Saudiya Arabistoni - Saudi Arabia

Saudiya Arabistoni^{[o'lik havola]} Arabiston yarim orolida geografik jihatdan hukmronlik qiladigan qirollikdir.

Saudiya Arabistoni o'z ichiga oladi Islomeng muqaddas shaharlar - Makka (Makka) va Madina (Madina) - bu erda musulmon ziyoratchilar ko'p bo'lgan Haj. Haj, vohalarda yaxshi o'sadigan bir necha ekinlar bilan birga, masalan, medjool xurmo, 100 yildan kam oldin neft kashf etilgunga qadar mamlakatning asosiy daromad manbai bo'lgan.

So'nggi bir necha yil ichida engil yengilliklar qabul qilingan bo'lsa ham, mamlakat Islom qonunlarini juda qattiq talqin qilishni qat'iyan talab qilmoqda, eng e'tiborlisi ayollarga avtomobil haydashga ruxsat berish. Agar sizning xatti-harakatlaringiz va so'z erkinligingiz uchun bir nechta cheklovlarni qabul qilishga tayyor bo'lmasangiz, Saudiya Arabistoniga sayohat qilmaslik kerak.

Mintaqalar

Saudiya Arabistoni ma'muriy jihatdan 13 viloyatga bo'lingan (hududah), ammo mamlakatning an'anaviy bo'linishlari buni anglash uchun ko'proq foydalidir.

Saudiya Arabistoni mintaqalari - Rang bilan belgilangan xarita

Asir Mo''tadil iqlimi va kuchli Yaman ta'siriga ega bo'lgan janubi-g'arbiy tog'lari.

Sharqiy viloyat Saudiya Arabistoni neft qazib olish markazi Fors ko'rfazi qirg'og'ini qoplagan

Hijoz Qizil dengiz sohilida Makka, Madina, Jidda savdo va tijorat uyi.

Nejd Markaziy baland tog'lar markazlashgan Ar-Riyod, Saud oilasining tug'ilgan joyi va mamlakatning eng konservativ qismi.

Shimoliy Nabataean xarobalari joylashgan kamdan-kam hollarda tashrif buyurgan Madain Saleh.

Shaharlar

• 24.6546.711 Ar-Riyod - Qirollikning poytaxti va "o'lik markazi"
• 18.21666666666742.52 Abha - Yaman chegarasi yaqinidagi janubi-g'arbda yozgi sayyohlik tog 'kurort shahri
• 26.26666666666750.153 Dahran - dunyodagi eng yirik neft kompaniyasi bo'lgan Saudi Aramco ning uyi
• 21.54277777777839.1727777777784 Jidda (Jidda) - Qizil dengizdagi yirik metropoliten shahar va Makka va Madinaga kirish eshigi
• 2749.6666666666675 Jubail - qirollikning eng yirik sanoat shahri
• 21.422539.8261111111116 Makka (Makka) - Islomning eng muqaddas shahri
• 24.46666666666739.67 Madina (Madina) - Payg'ambar masjidi joylashgan joy
• 17.491744.13228 Najran - ajoyib qal'aga ega Yaman ta'sirida bo'lgan shahar
• 21.26666666666740.4166666666679 Taif - o'rtacha o'lchamdagi tog'li shahar va mashhur kurort zonasi

Jadvallarda va hatto yo'l belgilarida joy nomlarining inglizcha yozilishida sezilarli o'zgarishlarni kuting: Al Vajh va Wedjh bir xil joy. Xususan, Q / G, E / I va E / A erkin almashtiriladi (Qassim / Gassim, Makka / Makka, Jidda / Jidda), H / A ba'zan joylarni almashtiradi (Al-Ahsa/Al-Xasa) va aniqlovchi al- yoqish yoki o'chirish mumkin (Madina / Almadina, Ar-Riyod / Arriyad).

Boshqa yo'nalishlar

• 20501 Bo'sh chorak (Rub 'al Khali) - eng katta qumlardan biri cho'llar er yuzida
• 21.422539.8261666666672 Haj - musulmonlarning Makka ziyoratlari
• 26.81416666666737.94753 Madain Saleh - o'xshash Nabataean shahri vayron bo'lgan Petra

Tushuning

Poytaxt	Ar-Riyod
Valyuta	Saudiya riyali (SAR)
Aholisi	33 million (2018)
Elektr	220 volt / 60 gerts va 230 volt / 60 gerts (BS 1363)
Mamlakat kodi	966
Vaqt zonasi	UTC 03:00
Favqulodda vaziyatlar	112, 966911 (shoshilinch tibbiy yordam xizmatlari), 999 (politsiya), 911
Haydash tomoni	to'g'ri
Wikidata-da tahrirlash

Riyod shahridagi Dira maydoni

Tarix

Saudiya Arabistoni knyazligi bilan bir qatorda qirol oilalari nomidagi uchta davlatdan biridir Lixtenshteyn va Hoshimiylar Qirolligi Iordaniya. Oila Nejd shayxlari, Ar-Riyod atrofi bo'lgan, ammo qo'shni sulola tomonidan quvg'in qilingan, ular o'zlarining qarindoshlari, Quvayt amirlari bilan yashirinishgan. Keyin 1902 yilda yosh Abd al-Aziz Ibn Saud va bir necha o'nlab yigitlar uylariga hujum qilish uchun ot oldilar. Ma'lum bo'lishicha, bosqinchilar yomon hukmronlik qilishgan, shuning uchun ko'plab mahalliy aholi ularga qo'shilishgan. Ular nafaqat Ar-Riyodni, balki atrofdagi ko'plab hududlarni ham qayta qo'lga kiritdilar.

Shundan so'ng, Abdul Aziz Arabiston yarim orolini birlashtirish uchun 30 yillik kampaniyani boshladi. Uning qo'l ostida birlashgan hudud Saudiya Arabistoni nomi bilan mashhur bo'ldi.

1930-yillarda neftning kashf etilishi mamlakatni tubdan o'zgartirib yubordi va Saudiya Arabistoni 1933 yilda AQShning Yaqin Sharqdagi asosiy ittifoqchisiga aylandi. 1990 yilda Iroq Kuvaytga bostirib kirgandan so'ng Saudiya Arabistoni G'arbiy va Arablarga ruxsat berib, Kuvayt qirollik oilasini va 400000 qochqinni qabul qildi. qo'shinlari keyingi yil Quvaytni ozod qilish uchun uning qumiga joylashtirilsin. Rivojlanayotgan aholi, ishsizlik, qatlamlarning yo'q bo'lib ketishi va iqtisodiyot asosan neft qazib olish va narxlarga bog'liq bo'lgan hukumatning asosiy muammolari.

Iqtisodiyot

Saudiya Arabistoni neftga asoslangan iqtisodiyot bo'lib, yirik iqtisodiy faoliyat ustidan hukumat tomonidan kuchli nazorat o'rnatiladi. Saudiya Arabistoni dunyodagi eng katta neft zaxiralariga ega (tasdiqlangan zaxiralarning 26%), eng yirik neft eksportchisi bo'lib, OPEKda etakchi rol o'ynaydi. Neft sektori byudjet daromadlarining taxminan 75 foizini, YaIMning 45 foizini va eksport daromadlarining 90 foizini tashkil etadi. Yalpi ichki mahsulotning 25 foizga yaqini xususiy sektor hissasiga to'g'ri keladi.

Taxminan 4 million chet ellik ishchilar Saudiya iqtisodiyotida, masalan, neft va xizmat ko'rsatish sohalarida muhim rol o'ynaydi.

1999 yilda hukumat elektr tarmoqlari kompaniyalarini xususiylashtirishni boshlash rejalarini e'lon qildi, bu esa telekommunikatsiya kompaniyasining davom etayotgan xususiylashtirilishidan keyin amalga oshiriladi. Hukumat qirollikning neftga bo'lgan qaramligini kamaytirish va o'sayotgan Saudiya aholisi uchun ish bilan ta'minlash imkoniyatlarini oshirish uchun xususiy sektorni o'sishiga chaqirishda davom etishi kutilmoqda. Suv tanqisligi va aholining tez o'sishi qishloq xo'jaligi mahsulotlari bilan o'zini o'zi ta'minlashni kuchaytirish bo'yicha hukumatning harakatlarini cheklaydi.

Saudiyalik yoshlarning ishsizligi jiddiy muammo hisoblanadi. Saudiya Arabistoni ko'plab turdagi ishlarni bajarishni istamasligi sababli qisman Saudiya fuqarolari ko'plab ishchi kuchlari bilan raqobatlashishga majbur bo'layotgani ham haqiqatdir, bu ko'pincha mahalliylarga qaraganda ancha arzon. Ya'ni, Saudiya Arabistonining neft boyligi o'z fuqarolariga dunyodagi eng keng qamrovli davlatlardan birini ta'minlashga imkon berdi, ammo ular uchun hech qanday daromad solig'i olinmaydi.

