomonidan qasos olish uchun etarli miqdordagi kichik nashrlar mavjud, shuning uchun tizimni o'zingizning tavakkalingiz bilan o'ynang.

Yana bir muammo (sizning qayerda va qaysi aviakompaniya bilan uchganingizga qarab) sizning tekshirilgan bagajingiz tekshirilishi bo'lishi mumkin, ya'ni siz uni qoldirish vaqtida unga kira olmaysiz. Bu ko'pincha Evropa orqali parvozlarda uchraydi. Shu bilan birga, tranzit aeroportida (agar bu sizning oxirgi manzilingiz bo'lsa) bagajni olib ketishingiz mumkin (agar bu sizning mamlakatingizdan tranzit paytida bojxona tekshiruvidan o'tishi kerak bo'lsa) Terminal. Masalan, siz Osiyodan Sietlga uchyapsiz, ammo Vankuverga arzonroq chiptalarni topdingiz, Sietlda. Sietlga kelganingizda, siz AQSh immigratsiyasi orqali o'tasiz, yuklarni olib ketasiz va AQSh bojxonalarini rasmiylashtirasiz. Vankuverga keyingi reys uchun yukingizni konveyerga qayta joylashtirishning o'rniga, aeroportdan o'zingizning yukingiz bilan chiqib ketasiz. Bundan tashqari, agar siz xalqaro yo'nalishdan boshqa mamlakatga chiptaning ikkinchi qismi uchun ichki reys bilan uchayotgan bo'lsangiz ham ishlaydi. Masalan, siz Parijdan Ottavaga parvozni Torontoda to'xtash bilan bron qildingiz (Toronto sizning belgilangan manzilingiz). Kanadalik bojxonani xalqaro samolyotdan birinchi Kanada aeroportiga etib borganingizda rasmiylashtirishingiz kerakligi sababli, Toronto Pearson aeroportida yukingizni olib kelishingiz kerak. Siz tekshirilgan yuklarni Torontodan olishingiz va Ottava shahriga uchib ketishingiz mumkin.

Bunday ulanish uchun aviakompaniyalarning bronlash tizimlarini qirib tashlaydigan maxsus veb-saytlar mavjud. Agar tavakkal qilishni xohlasangiz, odatda "yashirin shahar" da qidiradigan saytlarni topasiz.

Aviakompaniya konsolidatorlari

Aviakompaniya konsolidatorlari - bu aviakompaniyadan o'rindiqlarni ommaviy ravishda sotib oladigan, keyin ularni sayohat agentliklariga, ko'pincha chegirmali xalqaro sayohatlarga ixtisoslashgan (chelak do'konlari deb nomlanuvchi) yoki ba'zan to'g'ridan-to'g'ri jamoatchilikka sotadigan brokerlar. Ko'pincha konsolidatordan sotib olish aviakompaniya tomonidan taklif qilinganidan arzonroq narxga olib keladi.

Ko'proq chiptalar Internetda sotilishi bilan, ko'p joylarda jismoniy chelak do'konlari Internetdagi do'konlarga qaraganda kamroq va qimmatroq bo'lib qoldi. Faqatgina uzoq xalqaro yo'nalishlar konsolidatsiya asosida sotiladi. AQShda bu degani Alaska, Gavayi, Kanada, Meksika, Karib dengizi va AQShning kontinental qismi bundan mustasno. Osiyoda esa masofalar bu qadar katta bo'lishi shart emas.

Ba'zi mamlakatlar konsolidatorlarning ishlashiga ruxsat bermaydilar (ayniqsa rivojlanayotgan mamlakatlarda) va aviachiptalar faqat e'lon qilingan tarif stavkalariga muvofiq sotiladi. Biroq, bu faqat o'sha mamlakat aholisiga taalluqlidir (va mahalliy sayohatchiga o'xshab ikkinchi darajali manzilga uchadigan mehmonlar).

Eng ko'p aviakompaniya konsolidatorlari va eng arzon xalqaro aviachiptalar bo'lgan mamlakatlar Qo'shma Shtatlar, Buyuk Britaniya, Germaniya, Tailandva Gonkong. Qo'shimcha, Kanada shuningdek, konsolidatorlarga ega, garchi uning xalqaro tariflari AQShnikidan yuqori. Evropaning bir nechta boshqa mamlakatlarida ham ular bor, lekin Frantsiyadan oldingi mustamlakalariga parvozlar bundan mustasno, Buyuk Britaniya yoki Germaniyadan qimmatroq.

Aviakompaniya konsolidatori bilan bronlashda odatda uch kalendar oy oldin bron qilish yaxshi bo'ladi. Masalan, agar siz 21 iyunda uchishni xohlasangiz, 1 mart yoki undan keyin bron qilishingiz mumkin. Ushbu sanaga qadar aviakompaniya va uning konsolidatorlari o'rtasida talablar va yoqilg'i narxlarining noaniqligi sababli biron bir kelishuv amalga oshirilmasa kerak. Biroq, ko'plab konsolidatorlar bir necha oy oldin sizga joyni yuqori narxda sotishga tayyor bo'lishadi, agar siz kutib tursangiz, narxlar tushishi mumkinligi haqida hech qanday ishora bermaydi. Boshqa tomondan, agar siz so'nggi daqiqagacha kutib tursangiz, barcha o'rindiqlar sotib yuborilgan bo'lishi mumkin. Ba'zan samolyot hali ham yarim bo'sh bo'lsa, siz juda ko'p narsalarni olishingiz mumkin, ammo bu istisno. Albatta, bu Olimpiada singari talab katta bo'lgan tadbirga kitob sayohatidan uch oy oldin kutish kerak degani emas. Shunga o'xshash narsa uchun aviakompaniyalar konsolidatorlarga umuman bo'sh joylarni berishlari ehtimoldan yiroq emas, chunki ularning maqsadi aviakompaniyalar o'zlarini sota olmaydigan ortiqcha joylarni sotishdir.

An'anaga ko'ra, siz konsolidator bilan birinchi bron qilishni boshlaganingizda, bu "faqat so'rov" asosida amalga oshiriladi. Bu shuni anglatadiki, konsolidator avval sizning tasdiqingizni olishdan oldin aviakompaniyadagi so'rovingizni tekshirishi kerak - odatda ikki-uch ish kuni ichida. Dunyo endi kompyuterlashtirilgani bilan, ba'zida siz darhol tasdiqlashingiz mumkin. Chiptangizni (yoki elektron chiptani) olgandan so'ng, aviakompaniyaga qo'ng'iroq qilib, hammasi mos kelishini tekshiring. Agar ularda sizning yozuvingiz bo'lmasa (va siz darhol uchmasangiz), bir necha kundan keyin qayta urinib ko'ring.

To'lov tasdiqlangandan so'ng tez orada kutiladi va o'zgartirishlar va bekor qilish uchun katta jarimalar mavjud. Chiptaning faqat bir oyog'ini uchib chiqqandan so'ng, hech narsa qaytarib berilishi mumkin. There may be a small surcharge for credit card payments, but it is often advisable to use a credit card (not a debit card tied to a checking or savings account) to provide protection in case of bankruptcy. Not all airline consolidators (or those representing themselves as such) are honest, and they should be checked thoroughly before any money is exchanged. In the United States, many of the largest consolidators are members of the United States Air Consolidators Association (USACA). They require each member to conduct at least US$20 million in sales annually, be incorporated in the USA for at least two years, and have never filed for bankruptcy or ceased operation. However, some of these consolidators sell wholesale only, and they just resell to travel agents.

Some travel agencies have recognized the value and convenience of booking online. It's a good idea to look for travel agencies who book consolidator tickets and have their own booking engine set up on a company website. You'll have access to three sets of fares through their booking engines, which will give you three chances of finding the lowest fare for international travel. You'll have access to consolidator fares, published fares offered by airlines and online only special fares. If you have a favorite travel agent already, check out their website and see if they offer this option.

Booking online will still give you the convenience of buying your ticket at your own time, at your convenience and still taking advantage of all possible avenues of finding the lowest cost. If you see an itinerary and cost you like, but shows as unavailable on the booking engine, call your travel agent with your desired itinerary. They may be able to waitlist your flight and still get seats confirmed at the desired cost for your desired itinerary. Travel agents are also able to hold your reservation anywhere from 3 to 10 days before you have to purchase and pay for your reservation. This gives you time to apply for visas and get any other paperwork in order.