Geografiya

Relyef

Saudiya Arabistoni yarimorolining taxminan to'rtdan to'rt qismini egallaydi, ularni Fors ko'rfazidagi dengiz sathiga qadar asta-sekin sharq tomon burilgan to'rtburchaklar plato deb atash mumkin.

Asosiy topografik xususiyatlar quyidagilar:

Saravat yoki Sarat tog 'tizmalari Qizil dengiz sohiliga parallel ravishda Iordaniya chegarasi yonidan Yamanning janubiy qirg'og'igacha boshlanib, balandligi asta-sekin janubga ko'tariladi. U, asosan, janubda qaqshagan vulkanik toshlardan va shimolda qumtoshlardan tashkil topgan, ammo u qadimgi lava dalalari va unumdor vodiylar bilan birlashtirilgan. Yaman tomon janubga qarab harakatlanayotganda, bepusht landshaft asta-sekin mussonlar oralig'ida bo'lish natijasida yashil tog'larga va hatto o'rmonzorlarga yo'l ochadi. Saudiya Arabistonida, odatda, Hijaz nomi bilan tanilgan, ammo janubning eng janubiy qismi "Asir" nomi bilan tanilgan. Hijoz tog'larida muqaddas Makka shahri joylashgan bo'lib, Makka shahridan taxminan 400 km shimolda ikkita katta lava dalalari orasidagi vohada, boshqa muqaddas Madina shahri joylashgan.

Sarawat yoki Hejaz tog 'tizmasining g'arbiy qismida Tihama deb nomlanuvchi tor qirg'oq tekisligi joylashgan bo'lib, unda mamlakatning ikkinchi yirik shahri Jidda joylashgan.

Hijozning sharqida kichik vulqon tog'lari bilan cho'l dashtining siyrak aholisi joylashgan Najd deb nomlangan baland plato joylashgan. Najd-sharqdan sharqda Tuvayg eskarpmenti joylashgan bo'lib, u shimoldan janubga 800 km masofada yuguradigan tor yassi. Uning yuqori qatlami ohaktosh va qumtoshning pastki qatlamidan qilingan. Tarixiy jihatdan toza er osti suvlariga boy va ko'plab quruq daryolar (vodiylar) bilan kesib o'tgan Tuvayg tizmasi va uning yaqin atroflari shahar va qishloqlar turkumi bilan ajralib turadi. O'rtada bir guruh vodiylar o'rtasida joylashgan poytaxt Ar-Riyod joylashgan.

Tuvayg platosidan sharqda va unga parallel ravishda "Markaziy mintaqa" yoki "Najd" ni Sharqiy provintsiyadan ajratib turadigan Dahana cho'l deb nomlanuvchi qizil (20-100 km) qizil qum tepaliklarining yo'lagi joylashgan. Temir oksidlarining og'irligi qumga o'ziga xos qizil ko'rinishini beradi. Daxana cho'llari qum tepaliklarining ikkita katta "dengizini" birlashtiradi. Shimoliy qismi Nufud nomi bilan mashhur, taxminan Superior ko'lining kattaligi, janubi esa "Bo'sh kvartal" nomi bilan mashhur, chunki u yarim orolning to'rtdan bir qismini egallaydi. Garchi bu uch "qum dengizining" chekkasida yashashga yaroqsiz bo'lsa-da, bahorgi mavsumda ajoyib yaylovlar mavjud, ammo hatto badaviylar ham deyarli hech qachon Bo'sh Mahalladan o'tishga urinishmagan.

Nufud cho'lining shimolida Al-Jof kabi bir necha vohadan tashqari, an'anaviy ravishda asosan ko'chmanchi badaviylar yashaydigan vahshiy cho'l dashti joylashgan. Ushbu mintaqa Iroq va Suriya cho'llarining kengayishi (yoki aksincha). Yomg'irli mavsumdan so'ng, bu bepusht, toshloq dashtlarda serhosil o'tloqlar va boy yaylovlar hosil bo'lishi mumkin.

Sharqiy viloyat asosan bepushtdir, faqat tarkibida qadimiy qazilma suv manbalaridan hosil bo'lgan ikkita voha mavjud. Bular Fors ko'rfazi sohilidagi Al-Kateef vohalari va undan ichkaridagi Al-Xasa (yoki Al-Ahsa) vohalari. Ning yonida Qatif Dammam, Dahran va Al-Khobar zamonaviy metropoliteni joylashgan.

Iqlim

Makkadagi Ka'ba

Odamlar Saudiya Arabistonini kenglik deb o'ylashga moyil jazirama issiq cho'l neft quduqlari bilan punktuatsiya qilingan va ko'pincha mamlakatning aksariyat qismida ular to'g'ri. Maydan sentyabrgacha mamlakat (asosan janubi-g'arbiy tog'lardan tashqari hamma narsa) o'rtacha 42 ° C haroratda pishiradi va soyada muntazam ravishda 50 ° C dan oshadi. Iyul va avgust oylarida, xususan, mamlakatdan qochib ketadigan va ishlay oladiganlarning hammasi emaklash uchun sekinlashadi. Odatda qirg'oqlar dengizni ozgina mo''tadil qiladi, bu odatda haroratni 38 ° C dan pastroq tutadi, lekin juda namlik (85-100%) narxida, bu ko'pchilik ichki qismning quruq issiqligidan ham noqulayroq, ayniqsa kechasi . Yozgi kurort shahri bilan faqat baland tog'li hududlar salqin bo'lib turadi Taif kamdan-kam hollarda 35 ° C va tog'li tepada Asir mintaqa hali salqinroq.

Qishda esa, bu ajablanarli darajada boshqacha. Dekabr oyida Ar-Riyodda kunduzgi yuqori ko'rsatkichlar o'rtacha 21 ° C ni tashkil qiladi va harorat kechasi osongina noldan pastga tushishi mumkin, ba'zan esa hatto qor janubiy tog'larda. Qish, shuningdek, butun mamlakatga yoki aksariyat qismiga yomg'ir yog'dirishi mumkin, garchi ko'p yillar davomida bu bir yoki ikkita kuchli portlash bilan cheklangan. Bahorning oxiri (aprel va may) mamlakatning katta qismi uchun ham yomg'irli mavsumdir. Janubda esa, bu naqsh teskari bo'lib, may va oktyabr oylari orasida Hind okeanining musson mavsumida ko'p yomg'ir yog'di.

Din

Islom - Saudiya Arabistonining davlat dini. Garchi biron bir qonunda Saudiya Arabistoni fuqarolarining musulmon bo'lishlari talab qilinmasa-da, islomdan tashqari dinlarga jamoat rioya qilish va prozelitizm qilish taqiqlangan va Qur'ondan tashqari yozuvlarni jamoat joylarida namoyish etish noqonuniy hisoblanadi.

Saudiya Arabistonida hech qanday rasmiy cherkovlar mavjud emas. Biroq, ba'zi filippinlik ishchilar ba'zi darvoza jamoalarida cherkovlar borligini xabar berishadi. Saudiya Arabistonidagi xristianlarning oz sonli qismi Internetdagi suhbat xonalarida uchrashadilar va chet ellik nasroniylar ro'yxatdan o'tgandan va pasportlarini ko'rsatgandan so'ng, chet el fuqaroligini tasdiqlash uchun yoki bir nechta elchixonalardan birida o'tkazilgan cherkov yig'ilishlarida yoki darvozabonlar jamoatidagi maktab sport zallarida uchrashishlari mumkin. Aramko maydonchasi. Shuningdek, ular bir-birlarining uylarida xizmatlarni o'tkazishlari mumkin. Niqob saudiyalik ayollar uchun odatiy hol bo'lsa-da, mamlakat tashqarisidagi ayollarga hijob kiyishga ruxsat beriladi.

Namoz vaqtlari

Saudiya Arabistonida hamma narsa besh vaqt namoz bilan tartibga solinadi. Barcha do'konlar va idoralar har bir ibodat paytida kamida 20-30 daqiqa davomida yopiladi va diniy politsiya ba'zi ko'chalarda patrul xizmatini olib boradi va masjidga olib boruvchilarni yig'adi. Biroq, savdo markazlari, shifoxonalar va aeroportlar ochiq qoladi (ammo savdo markazlari ichidagi barcha do'konlar yopiq) va taksilar va boshqa jamoat transportlari normal ishlashda davom etmoqda.

Birinchi ibodat fajr, erta tongda tong otgan birinchi nur porlashi va azon uchun fajr Shohlikda sizning uyg'onishingiz bo'ladi. Keyin fajr, ba'zi odamlar nonushta yeyishadi va do'konlari ochilib, ishga borishadi.