Airline miles are available in most cases. Paperless e-tickets are becoming more common even for international destinations. If a paper ticket is required (either by you or the airline), it will be shipped by express mail or air courier service at an additional charge. A paper ticket may show a fare much higher than what you actually paid, and not the airline's cheapest fare (or fare class in coach). This is to your advantage. In case of overbooking, you'll be more protected from getting bumped, and you'll probably get more or better airline miles. This applies equally to e-tickets, but won't be as obvious.

Expert strategies

Many baggage manufacturers and retailers will sell you bags labelled as "hand baggage sized", but airlines might have different size definitions than they do

Many of the following strategies are highly advanced and yield substantial savings (50 to 70% off regular fares are not unheard of). However, they are not available from your city all the time. You also cannot be picky about where and when to fly as they often have limited travel dates, length of the trip, departure airports, destinations, and airlines due to the nature of discount. If a mistake fare offers to fly you to, for example, Minsk, Belorussiya on Ukraine International Airline in February then why not? You get to travel to less-commonly visited city/country in low season so hotels won't be expensive and short line-ups at attractions. You can also use it as a starting point to other neighbouring countries (in this example, Poland and Eastern Europe).

Bular mistake fare deals often disappear within hours because the airline or online booking site often make a loss on each ticket sold this way. Airlines and online travel agencies can and have cancelled tickets that they deemed as "mistake" in the past (unless that is not allowed by certain country's consumer protection law) but they run the risk of garnering backlash. Even if they do cancel your ticket, they will refund your money. Thus, it is wise to wait two to three weeks before making other non-refundable expenses such as hotel and local transportation bookings in case the airline does cancel the ticket. One way to check if your ticket remains valid is to check if the booking confirmation email contains a e-ticket number and to login to the airline's website with the booking reference number. If both succeed, your ticket kerak be valid.

Do not contact the airline (email, phone, sending a message on social media) to inquire if your booking is valid or if you think the fare is a mistake. It only makes the airline aware of the mistake sooner and close the loophole quicker, depriving other budget travelers an opportunity to book a mistake fare.

Human error

Prices are entered manually by staff and mistakes will happen from time to time. Airline may price first class seats at economy price by accident. Or an employee may have mis-keyed a $1400 ticket as $140.

Mistake fare also occurs if the currency exchange rate was mis-entered. For example, 1 CAD can be exchanged for approximately €0.66 but the online booking site may have incorrectly entered the exchange rate as €1 for 0.66 CAD. In this circumstance, it is advantageous to book using Canadian dollars. Even though you may not be flying to or from Canada and credit card companies typically charge 3% on foreign transaction fee, you saved 33% on ticket cost due to the currency mistake.

Fuel dumping

Fuel dumping occurs when a shorter flight overrides the fuel surcharge imposed on a longer flight. Due to the nature of this strategy, it occurs in connecting flights and only if one leg is much longer (e.g. trans-Atlantic, continental) than another leg. It often involves two uncommon airport pairs because airlines usually picked up the typical destinations or many people would have accidentally stumbled upon it already, so doing a fuel dump on New York to London almost never succeeds. It also often involves having two or more airlines in the same booking because fuel surcharge calculations are often different between airlines which can cause a conflict when the booking engine tries to determine the total ticket price. If the booking only consists of one airline, it is frequently known as "self-dump".

An extension of fuel dumping is known as "3X" or "third strike". This is accomplished by adding an additional leg that doesn't have to be departing from the same airport (or even the same day) as your intended final destination. You don't intend to board the last leg. The purpose of the last leg is to cause a computer glitch to lower the fuel surcharge so that the website only charges the fuel surcharge from the last, often very short, flight and not the fuel surcharge on the flights you actually plan to fly on.

Legacy airlines

A legacy airline, yirik aviakompaniya yoki full-service airline usually has a heritage from the time when flying was a luxury. While their price and service levels have lingered at the high end, they usually have special offers today. They typically have one or more hubs and use hub-and-spoke model for flights. Skipping the last leg (hidden city ticketing) is more commonly found on the routes flown by legacy airlines.