Ikkinchi namoz zuhr, kun o'rtalarida haqiqiy tushdan keyin o'tkazildi. Juma kuni peshin namozi (jumma) haftaning eng muhim kunidir, qachonki musulmonlar hatto kam e'tiborli bo'lsalar ham, masjidga borishga harakat qilishadi. Keyin zuhr, odamlar tushlikka yo'l olishadi, ko'plab do'konlar yopiq turishni va kunning issiqligini uxlab qolishni afzal ko'rishadi.

Asr ibodat kunning ikkinchi yarmida (quyosh botishidan bir yarim-ikki soat oldin), keyin ko'plab do'konlar yana ochiladi. Magrib namozlar quyosh botganda o'qiladi va xususiy sektorning ko'p qismida ish kuni tugaganligini anglatadi. Oxirgi namoz isha'a, quyosh botganidan keyin taxminan 45 minut-1 soat o'tgach, mahalliy aholi kechki ovqatga yo'l oldi. Ekspatatlar orasidagi vaqtni anglatadi magrib va isha'a "ibodat oynasi" sifatida, bu vaqt ichida siz supermarketni urishingiz va o'z vaqtingizda oziq-ovqat mahsulotlarini sotib olishingiz mumkin.

Namoz vaqtlari har yili fasllarga va Shohlikda joylashgan joyingizga qarab o'zgaradi. Kunduzgi ish vaqtini har qanday gazetada topishingiz mumkin va Islom ishlari vazirligi a on-layn vaqt ichida qulay xizmat^{[o'lik havola]}.

Bayramlar

Yaqin Sharqning aksariyat qismi singari dam olish kunlari Saudiya Arabistonida juma va shanba, yakshanba esa normal ish kuni. (2013 yilgacha payshanba va juma kunlari bo'lgan.)

Saudiyaliklarning Islom dinidagi talqini musulmon bo'lmagan bayramlarni muqaddas deb hisoblaydi va Rojdestvo, Yangi yil, Sevishganlar kuni, Xellouin va boshqalarni ommaviy ravishda ta'qiqlash taqiqlanadi. Bayram kunlari faqat uchun beriladi Ramazon hayiti, Ramazon oyi ro'za oxirida, Qurbon hayitiRamazondan 70 kun o'tgach, Ibrohimning o'g'lini qurbon qilishga tayyorligini yodga olib.

Shuningdek, bitta dunyoviy bayram mavjud: Shohlik kunining birlashishi, 23 sentyabr kuni. Rasmiy bayram yoki festival bo'lmasa-da, unga xuddi shunday ta'til beriladi. Darhaqiqat, ko'plab mahalliy yoshlar buni Islom hayitidan ko'ra g'ayrat bilan nishonlaydilar.

Ramazon oyida tashrif buyuruvchilar hech bo'lmaganda jamoat joylarida ro'za oyining cheklanishlariga rioya qilishlari shart: ovqatlanish, ichish yoki chekish taqiqlanadi kunduzgi soat davomida. Ba'zi bir yaxshi mehmonxonalar kunduzi xona xizmatini jimgina etkazib berishlari mumkin, aks holda siz tayyorgarlik ishlarini bajarishingizga to'g'ri keladi. Qirollikdagi barcha restoranlar kun davomida yopiq, ba'zi idoralar soatlab ishlamoqda, ish yuritish tezligi pasayib ketadi. Kechqurun namozdan so'ng, bozordagi barcha restoranlar ochilib, tong otguncha shov-shuvli savdo-sotiq qilishadi. Do'konlarning aksariyati ham ochiq, kechqurun salqinligi xarid qilish uchun yoqimli vaqtni yaratadi. Mehmon bu oqshomlarda yaxshi vaqt o'tkazishi mumkin, ammo mehmonxonangizdagi xonada o'nga yaqin tinch nonushta qilish ko'pchilik mehmonlarga katta tong otishdan oldin Saudiya Arabistonining katta nonushta qilishiga mos keladi.

Chiqinglar

Viza cheklovlari: Fuqarolarga kirish rad etiladi Isroil. Saudiya Arabistoni turizm va milliy meros bo'yicha komissiyasining ma'lumotlariga ko'ra, pasportda Isroil shtampi bo'lishi kimnidir Saudiya Arabistoniga tashrif buyurish huquqidan mahrum qilmaydi. veb-sayt.

"Mening Shohligim faqatgina o'sha erda yashashi mumkin, chunki u kirish qiyin bo'lgan mamlakat bo'lib qoladi, u erda ajnabiy boshqa vazifani bajarmaydi, uning vazifasi bajarilgan, lekin chiqib ketish kerak." - Qirol Abdul Aziz bin Saud, v. 1930 yil

Saudiya Arabistonining viza talablarini aks ettiruvchi xarita, yashil rangdagi mamlakatlar fuqarolari vizasiz kirish huquqiga ega va qizil rangli mamlakatlar eVisa yoki viza olish huquqiga ega.

Kirish talablari

Saudiya Arabistonida ulardan ba'zilari mavjud dunyodagi eng cheklovli sayohat siyosativa oldindan vizalar talab qilinadi kirishni istagan barcha chet elliklar uchun. Yagona muhim istisno - Fors ko'rfazi hamkorlik kengashi davlatlari fuqarolari. Shuningdek, aeroportlar orqali o'n sakkiz soatdan kam vaqt davomida tranzit o'tayotgan chet elliklar viza talablaridan ozod qilinadi, ammo boshqa ko'plab kirish talablari, masalan, kiyinish qoidalari va kuzatuvsiz ayollarga cheklovlar.

Isroil fuqarolari bo'ladi rad etilgan vizalarfaqat o'z-o'zidan yahudiy bo'lish diskvalifikatsiya qiluvchi omil emas. (Shu bilan birga, viza arizasida "Yahudiy" yoki "Ateist" qutilarini belgilab qo'ygan "mehmonlar" haqida anekdot xabarlar mavjud.) Saudiyaliklar kuzatuvsiz ayollarga viza bermaslikni afzal ko'rishadi, ammo ishlash uchun ruxsat ba'zi joylarda keng tarqalgan. - aniq. hamshiralar, o'qituvchilar, xizmatkorlar va agar homiyingiz etarli aloqaga ega bo'lsa, hamma uchun mumkin.

Uzoq kutilgan turistik vizalar 2019 yilda joriy qilingan. Bular bir kirish uchun 90 kungacha qolish imkoniyatini beradigan bir yillik ko'p martalik vizalar. 49 mamlakat fuqarolari mumkin elektron viza olish yoki kelganda viza olish. Bu fuqarolarga tegishli Andorra, Avstraliya, Avstriya, Belgiya, Bruney, Bolgariya, Kanada, Xorvatiya, Kipr, Chex Respublikasi, Daniya, Estoniya, Finlyandiya, Frantsiya, Germaniya, Gretsiya, Gonkong, Vengriya, Islandiya, Irlandiya, Italiya, Yaponiya, Qozog'iston, Latviya, Lixtenshteyn, Litva, Lyuksemburg, Makao, Malayziya, Maltada, Monako, Chernogoriya, Gollandiya, Yangi Zelandiya, Norvegiya, Polsha, Portugaliya, Ruminiya, Rossiya, San-Marino, Singapur, Slovakiya, Sloveniya, Janubiy Koreya, Ispaniya, Shvetsiya, Shveytsariya, Tayvan, Ukraina, Birlashgan Qirollik, va Qo'shma Shtatlar. Ro'yxatda bo'lmaganlar elchixona yoki konsullikka murojaat qilishlari va qo'shimcha hujjatlarni taqdim etishlari kerak: turar joy, ish joyi to'g'risidagi ma'lumot, qaytib kelish chiptasi va bankdan ko'chirma. Viza narxi SR440 (2019). Barcha holatlarda sizning pasportingiz mamlakatga kirishda kamida 6 oylik amal qilish muddatiga ega bo'lishi kerak (AQSh fuqarolari bundan mustasno, olti oygacha ruxsat beriladi) keyin pasportning amal qilish muddati).

Mamlakatga kirishning yana bir oson yo'li bu xalqaro tadbirlar vizasi dan Sharek (inglizcha sahifa variantini o'ng yuqori qismiga qarang). Ba'zi tadbirlar "xalqaro" deb belgilanadi, ya'ni siz chiptalarni va 14 kunlik elektron vizani sotib olishingiz mumkin. Ushbu hodisalar biroz kamdan-kam hollarda bo'lishi mumkin, shuning uchun oldindan rejalashtiring.

Tranzit vizalari ba'zi uzoq masofali yuk mashinalari haydovchilari va samolyotda sayohat qilish bilan cheklangan, ammo odatda bepul beriladi. Ammo Saudiya Arabistoni orqali yurish uchun tranzit vizasini olish, agar siz qonuniy ravishda qo'shni mamlakatda bo'lsangiz va Saudiya Arabistoni orqali boshqa qo'shni davlatga borishingiz zarurligini ko'rsatsangiz.