A bayroq tashuvchisi yoki milliy aviakompaniya is a legacy airline which is, or used to be, owned by a national government. Ba'zilari juda keksa (KLM va Avianca 1919 yildan beri parvoz qilmoqda), ammo bugungi kunda raqobatbardosh bo'lib qolish uchun kurashmoqdalar. Bayroq tashuvchi odatda o'zlarining aeroportida hukmronlik qiladi, bu erda ular o'zlari butun terminalga ega bo'lishlari mumkin. In certain regions, particularly the Persian Gulf, flag carriers are still owned by or closely aligned with the national government, and are often the beneficiaries of many open and hidden subsidies. Fors ko'rfazi tashuvchilari, o'zlarini hashamatli brendlar sifatida sotishga kirishdilar.

As of the 2010s, these airlines have reworked their ticket classes. Some of them now have a low-budget ticket class, which is usually on sale. The characteristics of budget airlines (extra cost for personal ground service, seat assignment, baggage, meals, etc.) increasingly apply to the low ticket classes of legacy airlines; at least on shorter routes.

Legacy airlines are more likely to offer youth, student va senior discounts, at least on domestic lines.

Flag carriers might provide resident discounts for rural or island destinations, especially if the flight is operated as a public service obligation (PSO).

The name of an airline can be deceptive: Norwegian is not the flag carrier of Norway, but an independent budget airline (albeit a decent one), and Hong Kong Airlines is not the flag carrier of Hong Kong (that honour goes to Cathay Pacific).

Byudjetli aviakompaniyalar

Spirit Airlines only offers a knee-crunching 28 inches of seat pitch, and they charge for everything!

The cheapest tickets are often offered by budget airlines, which tend to have restricted service compared to full-service or legacy carriers. Usually the most pronounced difference is the type of aircraft and seat pitch (i.e. the distance between seats). Low-fare carriers usually pack the most passengers possible in their aircraft, which means only offering one class of seating and service, and offering very limited seat pitch and legroom.

Budget airlines often fly as early and as late in the day as possible. Many European airports have limits on night flights, which means you will probably not have to fly before 5AM (check whether there is any transportation to the airport at this early hour). In the USA, the "red-eye" flight has become somewhat of an institution for cost- and time-conscious travelers, meaning a flight where any sleep you might get is on the plane. As those flights are usually not popular, deals tend to be best for them.

Reserving specific seats with more legroom is usually possible for a sizable fee. Depending on the airline, you may find nothing in terms of entertainment or conveniences, but free Wi-Fi and power sockets at your seats. Parents with small children should call the airline and ensure any special requirements are available prior to booking. Change facilities may be simple or non-existent.

Increasingly budget airlines offer premium packages, which usually include priority boarding, a baggage allowance, or even a seat near an exit row. Bizarrely, in many cases those packages are more expensive than buying every single item in them separately, so keep alert when trying to save on those offers.

Finally, meals and drinks are almost always sold on board at inflated prices, although this is becoming the norm for airlines offering cheaper rates. Check the airline's website for information regarding services, and make an informed choice.

Never assume that budget carriers will be the cheapest. Particularly in the United States, the legacy full-service carriers offer the same, or sometimes even less service than some budget carriers for domestic economy, and their fares are often competitive with what the budget carriers are offering. Elsewhere, after factoring in the costs of extras, it can sometimes work out cheaper to fly on a full-service airline, especially if you are booking a trip at the last minute. The only way to be sure you are getting the best deal is to shop around. Frustratingly, many airlines will not tell you what their luggage fees and other unavoidable surcharges are unless you are already several steps deep into the booking process (often after they already asked you for your name). One way to circumvent this nasty policy is to enquire with a bogus name, abandoning the transaction by closing the page just prior to the "pay now" window.

Baggage allowance

Budget airlines often impose (very) low baggage allowances. These can be as low as 7–15 kg for one item only, and some do not allow any free check-in baggage at all, but some carriers offer generous allowances. Check the carriers' rules carefully before booking. They generally enforce excess allowances at check-in even for very minor amounts over the limit and require cash or credit card payment or they will refuse boarding. For airlines that do not offer free check-in baggage, they usually allow you to purchase check-in baggage allowance either online in advance, or at the counter on check-in. More often than not, purchasing it online in advance is the cheaper of the two options, usually by a significant amount.