Haj (haj) vizalari Saudiya hukumati tomonidan Saudiya Arabistonining dunyodagi elchixonalari orqali mahalliy masjidlar bilan hamkorlikda chiqarilgan. Hojilarga va tranzit vizalarida bo'lganlarga qirollik bo'ylab erkin sayohat qilish taqiqlanadi va Haj mavsumida har qanday turdagi vizani olish qiyinroq bo'ladi.

Saudiyaga G'arbga ko'plab qisqa muddatli mehmonlar etib kelishadi biznes vizalari, bu Saudiya Savdo Palatasi tomonidan tasdiqlangan mahalliy homiyning taklifini talab qiladi. Ushbu taklifnoma ta'minlangandan va tasdiqlangandan so'ng, vizani rasmiylashtirish jarayoni nisbatan tez va og'riqsiz bo'lib, bir kundan ikki haftagacha har qanday narsani oladi. So'zda aytilishicha, "yangi vizalar" (elektron shaklda) faqat sizning mamlakatingizdagi agentliklar orqali amalga oshiriladi. Ish vizasini olish ancha murakkab, ammo odatda sizning ish beruvchingiz hujjatlarning ko'p qismini bajaradi.

Viza olganingizda o'yin-kulgi tugamaydi, chunki vizalarda ularning amal qilish muddati aniq ko'rsatilmagan. Haqiqiyligi bir necha oy ichida qayd etilgan bo'lsa-da, bu Rimning quyosh oylari emas, balki arablardir qamariy oylarva siz muddatni aniqlash uchun Islom taqvimidan foydalanishingiz kerak: "29.02.222" da rasmiylashtirilgan uch oylik viza (22 Safar 1429, 1 mart 2008 yil) 29/05/22 (22 Jumada al-) gacha amal qiladi. Avgust 1429, 2008 yil 28-may), emas 2008 yil 1 iyungacha. Viza turiga qarab, amal qilish muddati berilgan kundan boshlab boshlanishi mumkin yoki birinchi kirish sanasi va ko'p martalik vizalar, shuningdek, amal qilish muddati davomida bir necha kunga ruxsat beriladi (odatda tashrif buyurish uchun 28 kun) va / yoki jami necha kunga ruxsat berilishi bilan bog'liq cheklovlarga ega bo'lishi mumkin. Bularning barchasi hayratlanarli chalkashliklarga olib keladi va turli xil javoblarni elchixonadan, ish beruvchingizdan va Immigratsiyadan olish odatiy holdir.

Agar sizda ishchi vizangiz bo'lsa, mamlakatni tark etish uchun chiqish vizalari talab qilinadi. (Ishbilarmonlik, sayyohlik, tranzit yoki Haj vizalari chiqish uchun ruxsatnomalarni talab qilmaydi.) Siz ish beruvchingiz imzosiz chiqib ketish vizasini ololmaysiz va ish beruvchilar yoki hatto mijozlar bilan tortishuvlar tufayli chiqib ketolmaydigan holatlar bo'lgan. Masalan, agar qarzlarni to'lamaganligi uchun xorijiy kompaniya Saudiyada sudga berilsa va siz uning vakili deb hisoblansangiz, sud ishi tugamaguncha chiqish vizasi rad etilishi mumkin.

Saudiya Arabistonida mavjud juda qattiq olib kirilishi mumkin bo'lgan qoidalar: alkogolli ichimliklar, cho'chqa go'shti, sunniy bo'lmagan islomiy materiallar va pornografiya (juda keng ta'riflangan) taqiqlanadi. Kompyuterlar, videokameralar va DVD-lar vaqti-vaqti bilan rasmiylar tomonidan tekshirilishi uchun olib qo'yilgan. Agar siz tomosha qilayotgan filmingiz yoki o'ynagan video o'yiningiz islomga zid deb hisoblanishiga ishonchingiz komil bo'lmasa, u shunday deb taxmin qiling: ehtimol shohlikka o'zingiz bilan olib kelmaganingiz ma'qul. Umuman olganda, umuman, tekshiruvlar avvalgidek puxta emas va sumkalar hali ham rentgen qilingan bo'lsa-da, daqiqali qidiruv qoidalar o'rniga istisno hisoblanadi. To'g'ri tranzit vizasi bilan harakatlanayotgan g'arbiy oilalar, odatda, bojxona tekshiruvidan o'tayotganday qarashadi.

	OGOHLANTIRISH: Giyohvand moddalar savdosi Saudiya Arabistonida noqonuniy hisoblanadi va o'lim yoki qamchi bilan jazolanadi. Saudiya Arabistoni rasmiylari nolga chidamliligini amalda qo'llashadi va alkogol va yumshoq yoki qattiq giyohvand moddalar o'rtasida farq qilmaydi.
	Hukumatning sayohat bo'yicha maslahatlari Kanada
	(Axborot oxirgi marta 2020 yil sentyabr oyida yangilangan)

Samolyotda

Saudiya Arabistonida 4 ta xalqaro aeroport mavjud Ar-Riyod, Jidda, Madinava Dammam . Dahrandagi aeroport endi fuqarolar harakati uchun yopiq, shuning uchun Sharqiy mintaqaga yo'lovchilar Dammamga yoki yaqin atrofga uchib ketishadi. Bahrayn (bu juda yaxshi bog'langan) va keyin Saudiya Arabistoniga mashinada o'ting.

Saudiya Arabistoniga milliy aviakompaniya xizmat ko'rsatmoqda Saudiya. Saudiya xavfsizligi bo'yicha o'rtacha ko'rsatkichlarga ega, ammo ularning ko'pgina samolyotlari eski tomonda va xizmat ko'rsatish sifati, inflyatsion o'yin-kulgilar va boshqalar past tendentsiyaga ega. Fors ko'rfazidagi deyarli barcha aviakompaniyalar va Evropaning eng yirik aviakompaniyalari Saudiyaga uchib ketishadi.

Haj paytida ko'plab charter reyslari rejalashtirilgan aviakompaniyalarni to'ldiradi. Saudiya Arabistonida yashovchi chet elliklar Haj paytida tashqi reyslarda shov-shuvli chegirmalarni olishlari mumkin. Musulmon mamlakatlaridan kelgan aviakompaniyalar ko'plab ziyoratchilar ichida uchmoqdalar va bo'sh qaytishni istamaydilar.

Avtobusda

SAPTCO Saudiya Arabistonining ko'plab qo'shnilariga va undan tashqariga transchegaraviy avtobus qatnovlarini amalga oshiradi, masalan. Qohira. Ehtimol, eng mashhur xizmat Dammam / Khobar va Manama, Bahrayn. Har kuni SR60 yoki 6 ta Bahrayniy dinori evaziga bir nechta xizmatlar mavjud va qirol Fahd Causeway bo'ylab sayohat yaxshi kunlarda 3 soat davom etadi; qarang Bahrayn tafsilotlar uchun.

Mashinada

Avtoulov o'tish joylari deyarli barcha chegaralarda mavjud, ammo Iroq ichkarisidagi yo'llar yopiq. Bahrayn, Qatar va Birlashgan Arab Amirliklarining sharqiy o'tish yo'llari juda ko'p ishlatiladi, qolganlari esa kamroq.

Poyezdda

Saudiya Arabistonini boshqa davlatlar bilan bog'laydigan temir yo'llar mavjud emas, garchi Shimoliy, Hijoz temir yo'lining bir vaqtlar olib borgan qismlari va qismlarini hali ham topishingiz mumkin Damashq. Biroq, Saudiya temir yo'l xizmati (SAR) o'rtasida yo'lovchilarga xizmat ko'rsatishni boshladi Ar-Riyod va Qassim 2017 yilda va bugungi kunda temir yo'l xizmati Al-Majma'ah, Qassim, Hail & Aljoufga kuniga ikki marotaba xizmat ko'rsatmoqda. Shuningdek, u xizmat qilishi kutilmoqda Qurayyat yonida Iordaniya 2021 yilda chegara.

Qayiqda

Misr va Sudandan Saudiya Arabistonining g'arbiy qismidagi portlarga yo'lovchi paromlari haftada bir marta yoki undan kamroq qatnovni amalga oshiradi. (Eritreya xizmati ishlamay qoldi.) Sekin, noqulay va unchalik ham arzon emas, bu avvalambor sizning mashinangizni olib o'tishingiz kerak bo'lsa, qiziqish uyg'otadi. G'arbliklarning norasmiy taqiqlari hanuzgacha amal qilishi mumkin.

Atrofga boring

Tuyalar Janadriyah festival - endi uzoq masofali transport vositasi bo'la olmaydi

Ichki sayohat uchun ruxsatnomalar o'tmishda qoldi, shuning uchun Saudiya Arabistoniga kirib olganingizdan so'ng, mamlakat sizning istiridyangiz bo'ladi. Ammo uchta istisno mavjud:

• Mamlakat bo'ylab ko'plab arxeologik joylar, masalan. Madain Saleh, ruxsatnomalarni talab qilish. Milliy muzey Ar-Riyod ularni bepul chiqaradi, ammo siz kamida bir hafta oldin murojaat qilishingiz kerak.
• Atrof Makka va Madina musulmon bo'lmaganlar uchun taqiqlangan; aksincha, yoqilganlar Haj vizalar hududidan chiqib ketish taqiqlanadi (va Jidda kabi tranzit punktlari). Chetlatish zonasi yaxshi ko'rsatilgan.
• Ba'zi chekka hududlar, xususan Iroq va Yaman chegaralari atrofida, cheklangan harbiy zonalar mavjud. Siz ularga tasodifan qoqilib ketishingiz ehtimoldan yiroq emas.

Samolyotda

Saudiya Arabistoni katta mamlakat bo'lib, u parvozni uzoq masofalarga sayohat qilishning yagona qulay vositasiga aylantiradi. Saudiya davlat aviatashuvchisi eng yaxshi jadvallarga ega, Riyod-Jidda gavjum sektorida soatiga yaqin reyslar (90 min) va bir martalik yurish narxi o'rtacha 280 Saudiya riyali (SR) (yoki taxminan 75 AQSh dollari) turadi. Arzon narxlardagi raqobatchi Nos oldindan buyurtma bersangiz, hatto arzonroq bo'lishi mumkin, ammo ularning jadvallari kamroq, o'zgarishlar sizga pul sarflaydi va bortda ovqat yo'q.

Avtobusda

Standart chiqarilgan SAPTCO avtobusi

The Saudiya Arabistoni jamoat transporti kompaniyasi (SAPTCO) mamlakatning barcha burchaklarini bir-biriga bog'laydigan shaharlararo avtobuslarni boshqaradi. Avtobuslar zamonaviy, konditsioner va qulay, lekin tez-tez sekin, avtovokzallar esa shahar markazidan bir necha kilometr uzoqlikda emas. Masalan, Riyod-Dammam xizmati SR60 turadi va 6 soat davom etadi.

Maxsus "VIP" xizmatlari Ar-Riyod-Dammam va Ar-Riyod-Bahrayn sektorlarida ishlaydi. Taxminan 50% qo'shimcha haq evaziga siz to'g'ridan-to'g'ri to'xtovsiz shahar markazidan shaharga xizmatlarni, ortiqcha joylarni va bortda ovqatlanishni olasiz. Agar juda kam jadvallar sizning rejalaringizga mos keladigan bo'lsa, ular juda yaxshi qiymatga ega.

Poyezdda

Saudiya poyezdidagi birinchi sinf

Ilgari Saudiya Arabistonida temir yo'l tarmog'i rivojlanmagan edi, ammo temir yo'l qamrovini kengaytirish uchun katta urinishlar bo'ldi. Oradan o'tgan eski chiziq Ar-Riyod, Al-Hofuf va Dammam oralig'idagi yangi shimoliy-janubiy chiziq bilan to'ldirildi Ar-Riyod, Burayda va Al Qurayyat yaqinida Iordaniya chegara. 2018 yilda yangi yuqori tezlikda bog'lanish, Haramain tezyurar temir yo'l, bog'lovchi Jidda ning muqaddas shaharlari bilan Makka (45 min) va Madina (2 soat), ochildi.

Shubhasiz, har bir temir yo'lni boshqa kompaniya boshqaradi. Ar-Riyod va Damman o'rtasidagi klassik chiziq boshqariladi Saudiya temir yo'llari tashkiloti esa Saudiya temir yo'l kompaniyasi shimoliy-janub temir yo'lini boshqaradi. Haramain tezyurar temir yo'l o'z veb-saytida ishlaydi. Onlayn chiptalar barcha xizmatlar uchun mavjud. Poezdlar tez-tez sotilib ketishi sababli chiptalarni oldindan sotib olish maqsadga muvofiqdir.

Bu yo'lovchi tashish xizmatlari ikkinchi darajali va biznes-klasslarni taklif etadigan, teridan tikilgan yumshoq o'rindiqlar va 2 1 o'rinli juda yuqori standartdir. Ar-Riyod va Damman o'rtasidagi poezdlarda biznes-klass ekstravaqant bo'lib, unchalik katta bo'lmagan sinfga ega, chunki u boshqa xizmatlardagi biznes bilan taqqoslaganda "Rehab" deb nomlangan. Shimol-janub xizmatlari uchun shaxsiy shpal kabinalari ham yuqori narxda mavjud. Deyarli barcha poezdlarda ichimliklar va gazaklar bilan ta'minlanadigan kafeterya vagonlari, shuningdek push-trolley xizmati mavjud va stantsiyalarda kutish joylari silliq. Shuningdek, ehtiyot bo'lingki, aksariyat vagonlar har bir vagonning old qismida oldinga qarab o'tiradigan joylarni oilalar uchun saqlab qo'yishadi.

Mashinada

Avtomobillarni ijaraga olish mumkin va benzin dunyodagi eng arzon narxlardan biridir. Magistral yo'llar juda o'zgaruvchan, katta shaharlarni birlashtiradigan magistrallardan tashqari, umuman olganda juda yaxshi. Biroq, avtomobillarni ijaraga olish to'g'risida ikki marta o'ylash uchun muhim sabablar mavjud. Mamlakatda ulardan ba'zilari mavjud baxtsiz hodisalarning eng yuqori ko'rsatkichlari dunyoda. Baxtsiz hodisalar tez-tez uchraydi va agar tashrif buyuruvchilar bunga aralashsa, ular juda jazolaydigan Saudiya qonun tizimiga duch kelishadi; bu haqda ogohlantirishlar uchun ushbu sahifaning boshqa joylarini ko'ring. Shuni ham yodda tutingki, xorijlik va Saudiya fuqarosi ishtirokidagi har qanday baxtsiz hodisa kimning aybi ekanligidan qat'iy nazar, Saudiya qonunchiligiga binoan avtomatik ravishda chet elliklarning aybi deb hisoblanadi. Avtomobillarni ijaraga olish 21 va undan katta yoshdagilar uchun cheklangan.

Agar siz avtohalokatga uchragan bo'lsangiz, barcha tomonlar turgan joylarida turishlari va yo'l harakati politsiyasining (993 raqamiga qo'ng'iroq qilishlari) kutishini kutishlari kerak, bu to'rt soat davom etishi mumkin. Hatto katta shaharlarda ham politsiya ingliz tilida gaplashishi ehtimoldan yiroq emas, shuning uchun kutish vaqtidan tarjimonni kelishib olishga harakat qiling. Politsiya baxtsiz hodisalar to'g'risida xabar beradi, siz uni yo'l harakati xavfsizligi bo'limiga olib borishingiz va uni turli xil navbatlarda bir necha marta muhrlashingiz kerak (bu ertalabning ko'p vaqtini oladi). Shundan keyingina avtomobilga etkazilgan har qanday zararni tiklash mumkin, chunki sug'urta kompaniyalari ushbu hisobotsiz tanadagi har qanday ish uchun pul to'lamaydilar.

Yo'l harakati xavfsizligi politsiyasi voqeani u erda va keyin aybdor tomonni aniqlash va tovon puli bilan hal qilish uchun odatiy hol emas. Shunday qilib, sizning aybingiz bo'lsa, politsiya sizdan boshqa tomonga pul to'lashingizni so'raydi, lekin siz bunga majbur emassiz.

Ma'lumki, Saudiya Arabistoni ayollarni jamoat yo'llarida haydashni taqiqlab qo'ygan. Biroq, qonun 2018 yil iyun oyida o'zgardi va endi ayollar o'zlarining erkak vasiylaridan ruxsat olgan holda ham qirollikda haydashga ruxsat berishdi.

Taksida

Shahar ichida taksilar transportning yagona amaliy vositasidir. Mamlakat bo'ylab standartlashtirilgan hisoblangan tariflar SR5 dan boshlanadi va SR1.60 / km dan ko'tariladi, ammo Ar-Riyoddan tashqarida sizga tez-tez kerak bo'ladi haggle oldindan narx. Yakkaxon yo'lovchilar haydovchining yonida o'tirishlari kutilmoqda: buning afzalliklari shundaki, havo o'tkazgichning to'liq portlashi yonida bo'ladi va yo'lni ko'rsatish uchun qo'l silkitishni osonlashtiradi.