Narx

When buying tickets on a budget airline, be sure to calculate how much you end up paying for the total fare, including additional charges, and compare them with the price of a full-service airline. As many budget airlines fly to secondary airports that are far from the city, be sure to factor in ground transportation costs as well. Some budget airlines also impose additional fees for passengers who carry a child below 2 years old, without providing a seat for the child. Many airlines these days offer different tickets even in economy class, roughly falling into the categories "bare bones", "some extras" and "full flex". The "bare bones" option commonly faqat includes the flight itself and balki carry on luggage. No checked bags, meals, drinks, seat reservations or anything of the kind are available but they may all be purchased for a few euros extra. The "some extras" option commonly combines a few of the more commonly bought extras. Whether that offer is worth it depends on a) whether you actually need those extras and b) the individual airline. Naturally, airlines tend to be as opaque as possible about this or even downright misleading in telling you you save €30 by taking that offer, because they figure in stuff you won't actually need or compare that offer to the maximum prices for the extras included. The "full flex" option commonly includes more options for rebooking and cancellation in addition to other extras. This is particularly attractive to business travelers who might have to rebook on short notice or when for whatever reasons your plans might change; however, do read the details of the rebooking procedure and conditions carefully as even for allegedly flexible tickets there is often a cutoff point after which you'll pay more or forfeit the ticket for any changes made.

Meals

Tuna sandwich on the Korean low-cost airline T'way Airlines

Many budget airlines do not provide meals, water or in-flight entertainment. Some sell these on board. Meals or beverages are often overpriced. Meals can commonly be pre-booked to make sure they are available at all or to get a better price. Some entertainment systems offer pay-per-view content.

With security arrangements changing around the world, do not assume you can bring food or water on board, and even if you can, most low-cost carriers will not allow you to consume it on board in order to force you purchase their in-flight meals. An empty bottle is usually fine with airport security though, and if the airport has any potable water air-side, it's worth a shot. Check their website prior to booking. Some airlines permit pre-booking of upgrades for meals, baggage and other services at a discount at booking. Walk-up payment is often over-priced or the quantity not available to meet demand. Be flexible and prepared prior to your flight (take tissues in case of low toilet paper supply.)

Secondary airports

Many budget airlines avoid major airports as they tend to have higher landing fees. Especially in Europe, this often means budget airlines fly out of airfields in the middle of nowhere like Hahn, that can be difficult and expensive to reach. If you factor in those costs at both ends of your flight, the major airport may end up being cheaper after all. In North America however, many secondary airports are closer to the city they serve, reducing this problem. Still, even in North America where public transit access is often the exception not the rule, major airports are usually among the better connected spots while secondary airports sometimes don't even have a public bus.

Seat allocations

Shuningdek qarang: Samolyotda o'tirish

Seat allocation for budget airlines is generally either pre-booked as a preference at the time of booking or is not available until check-in. Once again, check the airline website carefully and read the terms and conditions prior to providing credit card details. To obtain best seats it is essential that you arrive as early as possible to the airport for check-in and seat allocation. Ryanair for example qasddan seats groups apart unless they pay for assigned seats. The "children must sit next to an accompanying adult" rule is fulfilled by some airlines by charging a fee to one adult and assigning random seats to every other adult in the booking.

Esa biznes-klass is usually absent on these airlines, there can be several sub-classes of seating, where you usually get what you pay for.

Sayohat sug'urtasi

Shuningdek qarang: Sayohat sug'urtasi

Discount carriers don't always offer credit for missed flights and may even then not offer a discount for travel at short notice. The $50 fare you prepaid may be lost and a new fare of $450 be your only option. Always ensure you know what the airline policy is if you arrive late to check-in and with respect to illness. Some credit cards offer flight interruptions or trip cancellation insurance if you purchase the ticket with that credit card.

Customer service

Budget airlines often contract out their ground-handing service to lower the operating cost (particularly at destinations outside of their hubs - if they even have any). You may find that those ground staff are not well-versed with a specific budget airline because the agent often does check-ins and boarding calls for multiple airlines that day. In case of flight delays or cancellations, don't expect them to have more information than you do since they don't actually work for the budget airlines (they only work for the ground-handling company). In some cases the airline may be stingy and opaque with information given leaving the ground-handling staff barely better informed than the passengers. European airlines are more likely to subcontract ground handling than North American ones. Legacy carriers at their hubs usually have their own personnel, though.