Saudiya Arabistonida minib chiqish mumkin va quyidagilar eng kutilgan provayderlardir:

• Bolt. Dammam, Jazon, Jidda, Medina va Riyodda ishlaydi. (yangilangan Iyul 2020)
• Uber. Ar-Riyodda ishlaydi. (yangilangan Iyul 2020)

Gapir

Asosiy maqola: Arabcha so'zlashuv kitobi

Arabcha - Qirollikning rasmiy tili. Mamlakat bo'ylab ko'plab dialektlar mavjud, ammo eng muhimi Arabcha xijoziy, dan kelib chiqqan Hijoz Jidda va samarali tilshunoslik atrofida va Najdi arabcha, ichida aytilgan Nejd Ar-Riyod atrofida.

Ko'p odamlar ingliz tilini tushunishadi va gapirishadi, garchi, masalan, BAA yoki Qatarga qaraganda unchalik yaxshi emas. Hind, Urduva Bengal tili bozorlarda va sub-qit'adagi chet elliklar tomonidan keng qo'llaniladi. Makka bozorlarida barcha asosiy tillarda gaplashiladi. Muhim narsa bor Tagalogcha- chet ellik ozchilikni ham gapirish.

Deyarli barcha yo'l belgilari ingliz va arab tillarida, ammo tezlikni cheklash belgilarining aksariyat qismida faqat arab raqamlari ishlatiladi.

Qarang

Eski Jidda

• Saudiya Arabistonidagi eng taniqli saytlar, ehtimol, Islomning ikki muqaddas shahri; Makka va Madina. Ammo bu shaharlarga musulmon bo'lmaganlar kirishi taqiqlangan.
• Mamlakatda beshta YuNESKOning Butunjahon merosi ob'ektlari mavjud. Ularga Al-Hijr arxeologik joyi (Madin Solih) kiradi Hijoz va At-Turayf tumani Diriya.
• Eski shahar Jidda.
• Poytaxtidagi eski va ultra zamonaviy arxitektura Ar-Riyod.
• Butun sahro - Arabiston cho'llari mamlakatning katta qismini tashkil etadi.

Sotib oling

Pul

Saudiya valyutasi bu Saudiya riyoli, "belgisi bilan belgilanadiRyاl"yoki"SR"(ISO kodi: SAR) AQSh dollariga nisbatan 3,75 rial miqdorida belgilangan. Riyal 100 ga bo'lingan halolalar, qaysi narxlar belgilash uchun ishlatiladi, lekin amalda barcha to'lovlar eng yaqin rialga yaxlitlanadi va ehtimol siz hech qachon halol tangalarni ko'rmaysiz. Veksellar 1, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200 va 500 rial qiymatida, muomalada ikki xil seriya bilan keladi.

Riyal, shuningdek, Bahrayn dinariga 10: 1 nisbatida bog'langan. Agar siz Bahraynga sayohat qilishni o'ylayotgan bo'lsangiz, Bahrayndagi deyarli barcha korxonalar riyalni qabul qilishadi, ammo Saudiya Arabistonida dinor bu qadar oson konvertatsiya qilinmaydi.

Saudiya Arabistoni hali ham asosan naqd pul jamiyati. Kattaroq korxonalar barcha kartalarni qabul qiladilar, ammo aksariyat kichik korxonalar debet va kredit kartalarini qabul qiladilar, ammo ba'zilari bu miqdor oz bo'lsa, rad etadilar. Bankomatlar hamma joyda mavjud, garchi ko'plab kichik banklar chet el kartalarini qabul qilmasa ham; Samba, SABB va ANB, ehtimol sizning eng yaxshi garovingizdir. Pulni almashtiradiganlarni duxovkalarda topish mumkin, ammo boshqa joylarda kamdan-kam uchraydi. Chet el valyutalari odatda savdogarlar tomonidan qabul qilinmaydi.

Xarajatlar

Narxlar odatda ancha yuqori: byudjet, o'rta darajadagi va serqatnov darajadagi kunlik sayohat xarajatlari uchun 50/100/200 AQSh dollar.

Xizmat ko'rsatuvchi xodimlar har doim ularni qabul qilishdan mamnun bo'lishlariga qaramay, taksilar narxi tez-tez yaxlitlanadi (yoki kamdan-kam hollarda). Qimmatbaho restoranlarda tez-tez 10% xizmat haqi to'lanadi, garchi sust ishlayotganligi sababli ko'plab ish beruvchilar uni shunchaki zo'rlab olishadi (ofitsiantlaringizdan birortasini oladimi yoki yo'qligini so'rang). Saudiyada savdo soliqlari yo'q va shu sababli daromad solig'i ham yo'q.

Nima sotib olish kerak

Bir nechta mahalliy mahsulotlar sayyohlarni qiziqtiradi. Mahalliy sharoitda etishtirilgan xurmo yuqori sifatli va diniy atributlar keng tarqalgan, ammo deyarli eksport qilingan. Qur'on nusxalari juda ko'p nashrlarda tayyorlanadi va juda arzon narxlarda sotiladi. Zam zam water is available throughout the Western Region and at all airports.

Carpets are a favorite purchase, most of these coming from nearby Iran. Jidda in particular has lots of carpets, many brought by pilgrims who sell them there to help finance their trip to Makkah.

Large gold and jewelry markets are prominent in all major cities. Bargaining is a norm in most small to medium-sized stores. Makkah and Madinah offer a lot of variety in terms of luggage, clothing, jewelry, knick-knacks, souvenirs, toys, food, perfume, incense, and religious literature, audio and paraphernalia.

Large, well maintained air-conditioned malls and grocery stores (e.g. Safeway, Geant, Karrefur) are scattered throughout the kingdom.

Qil

Entertainment in Saudi Arabia is very family-oriented. There are few activities for just couples or singles. Single men are not allowed in family areas: family beaches are partitioned from the bachelor beaches, for example. Women are expected to be accompanied by a male relative in public, although single women may be admitted into family areas.

Desert excursions are particularly popular with the native Arabs. There are few desert dune bashing tour operators, if any, but ATV rentals are often found along the roadside on the outskirts of major cities and expats often arrange convoy trips into the desert. The Empty Quarter has the most stunning scenery, and requires the most preparation.

The red sand dunes outside Riyadh.

Akvalang yordamida suv ostida suzish is popular on Saudi Arabia's Red Sea coast. Jidda has a number of dive operators.

O'yin-kulgi bog'lari (many of them indoor) are often found near malls or beaches. Many large cities have public parks and small zoos. Horseback riding, camel riding, etc. are also available at horse-racing tracks and some popular beaches. Many upscale hotels provide light activities (especially hotels along the beaches).

After more than 30 years of near-total prohibition, movie theaters have begun opening again in the kingdom, most popular being VOX Cinemas va AMC Cinemas. In addition, DVD shops abound, although the selections are often tame and/or censored. DVDs in Saudi Arabia are invariably Region 2, though bootleg DVDs (which are widely available in smaller video shops) are usually region-free, and often uncensored as well. Satellite TV and downloading entertainment from the Internet is thus very popular.

Video games are an eternal obsession of Saudi youth, and one which is capitalized upon rather well by local retailers. Video game shops are ubiquitous in all of the major cities. Authentic games are offered by most of the larger stores, as US or European imports for an average of ~SR270 (~US$70), while the smaller ones usually only offer bootlegs (which are illegal, but still lucrative enough that almost all sell them) at very low prices of SR10-15 ($2.5-$4). Wii and Xbox 360 bootlegs reign supreme, but certain stores offer Nintendo DS and PSP games as well, downloaded to a customer's removable media on request.

Yemoq

Eating is one of the few pleasures permitted in Saudi Arabia, and the obesity statistics show that most Saudis indulge as much as they can. Unlike other businesses which kick out their customers at prayer time, most restaurants will let diners hang around and eat behind closed doors through the prayer period. New customers are generally not allowed to enter until after prayer is over.

Because Saudi Arabia is an Islamic country, pork is definitely taboo. Anyone who brings pork or eats it in the kingdom will be punished with fines and a jail sentence.

Tez tayyorlanadigan ovqat

Tez tayyorlanadigan ovqat is a huge business in Saudi Arabia, with all the usual suspects (McDonald's, Burger King, Pizza Hut, Subway) and not a few chains that rarely venture outside America elsewhere (e.g. Hardee's, Little Caesars). Meals invariably served with fries and Coke cost SR10-20. Some local imitators worth checking out include:

Al Baik roast chicken meal

• Al-Baik - fried chicken- in Jeddah, Mecca, Medina and Taif but not Riyadh
• Baak - Pizza (thin crust and quite good), fried chicken, lasagna, sandwiches
• ^{[o'lik havola]}Kudu. Saudi sandwich chain, founded in 1988. 
• Herfy Burger. Biggest fast food chain in the country, 100% Saudi-owned. 
• Hamburgini. Popular Saudi-owned Burger chain.
• House of Donuts - "The Finest American Pastries" - a chain started by Saudi students who studied in America
• Taza
• Abo Zaed saudi traditional food
• Jan Burger

Cheaper yet are the countless curry shops run by and for Saudi Arabia's large Indian, Pakistani, and Bangladeshi community, which serve up large thali platters of subcontinental fare for under SR10. Just don't expect frills like air-conditioning.