Bad weather is one thing that can cancel or delay flights – if that happens, traditional airlines tend to be more helpful getting you to your destination

In the event of flight cancellation due to severe weather or mechanical breakdown, this is truly when legacy carriers shine because of their good customer service. Legacy carriers usually have higher frequency on the city pairs and more reserve aircraft in standby to anticipate any irregular operations. Passengers on the cancelled flight will usually be bumped to the next available flight by the same company. If you have a connection flight to catch, it is customary (though not always) for legacy carriers to assist you by booking the next flight by any airline, including its competitor, to the destination so that you will not miss your connection. Legacy carriers often have longstanding partnership with hotel chains and can put you in an airport hotel for free or at a heavily discounted rate if the delay lasts over the night. Budget airlines may fly that city pair once a day or less frequent. The next flight by the budget airlines could be the next day or even few days from now. Budget airlines are not even obligated to reserve a seat in the next available flight if that flight is sold out. They often won't even assist passengers in booking an alternative flight, hotel or offer meal vouchers (unless mandated by law) as the ground agents are contracted to another company. Yes, the budget airline will refund your cancelled flight's ticket, often days or weeks later, but you have to pay for a new and expensive ticket at the last-minute walk-up rate on the spot.

Unlike legacy airlines which often participate in alliances, most low cost carriers do not. The importance of airline alliance becomes more clear for international flights. For example, British Airways and Cathay Pacific offer flights from London Heathrow to Hong Kong and both airlines belong to Oneworld alliance. If, for whatever reason, British Airways had to cancel a flight to Hong Kong, British Airways agents can book seats on Cathay Pacific to accommodate passengers. If seats on Cathay Pacific cannot accommodate all affected passengers, British Airways can route the passengers from London Heathrow to other Oneworld alliance members' hubs (e.g. Finnair in Helsinki and Qatar Airways in Doha) to reach Hong Kong. Even in rare events like computer outage that grounds all aircraft of a certain company, legacy carriers such as Delta, United and American Airlines have existing agreement to mutually assist each other in times of need despite being fierce competitors in the domestic market and in different airline alliances. Few low cost carriers join alliances, so their passengers do not benefit from the flexibility offered by alliances.

Even if nothing goes wrong with your flight but you needed to inquire about your itinerary or make changes to it, you will find that it is easier to reach legacy carrier's support team by email, social media, phone or even going to their ticketing office. Budget airlines often go "digital" and only respond to inquires made via email and social media (and even if they provide support over the phone, it will charge you the call by the minute).

Read the fine print

Shuningdek qarang: Common scams#"Low cost" airlines

Low service airlines are notorious for their practice of advertising extremely low fares that suddenly stack up with a lot of surcharges once you book them. They justify it by saying that they only sell one ticket for one person sitting in one seat flying with no baggage and anything beyond that should be paid for if you want it, but some push it to the point of absurdity, when entering data in one form automatically checks a box in another that makes you buy (almost certainly useless) travel insurance. Common (almost always inflated) surcharges to avoid are levied on the wrong form of payment (try to have the right kind of debit or credit card handy), failing to print out a boarding pass, check-in that isn't done the right way (usually online), assigned seats, unaccompanied minors, baggage and — most absurd of all — carry-on bags. Before you book, make absolutely sure that you know what you will need and book it as early as possible, to avoid having to pay multiples of the normal price when you suddenly notice at the gate that 15 kg of checked baggage isn't going to be enough, and you'll possibly have to pay €100 for excess baggage.

Other airlines and planes

A mintaqaviy aviakompaniya usually operates less busy routes with smaller aircraft. Many of them are allied with a legacy airline.

Their routes usually lack direct competition and can be more expensive.

Holiday charters shine in Europe where they have decades of tradition. Often focused on carrying sun seeking Europeans, and to a lesser extent migrant workers, from the rich but cold countries of the centre, north and west to warm water destinations around the Mediterranean, they virtually all offer tickets to the general public not booked on package deals, either as a matter of course or when they could not fill the plane through their partner travel bureaus alone. Their product tends to be overall quite similar, but there are some that skimp on maintenance, which results in reliability and safety issues. Great deals can be had especially when heading "against the flow"; rest assured that the EU is going to ban everything from its airspace that might endanger European holidaymakers.

Related costs

Shuningdek qarang: Xarid qilish, Oziq-ovqat va ichimlik

Aeroportlar tend to have more expensive food and other commodities than local retailers. If you have the chance, get supplies in a supermarket instead.

Security checkpoints ban liquids over 100ml, and water and other beverages might be expensive airside. In places with good tap water, passengers can however carry an empty bottle through security, and fill it from the bathroom tap.

Airport transfer

The ride to and from the airports (or between transit airports) might be a significant portion of the total cost (and time). If you ride a budget airline to a far-out airport (such as Stockholm-Skavsta near Nyköping, which is 100 km from Stokgolm), the bus ticket might cost more than the flight. Agar jamoat transporti yoki avtobuslar are available, they are usually the cheapest option. Some airports have "premium" trains that go directly from the airport to some central location and cost more than other public transit options. They are usually aimed at business travelers and a bad deal for cost conscious travelers. In the Anglosphere there is also often a surcharge for the airport station and in some cases a relatively short walk can save you this surcharge.

At night, public transportation might be limited, forcing passengers to take a taxi or another more costly ride. If arriving at odd hours in the night, many taxis will levy a late night surcharge, which can sometimes double the taxi fare.

The price of Taksilar mamlakatlar o'rtasida juda ko'p farq qiladi. Try to share a cab with other passengers. Ridesharing ham ko'rib chiqilishi mumkin.

Some hotels and hostels offer free airport shuttles to their customers. If you can take advantage of such offers, do.

Alternatives to flying

Shuningdek qarang: Transportation#Choosing your vehicle

While there are hardly any practicable alternatives to a trans-Atlantic or trans-Pacific flight (unless you seriously consider traveling on a freight ship and even that is usually more expensive than a flight) the shorter the distance, the more alternatives open up.

Train travel can be a good alternative to flying, often cheaper, and for short trips it might even be faster

Ground transportation options include temir yo'lda sayohat va avtobus sayohati. While airplanes fly much faster than even the yuqori tezlik trains run, do note the time needed for getting to and from the airport, waiting to embark and disembark, baggage handling, and the time consumed by the often-onerous security procedures. Most of the time, railways go directly to the city center, and the same is often the case with buses. You can also often enjoy more space and comfort on board of a train, and more of your time is spent traveling and not queuing up, so you can sleep, relax or work longer.

In many cases bus or rail travel is cheaper than a flight covering the same distance, as long as it stays under a roughly 1000-km threshold. However on longer distances the economies of scale tend to work against ground transportation and in favor of flying, but be sure to check prices regardless, as sometimes even a short hop flight may be cheaper than the alternative and sometimes even a long overland trip can be a bargain in terms of price. Even though you might reconsider if the cheapest rail or bus fare involves a 30-hour ride and no bed or couchette. While sleeping in coach class is doable and easier on a train than a plane (reclining seats, more legroom, less noise, etc.), sleeper trains were invented for a reason.

If your flight is across a body of water, you may want to see if there is a water connection shuningdek. Water-based transportation is usually much slower than overground transport or flying, but its has some advantages. For smaller bodies of water, those are the sights and the experience other means simply cannot afford. For larger bodies of water requiring a long crossing, it is often done by means of ferry ships which contain sleeping facilities, so you get your transport and accommodation at one go (and at one price). Generally the largest (and some would argue the best) ferries crisscross the Baltic. They can also be remarkably cheap (cheaper than most standard hotel rooms) if you bring your own food and resist the urge to load up on booze and cigarettes. Qarang Boltiq dengizidagi paromlar.

Other options to consider

Shuningdek qarang

Bu sayohat mavzusi haqida Byudjetga uchish bor qo'llanma holat. Unda butun mavzuni qamrab olgan yaxshi, batafsil ma'lumotlar mavjud. Iltimos, o'z hissangizni qo'shing va buni amalga oshirishda bizga yordam bering Yulduz !