Local cuisine

Shuningdek qarang: Yaqin Sharq oshxonasi

The Middle Eastern staple of shwarma (doner kebab) is widely available in dedicated little joints, with SR 3-4 being the standard price for a sandwich. The Egyptian mashed fava bean stew foul is another cheap staple, and these shops usually also offer felafel (chickpea balls) and a range of salads and dips like hummus (chickpea paste) and tabbouleh (parsley salad).

Finding restaurants that serve actual Saudi cuisine is surprisingly difficult, although many larger hotels have Arabic restaurants. Your local Saudi or expatriate host may be able to show you some places or, if you're really lucky, an invitation to dinner at home.

• Mandi — Chicken or mutton cooked with rice in a pot suspended above a fire. Most popular in the south near the Yemeni chegara.
• Kabsa — the national dish of Saudi Arabia, made with basmati rice, meat, vegetables and spices.

Ichish

With alcohol, nightclubs, playing music in public and mingling with unrelated people of the opposite sex all banned, it's fair to say that nobody comes to Saudi Arabia for the nightlife.

Qahvaxonalar

Pretty much the only form of entertainment for bachelors is the ubiquitous coffee shop, which serve not only coffee and tea, but water pipes (shisha) with flavoured tobacco. These are strictly a male domain. In a government effort to minimize smoking in major cities like Jeddah and Riyadh, establishments that offer shisha are either banished to the outskirts of towns, or offer exclusive outdoor seating arrangements.

If, on the other hand, you're looking for a hazelnut frappucino, Starbucks and its legion competitors have established a firm foothold in the Kingdom's malls. These usually welcome women, although 2008 saw several arrests of unmarried couples "mingling".

As for the coffee (kahwa) itself, try mirra, made in the Bedouin style. Sometimes spiced with cardamom, it's strong and tastes great, particularly drunk with fresh dates. Tea (choy) usually comes with dollops of sugar and perhaps a few mint leaves (na'ana).

Spirtli ichimliklar

Alcoholic beverages are strictly forbidden throughout the country, although the police generally turn a blind eye to goings-on inside compounds for foreign expats, where homebrew wine is common. However, if they catch people involved in smuggling or distilling booze in quantity, then expat or not, Saudi law applies. A foreigner may not get the sentence a local would, but can expect a few days or weeks jail, public flogging, and deportation.

There is a local white lightning known among foreigners as "siddiqui" (Arabic for friend) or just as "sid". This is generally horrible-tasting and very potent. In addition to the obvious legal risk, there is a risk of inexpert distilling making it downright poisonous. The stuff is emphatically to be avoided.

Do not drink and drive is good advice anywhere, but especially in Saudi Arabia. If you have an accident, or otherwise attract police attention, the consequences might be serious indeed.

Soft drinks

In Saudi, this non-alcoholic apple-flavored Bud's for you

As elsewhere in the Gulf, Saudis are big fans of various fruit juices, ranging from the ordinary (apple, orange) to the downright bizarre (banana-lemon-milk-walnut, anyone?).

Non-alcoholic versions of alcoholic drinks are popular. Two of the most common are Saudi champagne, basically apple juice and Sprite or soda water, and malt beverages, i.e. non-alcoholic beer, always sweet and often strongly flavored with mango, strawberry, apple, lemon etc. essences.

Uyqu

Hotels of all types are available throughout the Kingdom. Most tourist cities (i.e. Makkah, Madinah, Taif, Al Abha) will also have very affordable and spacious shigka-maafroosha (short-term furnished rental apartments). Shigka-maafroosha owners generally loiter in hotel lobbies. Often, they will approach civilized-looking people (generally families) and make an offer. Prices for shigka-mafrooshas and small hotels are always negotiable to a great degree. Smaller hotels will only accept cash, normally in advance.

Larger, more expensive hotels are abundant in all major cities. After the lull caused by the insurgency in 2003, prices have been rising again, and you can expect to pay north of US$200 for a weekday night at a good hotel in any of the big Saudi cities. In exchange, you usually get excellent service and the ability to work around some restrictions (e.g. restaurants that stay open through prayer hours and daytime room service during Ramadan).

Sog'lom bo'ling

There are no major health risks for traveling in Saudi Arabia: water is generally drinkable and food is usually, but not always, hygienic. No vaccinations are required for general travel to the Kingdom, but for pilgrims joining the Hajj and its extraordinary concentrations of pilgrims from all corners of the globe, a comprehensive series of vaccinations is required as a condition for entry. Ga qarang Haj article for details.

Chekish is the one sin that clerics haven't got around to banning yet, and consequently everybody smokes everywhere: hotel lobbies, airport lounges, shopping mall food courts, drivers in their taxis, etc. If this is a problem, be sure to request non-smoking rooms in hotels.

The Kingdom has a wide-reaching national health-care system, but the services provided by this program are quite basic. Private hospitals are often run with the participation of foreign partners. These facilities range from fairly rudimentary to very advanced and very expensive. Pharmacies are widely available and prescriptions are not required for most medications. Psychoactive medications are tightly controlled and available only through government pharmacies.

Müslüm suvi

Müslüm suvi in the major cities is generally considered safe, although it's not always particularly tasty, and in the summer can be very hot. In the winter floodwater can seep into tanks, with an estimated 70% of storage in Jeddah affected by major flooding in January 2011 and some cases of dysentery reported.

Bottled water is readily available and cheap at SR2 or less for a 1.5 litre bottle, so many visitors and residents choose to play it safe. Many residents prefer to buy drinking water from purification stations.

Ish

There are quite a few jobs for expatriates in Saudi Arabia. While the pay is good, foreigners often find that the strictly Muslim society and the near-total lack of employees' rights makes the country a most difficult place to work and live.

To get a working visa, you must have a Saudi sponsor. Then to get an exit visa, you need your sponsor's signature. This can lead to major problems. ESL teachers can find work in Saudi Arabia with a Bachelor`s Degree and a TESOL certification. ESL teachers in Saudi Arabia can expect to earn 8,000 - 13,000 SR (monthly) and will usually teach 20 – 30 hours in a week. Contracts will usually include accommodations, airfare, and health care. Preference is usually given to male teachers, and previous ESL work experience may be required.

Xavfsiz bo'ling

Saudi Arabia has one of the lowest crime rates in the world, even though petty crimes like pickpocketing and purse snatching exist. The Saudi justice system is notoriously harsh and gives no leeway to non-Saudis, and embassies can provide only limited help in these situations.

The biggest danger a visitor to Saudi Arabia faces is dangerous driving. Drivers typically tend to attack their art with an equal mix of aggressiveness and incompetence.

A low-level insurgency which targets foreigners in general and Westerners in particular continues to simmer. The wave of violence in 2003-2004 has been squashed by a brutal crackdown by Saudi security forces and there have been no major attacks in the cities for several years, security remains tight and it is prudent not to draw too much attention to yourself. Foreigners should register their presence with their embassy or consulate. Emergency alert systems using e-mail and cell phone messages are maintained by many governments for their guest workers.

Four French tourists, part of a larger group that had been camping in the desert, were shot and killed by terrorists near Madain Saleh in early 2007. Due to this, mandatory police escorts — which can be an interesting experience, but can also be annoying, restrictive hassles — are sometimes provided for travel outside major cities, in areas like Abha, Najran and Madain Saleh.

Saudi society endeavours to keep men and women separate, but sexual harassment — leers, jeers and even being followed — is depressingly common. Raising a ruckus or simply loudly asking the harasser anta Muslim? ("are you Muslim?") will usually suffice to scare them off. Women should keep in mind that under Saudi law, four independent male witnesses are required to testify in order for someone to be convicted of rape. Failure to produce the four male witnesses will result in the woman being found guilty of pre-marital sex or adultery (which are crimes under Saudi law) instead.

LGBT activities are illegal in Saudi Arabia, and they are punishable by death. See also the paragraph 'Hurmat' below.

Due to Saudi Arabia's involvement in the war against Houthi rebels in Yemen, there are occasional ballistic missile attacks against major Saudi cities and infrastructure. Follow the instructions of civil defense/emergency personnel if such attacks occur.

Hurmat

Think before you act

Visitors to Saudi Arabia are required to respect local conventions, in particular regarding Islam. While first-timers in Saudi Arabia are often regaled with tales of beheadings, amputations and whippings, the full harshness of Saudi law is reserved for the likes of drug smugglers. With a modicum of common sense you'll be just fine, and should a visitor accidentally cause some minor offense, the reaction will generally be amusement rather than anger.

Law and morality

The really important rules to beware of are enshrined in written Saudi law, with criminals subject to the full strength of the infamous Saudi penal system. In addition to obvious crimes like murder (punishable by beheading) and theft (amputation of the hand for repeat offenders), acts considered serious crimes include adultery, homosexual activity and possession of alcohol or drugs.

In practice, though, most visitors will be primarily concerned with the code of morality, involving things like women not covering up properly, not observing prayer or (during Ramadan) fasting times, etc. These rules are enforced by the infamous muttawa (pl. mutawain), the zealous volunteers of the religious police formally known as the Committee for the Propagation of Virtue and the Prevention of Vice. Confusingly, the exact rules and their enforcement vary greatly both with time and from region to region, with the Nejd region around Riyadh being the most strict, the Sharqiy viloyat being the least strict, and the Hejaz around Jeddah being somewhere in the middle. However, 99% of the time, encounters with the muttawa (especially for non-Muslims) simply result in verbal warnings. The muttawa qil have the power to detain those suspected of un-Islamic conduct. Although, in theory, the muttawa must hand a detainee over to the police before interrogation, and cannot implement judicial punishments like whipping without a trial, reports of abuse and even deaths in muttawa custody are still alarmingly common.

Areas off-limits to the mutawwas

Surprisingly, certain areas are known to be "off-limits" to the mutawwas. These include the following:

1. the Diplomatic Quarter (in Riyadh)
2. the beach resort compounds north of Jeddah
3. the premises of Saudi Aramco (in the eastern province)
4. shahri Qatif in the eastern province
5. expat compounds generally

Generally, the Mutawwa rarely enter hotels, if ever. This does not mean that one should flout Saudi social mores with impunity in such places, but the restrictions on mixing of genders and, in some areas, the dress-code are much looser.

Sex segregation

No women at the hotel gym

Many (perhaps most) areas of life in Saudi Arabia are segregated by sex to ensure that unrelated men and women have no possibility of "mingling" (khulwa, a punishable crime). Under the rules of segregation, all people are divided into three groups:

• Families. The basic unit of Saudi life, families consist of women accompanied by their mahrams (legal male guardians) — father, brother, husband, uncle, nephew — and children.
• Single men (bachelors). Men not accompanied by their families. Despite common use of the word "bachelor", it is irrelevant whether the man is married or not; a husband will dine in the bachelor section at lunch when he is alone and in the family section at dinner when he is with his wife. Bu against the law to be accompanied anywhere by a woman who is not your wife or a family member, and religious police pay particular attention to interracial couples.
• Single women. Women not accompanied by their families. This is by far the most restricted group. Most of the facilities for families will admit single women, but they are hech qachon supposed to be allowed in the men's section, and are subject to uncomfortable stares when they are: it is against the law to be accompanied anywhere by a man who is not your husband or a family member (except a hired driver or a taxi driver). The punishment will be worse for the man than for the woman. While the man is forced to sign a written oath not to repeat the offense and may be subject to lashing or prison, women are generally "returned" to their families, with a male family member signing on her behalf. The cultural value placed on "modesty" and "honor" makes the religious police reluctant to openly "out" an offending female and they will try to sweep the problem under the carpet, unless in more "egregious" cases.

Typical examples of segregation include:

As of 2021, there are signs that segregation is being phased out as part of the reforms being implemented by the government, as most restaurants nowadays are mixed and do not have separate seating areas for both sexes.

Erkaklar

Locals almost universally wear a thobe (white robe with sleeves) with a ghutra (headdress), but the standard dress code for foreign men in Saudi Arabia is long trousers and a long-sleeved shirt. Short-sleeved shirts are unusual, although T-shirts are increasingly common among rebellious youth, while shorts are rarely seen outside the gym or beach.

Men with long hair might want to consider a cut before entering the kingdom; although shoulder-length locks can be considered reasonable, anything longer can be considered as grounds for ejection from shopping malls and public places by the muttawa.

Homosexuality is (in theory) punishable by death, but in practice this is almost never applied, except in cases of rape or child abuse. It is common for Saudi men to walk hand in hand as a sign of friendship (or more), but it would be unwise for foreign men to attempt the same. Sharing a hotel room as a way of cutting costs is normal, but don't even think about asking for one bed for two. That said, homosexuality still happens, only discreetly, and it's not uncommon for a foreign man to be approached by an amorous, young unmarried Saudi.

Ayollar

Women, be they local or foreign, are all required to wear an abaya, a long and loose black robe. While a headscarf is optional for non-Saudi women (particularly in Jeddah and Dammam), one should at least be brought along in order to avoid possible harassment from the religious police or to be used as a means of deflecting attention from potentially aggravating men.

Saudi law prohibits women from mingling with unrelated men. Some family restaurants will go further and will not (knowingly) allow a married couple to dine together with a single man.

A woman mumkin travel alone provided she has written permission from her mahram. They may also stay alone in hotels, although hotels may require written permission on check-in unless the woman holds an official form of ID.

While all this legally applies to foreign women as well, in practice foreign women are not restrained by their families in the way that Saudi women are, and can have considerable leeway if they choose to take it. For example, a foreign woman and her boyfriend (or even male coworker) can simply claim to be husband and wife, and thus mingle freely — although, if caught doing so, they could sometimes be subject to a short stay in jail.

A single woman accosted by the police or the muttawa and requested to come with them does not have to (and, for their own safety, should not) go with them alone: you have the right to call your mahram and have them arrive, and you should use it. However, you may be required to surrender your ID, and you may not leave until the police/muttawa allow you to.

Boshqalar

Fotosuratlar is probably the easiest way for a visitor to inadvertently get into trouble. Qil emas take pictures of any government-related building (ministries, airports, military facilities etc.) or any building that could possibly be one, or you risk being hauled off to jail for espionage. As strict Wahhabi belief prohibits making images of any living creature and Saudis place a high value on privacy, do not photograph any Saudi men without permission and do emas even point your camera in the general direction of women, period. Even government publications avoid pictures of people and often resort to mosaicing out faces if they have to use one! However, photography in public places was declared legal by royal decree in 2006 unless posted otherwise or violating an individual's desire not to be photographed.

Playing music in public is also prohibited (though this does not include playing music at a picnic in the desert for example). However, personal music players and listening to music in private is fine, and there are plenty of music shops in the country's shopping malls if you don't mind permanent marker over Britney's hemline on the cover. It is not uncommon to hear young Saudis blasting the latest hip-hop music in their vehicles, at least when the muttawa are not around.

Religious items for religions other than Islam, including Bibles, crucifixes and any religious literature, are forbidden, although these days items for personal use are generally ignored. However, anything that hints of proselytism is treated juda harshly, and the muttawa often bust illicit church assemblies and the like. Public observance of religions other than Islam is a crime in Saudi Arabia. Similarly, promoting an interpretation of Islam other than Wahhabism is a crime in Saudi Arabia.

The flag of Saudi Arabia bears the Islamic declaration of faith, and desecration or any other inappropriate use of the flag (notably displaying the flag on half-mast) is considered insulting. Public criticism of the King, the royal family or Saudi Arabia's government is not tolerated.

Ulanmoq

By phone

The four mobile operators in Saudi, incumbent Al Jawal, Emirati rival Mobily , KuwaitiZain (Vodafone Network) and STC newcomer Jawwy are fiercely competitive, with good coverage (in populated areas) and good prices. A starter pack with prepaid SIM and talktime starts from about SR75, and you can sign up in most any larger mobile shop (bring your passport). Local calls are under SR0.5/minute, while calls overseas are around or less than SR2/min.

And yes, you can bring in your own phone: despite grumblings from the clerics, camera phones and multimedia messaging (MMS) are now legal.

By net

Internet cafes abound in major Saudi cities, and many shopping malls feature a gaming parlor or two. Rates are around SR5/hour.

While Internet in Saudi Arabia is cordoned off by a filter, it aims primarily at pornography, non-Islamic religious and domestic political sites in Arabic, and (from the traveller's point of view) is nowhere near as strict as, say, China's. Google, Skype, Wikipedia, and all major webmail providers are accessible.

Internet censorship in Saudi Arabia might not be as strict as other countries in the Middle East. This is because social sites such as Facebook and Twitter are not banned in the country. Although Skype is also allowed, the Saudi government has banned smartphone app Viber. Prohibited sites of course include pornographic websites, and sites that contain homosexuality, illegal gambling, and criticisms against their religion and government.

Pochta orqali

Saudi Post has a good network of post offices around the country, but offices are closed Thursday and Friday. Stamps for postcards to anywhere in the world cost SR4. The bigger problem is actually finding postcards, as the mutawwa periodically crack down on the celebration of non-Islamic holidays like Valentine's Day, Christmas or even birthdays, causing barchasi cards of any sort to disappear from bookstores. Your best bet is gift shops in major hotels. Mail coming in to the country from overseas is notoriously unreliable. Stories abound of things arriving months after they were sent or never arriving at all. There are branches of DHL, FedEx and UPS operating throughout the kingdom, so a good rule of thumb is to have anything important sent through those channels.